Abstract: The invention relates to the depositing of aluminum alloys useful as material for the manufacture of sleeve bearings. Aluminum and lead in the proper ratio are melted in a furnace, transferred to a holding furnace wherein the temperature of the melt is maintained within the molten range, and the melt is directed to an atomizing or nebulizing chamber. According to the invention, the molten material flowing into the atomization chamber is subjected to an atomizing gas flow having a specified angle of incidence to atomize the molten flow of alloy into small particles which are directly deposited on a continuous pure aluminum strip which moves under the atomization chamber at a preset rate, the aluminum strip with the alloy layer is submitted to a rolling operation and thereafter the strip is rolled together with a steel strip, to provide a cladding of the alloy-aluminum onto the steel of the backing and supporting strip.

Abstract: In an X-ray tube rotary anode having a supporting body (1) of molybdenum alloy, a target (2) of tungsten alloy, and a rough tungsten layer, applied by flame spraying to the whole surface of the anode except the focal path (4), for improving heat radiation, the rough tungsten layer does not adhere well to the tungsten alloy target, and particles of the rough tungsten layer may become detached in use, degrading the performance of the X-ray tube. To alleviate this problem, the whole surface of the anode, except the focal path (4), is blasted with steel grit, steel grit particles embedded in the anode are removed with acid, and the whole surface of the anode, except the target (2), is coated with a rough tungsten layer (3) by plasma spraying.

Abstract: A method is described for metalizing, particularly zinc-coating of steel surfaces in such manner that the production of sewage and/or harmful waste products is substantially eliminated. The various steps employed include degreasing, etching, activation, and metallization of the metal substrate by successive immersion of the substrate in baths containing, respectively, the necessary components to perform the function of each bath and also the components of the preceding bath, recycling the wash products from each bath to a preceding bath containing the same components as said waste products, and rinsing the product with water only after completion of the successive method steps.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a hot side regenerator cross arm seal assembly having a thermally stablilized wear coating with a substantially flat wear surface thereon to seal between low pressure and high pressure passages to and from the hot inboard side of a rotary regenerator matrix includes the steps of forming a flat cross arm substrate member of high nickel alloy steel; fixedly securing the side edges of the substrate member to a holding fixture with a concave surface thereacross to maintain the substrate member to a slightly bent configuration on the fixture surface between the opposite ends of the substrate member to produce prestress therein; applying coating layers on the substrate member including a wear coating of plasma sprayed nickel oxide/calcium flouride material to define a wear surface of slightly concave form across the restrained substrate member between the free ends thereon; and thereafter subjecting the substrate member and the coating thereon to a heat treatment of 1600.degree. F.

Abstract: A method of adhering a ceramic facing material to an underlying substrate is disclosed. Substrates to which the concepts apply include unsupported low modulus, porous wire pads as well as low modulus, porous wire pads backed by a solid metallic form. The ceramic application techniques employed are centered around the impregnation of the regions of the pad to be ceramic coated with an underlayment coating, such as MCrAlY material, wherein the designation "M" stands for at least one of the elements from the iron cobalt and nickel group. Deep penetration of the underlayment material into the pad is achieved with a high velocity, spraying process. Ceramic material is applied over the underlayment material by conventional spraying techniques.Articles of manufacture which are suited to fabrication in accordance with the concepts disclosed herein include, but are not limited to, outer air seals, combustion chambers, and airfoils of gas turbine engines.

Abstract: The mercury contact comprises a solid metal base of beryllium, wetted with mercury. The method of manufacturing the mercury contact includes periodically dipping the cleaned solid metal base of beryllium into chemically pure mercury through a mixture of saturated water solution of chromic anhydride and a 40 percent solution of hydrofluoric acid water, taken in a 1:1 ratio by volume.

Abstract: A coating composition which exhibits lubricating and corrosion resistance properties and is particularly suitable for coating bolts and fasteners. The composition comprises 5 to 20 parts by weight of zinc metal, 1 to 20 parts by weight of zinc oxide and 10 to 40 parts by weight molybdenum sulfide dispersed in a resin and solvent carrier such as methylated spirit and a phenolic resin.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for depositing a thick layer of copper upon a copper base wherein the base is heated and flame sprayed with molten copper until globules are observed. The globules are mechanically removed from the base and the flame spraying and globules removing steps repeated.

Abstract: A structure and method for manufacturing said structure are disclosed for producing a surface of improved smoothness. The result is achieved by applying to the substrate a layer of low melting point metal or low melting point glass and elevating the composite structure to the melting point of said low melting point metal or low melting point glass. The said metal or glass thereupon spreads to a smooth surface of greatly improved roughness.

Abstract: The adherence and wear resistance of chromium alloy electroplates on titanium is improved by pretreating the substrate to form a chromium conversion coating, and post-treating the substrate at a temperature at about 700-820.degree. C. (1300-1500.degree. F.) for about 1-300 hours. The pretreatment is comprised of the formation of a chromium conversion coating from an acid chromate solution; a preferred solution is comprised of hydrofluoric acid, sodium chromate, and water. The post treatment causes diffusion sufficient to obtain a bond but avoids completely interdiffusing the chromium alloy electroplate, to preserve the wear resistance of the electroplate surface.

Abstract: A method for plating very thin films of aluminum for subsequent electrical contact. The method is particularly suitable for preparation of the thin films of aluminum used in semiconductor integrated circuits for subsequent plating operations or lead bonding processes. The method comprises a removal of surface oxides in a way that does not substantially attack the very thin films of aluminum followed by immersion plating with a metal selected from the group comprising zinc, tin, nickel, silver and copper.

Abstract: The surface of manganese alloys is protected from corrosion by directly exchanging the manganese on the surface of the alloy with a more noble metal, such as nickel, by intrinsic voltaic couple deposition. The invention finds particular utility in protecting manganese alloys from corrosion when used as a thermostat metal.

Abstract: A mechanical plating process in which a work piece is plated without the necessity of tumbling the work piece in a barrel. A plating member having a plurality of plating elements is positioned with the plating elements adjacent a surface to be plated. Void spaces between the plating elements form reservoirs for liquid plating medium, containing a carrier liquid and plating metal particles. The liquid plating medium is supplied to the work area and to the reservoirs formed by the void spaces. A mechanical plating layer is formed by the plating metal particles by moving the plating member over the work surface with the plating elements, such as bronze wire elements, urged against the work surface. Additional plating medium is supplied to the work area and to the reservoirs during the plating operation to build up an adherent, mechanically applied, metal coating. The plated metal particles are preferably supplied to the work zone in flocculated form.

Abstract: Hard-facing of iron and iron base alloy substrates is disclosed using a hard facing material in the form of granules consisting essentially of grains of chemically combined vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, and carbon bonded by a binder metal of nickel-molybdenum alloy.

Abstract: The surface of a metal is treated in a fluidized bed system, in which a hot rolled metal is continuously subjected to an in-line treatment to suppress the formation of scale on its surface or to remove the same therefrom, and then is introduced into a gaseous fluidized bed of a non-oxidizing gas, which contains metal or alloy particles having a low melting point, as fluidized particles, so as to bring the hot rolled metal into contact with the fluidized particles. As a result, the fluidized metal particles or alloy particles may be melted and solidified on the surface of the rolled metal to provide a coated layer of a metal or alloy having a low melting point on the surface thereof. In addition, during the surface treatment in the fluidized bed system, a heat treatment such as patenting or cooling may be applied concomitantly in combination therewith.

Abstract: The invention contemplates a method and means for making a dryer or the like roll having a ferrous metal surface provided with a surface coating of a hardfacing alloy, the ferrous metal surface having a thermal conductivity relative to silver taken as 1 cal/cm.sup.2 /cm/.degree.C./sec of at least about 0.06 the hardfacing alloy being a hardfacing heat, corrosion and wear resistant iron-group metal-base alloy mechanically and metallurgically bonded to said ferrous metal surface which is preferably made of cast iron, the hardfacing alloy coating having a thickness ranging from about 0.01 to 0.15 inch, the thermal conductivity of said coating being at least 0.05.

Abstract: Structures for supporting printing particles in spaced aggregates as mounds and towers, for use in pulsed electrical printers, and method for their production. The structures comprise a base sheet having a roughened or microcavernous surface to receive the printing particles. The base sheet may be formed of or coated with conductive material, and may comprise a magnetizable material useful in forming and retaining the aggregates.

Abstract: A composite material of a ferrous cladding material and an aluminum cast matrix which composite material exhibits excellent performance and a method for producing the same which can be carried out quite easily. The composite material comprises a ferrous cladding material, powder particles bonded to the ferrous cladding material, seizing portions defined by the powder particles, and a cast matrix of aluminum or its alloy held by the seizing portions. The method comprises the steps of spreading powder particles over a ferrous cladding material, bonding the powder particles to the ferrous cladding material by sintering, and casting aluminum or its alloy over the sintered surface. Further, a metallic layer can be formed between the bonded powder particles and the cast aluminum, by plating.

Abstract: A method for depositing electroless nickel on aluminum or aluminum alloy is described. The method is particularly useful for fabricating bonding pads on aluminum metallized semiconductor devices and for creating beam leads. The described method deposits a thick nickel layer directly on aluminum without the use of intermediate layers or surface activation as required in the prior art. The method basically comprises immersion in a stop-etchant which simultaneously removes aluminum oxide and activates the surface; immersion in a solution which activates the aluminum with nickel ions and deactivates mask material; and immersion in a novel electroless nickel bath. A technique for electrolessly depositing gold is also described.

Abstract: According to the proposed method, the upper layer of the working solution is heated and components restoring its concentration are added thereto, while the lower layer of the solution is simultaneously cooled and a reagent restoring the pH of the solution is added thereto. The installation for realizing said method comprises a bath composed of two communicating vessels mounted one atop the other. The lower vessel is provided with an arrangement for cooling the solution therein and with a device for feeding thereinto the reagent restoring the pH of the solution, whereas the upper vessl is provided with an arrangement for heating the solution therein and with a device for feeding thereinto the components restoring the concentration of the solution.

Abstract: A method of making composite material which provides low friction surfaces for materials in rolling or sliding contact. The composite material is self-lubricating and oxidation resistant up to and in excess of about 930.degree. C. The composite material is comprised of a metal component which lends strength and elasticity to the structure, a fluoride salt component which provides oxidation protection to the metal but may also enhance the lubrication qualities of the composite.

Abstract: A method for depositing electroless nickel on aluminum or aluminum alloy is described. The method is particularly useful for fabricating bonding pads on aluminum metallized semiconductor devices and for creating beam leads. The described method deposits a thick nickel layer directly on aluminum without the use of intermediate layers or surface activation as required in the prior art. The method basically comprises immersion in a stop-etchant which simultaneously removes aluminum oxide and activates the surface; immersion in a solution which activates the aluminum with nickel ions and deactivates mask material; and immersion in a novel electroless nickel bath. A technique for electrolessly depositing gold is also described.

Abstract: A method for depositing electroless nickel on aluminum or aluminum alloy is described. The method is particularly useful for fabricating bonding pads on aluminum metallized semiconductor devices and for creating beam leads. The described method deposits a thick nickel layer directly on aluminum without the use of intermediate layers or surface activation as required in the prior art. The method basically comprises immersion in a stop-etchant which simultaneously removes aluminum oxide and activates the surface; immersion in a solution which activates the aluminum with nickel ions and deactivates mask material; and immersion in a novel electroless nickel bath. A technique for electrolessly depositing gold is also described.

Abstract: A method of preparing a heat-transfer member having a porous metallic heat-transfer interface comprising the steps of:(a) disposing at least one surface of a substrate in contact with a solution containing a salt of a thermally conductive metal, and(b) depositing said metal from said solution upon said substrate so as to form a dendritic metallic layer thereon constituting said porous heat-transfer interface.

Abstract: A method of producing a support for a printing plate comprising treating an aluminum plate, which has been oxidized by anodizing and then etched, with hot water or with water vapor.

Abstract: This single level masking process includes the use of two layers of a positive photoresist. A pattern is formed in the first layer of photoresist. This photoresist pattern is heated and polymerized to a degree which permits it to be resistant to attack when covered with a second layer of the same positive photoresist, that is, the first photoresist pattern will maintain its integrity. After the heat treatment, the first layer pattern is substantially insensitive to actinic radiation and is easily stripped with conventional solvents. A pattern is formed in a second layer of photoresist that is different from the pattern formed in the first layer. After a first metal is deposited on portions of the substrates exposed in the second layer pattern, the second layer pattern is removed. A second metal is deposited on the portions of the substrate exposed in the first layer pattern and then that pattern is removed.

Abstract: A boiler tube coating and method are disclosed in which industrial steel tubes or pipes, for example, steel boiler tubes and/or integrated panels of steel boiler tubes, are provided with a fused overlay of a corrosion and erosion resistant coating comprised of a refractory hard component, e.g. tungsten carbide, dispersed through a corrosion resistant matrix alloy.

Abstract: Aluminized nickel-base, cobalt-base and nickel-cobalt-base heat resistant alloy substrates are provided in which, prior to aluminizing the substrate, the substrate is provided with a thin coating of rhodium and thereafter a thin coating of platinum, the coatings being diffusion bonded to the substrate, such that when the prepared substrate is aluminized by pack cementation, a compositely structured coating is obtained characterized by improved resistance to high temperature oxidation and sulfidation.

Abstract: A method of providing improved corrosion resistance to coated metal substrates is disclosed. The process of the invention involves a passivating pretreatment with an onium salt before coating. The invention is particularly effective with ferrous metal substrates.

Abstract: A method of treating sucker rod comprising shot peening the rod to clean and harden the exterior surface thereof, preheating the rod, and coating the rod with a metal alloy by using an electric arc spray gun to provide a layer of alloy on the exterior surface thereof. The rod is subsequently cooled and then coated with a baked-on, plastic-like surface.In one embodiment of the invention, used rod is first degreased, and following the shot peening operation the rod is subjected to an electronic test to determine the symmetry of compositon of the metal, as well as to ascertain if any flaws are present therein. The rod is then coated with metal and subsequently sprayed with plastic as in the above recited example.

Abstract: A structural part made of titanium and/or titanium alloy is given a surface treatment by sandblasting or chemical pickling and is provided with a protective film of a strong reducing agent such as a solution of a derivative of hydrazine or hydroxylamine which is applied directly over the titanium and immediately thereafter a slide layer of a nickel is applied over the reducing agent layer preferably by spraying. Complex derivatives of hydrazine and hydroxylamine in the form of salts may be applied during a pickling and descaling treatment. The adhesion of the wear-resistant layer of metal is improved by a refining at a temperature of about 300.degree. C to obtain an intermetallic bond between the titanium and nickel at the interfacial boundary.

Abstract: A hydrophilic-surfaced metallic foil capable of providing a lithographic printing plate upon imaging by the silver salt diffusion transfer process, the foil being treated with an aqueous solution of a water soluble Group IV-B hexavalent metal fluoride compound prior to imaging, and the lithographic plate so produced.

Abstract: A process for metallizing substrates by activation of the substrate by deposition of palladium from a palladium complex, followed by electroless metallization. The palladium is deposited on the substrate by dipping the substrate into a solution of a palladium(O) complex and decomposing this complex at from 100.degree. to 300.degree. C.With this method it is possible to effectively activate substrates which are attacked by acid or alkali or swollen by organic solvents.

Abstract: A method for preparing aluminum or aluminum alloy bodies to receive an electrically deposited surface coating is disclosed. The method includes degreasing the body, if necessary, etch cleaning and zinc coating the body, washing and drying the etch cleaned and zinc-coated body, etching the dried body in 40.degree. Baume nitric acid or, when the body is an alloy of aluminum containing as much as about 2 percent of silicon, in 40.degree. Baume nitric acid which also contains from 11/2 to 3 percent of ammonium bifluoride, washing the etched body in cold running water, zincating the washed body and washing the zincated body in cold running water. The baths used in the various steps of the method of the invention and the times and temperatures used, are set forth in the following Table wherein percentages are by weight:______________________________________ TEMPERA- TIME STEP BATH TURE OF STEP ______________________________________ Etch cleaning Aqueous sodium hydroxide, 170-190.degree.F. 5-10 and zinc- 1.3 to 2.

Abstract: The method of providing a corrosion-resistant coating on the aluminum sheath of an electric immersion heater, comprising the steps of treating the sheath with a nitric acid solution to put a uniform layer of oxide on the exterior sheath surface, then treating the sheath with a caustic tin-bearing solution to strip all oxide from said exterior surface and replace it with a uniform layer of tin, then depositing a uniform layer of bronze over the tin layer, and finally depositing a layer of tin over the bronze coating.

Abstract: A method of producing a substrate having a particulate coating of high surface area to mass ratio, said method comprising in sequence the steps of:I. disposing between a substrate and an intermediate body a mixture comprising:A. hard substrate-embedding particles which are harder than the substrate and are harder than the intermediate body, andB. attachment-resistant particles having at least one property selected from the group consisting of:1. a hardness less than that of the substrate and2. a size such that they pass through a screen of 270 mesh per inch,Ii. compressing the substrate and intermediate body, with particles therebetween whereby the intermediate body pushes the hard substrate-embedding particles into the substrate, andIii. removing the intermediate body from the particles leaving the hard substrate-embedding particles embedded in the substrate and the attachment-resistant particles adhering to the substrate.

Abstract: There are provided stable, non-colloidal solutions for sensitizing a surface to the deposition of adherent electroless metal, the solutions comprising a liquid medium and dissolved therein an effective, sensitizing amount of a reaction product of the general formula:A .sup.. D .sup.. E .sup.. Gwherein A is an ion of a precious metal selected from those of the fifth and sixth periods of Groups VIII and IB of the Periodic Table of elements; D is a group IV metal of the Periodic Table of Elements which is capable of two valence states; E is an anion capable of forming a stable complex with components A and D; and G is a hydroxyl group-containing aromatic organic compound capable of forming a stable complex with component A, or component D.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing aluminum coated steel comprising cleaning the surface of a steel substrate by grid- or shot-blasting or by pickling followed by rinsing with water and thermal spraying with aluminum thereon in a thickness ranging from 30 to 300 microns while heating said surface sufficiently to maintain it at a temperature ranging from about 100.degree. to 500.degree.C.The aluminum coated steel may be thereafter be treated by heating it at a temperature ranging from 150.degree. to 600.degree.C for 3 minutes to 24 hours after it has been cold-rolled to a reduction of area from 5 to 80% or after it has been hot-rolled at a temperature ranging from 150.degree. to 600.degree.C.

Abstract: A method for the surface treatment of steel, preferably non-decarburized steel, capable of being enameled comprises the steps of degreasing the metal surface; optionally descaling the metal surface in an acid bath; treating the metal surface with an aqueous solution containing from 0.1% to 5% by weight of at least one complex former which prevents the precipitation of heavy metal cations at the pH employed; intensively pickling the metal surface; and nickelplating the metal surface.

Abstract: A method of electroless plating together with electroless plating solutions for plating the substrate of a transition metal capable of forming metal peroxides such as molybdenum or tungsten with a layer of metal plate such as chromium, cobalt, nickel or rhodium. The plating process features an oxidation and reduction reaction in which unstable surface oxides on the substrate of the transition metal are replaced by the desired metal plate. The method of the invention provides an oxygen impervious plate which protects against oxidation of the metal substrate and eliminates oxide migration as well as providing an improved metal-to-metal plate bond.

Abstract: A method for rapidly stripping solder or tin from a substrate, such as copper, without adversely affecting the substrate in the preparation of circuit boards having terminal tabs. The composition comprises hydrofluoric acid or salts thereof, ammonia and an oxygen source such as hydrogen peroxide. The use of a soluble metal complexer peroxide stabilizer enables use of larger percentages of fluoride and peroxide to materially increase the life and capacity of the product. The composition is especially useful in a process of rapidly stripping solder from copper terminal tabs of a printed circuit board, following which the exposed copper tab is plated with a more noble metal.