Abstract: A semi-artificial diet of monarch butterfly larva and a process for making such a diet are provided. The diet consists of a substantial amount of dried milkweed powder and small but effective amounts of mold inhibitor and antibiotic.

Abstract: A completely digestible highly nutritious dog chew formulated primarily of beaded corn starch or a mixture of beaded corn starch and potato starch, and calcium carbonate, the texture of hardness or which is easily modified to suit a particular dog by the dog owner. By irradiating the chew in a microwave oven, the chew is caused to expand and is thereby rendered more easily chewable.

Abstract: A poultry feed composition including protein, vitamins and minerals, and a source of carbohydrates from the group consisting of soybean meals and corn supplemented with an &agr;-galactosidase that catalyzes the degradation of the galactoside. The addition of the &agr;-galactosidase increases the ratio of gain to feed, increases the amount of white meat, or decreases the amount of fat deposited during growth of a chicken fed the feed composition, relative to the chicken fed on an identical feed composition absent the &agr;-galactosidase.

Abstract: A method is provided to increase the efficiency with which monogastric animals utilize low caloric content dietary rations. Addition of a hemicellulase enzyme, such as mannanase, to dietary rations that are not supplemented with concentrated fat, or which contain reduced fat content, increases the efficiency with which monogastric animals utilize the rations.

Abstract: The invention relates to a food supplement formulation intended to improve the digestibility of food intakes, notably for animals, comprising a mixture of butyrates to which there are optionally added sweeteners, vitamins and preservatives. The invention also concerns a food composition containing such a supplement formulation, as well as the uses of a mixture of butyrates with a view to improving the digestibility of the food intakes.

Abstract: There is provided soybean protein products of significantly lowerstachyose content as a function of an improved soybean having a seed stachyose content of less than 50 .mu.mol/g. Improved soybean lines are provided as are methods of using such reduced stachyose soybeans.

Abstract: A heat expandable dog chew comprised primarily of injection molded potato starch, calcium carbonate, to which is added a fruit flavoring, a food coloring or a breath sweetener.

Abstract: A dry feed composition for swine is disclosed. The dry feed composition includes as ingredients at least one or more animal protein products, marine products, milk products, grain products, plant protein products and processed grain by-products as well as natural and artificial flavors so as to balance the feed ration for protein, fiber, energy and palatability. The dry feed composition additionally comprises sufficient protein product to form a dry feed composition comprising a total crude protein content of at least 19%.By feeding the swine the dry feed composition of the present invention, the period of time required to bring swine to market is substantially reduced.

Abstract: A completely digestible highly nutritious dog chew formulated primarily of wheat flour, casein and starch carbohydrate, the texture of hardness of which is easily modified to suit a particular dog by the dog owner. By irradiating the chew in a microwave oven, the chew is caused to expand and is thereby rendered more easily chewable.

Abstract: Methods and liquified dietary supplements for enhancing and maintaining the health of birds are disclosed. The invention also includes dietary supplements which are intended to promote avian well-being by providing a daily regimen of two specifically designed formulas. The Healthy Bird.TM. Sunrise Formula is a morning supplement which furnishes quick energy, and maintains the natural acid base balance of the bird. The Healthy Bird.TM. Sunset Formula is an evening supplement which enables the bird to begin its rest cycle. Both preparations are novel compositions which furnish highly nutritional dietary regimens for domesticated birds.

Abstract: The invention relates to livestock feed compositions and methods for producing food products of improved nutritional quality from the livestock. Specifically, in one embodiment, feed compositions comprising whole flaxseed and dietary grit, and further comprising menhaden oil, soybean oil, and vitamin E, can be used to produce chicken eggs with improved essential fatty acid and vitamin E contents. The eggs so produced score favorably when compared to control eggs in taste tests. Furthermore, there is no reduction in egg production from the chickens fed a diet of the compositions disclosed.

Abstract: A hardness modifiable edible dog chew produced by extruding a vegetable starch mixture into beads and then injection molding the beads into the shape of the dog chew. The mixture includes lecithin, calcium carbonate and optionally a dog attractant.

Abstract: A food composition, particularly for pets, is prepared by adding and mixing cereal, vegetable protein extract, animal meal, vegetable by-products and lipid ingredients together and extrusion-cooking the mixture and then discharging the extrusion-cooked mixture via a die to obtain a plurality of extrudate bands and to form the bands into a lamellar structure product having a plurality of band layers, after which the lamellar structure is cut into pieces so that the pieces have a band layer lamellar structure and then, the pieces are dried. The ingredients are employed and the process is carried out so that the dried product has a protein content of between 14% and 35%, a lipid content of between 2% and 20%, a carbohydrate content of at least 25%, a moisture content of between 2% and 15% and a density of between 0.3 and 0.6 g/cc. The die has a die plate and a cone for forming the bands and layered structure.

Abstract: A quick-fermented feed is prepared by incorporating plant concentrate materials into alkali-treated wastes of agricultural products to lower the pH to a level below 10, inoculating the mixture with lactic acid bacteria capable of growing under alkaline conditions or high salt conditions, and fermenting the resulting mixture.

Abstract: A dry cattle feed comprised of 80% to 87% hardwood meal naturally containing phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, zinc, iron, copper, and manganese harvested from all varieties of oak, pecan, and mesquite trees.

Abstract: A dietary composition is provided for promoting healthy weight loss in cats which contains, on a dry matter basis, from about 0.2 to 1.5% by weight fatty acids selected from the group consisting of C18:3n3, C20:4n6, C20:5n3, C22:6n3, and mixtures thereof, and from about 28 to 50% by weight protein. The composition may be administered to obese cats to provide optimum weight loss while preventing hepatic lipidosis and other associated diseases.

Abstract: This invention describes the germination technology for cereal and oil seeds for the production of enzymes and also describes the production technology of various high activity enzyme products such as phytase from the germinated seeds. The invention provides the use of germinated seeds after crushing (or pulverizing) as economically viable raw materials for mixed feeds and also provides the use of the enzyme products as filler materials for various pharmaceuticals for livestock. The production of enzyme products from seeds are achieved through four steps including selection of seeds, germination, culturing and drying, crushing and packaging.

Abstract: A process of treating whole cottonseed to improve the handleability and digestibility of the cottonseed is provided. In general, the process comprises the steps of: (a) adjusting the pH to equal or greater than eight of an aqueous composition having a sugar concentration of at least 5 percent by weight; and (b) applying the aqueous composition to whole cottonseed. According to another aspect of the invention, the process further comprises the step of drying the whole cottonseed after applying the aqueous composition. According to a modified process of treating whole cottonseed to improve the handleability and digestibility of the cottonseed, the process comprises the steps of: (a) applying an aqueous sugar composition having a sugar concentration of at least 5 percent by weight to the whole cottonseed; and (b) applying a basic aqueous solution having a pH equal to or greater than eight to the whole cottonseed.

Abstract: A conjugated linoleic acid is prepared in industrial scale as a hydrolyzed isomerized product for blending into bulk domestic animal feeds. The CLA-containing isomerized hydrolyzed oil from sunflower and safflower seeds has sufficiently low levels of phosphatides and sterols to permit crude processing and incorporation into feeds of an undried, undistilled oil fraction without toxic or unpalatable effects.

Abstract: The composition of one or more selected soluble sugars and one or more selected dicarboxylic acids into a feed supplement for ruminant animals that maintains the appropriate level of lactic acid and pH of the rumen, and optimizes the availability of energy and nutrients for milk production or growth. The composition also includes one or more selected mineral salts and/or fat, fiber or flavor freshener.

Abstract: An iodine supplement for animal feeds and a method of preparing the same which provides a lower cost material with superior blending and stability characteristics. The supplement is achieved by initially reacting elemental iodine with an excess of a metal hydroxide. The reactant product is then reacted with a calcium source which creates a mixture of a solution of an iodide salt and a suspension of a mixture of an insoluble iodate salt and calcium hydroxide. This mixture is then deposited on the surface of a suitable absorbent carrier such as ground corn cobs or soybean meal.

Abstract: Spherical aggregate crystals of a phosphoric acid/lysine/magnesium composite salt represented by formula (1):R.sub.a Mg.sub.b H.sub.c PO.sub.4.(H.sub.2 O).sub.n (1)whereR is a lysine cation;a is 0.15 to 1.0;b is 1.0 to 1.42;c is 0 to 0.3;n is 0 to 10; anda+(2.times.b)+c=3.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the expression of phytase in transgenic plants or plant organs and methods for the production of such plants. DNA expression constructs are provided for the transformation of plants with a gene encoding phytase under the control of regulatory sequences which are capable of directing the expression of phytase. These regulatory sequences include sequences capable of directing transcription in plants, either constitutively, or stage and/or tissue specific, depending on the use of the plant or parts thereof. The transgenic plants and plant organs provided by the present invention may be applied to a variety of industrial processes either directly, e.g. in animal feeds or alternatively, the expressed phytase may be extracted and if desired, purified before application.

Abstract: A purified novel cellulase composition is provided which may be isolated from a fermentation culture of Trichoderma longibrachiatum and has a molecular weight of about 95-105 kD as approximated on SDS-PAGE (see FIG. 1), a pl of about 5.6-6.8 as estimated on an IEF gel and a pH optimum of about 5.0 on RBB-CMC when measured at 65.degree. C. and pH 4 or lower at temperatures of 40.degree. C. and 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A nutrient formulation including moisture which is designed for use in poultry and other animals, and a method of feeding it which improves subsequent livability, cumulative feed efficiency and weight gain is disclosed. The method comprises making available for consumption ad libitum a high moisture material containing at least about 20% by weight water to the poultry or other animals before they are offered dry food ad libitum.

Abstract: A process of treating whole cottonseed to improve the handleability and digestibility of the cottonseed is provided. In general, the process comprises the steps of: (a) adjusting the pH to equal or less than three of an aqueous composition having a sugar concentration of at least 5 percent by weight; and (b) applying the aqueous composition to whole cottonseed. According to another aspect of the invention, the process further comprises the step of drying the whole cottonseed after applying the aqueous composition. According to a modified process of treating whole cottonseed to improve the handleability and digestibility of the cottonseed, the process comprises the steps of: (a) applying an aqueous sugar composition having a sugar concentration to of at least 5 percent by weight to the whole cottonseed; and (b) applying an acidic aqueous solution having a pH equal to or less than three to the whole cottonseed.

Abstract: A process for feeding an animal a diet which alters the function and composition of gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) by increasing the proportion of T cells in the GALT is provided. The diet includes fermentable fibers which have an organic matter disappearance of 15 to 60 percent when fermented by fecal bacteria for a 24 hour period, the fibers being present in amounts from about 1 to 11 weight percent of supplemental total dietary fiber. The animal is maintained on the diet for a sufficient period of time to allow the fermentable fibers to ferment in the colon of the animal to increase the proportion of T cells in the GALT of the animal.

Abstract: A highly functional fermented fodder and a process for preparing the same. The fodder composition according to the present invention comprises an aqueous solution containing 300-700 g of at least one compound selected from sodium silicate and potassium silicate, 300-700 g of at least one compound selected from potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate, 2-8 g of titanium dioxide, 5-15 g of boron and 80-150 g of sugar in 1 liter of water; and 100 kg to 500 kg of fodder. The fodder according to the invention enhances immunity of domestic animals from diseases, without further addition of veterinary medicines such as antibiotic agent or antibacterial agent; induces increase of body weight of animals to increase income of livestock farmers; and provides, after slaughter, excellent fleshy substance which contains rich amount of essential unsaturated fatty acids, particularly, .omega.-3 type fatty acids.

Abstract: The subject invention is directed to enzymatic methods for improving the conservation (storage) and feed values of fibrous crops by treating the crops with a cellulase enzyme mixture.

Abstract: An animal feed, preferably a poultry feed, containing an 1.alpha.-hydroxylated vitamin D compound. The vitamin D compound causes improved utilization of phosphorus, calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, iron and manganese available from inorganic sources in animal feed so as to minimize, or perhaps eliminate, the need for supplemental quantities of these minerals in an animal diet.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for making a modified soy flour feed which is useful as a protein source in the diets of animals, particularly in the diet of young animals. The method for producing the modified soy flour feed, referred to hereinafter as "MSF feed", comprises the following steps: combining soy flour, sugar and liquid to provide a mixture; gelatinizing the soy flour in the mixture; then reacting yeast with the mixture preferably at a temperature of from about 60.degree. F. to about 125.degree. F. for a time sufficient to reduce the allergenic properties of the soy flour; and terminating the chemical reactions. Preferably, the yeast is added to the gelatinized mixture at a weight which is from about 0.25 to about 15%, by weight, of the combined soy flour-sugar weight. Unlike conventional soy flour, the MSF feed produced by this process does not induce diarrhea, poor growth or weight loss associated with an allergic response.

Abstract: A highly digestible, good preference, relatively high-quality fermented formula feed which is obtainable by mixing a soybean feed material and a wheat splinter capable of decomposing phytin in an amount of not less than that of the soybean feed material, d.s.b., and subjecting the mixture to a lactic acid fermentation under humid conditions.

Abstract: A method for producing Omega-3 fatty acid enriched eggs includes the step of mixing a feed comprised of corn, soybean meal, flaxseed, oyster shell, limestone, salt, vitamin premix, mineral premix, Vitamin E premix, methionine, animal/vegetable fat blend, pectinase and glucanase enzyme product, and phosphorus. The method further includes feeding the hen a feed ration of 100-110 g per day and having the hen lay the enriched eggs.

Abstract: Coffee grounds containing diterpenes are added together with and heated with phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, or sulfuric acid at a temperature of between 80.degree. C. and 100.degree. C. for a time to degrade the diterpenes, and the product so treated is dried and may be used as a part of an animal food.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions useful in methods for the treatment of coccidiosis. The compositions are designed to be administered to animals infected with coccidiosis-inducing organisms and contain an osmoprotectant, e.g. betaine, and an anticoccidial agent or coccidiostat.

Abstract: Brassica seeds having a maximum of glucosinolate content of 3.4 .mu.moles per gram of seed, plant lines and progeny thereof which produces such seeds, and meal derived from such seeds are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for preparing grain products to use as foods, livestock feeds, aquacultural feeds. The grains used are soybean, rice, barley, wheat, oats, rye and corn, and defatted products or brans thereof, and the like and which are extremely excellent in digestion efficiency. Conventional products made from a grain are poor in digestion efficiency, and processes for preparing such products are also poor in efficiency. One of the main features of the process resides in that phytic acid in a grain is hydrolyzed removed to obtain a product having high digestion efficiency.

Abstract: This invention encompasses protein-protected ruminant feed comprising oil seed meal, hulls, and water that has been cooked to give a cooked meal having a temperature of at least 200.degree. F. and a moisture content of from 21 to 26 wt. % and thereafter drying and cooling the moist cooked feed to give a protein protected ruminant feed. The protein protected ruminant feed is less digestible in the rumen and thereby enhances ruminant growth and milk production.

Abstract: A ruminally inert fat for a ruminant feed is made by applying reducing sugars to oilseed meats and heating to induce non-enzymatic browning. The process is controlled to ensure penetration of the reducing sugars into the interior of cracked oilseed meat prior to browning. The browning reaction renders the protein which surrounds the oil resistant to rumen bacterial degradation to thereby encapsulate the oil in a protective matrix.

Abstract: Coated animal feed agglomerates such as pellets are made starting with uncoated agglomerates or pellets that may be formed of easily agglomerated or pelleted ingredients but which may be lacking in desirable nutritional or other ingredients. A binder such as a viscous aqueous gel is coated onto the uncoated agglomerates or pellets. Thereafter, the damp binder coated agglomerates or pellets are dusted with a powder containing ingredients having a substantial lactose content which usually are not amenable to being extruded. After the dusting powder has been applied, the coated and dusted pellets undergo a curing step before they are dried and cooled.

Abstract: A method of increasing the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of milk consists of feeding to a lactating cow a diet which contains about 1% to about 5% of a vegetable oil containing linoleic or linolenic acid. Feed for use in the method and milk containing increased levels of CLA are also disclosed.

Abstract: Linter-bearing cottonseed covered with a coat of starch optionally containing one or more biologically related materials selected from vitamins, feed supplements, oils, fats, urea, rodent repellants, insect repellants, medications, anti-germination agents, and preservatives, and a method for preparing it is taught herein. Starch coated cottonseed is useful as an animal feed and as planting stock. The starch coating allows the cottonseed to be used in conventional feed handling and seed planting equipment.

Abstract: Livestock and poultry are fed with feed containing at least one spice chosen from among the families Myristicaceae, Cruciferae, Rutaceae, Compositae, Pedaliaceae, Piperaceae, Leguminosae, Umbelliferae, Myrtaceae, Solanaceae, Labiatae, Lauraceae, Liliaceae and Zingiberaceae, whereby the active ingredients of the spice taken into the bodies of the thus-fed livestock and poultry are transferred to their internal fat thereby to modify their meat and to improve the smell of their fat. Accordingly, the fatty smell of the meat and fat to be obtained from the thus-fed livestock and poultry is removed and the freshness-keeping power of the meat and fat is enhanced. As the spices may be added to feed, livestock and poultry may efficiently take the spices with ease.

Abstract: Crystallized anhydrous zilpaterol hydrochloride having less than 5% of the crystals with a size of less than 15 microns and at least 95% of the crystals having a size of less than 250 microns and a process for its preparation and novel intermediates.

Abstract: A coccidiosis-relieving agent comprising cashew nut shell oil and/or anacardic acids as an active ingredient and a feed for relieving coccidiosis comprising cashew nut shell oil and/or anacardic acids. Cecal lesions of livestock and poultry, in particular poultry such as fowl, can be relieved by adding cashew nut shell oil and/or anacardic acids to a feed. The coccidiosis-relieving agent according to the present invention does not completely inactivate Coccidium protozoa, but induces slight infection to immunize an animal, thus achieving a so-called "passive immunological effect". The coccidiosis-relieving agent is efficacious in allowing Coccidium protozoa to grow and imparting sufficient immunological stimuli while relieving lesions to thereby lessen damage to poultry such as fowls.

Abstract: This invention relates the use of sodium carbonate pulping liquor, in liquid or powder form, as a pellet binder in animal feed. The use of sodium carbonate pulping liquor as a binder provides a durable, abrasion resistant pellet that can withstand rough handling without crumbling.

Abstract: A method of catalyzing in vitro reactions using seeds containing enhanced amounts of enzymes is disclosed. The method involves adding transgenic, non-wild type seeds, preferably in a ground form, to a reaction mixture and allowing the enzymes in the seeds to increase the rate of reaction. By directly adding the seeds to the reaction mixture the method provides a solution to the expensive and problematic process of extracting and purifying the enzyme. Methods of treatment are also provided whereby a subject lacking a sufficient supply of an enzyme is administered the enzyme in the form of seeds containing enhanced amounts of the enzyme.

Abstract: The diets of ruminant animals include proteins which are, unfortunately, largely degraded in the rumen. Therefore, most of the protein is not available to the animal in the intestine where the nutrients can be properly absorbed and utilized by the animal. The present invention overcomes this problem by providing a composition that can be applied to a feed product in order to protect it from degradation in the rumen. In particular, the composition comprises about 10% w/v zein and from about 1 to about 2% formaldehyde in an aqueous alcohol solution. The invention also includes the method for protecting the feed product as well as the protected feed product.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process to correct and optimize the feed-composition on basis of testing the levels of so called FIL-lectines in the blood. This correction is exerted by adding certain sugars and amino acids to the feed. Hereby the FIL-level may be adjusted in order to optimize the growth.

Abstract: A process and feed composition for supplying fatty acids to ruminant animals which comprises feeding saturated fatty acids in the form of triglycerides to the animals. These highly saturated triglycerides may be added in an amount preferably between 2-5% of the total dry matter of the ratio. The highly saturated fatty acids according to the present invention have an iodine value of less than 25.