Abstract: Tubes partly filled with a blend of two or more metals in powder form and containing loose hard bodies are subject to linear and oscillating motion; under the impact of the bodies knocking against each other, the metals alloy together mechanically and form a patterned amorphous coating on the surface of the clashing bodies.

Abstract: Fine metal alloy powders coated with a protective film are disclosed which re produced by the gas atomization process. The protective films are formed during the gas atomization process by gas atomizing a molten mixture of a metal alloy containing an alloy addition agent in an atomizing gas which will selectively react with the alloy addition agent to form a thin protective film on the surface of the metal powder.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for ceramic-ceramic composite powders including the steps of; forming a suspension by mixing an inorganic powder having a cation-exchange property with a solution containing one or more metal ions to conduct ion exchange with the metal ions on the surface of the inorganic powder; adding to the suspension a precipitant-forming material which releases an anion in a solution when heated or pressurized; heating or pressurizing the suspension to release the anion which reacts with the metal ions to thereby precipitate metal hydroxides, metal basic salts or metallic salts on the surface of the inorganic powder; and thereafter heating the inorganic powder with the resultant precipitates to convert the precipitates into metal oxides. Metal-ceramic composite powders are manufactured by reducing the above metal oxides on the surface of the inorganic powder to metal. In the composite powders any arbitrary amount of metal oxides or metal is supported on the surface of the inorganic powder.

Abstract: In a process for treating the surface of metal objects the surface is heated in the presence of (i) an amine compound having at least one functionally substituted group and (ii) at least one 1,2-dihydroxy benzene derivative providing and electrically conductive and oxidation resistant metal surface. The metal objects include metal particles constituting a metal powder which after treatment is storable and directly usable in electronics applications.

Abstract: Superabrasive grits such as diamond or CBN is chemically bonded with a coating such as tungsten which is in turn bonded to a tool body providing superabrasive cutting tools such as saw blades, grinding wheels, drill bits and the like.

Abstract: A method for producing lightweight silver-nickel composite electrodes by(1) infiltrating a graphite fiber plaque with a suspension of finely divi nickel powder in an aqueous solution of AgNO.sub.3 ;(2) drying the graphite fiber plaque to produce a coating of AgNO.sub.3 crystals and nickel particles on the surfaces of the graphite fibers;(3) heating the coated graphite fiber plaque at a temperature about the melting point of AgNO.sub.3 but below the decomposition temperature of AgNO.sub.3 until the AgNO.sub.3 melts and wets the nickel particles and the surfaces of the graphite fibers; and(4) heating the molten AgNO.sub.3 coated graphite fiber plaque at a temperature from the decomposition temperature of AgNO.sub.3 to about 600.degree. C. until the AgNO.sub.3 decomposes to form a thin uniform silver metal coating over the nickel particles and the surfaces of the graphite fibers.The silver-nickel particle coated graphite plaques is electrochemically treated to convert the silver to silver active material (Ag.

Abstract: An improved method of diffusion coating a workpiece, such as ferritic tubing employing a ceramic carrier provided with a diffusion composition. The diffusion composition includes a diffusion element such as chromium, silicon, aluminum, and boron. The carrier is subjected to an elevated diffusion temperature in a controlled environment to diffusion coat either the external or internal surface of the workpiece.

Abstract: A process for the continuous production of cobalt-modified magnetic iron oxide. This process comprises carrying out a batchwise preliminary cobalt treatment by adding a magnetic iron oxide powder to an alkaline solution followed by the addition of a cobalt salt to cover the magnetic iron oxide powder with cobalt. A cobalt modification reaction is carried out continuously by passing the solution containing the preliminary cobalt-treated magnetic iron oxide powder under heat and pressure through a flow-type reaction vessel.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method for the preparation of red colored magnetic particles for multicomponent toner compositions which are highly conductive and therefore suitable for use as developers in high speed electrophotographic copy machines embodying magnetic brush development. Suitable magnetic core metal particles are provided which are subsequently coated with finely divided particles of copper oxide (CuO). The copper oxide coating is then reduced in-situ on the surface of the core particle to provide an electrically conductive core particle uniformly coated with adherent metallic copper, which particle is of a red color.The present invention also provides a method for controlling and adjusting the electrical conductivity and color of toner materials as a function of the amount of metallic copper deposited on the surface of the magnetic core materials.

Abstract: Finely divided silicon carbide materials, particularly powders, whiskers and short fibers, are provided with a titanium nitride surface coating by the process of (i) placing a low carbon diffusivity layer atop the silicon carbide, (ii) placing a titanium metal coating atop the low carbon diffusivity layer, and (iii) nitriding the titanium metal.

Abstract: Aluminum-coated ammonium perchlorate is prepared in an apparatus consisting f a four-opening reaction flask (which serves as a vacuum chamber). The reaction flask is fitted with an electrically-heated tungsten helix coil (for vaporizing the aluminum), a mercury diffusion pump, a mechanical vacuum pump, a dry ice-acetone-cooled trap, and a McLeod pressure-measurement gage. The heater electrodes are submitted through two of the openings; reduced pressure operation is maintained through the third opening, and the aluminum is fed through the fourth opening. The reaction flask is operated at approximately 10 Torr. A magnetic stirrer permits the ammonium perchlorate to be vaporized onto the surface of the ammonium perchlorate after the melted aluminum on the tungsten helix coil is subsequently vaporized from the tungsten helix coil.

Abstract: A process for silver coating superconducting ceramic powder by(1) coating the superconducting ceramic powder particles with AgNO.sub.3 ;(2) melting the AgNO.sub.3 so that it wets and forms a uniform coating over the surfaces of the particles; and(3) decomposing the AgNO.sub.3 to form a thin, uniform coating of silver metal on the surfaces of the particles.The product is a loose powder of the superconducting ceramic particles which are uniformly coated with silver metal. The powder can be cold worked (e.g., swaged, forged, etc.) to form superconducting structures such as rods or wires.

Abstract: A method of electroless deposition of gold from a solution onto ceramic oxide superconducting particles is characterized by the steps: (1) adding gold chloride to organic solvent-optional reducing agent for the gold chloride to provide a gold solution, (2) mixing the ceramic oxide superconducting particles with the gold solution, to provide a suspension, (3) optionally adding reducing agent for the gold chloride, (4) stirring and heating the suspension to deposit a layer of gold metal on the particles, and (5) separating the particles.

Abstract: An iron base powder mixture for powder metallurgy, comprising an iron based powder and an alloying powder and/or a powder for improving machinability, wherein the alloying powder and/or the powder for improving machinability are adhered to the surface of the ferrous powder by means of a melted-together binder composed of an oil and a metal soap or wax.

Abstract: The sintered sliding material according to the present invention consists of from 0.1 to 10% by of graphite, from 1 to 7% by of alumina, and balance of copper, and occasionally at least one member selected from the group consisting of from 1 to 10% of Sn and from 1 to 30% of Pb, and/or not more than 1% of P, and includes the alumina dispersed in the copper matrix. The alumina is held by the copper matrix so that the particles of alumina are not separated from the material during sliding under a boundary lubricating condition.

Abstract: A composite is produced comprised of ceramic oxide fibrous material which is coated with a noble metal and disposed in a ceramic oxide matrix. The composite can be produced by contacting the coated fibrous material with matrix-forming oxide powder to form a compact and densifying the compact. Densification can be carried out by techniques such as sintering, isostatic pressing, and hot pressing. The composite can also be produced by forming the coated fibrous material into a preform having an open porosity and infiltrating the preform with a vapor of the matrix-forming material.

Abstract: Carriers for a two-component dry developer are based on a ferrite or iron-containing core which carries a metal oxide layer consisting of reaction products deposited in the gas phase.The carriers according to the invention have abrasion-resistant metal oxide layers which permit electrostatic charging in both directions. By adjusting the thickness of the metal oxide layer, the electrical conductivity can be altered.

Abstract: A composite is produced comprised of ceramic oxide fibrous material which is coated with a noble metal and disposed in a polycrystalline ceramic oxide matrix.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of forming a ferrite film on particulate and/or fibrous substrate by adding an oxidizer solution and a ferrous ion solution to a deoxidized solution containing particulate and/or fibrous substrates to form a thin ferrite film on the particulate and/or fibrous substrates, wherein an addition amount of the ferrous ion solution is controlled such that an oxidation-reduction potential of the deoxidized solution keeps approximately a center point between the oxidation side and the reduction side, when a pH value of the dioxidized solution is adjusted to a constant value between pH 6 and 10.

Abstract: A method of making activated carbon microspherules including kneading activated carbon particles of a size below 100 .mu.m, together with a dispersion of a water-insoluble synthetic resin to form an intimate mixture; pressing the mixture through a screen having holes related to the size of the desired microspherules; powdering the pressed material; and granulating and drying the resulting microspherules.

Abstract: High strength composite fibers are disclosed comprising a core, e.g., of carbon or the like, and a thin and uniform, firmly adherent electrically conductive layer of an electrodepositable metal, e.g., of nickel or the like. The composite fiber can be produced by electrodeposition from an electrolyte onto the core but the procedure must use external voltages high enough both (i) dissociate the metal at the core and (ii) to mucleate the metal through the boundary layer into direct contact with the core. Such composite fibers are chopped to shortened lengths to provide chaff, which is effective as a radar countermeasure.

Abstract: A method of making metal carbide, nitride, or boride powders and mixtures thereof by direct reduction of metal compounds comprises (a) forming a reactant mixture, (b) heating the reactant mixture to temperatures that cause solid reactants to vaporize and above which the metal precursor compounds are reduced, (c) passing the heated reactant mixture through a converging-diverging nozzle designed to reduce the temperature of the mixture to a temperature and for a time sufficient for further product species to form and for nuclei to form and grow by condensation to form the product powders, and (d) exhausting the mixture and product powders from the nozzle into an expansion chamber.

Abstract: A structure of a cellular carbon foam with metallic plating on the interior surfaces of its cells which structure may include other interior coatings such as rubber or similar compounds and the method for producing same.

Abstract: An improved silver-coated copper-based powder which is characterized by extraordinary stability, in terms of electroconductivity, when the powder is utilized with organic resin to form electroconductive compositons. The powder is made by subjecting it to an intensive heat treatment after the silver is coated thereon.

Abstract: Metallic coated particles are disclosed which comprise a core consisting essentially of a material selected from the group consisting of metals, metal alloys, ceramics, ceramic glasses, and a coating relatively uniformly distributed on the core. The coating consists essentially of a relatively ductile and/or malleable metallic material selected from the group consisting of metals and metal alloys. The process for producing the coated particles involves increasing the aspect ratio of the ductile and/or malleable material, and mechanically applying it to a powder material which is to be the core of the particles.

Abstract: The mechanical burning rate accelerators, e.g., graphite linters or alumi whiskers, which are employed to enhance the burning rate of solid propellants are modified by depositing specks of metal selected from the group of metals consisting of iron, vanadium, or palladium on the graphite linters or aluminum whiskers. An increase in burning rate of the propellant composition is achieved when the modified mechanical burning rate accelerators in an approximately equal percentage by weight is substituted for the unmodified graphite linters or aluminum whiskers in the propellant composition. During the propellant burning the specks of metal generate localized hot spots of heat which is graphite linters or aluminum whiskers conduct into the propellant and thereby produces the increase in burning rate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are plate-like barium ferrite particles with a solid solution of zinc on the surface thereof, which have an average particle diameter of 0.05 to 0.3 .mu.m, a coercive force of 300 to 1,500 Oe and a magnetization of not less than 55 emu/g in magnetic field of 10 KOe, and which are represented by the following formula (I):BaO.multidot.n[(Fe.sub.1-2x Co.sub.x Ti.sub.x).sub.2 O.sub.3 ](I)wherein x is 0 to 0.1 and n is from 4 to 11, the molar ratio of Ti to Co being 1, and a process for producing the plate-like barium ferrite particles.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for coating tungsten carbide with cobalt metal. The process involves forming an aqueous slurry of tungsten carbide having a particle size of no greater than about -100 mesh, and zinc powder, adding ammonia to the slurry in an amount sufficient so that the slurry is basic after the addition of cobalt chloride, adding a solution of cobalt chloride to the ammoniated slurry with the amount of cobalt chloride being sufficient to provide a coating of partially reduced cobalt on the tungsten carbide, removing this cobalt coated tungsten carbide from the resulting liquor, and heating the coated tungsten carbide in a reducing atmosphere to effect the essentially complete reduction of the cobalt and to produce a cobalt metal coating on the tungsten carbide.

Abstract: A battery element useful as at least a portion of the positive plates of a lead-acid battery comprises an acid resistant substrate coated with electrically conductive doped tin oxide. This battery element may also be used in the bipolar plates of a lead-acid battery.

Abstract: The present invention provides a copper powder for use in a conductive paste which allows the paste to possess excellent initial electrical conductivity, thermal resistance, and humidity resistance, and which enables the paste to maintain stable electrical conductivity for a long period of time. The copper powder of the present invention comprises a raw material copper powder; an anti-oxidization film comprising an organic acid salt of a higher aliphatic amine which is formed on the surface of the copper powder; and a surface film which comprises 0.2 to 10 parts by weight of a dispersing agent of a boron-nitrogen composite type and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one coupling agent of the group consisting of isopropyl-triisostearoyl-titanate and aceoalkoxy-aluminum-diisopropylate, relative to 100 parts by weight of the copper powder, and which is formed on the anti-oxidization film.

Abstract: A process is described in which hollow spheres or hollow-sphere composites (moldings) having high-strength walls are produced. Additional layers are applied to metallized spherical lightweight particles having a core of foamed polymer. In order to increase the strength of the wall of the spherical particle and the strength of the molding, metallized lightweight spherical particles having a metal wall thickness of 5 to 20 microns are treated (coated) with a dispersion of particulate metal or metal oxide or particulate ceramic or refractory material, the lightweight spherical particles coated in a thickness from 15 to 500 microns are dried, the dried particles are heated to a temperature of about 400.degree. C. to effect a pyrolysis of the polymer core, and the particles are subsequently sintered at a temperature from 900.degree. to 1400.degree. C.

Abstract: A fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder for dental glass ionomer cement, a surface of which is treated with a fluoride in an amount of from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the glass powder, is disclosed. The fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder of the invention is improved in not only physical properties such as crushing strength but also mixing workability without impairing the inherent characteristics thereof for the dental use.

Abstract: A method of producing metal-coated abrasive grain granules suitable for the manufacture of metal bonded diamond tools, by the steps of initially preparing a slurry of metal powder with a solution of an agglomerating binder dissolved in an organic solvent, agitating the slurry to homogenously suspend the metal powder therein, and spraying the slurry using an atomizing nozzle into a fluidized suspension of abrasive grains within a fluid bed granulator to progressively build and dry a uniform spherical coating of the slurry on each individual abrasive grain.

Abstract: A ferrophosphorus composition with improved conductivity and passivation resistance is prepared by treating ferrophosphorus particles with an aqueous solution containing a dilute mineral acid and ions of chromium and a metal selected from the group consisting of zinc, strontium, calcium, barium, lead or copper. In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of chromium and zinc ions in the solution is in the range of about 2 grams/liter to about 10 grams/liter, and the treatment time is from about 2 to about 6 minutes.The treated ferrophosphorus particles can be formulated in a suitable resin binder for use as corrosion resistant coatings, weldable coatings, EMI shielding coatings or electrically conductive coatings. The treated ferrophosphorus particles can also be used in powder metallurgy applications.

Abstract: A material provides protection against electrical overstress transients having rise times as rapid as a few nanoseconds or less. The material comprises a matrix formed of a mixture of separate particles of conductive materials and separate particles of semiconductor materials coated with insulating material to provide chains of the particles within the matrix with interparticle separation distances along the chains less than several hundred angstroms, thereby to permit quantum-mechanical tunneling of electrons between the separate particles in response to high energy electrical transients.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for preparing a homogenized mixture of fine powders of heterogeneous substances or of fine powder and a fibrous component or whiskers, for use as a starting material in the production of a composite metallic material or a composite ceramic material. The invention utilizes chemical vapor deposition which ensures extremely high permeation into narrow spaces in producing whiskers or fine particles, the reaction product of the chemical vapor deposition, in the gaps between individual particles of fine powder or forming coated layers of the reaction product on the surfaces of powder particles to obtain a homogenized mixture of the fine powder and the reaction product.

Abstract: An improved silver-coated copper-based powder which is characterized by extraordinary stability, in terms of electroconductivity, when the powder is utilized with organic resin to form electroconductive compositions. The powder is made by subjecting it to an intensive heat treatment after the silver is coated thereon.

Abstract: This invention provides a shaped, graded, cermet article comprising at least one continuous ceramic phase and at least one discontinuous metal phase, the ratio of ceramic/metal being controlled and varied over the thickness of the article. The ceramic phase preferably is microcrystalline.

Abstract: A nickel particle plating system in which a multiplicity of minute nickel particles are provided with gold and silver coatings and are deposited in a nonconductive matrix to form an electro-conductive body in which the particles may be placed along conductive paths. The coatings are applied to the particles in a unique manner which enables the realization of a gold coating having a maximum thickness of about 5 percent of the maximum particle dimension and a silver coating having a maximum thickness of about 10 percent of the maximum particle dimension.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing low density cermets of boron carbide and a metal binder, using decomposition of a metallic compound at controlled temperature and pressure.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing composite powder particles consisting essentially of a matrix phase and a reinforcement phase. The process involves entraining agglomerated particles in a carrier gas, the agglomerated particles consisting essentially of titanium diboride and particles of a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum based alloys. The agglomerated particles are fed through a high temperature zone having a temperature sufficient to allow the metal particles to melt, coalesce together, and encapsulate the titanium diboride particles. The metal is then resolidified, resulting in the formation of the composite powder particles wherein the matrix phase consists essentially of the metal and the reinforcement phase consists essentially of the titanium diboride particles.

Abstract: A material which is intended for use in sliding surface bearings comprises a metallic backing, a porous metallic substrate layer applied to said backing, and a PTFE-filler mixture, which completely fills the pores of the substrate layer and constitutes an antifriction layer. The bond strength between the antifriction layer and the substrate layer is improved by coating that surface of the substrate layer which faces the antifriction layer with a primer.

Abstract: A structure of bead-like material held together by a medium molded into a desired shape with interstices formed between the beads forming a useful structure which can be metallic-coated and method for producing same.

Abstract: A dispersion electroluminescence element comprising a fluorescent powder layer which is formed on a transparent electrode by coating process and a counter electrode facing said transparent electrode with said fluorescent powder layer interposed therebetween, characterized in that the fluorescent particles in the fluorescent material layer are coated with copper after forming the layer on the transparent electrode and then laminating the counter electrode thereon.

Abstract: A process for producing a silver coated copper powder, characterized in that a metal silver is precipitated on the surface of a metal copper powder by means of a silver complex solution comprising a silver salt, an ammonium carbonate compound and ammonia water as essential components.

Abstract: Electrically conductive microparticles characterized by high conductivity and low density are comprised of electrically nonconductive microballoons having an electrically conductive coating of a metal. When dispersed in an electrically nonconductive matrix, an electrically conductive composite material is formed in which the microparticles form a network of contacting particles throughout the matrix.

Abstract: Copper, lead, mercury, tin, gold, silver, palladium, osmium and/or cadmium can be deposited by photoredox reaction on semiconductor sulfide powders by irradiating a suspension of semiconductor sulfide powder in the presence of oxygen and optionally CO.sub.2, of an oxidizable system which optionally protects the semiconductor from photocorrosion, and of a salt or complex of copper, lead, mercury, tin, gold, silver, palladium, osmium and/or cadmium.

Abstract: Hydrophilic inorganic materials are provided with a hydrophobic surface by treatment with a metal glycolate compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: Me is Sn, Ti, Zr or Al;when Me is Sn, Ti or Zr, m is 1, and when Me is Al, m is 0;R is alkyl having from about eight to about fifty carbon atoms;X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of --R.sub.1, --OR.sub.1, --OCOR.sub.1, --SR.sub.1, --S(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOR.sub.1, --OSO.sub.2 --R.sub.1, --SR.sub.2 OCOR.sub.1, ##STR2## X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 can be combined to form ##STR3## R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; alkenyl having from three to about eighteen carbon atoms; cycloalkyl having from five to about eight carbon atoms; and aryl and alkaryl having from six to about eighteen carbon atoms;R.sub.2 is alkylene having from one to about fifty carbon atoms;R.sub.

Abstract: The invention primarily concerns a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, the adhesive layer of which is filled with glass microbubbles and has a dark appearance by virtue of the microbubbles having a thin-film coating having an average thickness from 0.05 to 30 nm. A preferred thin-film coating is silver which can be applied by sputtering or by vapor deposition, preferably to an average thickness of between 1 and 10 nm.

Abstract: The invention is a procedure and apparatus for coating the individual particles of solid bulk materials, which may be particulate products or multiple small objects, by chemical vapor deposition. The particles or small articles are vigorously agitated and moved along the length of a vibrating, bottom heated, enclosed trough with lesser heated side walls, while the uppermost layer of the moving materials is exposed to the vapor of a volatile heat-decomposable or heat-reactable coating compound.