Abstract: A method of applying liquid in a finely divided form onto a moving surface and an apparatus for carrying out that method. A flow of air containing suspended liquid particles is passed substantially parallel to the moving surface and across its direction of movement within a container which extends across the width of the moving surface. The container has a slit or a series of openings facing the moving surface, through which slit or openings at least a part of the liquid particles entrained in the air flow are deflected and passed substantially normal to the surface to be deposited thereon.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for applying polymerized coatings to can bodies (12) has a means (13) for applying the coating as a liquid containing a polymerizable or polymer coating material in one or more vacuum liquifiable solvents. The coated can bodies (12) are heated in a confined space (22) a sufficient extent by induction coils (20) to substantially exclude air at entrance (16) to vacuum chamber (18). Second induction coils (28) heat the can bodies (12) further to flash evaporate the remaining vacuum condensable solvent from the coatings and to cure the coatings. The solvent vapor is condensed in the vacuum chamber (18) and condensers (68, 72, 76). A means (50) supplies a sufficient quantity of water at exit (42) from the vacuum chamber (18) to substantially exclude air at the exit (42). The can bodies (12) vaporize the water and the water vapor excludes the air. The water vapor is condensed under the vacuum of the chamber (18) by condenser (52).

Abstract: Non-aqueous solvents are removed from a substrate, e.g., paper, by contacting the substrate with a condensable, vaporous heat transfer medium that is in a superheated state, e.g., superheated steam, and maintaining said substrate in contact with said superheated heat transfer medium, while also maintaining said heat transfer medium in superheated state, for a period of time sufficient to effect removal of said non-aqueous liquid from said substrate without concomitant condensation of said superheated heat transfer medium thereon. The superheated heat transfer medium, as well as being the source of energy for evaporating the solvent, acts as a solvent vapor transport medium. Upon evaporation of the solvent, the solvent vapor-heat transfer medium mixture can be sent to a recovery zone to easily recover said solvent via condensation of the mixture and thereby avoid the discharge of said solvent vapors into the atmosphere.

Abstract: Laser patterning of metallization is done by transmitting laser energy through a liquid film directly in contact with the metallization to be patterned. When the metal is evaporated by the laser energy, the vapor is condensed immediately by the liquid film. This prevents redeposition of metal on the patterned surface and suspends the removed metal in the liquid so that it may be reclaimed by filtration.

Abstract: Coating polyester films between the longitudinal and transverse drawing stages of the biaxial orientation process with a non-heat sealing primer coating which may be reclaimable.

Abstract: Apparatus for electrostatically depositing powder on objects which move continuously through a powder-depositing booth of modular type having a powder depositing module (B) on each side of which there is an air filter module (A and C); the powder depositing module (B) has two compartment (B1, B2) next to each other each compartment having a distinct powder store tank (11, 12) which allows two layers of powder to be applied successively to the object to be treated. Application to enamelling objects Figure to be published: FIG. 2.

Abstract: An apparatus having an article counter, a set-point register and a comparator, and at least one electrode for detecting solution pH, with a controlled system adapted to add pre-selected amounts of replenishing solution to the cleaning and treating baths controlled by the system when indicated by coincidence between the number in the pre-set counter and the number in the article counter, in response to system pH, whereby the solutions being replenished will retain predetermined characteristics throughout an extended operating life. A method which comprises sampling solution pH counting the articles being treated and replenishing treatments and cleaning solutions in response to article count and pH or other solution condition from time to time to maintain desired process characteristics.

Abstract: A technique for coating a longitudinally extending member feeds particulate plastics coating material onto a horizontal support to form a mound. The mound is pendulously swung back and forth along a path of movement of the member. The member is heated and passed through the pendulously swinging mound of plastics material to coat the member with the material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method to fill out uneven surfaces, whereby a fine grain, fusible powder is excessively applied to the surface to be treated, the excess is removed, and the remaining powder which fills cracks and cavities is temporarily heated to melt. The invention further reveals a means to carry out the method.

Abstract: An overspray filter collector unit for a plasma spray system filters fine, relatively small particulate from the overspray upstream of the vacuum pumps. The filter collector unit includes a hollow tank having a pool of oil at the bottom thereof having a top surface onto which the overspray is directed from an inlet conduit. Some of the particulate matter is deposited in the oil and at the same time oil droplets and vapor are entrained in the overspray as it deflects from the oil surface into a tortuous path defined by a plurality of baffles within the tank. The baffle surfaces are wetted by the oil vapor and droplets, and the resulting oil coating entraps the remaining particulate in the overspray before the overspray exits via an outlet conduit to the vacuum pumps.

Abstract: Coating, particularly a method for uniformly depositing a micro thin layer of fluid upon the surface of an object such as a substrate, or the like. Flowing the coating material through a permeable and sloping surface, so as to develop a downward laminar flow of coating material on the outside of the sloping surface. The object to be coated is advanced tangentially to the flow of coating material such that the surface to be coated intersects laminar flow of coating material at the apex of the sloping surface. Meniscii of coating material are supported both at the leading edge and the trailing edge of coating material in contact with the surface to be coated. The uniform disengagement and drainage of deposited excess coating material from the coated surface are ensured by uniform meniscii and the constant downward laminar flow of coating material on the outside of the sloping surface.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for controlled application of a liquid to a variable width filamentary band such as a cigarette tow band. Liquid is fed at a constant rate by one or more positive displacement pumps to an applicator device which may be a disc type or a brush type applicator device. Any liquid which is not picked up from the applicator device by the tow band is returned by means of channels located in a housing member directly to the applicator device whereby variations in the width of the tow band do not substantially change tow liquid pick-up from a preselected weight level.

Abstract: A method for the application of a sizing composition or the like to a traveling web under high speed conditions which involves passing the web into the nip formed between two counter-rotating rolls and supplying a sizing composition to the nip to thereby form a pond of sizing material on both sides of the traveling web. Additional amounts of sizing material are constantly being supplied to the ponds by means of a suitable applicator and nozzle arrangement, while the depth of the ponds is controlled continuously by the application of a reduced pressure to the existing ponds resulting in some of the sizing composition being drawn up into the applicator from where it is delivered to a reservoir for further circulation through the applicator.

Abstract: An outodepositing coating process wherein a coating bath containing an acidic aqueous coating composition comprising as essential ingredients: (1) an acid; (2) an oxidizing agent; and (3) an aqueous dispersion of coating forming resin particles and surfactant, which surfactant is subject to being slowly altered by the acidic oxidizing environment in the metal coating bath resulting in the buildup of reaction products in the bath, which bath is maintained in continuous coating forming operability by replenishing in a manner which prevents the deterioration of the coating quality of the bath. The coating composition and replenishing composition may also contain as an optional ingredient an aqueous dispersion of pigment and surfactant and may also contain non-essential ingredients, which non-essential ingredients may increase in concentration as the bath is operated until a deleterious effect is asserted on the coating formation.

Abstract: A booth forming a spraying chamber for workpieces to be coated with powder particles has a substantially fully open front side, giving access to an electrostatic spray gun, and a substantially fully open rear side adjoining a housing of a detachable powder-collecting unit which is open toward the chamber while being separated therefrom by an apertured screen. Tubular filter elements in the housing of the powder-collecting unit, having air-permeable peripheral surfaces, communicate with the suction end of a blower in an overlying clean-air unit, thereby giving rise to an air stream which passes generally horizontally through the chamber from its front side to its rear side and entrains particles discharged by the spray gun. Particles bypassing the workpiece to be coated may traverse the apertured screen and cling to the surfaces of the filter elements from which they may be intermittently dislodged by an air blast directed into these elements from the clean-air unit.

Abstract: Metallic articles, for instance, ferrous strips are metallized, for instance, zinc coated by passing the heated article through a coating chamber and applying thereto a continuous stream of the molten coating metal so as to uniformly and evenly metallize said article. Thereafter, excess molten coating metal is removed from the coated article by hot gas blasting and the hot gas blasted article leaving the coating chamber is immediately cooled. Wiping means may be provided before applying the molten coating metal so as to deflect any molten coating metal dropping from the metallic article passing therethrough, while rollers may be arranged between the coating metal applying means and the hot gas blasting means. Said rollers serve to remove the major part of excess coating metal from the coated metallic article and to stabilize movement of the metallic article passing through the coating chamber.

Abstract: A permeable substrate is coated with a film of silver deposited from an aqueous electroless silver plating solution. The process provides substantially total extraction or depletion of the silver from the solution. The process permits deposition of closely controlled amounts of silver on well-defined permeable areas.

Abstract: A fibrous web carried by a thin film disposed on a conveyor passes under a number of spray tubes which pour thereon a plastic material in liquid form which has been de-gassed under vacuum in a gas eliminating apparatus. The liquid absorbs gases from the fibres and overflows laterally into a lower trough from which it is recycled into the gas eliminating apparatus. The web is thus progressively de-gassed and impregnated with de-gassed plastic material. It is then covered by another thin film to form a sandwiched complex product for further operations.

Abstract: Described is apparatus designed for applying enamel slip simultaneously to the internal and external surfaces of a pipe which includes a housing with a rod mounted centrally therein so that a clearance space is formed therebetween. That clearance space measures somewhat more than the thickness of the wall of the pipe under treatment which is to be moved in the clearance space, which is being filled with enamel slip. The clearance space between the housing and the rod measures at least 1.5 times the thickness of the pipe wall.In one of the embodiments of the invention, the housing and the rod are of cylindrical shape.The housing is provided with an enamel circulation system which includes a pump communicating with the housing and a reservoir via pipelines. The reservoir is filled with enamel slip and is provided with a thermoregulator.

Abstract: A member to be coated is placed in a hollow portion of an external member and a coating material is charged in a gap between the member to be coated and the external member. The member to be coated has another member fixed thereto. The member to be coated is drawn from the hollow portion of the external member to form a coated film thereon.

Abstract: The invention provides an on-stream method and apparatus for analyzing of the concentrations of chemical components in a bath, especially in an electroplating bath, contained in one or more processing tanks. Moreover, the information obtained by such analysis of a single bath or of multiple baths may be efficiently employed to control such concentrations in the bath or respective baths, for example, by controlling the addition of one or more additives. The apparatus comprises a multi-steam sampling value and a computer for controlling the operation of said value. The computer also controls means for adding material to the baths in order to maintain the parameters thereof.

Abstract: The surface treatment is carried out by employing an apparatus comprising a vessel and a holed container rotatably equipped in said vessel.Materials to be treated are filled into said holed container of said apparatus then treating liquids and/or washing liquids are charged in order into said holed container according to the treatment process and said holed container is driven to rotate thus treating liquids and/or washing liquids contact whole surface of said materials and the treatment is carried out. After the treatment, treating liquids and/or washing liquids are effectively removed from the surface of said materials by the centrifugal force accompanying with the rotation of said holed container.

Abstract: A method is described for metalizing, particularly zinc-coating of steel surfaces in such manner that the production of sewage and/or harmful waste products is substantially eliminated. The various steps employed include degreasing, etching, activation, and metallization of the metal substrate by successive immersion of the substrate in baths containing, respectively, the necessary components to perform the function of each bath and also the components of the preceding bath, recycling the wash products from each bath to a preceding bath containing the same components as said waste products, and rinsing the product with water only after completion of the successive method steps.

Abstract: A method for spraying a powdered to granular bulk material is disclosed in which a stream of propellant gas is mixed with the bulk material and the mixture is sprayed by a suitable known spraying device. Unwanted clogging of conduits and wastage of the bulk material are prevented by rerouting the flow of the bulk-material/gas mixture at a point upstream from the spray device whenever it is desired to interrupt spraying. A device for effecting this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is provided for selectively separating and removing complexed heavy metal ions, preferably copper or nickel, from complexing agents in aqueous solution and removing substantially all heavy metal ions while leaving complexing agent in said solution. In preferred embodiments, complexed copper or complexed nickel is selectively removed from aqueous effluent from electroless plating systems by passage through a bed of chelating ion-exchange resin having an iminodiacetic acid functionality. Substantially all copper or nickel will be removed from solution and retained in the resin bed and the complexing agent will pass through for conventional waste treatment or disposal. The copper or nickel is recovered by elution from the resin bed with an acid solution and may, if desired, be precipitated by addition of sodium hydroxide or the like and subsequently separated for recovery or disposal.

Abstract: There is provided a method for increasing the useful effective plating rate of an electroless copper deposition solution which comprises copper ion, a complexing agent for copper ion, a reducing agent and a pH adjustor and which is characterized by a plating rate which first increases and passes through a peak plating rate and then decreases as a function of a pH above 10. In accordance with this invention, the plating rate of such a solution may be significantly increased by operation thereof in the presence of an accelerating or depolarizing agent at a pH to achieve a plating rate above the plating rate of the solution without such an agent at the same pH. The accelerating or depolarizing agents for use herein include compounds containing a delocalized pi-bond, such as heterocyclic aromatic nitrogen and sulfur compounds, non-aromatic nitrogen compounds having at least one delocalized pi-bond, and aromatic amines.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for developing latent fingerprints on an object by fuming said object with the vapors of the chemical cyanoacrylate. Apparatus is disclosed comprising a first chamber to contain the object and to close to form an air tight seal, a second chamber to contain the chemical pool and vapors thereof and a pump system. The method involves pumping the vapors from the second chamber into the first chamber to develop the latent fingerprints on the object to be tested.

Abstract: An apparatus for coating vertically extending wires with paint in which the temperature of a paint bath is accurately maintained and temperature variations within the bath are largely eliminated so as to provide constant coating characteristics. Vertically extending coating chambers are provided having relatively small cross-sectional areas so that heat generated by an adjacent heating element is spread evenly throughout the paint bath. A coating die is disposed at the top of each chamber. A discharge element is provided near the coating die and a paint receiving pool is stationed to receive the paint discharged through the outlet. The paint pool is in fluid communication with the bottom portion of each of the chambers.

Abstract: The surface treatment is carried out by employing an apparatus comprising a vessel and a holed container rotatably equipped in said vessel.Materials to be treated are filled into said holed container of said apparatus then treating liquids and/or washing liquids are charged in order into said holed container according to the treatment process and said holed container is driven to rotate thus treating liquids and/or washing liquids contact whole surface of said materials and the treatment is carried out. After the treatment, treating liquids and/or washing liquids are effectively removed from the surface of said materials by the centrifugal force accompanying with the rotation of said holed container.

Abstract: A spray booth provided with a horizontally oriented nozzle for the surface-coating (e.g. coloring) of suspended workpieces passing by on a conveyor is provided with an upright screen intercepting excess coating material. The screen is a disk or an endless band driven continuously at slow speed to accumulate the excess fluid in a coherent film which is stripped off by a stationary wiper for immediate or delayed reuse.

Abstract: A process for the concurrent deposition and regeneration of alumina onto a substrate from an aqueous sodium aluminate solution comprising immersing the substrate in an aqueous sodium aluminate solution of which the composition is controlled and adjusted by passage through a regeneration circuit where alumina is added to make up for the quantity deposited. The invention may be used in the production of adsorbents for the lead present in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A concentration of copper ions, a concentration of a reducing agent, a concentration of a complexing agent and a pH of a chemical copper plating solution are continuously detected all as potentials, and continuously controlled with a good accuracy.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for continuously hot-dip galvanizing a steel strip, which comprises:Using a hot-dip galvanizing tank divided into a reaction chamber and a plating chamber having a bottom wall downwardly inclining toward the bottom wall of said reaction chamber, by a vertical partition provided, at the lowermost end thereof, with a gap and, at the upper end portion thereof, with an aperture of which the opening can be adjusted, said reaction chamber and said plating chamber communicating with each other through said gap and said aperture; causing a hot-dip galvanizing bath containing aluminum in a prescribed amount, contained in said hot-dip galvanizing tank, to circulate by convection, under the effect of stirring by a stirring means provided in said reaction chamber, through said gap and said aperture, between said reaction chamber and said plating chamber; continuously introducing a steel strip into said hot-dip galvanizing bath in said plating chamber while continuing said stirring, to subject sa

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for recovering acrylic resin from an excess of a sprayed powder coating composition. An excess of the powder coating composition which is not deposited onto an article to be coated and is recovered in a coating apparatus is dissolved in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent which dissolves the acrylic resin component and which has a solubility of a curing agent of not more than 1.0 g (curing agent)/100 g (solvent) at 20.degree. C. and the acrylic resin component is recovered from the resin solution. The acrylic resin component thus recovered can be reused as a resin component for coating compositions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the electroless nickel plating of long bodies including a deep tank capable of supporting at least one long body in a substantially vertical position and immersed in an electroless nickel plating solution, a fluid distribution system including a plurality of vertically spaced sparger outlets within the tank and means for discharging filtered, heated, plating solution through the sparger outlets generally directed toward or around the long body within the tank to provide directionalized dispersion of the solution throughout substantially the full depth of the tank.

Abstract: A conveyor means moves spaced treads along a horizontal path defining a pass line where longitudinally spaced spray means are actuated by control means to spray the tapered leading and trailing edges of the treads. An overspray collection means is located adjacent to each spray area to control the overspray. The overspray collection is automated to present a new surface after a predetermined number of sprays to assure an uncontaminated work zone at the site of the overspray.

Abstract: A process for the electrical insulation of wire by enamelling, using aqueous dispersions which are applied thereto by means of applicator rollers. The thickness of the dispersion coating on the wire can be varied by merely suitably selecting the circumferential speed of the applicator rollers.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for applying a plurality of superposed layers to a web by curtain coating in which only some of the plurality of layers are, and in the extreme case only one layer is, in contact with the curtain guides. The width of the remaining layers is smaller than the width determined by the curtain guides, and preferably smaller than the width of the web.

Abstract: An autodepositing coating process wherein a coating bath containing an acidic aqueous coating composition comprising as essential ingredients: (1) an acid; (2) an oxidizing agent; and (3) an aqueous dispersion of coating forming resin particles and surfactant, which surfactant is subject to being slowly altered by the acidic oxidizing environment in the metal coating bath resulting in the buildup of reaction products in the bath, which bath is maintained in continuous coating forming operability by replenishing in a manner which prevents the deterioration of the coating quality of the bath. The coating composition and replenishing composition may also contain as an optional ingredient an aqueous dispersion of pigment and surfactant and may also contain non-essential ingredients, which non-essential ingredients may increase in concentration as the bath is operated until a deleterious effect is asserted on the coating formation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the treatment of wood material impregnated with an aqueous ammoniacal solution of water-insoluble treating chemical and having deposits of treating chemical on its surface. The process comprises submerging the impregnated wood material in the ammoniacal solution, separating the wood material from the solution and maintaining it in a moist, ammoniacal atmosphere until the wood surface is substantially free of liquid. In another aspect, this invention relates to a process for producing wood material treated with the ammoniacal solution, where the product has a clean surface.

Abstract: Paint particles suspended in a gas are removed from the suspension by coating the surfaces of baffles with a material to which paint particles adhere and having a melting point below 100.degree. C.; positioning said coated baffles in a sequence spaced apart from one another; collecting paint particles suspended in a gas on the coated baffles by flowing said gas around said baffles to thereby saturate said coating with paint particles; melting said paint saturated coating; and removing said paint saturated coating from the baffles.

Abstract: A method of processing an electrical apparatus, such as a capacitor, containing a polymeric dielectric material. The interior of the capacitor casing, which is at room temperature, is initially connected to a vacuum source to evacuate the interior of the casing and when a vacuum sensing unit indicates that the required vacuum has been obtained, a degassed dielectric liquid is supplied to the interior of the casing. A positive pressure is applied to the liquid in the casing to fully impregnate the polymeric layer. When the desired capacitance is obtained, the impregnation is complete and the unit is sealed.

Abstract: A composition for trapping and removing paint from a paint spray booth characterized by an aqueous solution-suspension containing at least 4 percent by weight of a water softener, a concentration within the range of 4-25 percent by weight of a colloid that will pick up moisture and swell and remain stable in highly alkaline solutions: a concentration within the range of 1-8 percent by weight of a surfactant; and a concentration within the range of 5-50 percent by weight of an alkaline material that is either an alkali metal hydroxyide or an alkali metal metasilicate. The composition preferably also includes a concentration within the range of 0.1-3 percent by volume of a defoamer. Specific and critical examples of the respective water softener, colloid, surfactant and defoamer are disclosed, as is the optimum concentration of the ingredients. Also disclosed are improved embodiments having additional additives incorporated thereinto for specific purposes with specific types of paints.

Abstract: In a process wherein a resinous coating is formed on a ferriferous surface by immersing the surface in an acidic aqueous coating composition prepared from dispersed particles of resin, HF and FeF.sub.3, wherein said composition forms on said surface a resinous coating which increases in thickness the longer the surface is immersed in the composition and wherein as the composition is used to coat additional surfaces, it begins to form thinner coatings or it destabilizes, the improvement comprising maintaining the effectiveness of said composition by adding thereto an oxidizing agent which is effective in oxidizing ferrous iron.

Abstract: The effective concentration of an electroactive ingredient of a coating solution is determined, and may be restored to a desired level, in response to deviations in the voltammetric current sensed at an indicating electrode comprised of a noble metal.

Abstract: A rotating separator removes air coating from pigmented paper coating liquid stock. The separator employs a cylindrical tank which is mounted for rotation about a vertical axis. The separator is operated in a filled condition and an air laden or froth fraction is removed from a radially central region of the tank at the top of the tank, while a non-rotating pickup receives air free coating from a region adjacent the wall of the tank near the tank bottom. A method of treating and applying such a coating includes the steps of pumping an air laden coating into a centrifugal separator while maintaining the separator in a filled condition, removing an air froth from the separator for return to the supply tank, and delivering a substantially air free coating directly to the inlet of a control without the imposition of any intermediate pumping apparatus. The centrifugal pumping action of the separator supplements the pressure head on the coating material.

Abstract: Articles to be galvanized, such as wire or chain link fencing, are passed in sequence through an acid bath, a water rinse, a flux bath, a molten zinc bath, and a water quench bath. The quench bath becomes heavily contaminated with suspended, particulate zinc which renders the water unfit for discharge to a sewer or for passage through a cooling tower for recycling. Zinc contamination in the zinc quench water is reduced by centrifuging the water. The treated water is cooled to recycling to the quench bath. When a molten lead bath followed by a water quench bath is used to anneal articles such as wire strands before they are galvanized, lead contamination in the lead quench water is also reduced by centrifuging the water. The zinc and lead removed from the quench water streams are recovered and recycled.

Abstract: A bath solution is fed to a centrifuge wherein the impurities are precipitated onto the drum wall, due to centrifugal force and in the absence of electrical current, from which they are subsequently removed.

Abstract: Copper is electrolessly deposited on a surface wherein the dissolved oxygen content is maintained between 2 and 4 ppm in the plating bath.

Abstract: A method .[.and apparatus.]. for coating wherein the horizontal flow of coating liquid is restricted adjacent the ends of the coating roll to overcome foaming by high flow rates of liquid flow while avoiding fouling of the roll journals.