Abstract: A method for preparing a sintered magnet is provided according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The method includes preparing a mixed powder by coating fluorides on a surface of magnetic powder, adding heavy rare earth hydrides to the mixed powder, and heating the mixed powder, wherein the magnetic powder includes rare earth element-iron-boron-based powder, and the fluorides include at least one of an organic fluoride or an inorganic fluoride.

Abstract: An insulator-coated magnetic alloy powder particle includes a magnetic alloy powder particle and an insulator that coats a surface of the magnetic alloy powder particle and that has a plurality of protrusions at a surface thereof, wherein the insulator includes a first insulator in a particulate form enclosed in the protrusion, and a second insulator in a film form that coats at least a part of a surface of the first insulator.

Abstract: A magnetic base body in one embodiment of the invention includes first metal magnetic particles having a first average particle size, and second metal magnetic particles having a second average particle size smaller than the first average particle size. In the embodiment, a first insulating layer having a first thickness is provided on surfaces of the first metal magnetic particles, and a second insulating layer having a second thickness smaller than the first thickness is provided on surfaces of the second metal magnetic particles.

Abstract: A process. The process includes forming a slurry comprising electrode active material particles of one or more lithium-ion electrochemical cells, magnetizing the electrode active material particles and separating the magnetized electrode active material particles from the slurry.

Abstract: A test system for testing a device having a plurality of electrical contacts. The test system comprising: a device table operable to hold at least one device under test, a probe comprising at least one probe end for contacting electrical contacts of a device under test, a movement mechanism operable to move one or both of the device table and the probe so as to bring the at least one probe end into contact with at least one electrical contact of a device under test, and a profile determining system configured to determine a profile of the electrical contacts of a device under test.

Abstract: An insulating coating-attached electrical steel sheet has, on at least one surface, an insulating coating including an insulating tensile coating layer A. A tension applied to the steel sheet by an insulating tensile coating layer having a coating weight of M/2 from a surface of the insulating tensile coating layer A is 0.80×?A or more, where M is a weight of the insulating tensile coating layer A, and ?A is the tension applied to the steel sheet by the insulating tensile coating layer A. The insulating coating-attached electrical steel sheet has excellent adhesion of the insulating coating. A method for manufacturing the insulating coating-attached electrical steel sheet is also provided.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an isolator includes first and second electrodes, first and second insulating portions, and a first dielectric portion. The first insulating portion is provided on the first electrode. The second electrode is provided on the first insulating portion. The second insulating portion is provided around the second electrode along a first plane perpendicular to a first direction. The second insulating portion contacts the second electrode. The first dielectric portion is provided between the first and second insulating portions. At least a portion of the first dielectric portion contacts the second electrode and is positioned around the second electrode along the first plane. A distance between a lower end of the second electrode and a first interface between the first dielectric portion and the second insulating portion is less than a distance between the first interface and an upper end of the second electrode.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave absorption structure includes at least one electromagnetic wave composite absorbing layer. The electromagnetic wave composite absorbing layer includes a conductive composite layer and an insulating layer. The insulating layer is stacked and overlapped with the conductive composite layer. The electromagnetic wave absorption structure can provide good electromagnetic wave absorption function, and have the features of light and thin, so it is particularly suitable for satisfying the electromagnetic wave absorption or shielding requirements of thin electronic products.

Abstract: A dual disk spindle motor hard disk drive includes a first portion having a first spindle motor and a first disk media stack mounted thereon and housed in a first enclosure, and a second portion having a coaxial second spindle motor and a second disk media stack mounted thereon and housed in a second enclosure, where the second portion further includes both the first actuator and head sliders corresponding to the first disk stack as well as the second actuator and head sliders corresponding to the second disk stack. The first and second portions are coupled together such that the open sides of the enclosures mate, referred to herein as a clamshell configuration, and each separate spindle motor is configured to operate independently of the other. With independent control of multiple spindle motors, various control functions may be utilized to address power consumption and temperature control.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a fluidizing particle capable of improving a fluidity of a magnetic particle for a magnetic core and capable of improving a permeability of the magnetic core. The fluidizing particle includes a particle body having a magnetic property and a coating layer including a silicon compound covering the particle body, wherein a particle size of the fluidizing particle is 10 to 40 nm, and a circularity of the fluidizing particle is 0.55 or more.

Abstract: A powder magnetic core with terminal includes: a powder magnetic core composed of Fe-based alloy particles including Fe and an element M (M is Cr and/or Al) which is more easily oxidizable than Fe; and at least two terminals formed at an interval on a surface of the powder magnetic core. The powder magnetic core includes the Fe-based alloy particles, and an underlayer including the element M (M is Cr and/or Al), Fe and O formed on a surface of the Fe-based alloy particles. A first layer including at least one of Cr or Al and O is formed on a surface including a region in which the terminals of the powder magnetic core are formed. The terminals are formed on a surface of the first layer. Each of the terminals includes a second layer including one of Au, Ag, Cu, Ti or Cr.

Abstract: A metal magnetic powder is constituted by metal magnetic grains that each include: a metal phase where the percentage of Fe at its center part is 98 percent by mass or higher, while the mass percentage of Fe at its contour part is lower than that at the center part; and an oxide film covering the metal phase, so as to inhibit oxidation of Fe contained in the metal phase, despite the high content percentage of Fe in the metal phase.

Abstract: A magnet structure includes a first sintered magnet, a second sintered magnet, and an intermediate layer disposed between the first sintered magnet and the second sintered magnet. Each of the first sintered magnet and the second sintered magnet independently includes crystal grains containing a rare earth element, a transition metal element, and boron. The intermediate layer contains rare earth element oxide phases and crystal grains containing a rare earth element, transition metal element, and boron. Each of the transition metal elements independently includes Fe or a combination of Fe and Co. An average coverage factor of the rare earth element oxide phases measured on the basis of a cross section perpendicular to the intermediate layer of the magnet structure is within a range of 10% to 69%.

Abstract: It is an object of the present technology to provide a magnetic recording medium that has a small total thickness and achieves excellent travelling stability. The present technology provides a tape-shaped magnetic recording medium including a magnetic layer, an underlayer, a base layer, and a back layer, in which a servo pattern is recorded in the magnetic layer, a statistical value ?SW indicating non-linearity of a servo band and being obtained from a reproduction waveform of a servo signal of the servo pattern is 24 nm or less, the base layer contains polyester as a main component, an average thickness tT of the magnetic recording medium is 5.6 ?m or less, the magnetic recording medium contains a lubricant, pores are formed in the magnetic recording medium, and an average diameter of the pores of the magnetic recording medium that is measured in a state where the lubricant has been removed from the magnetic recording medium and the magnetic recording medium has been dried, is 6 nm or more and 11 nm or less.

Abstract: An inductor component includes an inductor wiring line that extends in a plane, a magnetic layer that is formed of an organic resin containing a magnetic powder and that covers the inductor wiring line, and a nonmagnetic-body insulating layer that is formed of an organic resin containing an insulating nonmagnetic powder and that covers a principal surface of the magnetic layer. The inductor component further includes a close-contact layer that is located between the magnetic layer and the insulating layer and that contains the magnetic powder, the nonmagnetic powder, and an organic resin.

Abstract: Described are hard disk drives that include a low density atmosphere, with which is included a passivating gas, and methods of using these hard disk drives and methods of assembling these hard disk drives.

Abstract: A method of preparing a dye-functionalized flexible upconversion-luminescence solid-phase sensor, including: preparation of upconversion-luminescence nanoparticles, preparation of an upconversion nanoparticle-doped solid-phase sensor, and preparation of a dye-functionalized flexible upconversion-luminescence solid-phase sensor. A method for detecting a gaseous pollutant is also provided, including: preparing a dye-functionalized flexible upconversion-luminescence solid-phase sensor through the above method; establishing a prediction model; and substituting a fluorescence intensity of a sample into the prediction model to calculate the gaseous pollutant concentration in the sample.

Abstract: A magnetoresistance effect element with a small element size can be provided which achieves both an increase in a thermal stability factor ? and a reduction in a writing current IC0 and which improves a performance index ?/IC0(?A?1) obtained by dividing the thermal stability factor ? by the writing current IC0. The magnetoresistance effect element includes a first reference layer (B1), a first junction layer (11), a first magnetic layer (21), a first non-magnetic coupling layer (31), a second magnetic layer (22), and a second junction layer (12), and a film thickness of the first non-magnetic coupling layer (31) is 0.1 nm or more and 0.3 nm or less.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an adhesive film for a semiconductor and a dicing die-bonding film the same, and particularly, to an adhesive film for a semiconductor, which may reduce electromagnetic interference generated in a semiconductor package by including a polymer matrix in which a magnetic filler including a core and a coating layer formed on the surface of the core is dispersed, and a dicing die-bonding film including the same.

Abstract: To provide a magnetic recording medium that has excellent traveling stability in spite of having a thin total thickness and a thin thickness of an underlayer, and is suitable for use in a recording/reproducing device for adjusting the width of the magnetic recording medium by adjusting a tension of the magnetic recording medium in a longitudinal direction thereof. The present technology provides a tape-shaped magnetic recording medium including: a magnetic layer; an underlayer; a base layer; and a back layer, in which the underlayer has a thickness of 0.5 ?m or more and 0.9 ?m or less, the magnetic recording medium has an average thickness tT of 5.

Abstract: In a coil component, a second magnetic portion disposed in the vicinity of a coil is designed to have a higher proportion of Fe than a metal magnetic powder-containing resin constituting a first magnetic portion. Therefore, a magnetic flux of the coil flows smoothly. Although the second magnetic portion has a relatively lower withstand voltage than the first magnetic portion, since the second magnetic portion is surrounded by the first magnetic portion, it is not exposed on an outer surface of a magnetic body. For this reason, a situation in which the coil and external terminal electrodes are short-circuited with the second magnetic portion therebetween is effectively curbed, and short-circuiting between the coil and the external terminal electrodes can be curbed.

Abstract: Electroplating systems may include an electroplating chamber. The systems may also include a replenish assembly fluidly coupled with the electroplating chamber. The replenish assembly may include a first compartment housing anode material. The first compartment may include a first compartment section in which the anode material is housed and a second compartment section separated from the first compartment section by a divider. The replenish assembly may include a second compartment fluidly coupled with the electroplating chamber and electrically coupled with the first compartment. The replenish assembly may also include a third compartment electrically coupled with the second compartment, the third compartment including an inert cathode.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a magnetic recording medium that enables good reproduction even after long-term preservation and that has a small overall thickness. The present technology provides a tape-shaped magnetic recording medium including a magnetic layer, a ground layer, a base layer, and a back layer, in which an average thickness tT of the magnetic recording medium is equal to or less than 5.3 ?m, and, when the magnetic recording medium is subjected to dynamic viscoelasticity measurement at a frequency of 10 Hz and a temperature rise rate of 2° C./min, a difference between a maximum and a minimum of a viscosity term E? in a temperature range of 0° C. to 80° C. is equal to or less than 0.18 GPa. In addition, the present technology also provides a tape cartridge including the tape-shaped magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is a tape-shaped magnetic recording medium, including: a substrate; an underlayer provided on the substrate; and a magnetic layer provided on the underlayer. The substrate contains polyester, each of the underlayer and the magnetic layer contains a lubricant, the magnetic layer has a surface on which a large number of holes is provided, the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the surface is 2.5 nm or less, a BET specific surface area of the entire magnetic recording medium measured in a state where the magnetic recording medium has been washed and dried is 3.5 m2/g or more and 7.0 m2/g or less, a squareness ratio of the magnetic layer in a vertical direction is 65% or more, an average thickness of the magnetic layer is 80 nm or less, an average thickness of the magnetic recording medium is 5.6 ?m or less, and a servo pattern is recorded on the magnetic layer and a statistical value ?SW indicating a non-linearity of the servo pattern is 24 nm or less.

Abstract: An FeNi ordered alloy contained in a magnetic material has an L10 ordered structure, is doped with an light element, and is provided as a granular particle. A method for manufacturing a magnetic material including an FeNi ordered alloy having an L10 ordered structure includes preparing an FeNi ordered alloy provided as a granular particle, and doping a light element into the FeNi ordered alloy.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of purifying compounds useful for the deposition of high purity tin oxide and high purity compounds purified by those methods. Such compounds are those of the Formula as follows Rx—Sn-A4-x, wherein: A is selected from the group consisting of (YaR?z) and a 3- to 7-membered N-containing heterocyclic group; each R group is independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl or aryl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; each R? group is independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, acyl or aryl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; x is an integer from 0 to 4; a is an integer from 0 to 1; Y is selected from the group consisting of N, O, S, and P; and z is 1 when Y is O, S or when Y is absent and z is 2 when Y is N or P.

Abstract: Compositions having solid core particles with functionalizing layers over at least a portion of the outer surfaces of the solid core particles are described. The functionalizing layers are formed from a reaction product of a 1,1-di-activated vinyl compound, or a multifunctional form thereof, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: An object is to provide a magnetic recording medium having excellent traveling stability and a thin total thickness. The present technology provides a tape-shaped magnetic recording medium including: a magnetic layer; an underlayer; a base layer; and a back layer, in which a surface on a side of the magnetic layer has a kurtosis of 3.0 or more, a surface on a side of the back layer has a kurtosis of 2.0 or more, the surface on the magnetic layer side has arithmetic average roughness Ra of 2.5 nm or less, the base layer includes a polyester as a main component, the magnetic recording medium has an average thickness tT of 5.6 ?m or less, the magnetic recording medium includes a lubricant, the lubricant includes a fatty acid and a fatty acid ester, and a mass ratio between the fatty acid and the fatty acid ester extracted with hexane satisfies fatty acid/fatty acid ester?0.

Abstract: R—Fe—B sintered magnet has a main phase containing R2(Fe,(Co))14B intermetallic compound and a grain boundary phase. The inter-particle grain boundary includes an expanded width part that is surrounded by a narrow width part at which the inter-particle width is 10 nm or less and that has a structure distended in the inter-particle width direction as compared with the grain boundary width of the narrow width part; the inter-particle width at the expanded width part is at least 30 nm; Fe/R ratio in the expanded width part is 0.01-2.5; the main phase includes, in the surface part thereof, an HR-rich phase represented by (R?,HR)2(Fe,(Co))14B (R? represents rare-earth elements excluding Dy, Tb, and Ho, and that essentially include Nd; and HR represents Dy, Tb, and Ho); the contained amount of HR in the HR-rich phase is higher than that in the central part of the main phase.

Abstract: A coil component includes a body and a coil conductor embedded in the body. The body includes a magnetic layer and a non-magnetic layer. The magnetic layer is formed of a composite material including a metal particle and a resin material, and the non-magnetic layer is arranged to block between at least one of top and bottom surfaces of the body and the coil conductor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sintered metal material comprising at least one magnetic part, characterised by directional through-pores having a size of between 1 and 100 ?m, said material having a density varying by less than 20% from one sample of 1 cm3 to another taken from a one-piece part made from the material.

Abstract: A device including a multi-layered structure that includes: a first layer that includes a first magnetic Heusler compound; a second layer that is non-magnetic at room temperature and includes both Ru and at least one other element E, wherein the composition of the second layer is represented by Ru1?xEx, with x being in the range from 0.45 to 0.55; and a third layer including a second magnetic Heusler compound. The multi-layered structure may overlay a substrate. The device may include a tunnel barrier overlying the multi-layered structure.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a flexible electronic substrate and a substrate structure are disclosed. The manufacturing method includes: providing a first substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface which are opposite; forming a separation layer on the first surface of the first substrate, the separation layer being in a film form; providing a second substrate on the separation layer, the second substrate being configured as a flexible substrate; and processing the separation layer, such that at least a part of the separation layer is cracked from the film form, thereby separating the second substrate from the first substrate.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium that can exhibit good traveling performance during use is provided. This magnetic recording medium is a tape-shaped magnetic recording medium, and includes a substrate including a polyester as a main component, a base layer disposed on the substrate, a magnetic layer disposed on the base layer, and a back layer disposed on a side of the substrate opposite to the base layer. A surface of the back layer opposite to the substrate has a kurtosis of 2.0 or more. On a surface of the magnetic layer, recesses having a depth of 20% or more of the average thickness of the magnetic layer are formed at a ratio of 10 or more and 200 or less per 1600 ?m2. A surface of the magnetic layer has arithmetic average roughness Ra of 2.5 nm or less. The entire magnetic recording medium has a BET specific surface area of 3.5 m2/g or more in a state where the lubricant has been removed from the magnetic recording medium and the magnetic recording medium has been dried.

Abstract: A method of producing a motor core includes preparing a soft magnetic plate containing a transition metal element, preparing a modifying member containing an alloy having a melting point lower than a melting point of the soft magnetic plate, bringing the modifying member into contact with a part of a plate surface of the soft magnetic plate, causing the modifying member to diffuse and penetrate into the soft magnetic plate from a contact surface between the soft magnetic plate and the modifying member and forming a hard magnetic phase-containing part in a part of the soft magnetic plate, and laminating a plurality of soft magnetic plates on each other after the modifying member is brought into contact with the part of the plate surface of the soft magnetic plate.

Abstract: Methods for cleaning surfaces are provided. Such a method may comprise contacting a surface with a fluid comprising a compound of Formula I for a period of time; and removing the fluid from the surface, thereby providing a cleaned surface. Vapor phase degreasing systems for cleaning a surface of a component are also provided. Such a system may comprise a boil sump comprising liquid comprising a compound of Formula I; and a holder configured to hold a component in a vapor formed from the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a grain boundary diffusion method of an R—Fe—B series rare earth sintered magnet, an HRE diffusion source, and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: engineering A of forming a dry layer on a high-temperature-resistant carrier, the dry layer being adhered with HRE compound powder, the HRE being at least one of Dy, Tb, Gd, or Ho; and engineering B of performing heat treatment on the R—Fe—B series rare earth sintered magnet and the high-temperature-resistant carrier treated with the engineering A in a vacuum or inert atmosphere and supplying HRE to a surface of the R—Fe—B series rare earth sintered magnet. The method can reduce the consumption of heavy rare earth element and control the loss of residual magnetism Br while increasing the coercivity.

Abstract: An R-T-B based permanent magnet, in which R is a rare earth element, T is Fe or a combination of Fe and Co, and B is boron, includes main phase grains made of an R2T14B crystal phase and grain boundaries formed between the main phase grains. The grain boundaries include an R—O—C—N concentrated part having higher concentrations of R, O, C, and N than that of the main phase grains. The R—O—C—N concentrated part includes a heavy rare earth element. The R—O—C—N concentrated part has a core part and a shell part covering at least part of the core part. A concentration of the heavy rare earth element in the shell part is higher than a concentration of the heavy element in the core part. A covering ratio of the shell part with respect to the core part of the R—O—C—N concentrated part is 45% or more in average.

Abstract: The present invention discloses rare earth-bonded magnetic powder and a preparation method therefor. The bonded magnetic powder is of a multilayer core-shell structure, and comprises a core layer and an antioxidant layer (3), wherein the core layer is formed by RFeMB, R is Nd and/or PrNd, and M is one or more of Co, Nb, and Zr; and the core layer is coated with an iron-nitrogen layer (2). In addition, the present invention also discloses the preparation method for the rare earth-bonded magnetic powder and a bonded magnet. The oxidation and corrosion of magnetic raw powder during phosphorization and subsequent treatment process are effectively prevented, thereby further improving the long-term temperature resistance and environmental tolerance of the material.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to a method of forming a magnetic stack arrangement of a laminated magnetic inductor having a high frequency peak quality factor (Q). A first magnetic stack is formed having one or more magnetic layers alternating with one or more insulating layers in a first inner region of a laminated magnetic inductor. A second magnetic stack is formed opposite a surface of the first magnetic stack in an outer region of the laminated magnetic inductor. A third magnetic stack is formed opposite a surface of the second magnetic stack in a second inner region of the laminated magnetic inductor. The insulating layers are formed such that a thickness of an insulating layer in the second magnetic stack is greater than a thickness of an insulating layer in the first magnetic stack.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium that can exhibit good traveling performance during use is provided. This magnetic recording medium is a tape-shaped magnetic recording medium, and includes a substrate, a base layer disposed on the substrate, and a magnetic layer disposed on the base layer. On the surface of the magnetic layer, recesses having a depth of 20% or more of the average thickness of the magnetic layer are formed at a ratio of 20 or more and 200 or less per 1600 ?m2. On the surface of the magnetic layer, a logarithmic decay rate determined by a pendulum viscoelasticity test at a temperature of 10° C. or higher and 45° C. or lower is 0.025 or more and 0.035 or less. A difference between a maximum value of the logarithmic decay rate and a minimum value of the logarithmic decay rate is 0 or more and 0.020 or less. The squareness ratio in the perpendicular direction is 65% or more. The average thickness of the magnetic layer is 80 nm or less. The average thickness of the magnetic recording medium is 5.

Abstract: A permanent magnet of an embodiment comprises: a base magnet represented by a-b-c (a includes a rare earth-based element, b includes a transition element, and c includes boron (B)); and a coating layer coated on a surface of the base magnet, wherein the coating layer comprises a compound containing a metal having magnetism, the compound including: a phosphor (P); and a metal belonging to the fourth period in the periodic table.

Abstract: A method of increasing coercivity of a sintered Nd—Fe—B permanent magnet includes a first step of providing a sintered Nd—Fe—B magnet block having a pair of block surfaces extending perpendicular to a magnetization direction. The method then proceeds with depositing an organic adhesive layer on one of the block surfaces. Next, the method proceeds with depositing a powder containing at least one heavy rare earth element on the organic adhesive layer. After depositing the powder, the sintered Nd—Fe—B magnet block is pressed to adhere the powder to the organic adhesive layer. Then, the method follows with a step of removing excess powder from the sintered Nd—Fe—B magnet block to form a uniform film. Then, the powder is diffused into the sintered Nd—Fe—B magnet is diffused into the sintered Nd—Fe—B magnet block to produce a diffused magnet block. Next, the method proceeds with aging the diffused magnet block.

Abstract: A substrate-cleaning apparatus includes a transmission unit, a wet cleaning unit and a dry cleaning unit. The transmission unit includes a movable clamp for clamping a substrate that includes a face without covering the face of the substrate. The wet cleaning unit includes a wiper and a liquid pump. The wiper includes a strip of cleaning cloth and an abutting element for pressing the cleaning cloth against the face of the substrate. The liquid pump sends cleaning liquid to the abutting element that in turn sends the cleaning liquid to the cleaning cloth when the abutting element presses the cleaning cloth against the face of the substrate. The dry cleaning unit includes a wiper comprising a strip of cleaning cloth for wiping dry the face of the substrate without leaving any water mark on the face.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for ion exchanging glass articles. Methods for ion exchanging glass articles include receiving processing instructions from one or more user input devices, loading a cassette containing a plurality of glass articles into a molten salt bath of one or more ion exchange stations automatically with a robotic lift based on the processing instructions, removing the cassette from the molten salt bath automatically with the robotic lift after a predetermined time based on the processing instructions, and rotating the cassette automatically to drain fluid of the molten salt bath from the cassette.

Abstract: A method of forming a near field transducer (NFT), the method including the steps of depositing a primary material; and implanting a secondary element, wherein both the primary material and the secondary element are chosen such that the primary material is densified via implantation of the secondary element.

Abstract: An oriented loading system is provided. The oriented loading system includes a substrate, a plurality of wells formed in the substrate, each well having a bottom and sidewalls, a plurality of particles loaded in the wells, wherein the particle comprises a core structure and an inner layer comprising magnetic material partially covering the core structure such that a part of the core structure uncovered by the inner layer is exposed, and a metal layer comprising magnetic material deposited partially in the sidewalls of the wells, wherein the inner layer is attracted by the metal layer such that the exposed core structure is oriented towards the bottom of the well or the inner layer is oriented towards the bottom of the well.

Abstract: To provide a rare earth magnet ensuring excellent magnetic anisotropy while reducing the amount of Nd, etc., and a manufacturing method thereof. A rare earth magnet comprising a crystal grain having an overall composition of (R2(1-x)R1x)yFe100-y-w-z-vCowBzTMv (wherein R2 is at least one of Nd, Pr, Dy and Tb, R1 is an alloy of at least one or two or more of Ce, La, Gd, Y and Sc, TM is at least one of Ga, Al, Cu, Au, Ag, Zn, In and Mn, 0<x<1, y=12 to 20, z=5.6 to 6.5, w=0 to 8, and v=0 to 2), wherein the average grain size of the crystal grain is 1,000 nm or less, the crystal grain consists of a core and an outer shell, the core has a composition of R1 that is richer than R2, and the outer shell has a composition of R2 that is richer than R1.

Abstract: An R—Fe—B base sintered magnet is provided comprising a main phase containing an HR rich phase of (R?, HR)2(Fe,(Co))14B wherein R? is an element selected from yttrium and rare earth elements exclusive of Dy, Tb and Ho, and essentially contains Nd, and HR is an element selected from Dy, Tb and Ho, and a grain boundary phase containing a (R?, HR)—Fe(Co)-M1 phase in the form of an amorphous phase and/or nanocrystalline phase, the (R?, HR)—Fe(Co)-M1 phase consisting essentially of 25-35 at % of (R?, HR), 2-8 at % of M1 which is at least one element selected from Si, Al, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Pt, Au, Hg, Pb, and Bi, up to 8 at % of Co, and the balance of Fe. The HR rich phase has a higher HR content than the HR content of the main phase at its center. The magnet produces a high coercivity despite a low content of Dy, Tb and Ho.

Abstract: A high-barrier film is provided that includes a biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, a cross-linked acrylic primer layer, and a metal barrier layer. The cross-linked acrylic primer layer is adjacent to the second side of the PET layer and has a dynamic coefficient of friction (?D) to steel of less than about 0.45, while the metal barrier layer is adjacent to the first side of the PET layer. The film has a total thickness of less than or equal to about 12 ?m. Processes for producing the high-barrier film are also provided.