Abstract: Methods of making and compositions of dense sintered ceramic nano- and micro-composite materials that are highly stable in a variety of conditions and exhibit superior toughness and strength. Liquid feed flame spray pyrolysis techniques form a plurality of nanoparticles (e.g., powder), each having a core region including a first metal oxide composition comprising Ce and/or Zr or other metals and a shell region including a second metal oxide composition comprising Al or other metals. In certain aspects, the core region comprises a partially stabilized tetragonal ZrO2 and the shell region comprises an ?-Al2O3 phase. The average actual density of the ceramic after sintering is greater than 50% and up to or exceeding 90% of a theoretical density of the ceramic.

Abstract: Coloring particles contain a dye and a polymeric dispersant, and particles of the dye are coated on their surface with the polymeric dispersant. The average particle size of the coloring particles is in a range of 10 nm to 80 nm, inclusive, and the dye content is in a range of 60% by mass to 90% by mass, inclusive. The polymeric dispersant is insoluble in water of pH 6.0 to 8.0, inclusive, and the dye has a solubility parameter of equation (1) equal to or larger than 9.20 in water of pH 6.0 to 11.0, inclusive.

Abstract: The present invention deals with an alternative interfacial polymerization process of microencapsulation, microcapsule's produced thereof, microencapsulated agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, catalysts and phase transfer materials, and formulations thereof, by means of microcapsules and starting materials with much lower toxicological profile than customary microencapsulation materials, and with the participation of acetylene carbamide derivatives in the final structure of the microcapsules' wall.

Abstract: To provide a process for producing a surface modified lithium-containing composite oxide, which is excellent in discharge capacity, volume capacity density, safety, durability for charge and discharge cycles and an excellent rate property, at a low production cost. The present invention is characterized in that a process for producing a surface modified lithium-containing composite oxide, wherein a lithium titanium composite oxide is contained in the surface layer of particles of a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the formula: LipNxMyOzFa, where N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn and Ni, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Sn, alkaline earth metal elements and transition metal elements other than Co, Mn and Ni, 0.9?p?1.3, 0.9?x?2.0, 0?y?0.1, 1.9?z?4.2, and 0?a?0.

Abstract: A polymer-coated particulate material having: a particulate substrate; and an applied compound, wherein the applied compound coats at least 50% of the surface of the particulate substrate, and wherein, at the time of application, the applied compound includes a dispersion including: a thermoplastic polymer; and a stabilizing compound. In another aspect, embodiments disclosed herein relate to a method of forming a polymer-coated particulate material, the method including the steps of: incorporating a particulate substrate and a dispersion, the dispersion comprising: a thermoplastic polymer; a stabilizing compound; and a dispersion medium selected from the group consisting of an organic solvent, water, and combinations thereof; removing at least a portion of the dispersion medium.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for forming hollow silica-based particles suitable for containing one or more active ingredients or for containing other smaller particles which may include one or more active ingredients. The method comprises preparing an emulsion including a continuous phase that is polar or non-polar and a dispersed phase comprising droplets including (i) a polar active ingredient when the continuous phase is non-polar or (ii) a non-polar active ingredient when the continuous phase is polar; and adding a silica precursor to the emulsion such that the silica precursor can be emulsion templated on the droplets to form hollow silica-based particles. The silica precursor has the general formula (I): R1x—Si—(OR2)y, wherein R1 is selected from substituted and unsubstituted alkyl, substituted and unsubstituted aryl, alcohols, amines, amides, aldehydes, acids, esters, and functional groups having an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, R2 is an alkyl group, x+y=4, and y=1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: According to a first aspect of the invention, a process is provided for the preparation of amorphous particles comprising a homogeneous distribution of one or more dyes encapsulated by an amorphous, siliceous encapsulating agent, the process comprising: (a) providing a precursor of the encapsulating agent in liquid form; (b) providing the one or more dyes in liquid form; (c) mixing the liquid forms; (d) aerosolizing the mixture to form droplets comprising the one or more dyes and encapsulating agent; and (e) heating the droplets to form the particles comprising the one or more dyes encapsulated by the siliceous encapsulating agent; wherein at least one of the liquid forms provided is aqueous and the or each aqueous liquid form is acidic. According to a second aspect of the invention, encapsulated dyes made by the process of the first aspect of the invention are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a class of small molecules, referred to as Small Peptide Sequences (SPS), that can stabilize biomolecules, particles containing the SPS and biomolecules, and compositions and methods of making the particles. The SPS are composed solely of amino acids common to humans and too small to trigger an immunological response (typically less than seven amino acids in total) and which will self assemble into particles sufficiently small to stay in liquid suspension at a first pH, typically a non-physiological pH, but which dissociate, releasing the biomolecule entrapped therein into solution, at a second pH, typically a physiological pH. The particles contain a SPS and a biomolecule, wherein the biomolecule is entrapped with the particle, immobilized on the surface of the particle, or combinations thereof. The particle releases the biomolecule upon contact with physiological fluids.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process for making solid, typically particulate, water-swellable material comprising coated water-swellable, preferably hydrogel-forming polymers, which are coated with a coating agent, which is such that it does not rupture when the polymers swell in a liquid, e.g., water or saline water. Hereto, the coating agent is extensible in wet state and comprises thereto a wet-extensible material that has a tensile stress at break in the wet state of at least 1 MPa. Typically, the coating agent comprises thereto an elastomeric polymeric material. The invention also relates to solid (particulate) water-swellable material obtainable by the process of the invention.

Abstract: A method of coating ultrahard abrasive particles having vitreophilic surfaces, or treated to render their surfaces vitreophilic, are coated with an oxide precursor material, which is then heat treated to dry and purify the coats. The heat treated, coated ultrahard abrasive particles are further treated to convert the coats to an oxide, nitride, carbide, oxynitride, oxycarbide, or carbonitride thereof, or an elemental form thereof, or a glass.

Abstract: Topical compositions containing pigment particles entrapped in microspheres are provided. Each of the microspheres contains a collapsed polymeric shell that has entrapped therein one or more pigment particles. The microsphere-entrapped pigment particles are characterized by enhanced color intensity, improved stability, and better dispersibility, which can readily be used either alone or in combination with other skin active ingredients to form better colored cosmetics.

Abstract: A method of producing nanoparticles comprises effecting conversion of a nanoparticle precursor composition to the material of the nanoparticles. The precursor composition comprises a first precursor species containing a first ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles and a separate second precursor species containing a second ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles. The conversion is effected in the presence of a molecular cluster compound under conditions permitting seeding and growth of the nanoparticles.

Abstract: A personal cleansing composition includes a surfactant, a thickener, emulsifier and at least one particulate dispersed in the thickener, the at least one particulate being formed of a substantially biodegradable substance. The at least one particular may include a soy meal based polymer. The soy meal based polymer is both stable and biodegradable. The at least one particulate includes a group of suspended particles added to mechanically scrub the skin of a user or used as a textural ingredient to modify the feel, spreadability or slip of a product. The soy meal based polymer is useful in personal cleansing compositions as an exfoliant, a scrub, a film former or as a filler. The half-life of the composition may be modified as necessary based on the shelf-life of the product.

Abstract: A titania composite and a preparing method thereof are provided. The titania composite comprises an inner core and a coating film layer, wherein the inner core is a barium sulfate crystal and/or a strontitum sulfate crystal with subsphaeroidal shape, having a particle size of less than 1 ?m and whiteness of more than 98%, and the coating film layer is nano rutile titania. The preparing method thereof comprises the following steps: (a) preparing barium sulfate or strontium sulfate; (b) coating treatment; (c) subjecting the titania composite to a high-temperature heat treatment; and (d) subjecting the titania composite to a post treatment. The subsphaeroidal titania composite is obtained by chemically synthesizing a subsphaeroidal submicron barium sulfide or strontium sulfide, and then hydrolyzing and coating thereon to form a coating film layer of titania to make titania grow evenly.

Abstract: Silica core-shell microparticles are prepared by growing a porous silica shell from a silica precursor onto the surface of non-porous silica particle dispersed in a mixed surfactant solution under basic pH conditions. The particles are hydrothermally treating in an oil-in-water emulsion system and the particles are calcined to remove residual surfactants. Optionally, the particles of may be base etched to expand the size of the pores in the silica shell. Core-shell silica particles with an ordered mesoporous layer are produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to proppants which can be used to prop open subterranean formation fractions. Proppant formulations are further disclosed which use one or more proppants of the present invention. Methods to prop open subterranean formation fractions are further disclosed. In addition, other uses for the proppants of the present invention are further disclosed, as well as methods of making the proppants.

Abstract: In various aspects provided are methods for producing a nanoparticle within a cross-linked, collapsed polymeric material. In various embodiments, the methods comprise (a) providing a polymeric solution comprising a polymeric material; (b) collapsing at least a portion of the polymeric material about one or more precursor moieties; (c) cross-linking the polymeric material; (d) modifying at least a portion of said precursor moieties to form one or more nanoparticles and thereby forming a composite nanoparticle.

Abstract: A method of producing nanoparticles comprises effecting conversion of a nanoparticle precursor composition to the material of the nanoparticles. The precursor composition comprises a first precursor species containing a first ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles and a separate second precursor species containing a second ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles. The conversion is effected in the presence of a molecular cluster compound under conditions permitting seeding and growth of the nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method of making encapsulated chromonic nanoparticles includes exposing crosslinked chromonic nanoparticles to an acid selected from the group consisting of carbonic acid, phosphoric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, boric acid, sulfuric acid, and mixtures thereof in the presence of water to encapsulate the crosslinked nanoparticles in a shell comprising a complex comprising the chromonic material, the multivalent cations, and the acid anions.

Abstract: A method for controlling a particle diameter and a particle diameter distribution of emulsion particles during manufacturing of an emulsion dispersion is provided. The method includes causing two or more types of liquids substantially immiscible with each other to continuously and sequentially pass through net bodies. The net bodies are disposed in a cylindrical flow passage at intervals of 5 to 200 mm, and the number of the net bodies is more than 50 and 200 or less. Each of the net bodies is equivalent to a gauze having a mesh number of 35 mesh to 4000 mesh in accordance with an ASTM standard and has a surface that intersects the direction of the flow passage. An emulsification apparatus used for the method includes a feed pump for feeding two or more types of liquids substantially immiscible with each other; and a cylindrical flow passage to which the two or more types of liquids fed by the feed pump are delivered.

Abstract: The invention relates to microcapsules made of a core which contains at least one rubber additive and of a shell made of a first polymer. At least one coating made of a second polymer, which differs from the first polymer, and/or of a low molecular inorganic or organic compound, is deposited on the surface of the microcapsules as sliding or wearing layer in order to reduce the static friction.

Abstract: A process for encapsulating a metal hydride within a hollow glass sphere is provided. The process includes providing a hollow glass sphere, the hollow glass sphere having a shell enclosing an inner volume. The hollow glass sphere is placed within an enclosed chamber and the chamber is evacuated such that a negative pressure is present therewithin. The hollow glass sphere within the evacuated enclosed chamber is subjected to an external element such that the shell affords for molecules to diffuse therethrough. In some instances, the external element is heat, infrared light and combinations thereof. Thereafter, a metal hydride is provided in the form of a vapor and the evacuated enclosed chamber with the hollow glass sphere is exposed to metal hydride vapor and molecules of the metal hydride diffuse through the shell into the inner volume.

Abstract: Methods for functionalizing the surface of nanomaterials to improve processing and product manufacturing. These methods are useful for oxides, nitrides, carbides, borides, metals, alloys, chalcogenides, and other compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a heat storage material that contains heat storage capsules. The heat storage capsules include a phase change material that absorbs and/or discharges latent heat in response to a change in temperature. The phase change material resides within outer shells of the heat storage capsules. The method involves binding abutting peripheral portions of a plurality of heat storage capsules with a molding binder, so as to form an intermediate granular molded heat storage material. An outer peripheral surface portion of the granular molded heat storage material is coated with a coating binder. The coated granular molded heat storage material is then subjected to a treatment that causes the coating binder of the coating layer to polymerize. The invention also relates to heat storage adsorbent materials, and articles (e.g., canisters) that include such heat storage adsorbent materials.

Abstract: Superabsorbent material, comprising first superabsorbent polymers, coated with second clay-crosslinked superabsorbent polymers, said second clay-crosslinked superabsorbent polymers being obtainable by the step of polymerization of a solution/dispersion of polymerizable compounds and clay particles, to obtain said second superabsorbent polymers, crosslinked by said clay particles, of a weight average largest particle dimension of less than 800 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a microcapsule containing a phase change material, comprising: a first encapsulation stage comprising adding a phase change material of 3-50% to a surfactant-containing solution of 0.1-10 wt% of water, adding a first monomer of 10-40%by weight of the phase change material to the solution so as to form an emulsified mixture, and adding an initiator of 0.005-1.0 wt% to the mixture, followed by polymerization; and a second encapsulation stage comprising adding a second monomer of 20-50% by weight of the phase change material, and adding an aldehyde- or dEsocyanate-containing compound of 30-500% by weight of the second monomer, followed by crosslinking. The microcapsule includes two coating layers for protecting the phase change material, so that the phase change material present within the microcapsule does not leak to the outside.

Abstract: The instant invention is a coated polymeric particulate, and a process for coating a polymeric particulate. The coated polymeric particulate includes a polymeric particulate; and a coating composition present on at least a portion of at least one surface of the polymeric particulate. The coating includes an interconnected media; and at least one discrete island at least partially embedded in the interconnected media. The process for coating a polymeric particulate includes the following steps: (1) selecting a polymeric particulate; (2) selecting an aqueous dispersion comprising (a) a small particle component, wherein the small particle component comprises a polyolefin polymer having an average particle size in the range of 0.02 to 0.15 ?m; (b) a large particle component, wherein the large particle component comprises a polyolefin polymer having an average particle size in the range of 0.3 to 0.

Abstract: A process for producing a microparticulate hardening catalyst, comprising the steps of jetting a liquid composition containing epoxy resin hardening catalyst (A), monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group (B) and photopolymerization initiator (C) through a minute nozzle into a gas so as to form microparticles; and while the microparticles are floating, irradiating the same with high-energy rays to thereby effect polymerization of the monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group (B).

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, a method of modifying the surface of silica nanopowder by a spray heating process is provided. In the method, surface characteristics of silica nanopowder are modified from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. A colloidal suspension including silica nanopowder and a surface modifier which are dissolved in ethanol is sprayed and thermally dried so that the surface characteristics of silica nanopowder are modified by the surface modifier coated on the surface of silica nanopowder. In the method, silica nanopowder surfaces are modified from hydrophilic to hydrophobic by controlling concentration and type of a surface modifier and heating temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for microencapsulation of active ingredients for topical application, whereby double-layer and triple-layer microcapsules are obtained. The microcapsules protect the active ingredients, maintain their original activity throughout processing, formulation and storage, and enable controlled release of the active ingredient only upon application onto the skin.

Abstract: A composition and a method for fabricating microcapsules encapsulating phase-change material by interfacial condensation polymerization are provided. In this composition and method, a surfactant and an organic solvent are not needed.

Abstract: Compositions comprising at least one type of carbon nanotube, at least one surfactant, and at least one polymer are disclosed. The compositions provide stable fluorescence over a wide range of pH in various embodiments. In some embodiments, the compositions are biocompatible. Methods for preparing the compositions from at least one pre-formed polymer are disclosed. Methods for preparing the compositions from at least one monomer are disclosed. Heating methods utilizing the compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a silicone-acrylic impact modifier having multi-layer structure and a thermoplastic resin composition containing the same, more precisely a silicone-acrylic impact modifier which is composed of i) silicone rubber seed containing one or more vinyl copolymers; ii) acrylic rubber core covering the seed; and iii) a shell containing one or more vinyl copolymers covering the acrylic rubber core, and a thermoplastic resin composition containing the same. The thermoplastic resin having the silicone-acrylic impact modifier of the present invention has improved impact resistance and colorability.

Abstract: A method of producing nanoparticles comprises effecting conversion of a nanoparticle precursor composition to the material of the nanoparticles. The precursor composition comprises a first precursor species containing a first ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles and a separate second precursor species containing a second ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles. The conversion is effected in the presence of a molecular cluster compound under conditions permitting seeding and growth of the nanoparticles.

Abstract: Amorphous metal oxide thin film is produced by removing through oxygen plasma treatment the organic component from an organics/metal oxide composite thin film having thoroughly dispersed therein such organic component at molecular scale. This ensures production of amorphous metal oxide thin film with low density and excellent thickness precision.

Abstract: Disclosed are porous-shell particles, methods of making the particles, and uses thereof. In one aspect, the porous-shell particles are superficially porous particles.

Abstract: Silicone elastomer spherical particles having a volume mean particle size of 0.1-100 ?m are coated with a polyorganosilsesquioxane and washed with alcohol or a mixture of alcohol and water. The coated fine particles are water repellent so that they are non-dispersible in water and float on water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a material based on silver-carbon, that involves the steps of: (i) providing a suspension of carbon particles; and (ii) supplying a solution of a silver compound and of a reducing agent, such that a silver-containing precipitate is deposited onto the carbon particles, where the carbon particles have a mean diameter of 200 nm or greater. The invention further relates to a material obtainable by this process and to the use of the material in circuit breakers for low-voltage power engineering.

Abstract: A process for the production or coating of granules in a fluidized bed, which includes heating a fluidized-bed gas to produce the fluidized bed, and applying a liquid medium containing a granule-forming or coating-forming compound, or at least one reaction component therefore, by spraying particles located in the fluidized bed and at a same time vaporizing an organic solvent contained in the liquid medium, said particles having a smaller mean diameter than that of particles to be produced. The process also includes partial condensation of an organic solvent from at least a portion of a fluidized-bed waste gas leaving the fluidized bed, and re-heating the fluidized bed-gas leaving the condensation device and reintroducing the re-heated gas into the fluidized bed.

Abstract: An aqueous microcapsule suspension liquid exhibiting an excellent (long-term) storage stability and allowing easy re-dispersion and dilution with water even after such a storage, is produced by adding a microorganism-fermented polysaccharide of succinoglycan type as a thickening agent into a microcapsule slurry, or by adding such a microorganism-fermented polysaccharide as a thickening agent to a microcapsule slurry after uniform dilution with water.

Abstract: Microspheres, populations of microspheres, and methods for forming microspheres are provided. One microsphere configured to exhibit fluorescent and magnetic properties includes a core microsphere and a magnetic material coupled to a surface of the core microsphere. About 50% or less of the surface of the core microsphere is covered by the magnetic material. The microsphere also includes a polymer layer surrounding the magnetic material and the core microsphere. One population of microspheres configured to exhibit fluorescent and magnetic properties includes two or more subsets of microspheres. The two or more subsets of microspheres are configured to exhibit different fluorescent and/or magnetic properties. Individual microspheres in the two or more subsets are configured as described above.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for impregnating a support matrix with solid and/or liquid compounds using a compressed gas or a compressed mixture of gases at densities ranging from 0.15 to 1.3 kg/l and at least two unsymmetrical pressure changes (pulsations). The method is further characterized in that both a multitude of impregnating substances such as biologically active compounds, technical materials or metal-organic compounds, as well as support matrices of biological origin and organic or inorganic substances can be used that have large inner surfaces and/or inner surfaces that are difficult to access.

Abstract: A process for producing a water-absorbent resin particle comprising subjecting a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer to a reverse phase suspension polymerization, characterized in that the process for producing a water-absorbent resin particle comprises the steps of (A) subjecting the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer to a first-step reverse phase suspension polymerization in a hydrocarbon-based solvent using a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator in the presence of a surfactant and/or a polymeric protective colloid, and optionally an internal crosslinking agent; (B) carrying out at least one step of the procedures of adding an aqueous solution of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator and optionally an internal crosslinking agent to a reaction mixture after the termination of the first-step reverse phase suspension polymerization in a state that the surfactant and/or the polymeric protective colloid is

Abstract: The invention relates to nanoparticles, in particular surface-modified nanoparticles, having an average particle size, determined by means of particle correlation spectroscopy (PCS) or transmission electron microscope, in the range from 3 to 50 nm, dispersed in an organic solvent, characterised in that they are obtainable by a process in which one or more precursors of the nanoparticles are reacted with a compound M3?x[O3?xSiR1+x] in an organic solvent to give the nanoparticles, where x stands for an integer selected from 0, 1 or 2, M stands for H, Li, Na or K, and all R each, independently of one another, stand for a branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 28 C atoms, in which one or more C atoms may be replaced by O, and to the use thereof for UV protection in polymers.

Abstract: A method for the production of a robust, chemically stable, crystalline, passivated nanoparticle and composition containing the same, that emit light with high efficiencies and size-tunable and excitation energy tunable color. The methods include the thermal degradation of a precursor molecule in the presence of a capping agent at high temperature and elevated pressure. A particular composition prepared by the methods is a passivated silicon nanoparticle composition displaying discrete optical transitions.

Abstract: To provide hollow fine particles having a refractive index suppressed and having excellent alkali resistance, a production process thereof, a coating composition with which a coating film having an antireflection effect and excellent alkali resistance can be formed, and an article which can maintain a high antireflection effect for a long period of time. Hollow fine particles containing SiO2 as the main component and containing Zr, wherein the Zr content (as calculated as ZrO2) is from 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing an injectable composition of microparticles for the sustained release of a biologically active agent. The microparticles include a biocompatible polymer and a biologically active agent. The invention provides an improved process for the preparation of microparticles, wherein the physical characteristics of the microparticles, for example, the morphology, density and size, are independent of the process used to prepare the initially formed polymer/drug matrix. The method includes the steps of (a) providing a polymer/biologically active agent matrix; (b) compressing the polymer/biologically active agent matrix, thereby forming a compressed matrix; and (c) fragmenting the compressed matrix, thereby forming an injectable microparticle composition. The polymer/drug matrix can be provided by any suitable method.

Abstract: To provide hydrophobized silicon oxide-coated metal oxide particles excellent in dispersibility in fluororesins, durability to fluorinated compounds and ultraviolet-shielding properties, and further provide a fluororesin film excellent in transparency, weather resistance and ultraviolet-shielding properties.

Abstract: A dispersion of carbon nanoparticles is prepared by monodispersing carbon nanoparticles in water droplets of a reverse micelle solution in which the water droplets are coated with amphiphilic molecules and dispersed in an organic solvent. In a method of preparing the dispersion of carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanoparticles and a monodispersion function material, e.g., ammonia, for imparting a polarity to surfaces of the carbon nanoparticles are added to the reverse micelle solution. The solution is then stirred, so that the carbon nanoparticles whose surfaces have the polarity are monodispersed in the water droplets of the reverse micelle solution. Further, a metal alkoxide is added to the solution and then stirring them, so that the surfaces of the carbon nanoparticles are coated with oxide of the metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aminoplast-membrane single-core or multi-core microcapsules whose core is comprised of at least two organic and/or inorganic compounds. The invention also relates to methods of preparing said microcapsules.