Abstract: Article of manufacture comprises a solid core particle individually encapsulated with a film consisting essentially of alkyl 2-cyanoacrylate polymeric material. The film may be produced in situ by agitating a mixture of core particles having adsorbed water on the surfaces thereof in a nonaqueous liquid containing dissolved alkyl 2-cyanoacrylate monomer, whereby the monomer and adsorbed water react and deposit the film on the surfaces of the particles.

Abstract: Filler particles useful for filling organic resins such as polyethylene are produced by mixing a filler, such as calcium carbonate, with a halogenated polar polymer such as a halogenated ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer. The fillers of the invention impart improved physical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact strength to organic resins.

Abstract: A method is provided for propping a fracture in a subterranean formation which comprises injecting into a subterranean well a suspension in a carrier fluid of a pre-cured proppant charge, the pre-cured proppant charge being pre-cured prior to injection into the well, and comprising prior to injection into the well, resin coated sand particles most of which are composed of a single substrate particle with a thermoset resite coating thereon, the resite coating being one which, when it is the resin coating on sand particles of a proppant charge, produces a charge wherein at least one of: (a) the Conductivity Ratio thereof, throughout a given closure stress range, is greater than that of a charge of the uncoated sand particles having substantially the same particle size distribution; or (b) the Permeability Ratio thereof, throughout the stress range of about 2,000 to about 10,000 p.s.i.

Abstract: Carbon black pellets are covered with rubber to prevent dusting problems. In a process and apparatus for covering carbon black pellets with rubber the carbon black pellets are introduced into a coating chamber comprising a porous cylinder into which fluid rubber containing material is injected which material is picked up by the individual carbon black pellet while it is coated by this material.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for preparing a product containing particles individually coated with a cured, thermoset phenolic resin. The process comprises mixing particulate matter with an uncured resin and a lubricant at a temperature which causes curing of the resin. The product obtained by this process shows superior properties as a propping agent for treating subterranean formations.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing electroscopic marking particles comprising encapsulating an ink using an aqueous phase emulsion solution including an albumin stabilizer which becomes hydrophobic during processing to give relatively dry, non-tacky particles.

Abstract: Method of dedusting granules of agricultural micronutrient metal sulfates by coating the granules with a monomeric liquid, which is catalytically polymerizable by the metal sulfates, and contacting the dust particles with the coated granules while the monomeric liquid is polymerized through an adhesive stage to a hard dry coating which occludes substantially all of the dust particles on the surface of the granules. Aqueous methylol and methylene ureas, partially condensed urea-formaldehyde solutions containing some free urea, and cane molasses are effective monomeric liquids for dedusting sulfates, oxysulfates, and mixtures of micronutrient metals, including: zinc, manganese, iron, copper, and lead. The dedusting method is effective in improving the condition of the granules when a small amount of conditioner such as clay is added as a dust. The conditioner occluded on the surface of the granule provides an effective base for coloring the granules with dye solutions.

Abstract: A method for treating fine particles such as minerals and coal particles having surface moisture to reduce the cohesive strength of such particulate particles when frozen which comprises spraying the particles prior to freezing with an effective amount of a dilute aqueous solution of a water-soluble cationic polymer, which solution also contains a freezing point depressant amount of an anti-freeze chemical.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, there is also included in the aqueous solution of the freezing point depressant polymer solution from 1/2 to about 5% by weight of gelatin or hydrolyzed gelatin.

Abstract: A polymer reinforcing material, consisting of a particulate or filamentary mineral component having a thin polymer-interactive layer, averaging about 5-500 Angstrom in thickness, of silicon-free and heavy metal-free organic molecules chemically bonded to its surface by covalent bonding, when used in relatively small amounts in the range from 1 to 20 phr is capable of providing superior retention or increase of desirable polymer properties especially impact resistance, compared to the use of conventional reinforcement in the same polymer, while providing increased stiffness and retention of strength at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A method is disclosed which facilitates the handling of bulk cargos of minerals (particularly coal) agricultural and forest products and their unloading from a storage or shipping container. In accordance with the disclosed method the bulk material is coated with a release agent in a peripheral zone surrounding its mass in areas adjacent the interior wall surfaces of the container. To form such a zone of bulk material coated with release agent, that area of the bulk material is continuously sprayed or dusted with a release agent during loading. Preferably, the interior surfaces of the container are likewise coated with a release agent, either prior to loading or simultaneous with the coating of the bulk material during loading.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an improved process for treating steel carrier core surfaces which comprises providing a steel carrier core composition, oxidizing in the air stream the surface of the carrier core at a temperature of from about 500 degrees Fahrenheit to about 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit, adding water to the air stream prior to accomplishing the oxidation reaction, at a partial pressure of water in excess of 20 millimeters of mercury, thereby resulting in carrier cores having a resistance of from about 10.sup.5 ohm-cm to about 10.sup.12 ohm-cm.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprises a substrate and a magnetic recording layer formed thereon and which is made of a magnetic coating material consisting essentially of a magnetic powder dispersed in a binder, the coating material containing a titanium coupling agent. The magnetic powder is coated with the coupling agent or is mixed with the agent and then dispersed in the binder. The binder is prepared by mixing and plasticizing a radiation-sensitive modified resin with a radiation-sensitive soft resin and subjecting the mixture to radiation cross-linking and polymerization. Process for producing the medium comprises coating the magnetic particles with the titanium coupling agent, blending the coated particles with the binder to form a magnetic coating material, and then applying the material to the substrate.

Abstract: The method according to the invention is based upon that the mineral filler, before being mixed with thermoplastic polymer, is coated with a thin layer of liquid ethylene oxide oligomer, optionally in presence of a solvent and then the solvent is evaporated at temperature 50.degree. to 200.degree. C.By the method according to the invention, a product with much better useful properties is obtained. The product is useful in the plastics industry.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for coating chopped strand of glass fiber with a thermosetting resin in an individually separated state which comprises dispersing chopped strand of glass fiber impregnated with a solution of thermosetting resin into an aqueous medium and then carrying out a removal of solvent. By this process, a pellet-formed glass fiber base material thickly coated with said thermosetting resin and free from filamentation and fuzzy of glass fiber can be obtained by a simple procedure.

Abstract: A fast curing shell molding composition having the tensile strength of a conventional novolac resin when cured contains a fast curing novolac resin comprising a methylene chained polyphenylol wherein a major portion of the methylene linkages are coupled to adjacent phenylol groups at the o-o' and p-p' position, wherein at least about 19% of the methylene linkages are coupled to adjacent phenylol groups at the o-o' portions, and wherein at least about 3% of the total number of methylene linkages are coupled to adjacent phenylol groups at the p-p' positions. The shell molding composition is produced from the fast curing novolac resin by uniformly coating refractory granules with the fast curing resin. The fast curing novolac resin can be prepared by blending a conventional novolac resin with a novolac resin having a large proportion of methylene linkages coupled to adjacent phenylol groups at the o-o' position.

Abstract: In a process for producing a refractory metal carbide grade powder, a metal carbide powder is heated above melting point of a wax prior to forming a blended mixture of metal carbide and wax which is subsequently milled with a metal binder in liquid milling medium incompatible with the wax and the mixture is dried to form a powder.

Abstract: A fast curing shell molding composition having the tensile strength of a conventional novolac resin when cured contains a fast curing novolac resin comprising a methylene chained polyphenylol wherein a major portion of the methylene linkages are coupled to adjacent phenylol groups of the o-o' and p-p' position, wherein at least about 19% of the methylene linkages are coupled to adjacent phenylol groups at the o-o' portions, and wherein at least about 3% of the total number of methylene linkages are coupled to adjacent phenylol groups at the p-p' positions. The shell molding composition is produced from the fast curing novolac resin by uniformly coating refractory granules with the fast curing resin. The fast curing novolac resin can be prepared by blending a conventional novolac resin with a novolac resin having a large proportion of methylene linkages coupled to adjacent phenylol groups at the o-o' position.

Abstract: In preparing a resin coated sand for use in sand mold casting processes by a hot-melt process using an unsaturated polyester which is solid at room temperature as the coating material, a solution of an organic peroxide as a polymerization initiator for the unsaturated polyester is introduced into the mixture of heated foundary sand and the unsaturated polyester while the polyester is in the state of liquid coating on the sand particles, and stirring is continued to uniformly mix the solution with the unsaturated polyester and evaporate and dissipate the solvent before solidification of the polyester coating as the result of cooling of the mixture. The polyester coating contains no liquid cross-linking agent, so that the resin coated sand is untacky and high in fluidity at room temperature and, therefore, can be filled into a die cavity to shape a sand mold or core with sufficiently high bulk density.

Abstract: This is one-component type dry developer for an electrophotography which is improved on humidification ability, and consists of mixture of toner with a particle size of 5.about.50 (.mu.) and hydrophobic flow agent. The flow agent is made by covering inorganic, organic, metallic or alloy powder with thin film of non-hydrophilic synthetic resin. By using electric conductive material as core and making a range of resin film thickness so as to cause tunnel effect of electron or ion, the flow agent which has non-hydrophilic property and electric conductive property is obtained.

Abstract: Developers consisting of virtually spherical particles made by spray drying an aqueous dispersion of a magnetic substance and a coating material consisting of polymers or waxes or of a mixture of polymers with a wax and/or a plasticizer, their constituents being preferably water-dispersible, and process for their preparation.

Abstract: A process for fixing wear-resistant armoring tiles to cement mortar. In accordance with the process, the back sides of the tiles are coated with a mixture of polyester epoxy resin composition including sand and quartz or sand powder, with a curing agent. A material having an affinity for the cement mortar (like quartz sand or lavalite) is dusted and rolled into the coated back side of the tiles, so as to thoroughly be mixed up with the resin mixture coating. After the hardening of the coating including the material having affinity to cement mortar, the tiles are embedded in the cement mortar. Accordingly, this process substantially eliminates the well known poor adhesive properties of such tiles with respect to cement mortar.

Abstract: Very smooth polymeric coatings or films graded in atomic number and density can readily be formed by first preparing the coating or film from the desired monomeric material and then contacting it with a fluid containing a metal or a mixture of metals for a time sufficient for such metal or metals to sorb and diffuse into the coating or film. Metal resinate solutions are particularly advantageous for this purpose. A metallic coating can in turn be produced on the metal-loaded film or coating by exposing it to a low pressure plasma of air, oxygen, or nitrous oxide. The process permits a metallic coating to be formed on a heat sensitive substrate without the use of elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A penetrating sealant composition useful for encapsulating a friable material which is designed to be stored in two parts, one of said parts comprising an aqueous silicate solution comprising a water soluble alkali metal silicate such as potassium silicate or a mixture of potassium silicate and sodium silicate and a cationic or nonionic surfactant and the other part comprising an acrylic polymer dispersion component comprising an acrylic polymer latex and a reagent that reacts with alkali metal silicate. The two parts are mixed to provide a blended composition having a solids content between 20 and 65 weight percent. The sealant composition is particularly useful for friable asbestos-containing materials and the cured sealant provides a physically tough flexible barrier.

Abstract: Process for the production of microcapsules, characterized in that a reaction product of a diol or polyol which has a molecular weight of 400 to 10,000 with phosgene or a di- or polyisocyanate which contains at least two chloroformic acid ester or isocyanate groups per molecule is mixed with the substance with is required to be enveloped (core material) and this mixture, an at least bifunctional chain lengthening agent for the reaction product and an aqueous phase are introduced into a zone of high turbulence where the reaction product and chain lengthening agent react to form a high molecular weight polymer which encloses the substance which is to be enveloped to form microcapsules which are then separated.

Abstract: An account is given of a process for making separate ornament stones with a heat-activated or thermoplastic adhesive coating, in the case of which a number of ornament stones are adhesively joined to a heat-activated adhesive foil and the single stones, with the heat-activated adhesive foil sticking to them, are freed from the compound structure made up of the separate stones and the foil.With this process single ornament stones may readily and simply be coated with a heat-activated adhesive of a true desired thickness where it is needed on the stones.

Abstract: A powdery fire-extinguishing agent containing a powder as main ingredient and a powder as adjuvant, both or one of said powders being treated with an organofluorine compound which has a fluoroalkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms, which has a major transition temperature of 20.degree. C. or higher and a fluorine content of 5% by weight or more, which is insoluble in water and insoluble or sparingly soluble in a combustible liquid, and which has oil repellency; and a process for preparation thereof.

Abstract: A phenolic resin binder useful for hot coating foundry sand and comprising a mixture of a solid resol phenolic resin and a lubricant is provided in the form of beads or rods of diameter of about 0.5 to 7 mm and a length of about 0.5 to 30 mm. The beads or rods can be formed directly from a molten mixture of the components or the molten mixture can first be solidified and thereafter formed into such beads or rods. The process for the hot coating of foundry sand with the phenolic resin binder and the resulting foundry compositions, molds and cores are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is provided for upgrading rock in the form of aggregate, block, shaped stone or concrete structures involving the treatment of such rock with a dilute aqueous solution of polyelectrolyte. Enhanced degradation resistance is achieved by further wetting the polyelectrolyte treated rock with a multi-valent ion metallic salt solution. Treated aggregate, portland cement and bituminous concrete compositions containing such treated aggregate are also provided.

Abstract: Improvement in the humidity resistance of photoconductive cadmium sulfoselenide (CdSSe) is achieved by soaking commercially available CdSSe in a solution of vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer in an organic solvent, followed by removing the excessive solution and then heating the soaked photoconductive material.

Abstract: Carbon black pellets are covered with rubber to prevent dusting problems. A process and apparatus for covering carbon black pellets with rubber is also disclosed.

Abstract: In the continuous manufacture of plastic-cohered gas diffusion electrodes, and particularly air electrodes, in the form of thin foils, a dry mixture of PTFE and active carbon powder is subjected, during the mixing process in a paddle mixer, to the additional intensive influence of rapidly rotating cutting knives. The degree of subdivision and homogeneity of the dry mixture is thereby enhanced to such a degree that, in the finished electrode tape, the mass does not exhibit nonuniform thickening.

Abstract: Method of producing sand-blasting abrasive materials, and the materials so produced, consisting of silica sand and/or slag, coated with a thermosetting resin by heat treatment, and the coating being then rendered unsoluble and unmeltable, by subsequent, separate heat treatment. The resin may contain a catalyst.

Abstract: A simulated volcanic rock is described, as well as a method for producing the same. The rock includes a central core encased within a concrete coating formed from a plaster which includes an aggregate of expanded polymer particles. During production of the rock, the polymer particles at the exterior surface of the coating are exposed and subsequently dissolved to leave such exterior surface with pocks simulating the gas-formed voids typically present on the surface of natural volcanic rock.

Abstract: Bleaching compositions containing coated or encapsulated bleaching agents, methods for employing these coated agents, as well as methods for preparing these encapsulates are disclosed. These compositions and methods are utilized to effectively bleach colored fabrics and textiles in both hot and cold water with minimal pinpoint damage to the fabric colors. The encapsulates have excellent storage properties and release of the active component at both hot and cold temperatures.

Abstract: A short-retention-time blender is described for applying liquid to wood particle furnish falling freely in the form of a concentric shell through an upright cylindrical housing. The particles are fed into the center of a rotating disk within the cylindrical housing. The disk deflects the furnish radially outward against a flared deflector surface. This surface deflects the furnish directly downward substantially in the form of a uniform concentric hollow shell. Inverted conical atomizer disks are rotated on the axis of the housing to produce annular atomized spray patterns of liquid, directed outwardly against the falling furnish.

Abstract: A method for preparing an improved filter medium of enhanced electrokinetic capture potential for contaminated liquids having suspended therein electro-negative particles of about 0.1 to 0.7 micron diameter. The method comprises forming a filter medium from a dispersion of negatively charged particulate material for filtration and a sufficient amount of fibers to form a matrix of self-bonding fibers. The surface of the particulate has been modified with a melamine formaldehyde cationic colloid.

Abstract: A dust suppressant composition is described which is comprised of at least about 0.001 percent of polyethylene oxide with a molecular weight of at least about 6500, with the balance being water. Also described is a method for suppressing the formation of dust particles by applying the aforementioned composition to a dust-producing material such that at least about 0.01 grams of polyethylene oxide is applied per 100 square inches of flat surface area of dust-producing material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for coating mineral, organic or metallic substrates, said substrates being either microscopic, such as pigment, filler, cement or metal particles, or macroscopic, such as large sized materials.The process according to the invention comprises a first step consisting in coating said substrate with a first layer of a composition comprising a liquid medium containing a polyhydroxylated polymer and a transition metal selected among the metals of the IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB and VIIIB groups of the periodic arrangement of the elements, capable of forming a polymer/metal complex, preferably a complex of polyvinyl alcohol and copper II, a second step consisting in applying on the first layer a polymerizable material capable of being grafted on the first layer and a third step consisting in causing said polymerizable material to become grafted to the first layer by polymerization thereon. The polymerizable material contains preferably acrylic or methacrylic unsaturations.

Abstract: A heat-coalescible graphitic aggregate for making graphite molds, graphite uel elements or moderating elements for nuclear reactors, and so on, is made by first forming a suspension of carbon particles in an alkaline solution of phenolformaldehyde. The suspension is then mixed together with acidulated water, the latter being heated to 40.degree. to 70.degree. C. to accelerate the reaction, with violent mixing, as in a jet device, causing a skin of insoluble phenolformaldehyde to be applied as a coating to each of the particles in suspension, which particles readily settle out and are soon separated by decanting and filtration, after which the composite solid is dried and the aqueous liquid is neutralized before being discarded.

Abstract: A process of coating sand with a phenolformaldehyde resin to produce a shell sand for use in shell molds and cores. The process comprises the steps of reacting phenol and formaldehyde at an elevated temperature to produce hot liquid phenolformaldehyde resin as a reaction product, transferring the hot liquid phenolformaldehyde resin to a mixing station while maintaining the resin at an elevated temperature to prevent solidification of the hot reaction product, mixing the hot liquid phenolformaldehyde resin with preheated sand at the mixing station to coat the sand with the resin, and cooling the coated sand to solidify the resin. When the phenol and formaldehyde are reacted at a location remote from the mixing station, the hot liquid phenolformaldehyde resin is transferred from the reaction station to the mixing station in insulated containers. The liquid resin is preferably maintained at a temperature of at least 250.degree. F. until it is mixed with the preheated sand.

Abstract: A lubricant-containing binder for the dry hot coat foundry method comprising a solid resol type phenolic resin and a lubricant in an amount of about 0.5 to 10 percent by weight with respect to said phenolic resin.

Abstract: A nib-type writing pen is formed by compressing a plurality of fibers into a bundle, extruding a plastic sheath around the fiber bundle, cutting the sheathed fiber bundle to a suitable length and injecting a urethane prepolymer into one or both ends of the cut and sheathed fiber bundle.

Abstract: The resistance of particulate material to clumping or solidification at below-freezing temperatures is improved by applying to the particles a coating of a polymer emulsion in water which drys to a water-insoluble film. A freeze-point-depressing substance is preferably combined with the emulsion in order to prevent the emulsion itself from freezing at the temperatures to which the particulate material is subjected. It is believed that said coating minimizes the strength of adhesion between the particles and any ice which may form between them and also minimizes the strength of such ice.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light transmission particle containing a colorless sublimable dye, an acyl leucophenoxazine compound suitable for use in the formation of a color image. This particle can produce a clear color image having little fogging and having an excellent resolving power.

Abstract: A coated powder comprising a transition metal or compound thereof prepared by the process which comprises coating the surface of a powdered transition metal or compound there with a free radical polymerizable monomer having an e value of (-)0.8 to (+)0.8 and then subjecting the resulting coated powder to free-radical polymerization conditions.

Abstract: Glass surfaces are provided with abrasion-resistant and label receptive characteristics by forming a first layer of an oxide of tin or titanium thereon and then overcoating the first layer with a physical mixture of emulsified organic polymers including acrylic resin emulsion and polyethylene resin emulsion. The resins are present in the mixture in a solids ratio ranging from about 7:1 to 1:1.

Abstract: Bulk loads in motor coasters and ocean-going vessels can be secured against shifting as a result of listing or pitching, by consolidating the surface layer of the trimmed bulk material by bonding the individual particles with a binder.

Abstract: Method and means is disclosed for treating carrier particles in order to change the charge to mass ratio and the resistivity of a development powder encompassing such particles. The carrier particles are first coated with a polymer capable of providing reactive sites and then an additional treatment is carried out with a material that will react to the reactive sites. Another advantage of the treatment is that the carrier particles are protected from oxidation following such treatment.

Abstract: Toner particles are prepared by a dispersion polymerization technique wherein a solvent for the monomer is included in the preparation of the discontinuous phase, and the solvent is removed prior to polymerization to increase the weight ratio of the magnetic particles present in the completed toner particles.

Abstract: A polymer suitable for use in affinity chromatography comprising a polymer f an aminimide and a vinyl compound having at least one pendant halo-methyl group and the said polymer wherein an amine ligand which affords sites for binding in affinity chromatography is coupled to the polymer by reaction with a portion of the pendant halo-methyl groups and the remainder of said pendant halo-methyl groups are reacted with an amine containing a pendant hydrophilic group. The invention also comprises a method of coating a substrate with the above polymer and a method of fractionating mixtures by affinity chromatography employing the above polymer as an adsorbent.