Abstract: The inventive concept provides a substrate treating apparatus. The substrate treating apparatus includes substrate treating apparatus comprising: a treating container having an inner space; a support unit configured to support and rotate a substrate within the inner space; an exhaust duct configured to exhaust the inner space; and at least one guide member combined with the treating container and configured to guide an airflow within the inner space, and wherein the at least one guide member is arranged such that the airflow within the inner space obliquely flows with respect to a rotation direction of the substrate supported by the support unit when seen from above.

Abstract: A coating for effecting artificial frost on glass, the coating comprising a silicate, a material selected from the group consisting of ceramic and glass spheres, sodium aluminosilicate, a lithium compound, and, a thickener.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an abradable coating for a turbine engine part, characterized by the fact that said coating includes a layer made of an abradable material, the surface asperities of which are filled with thermally bonded ceramic grains, forming a smooth, free surface having a low roughness.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for applying a coating to a non-ferrous or ferrous material that includes providing a material, a heat source, an immersion tank, and a drying environment. The material is placed within the heat source and heated to a temperature between the range of between about 204.44° C. to about 537.78° C. (400° F. to about 1000° F.). The material is immersed within an immersion containing a ratio of molybdenum disulfide solution to water of between about 2:1 to about 4:1 at a temperature between about 26.67° C. to about 48.89° C. (about 80° F. to 120° F.), and the material is dried at a temperature between about 51.67° C. to about 98.89° C. (125° F. and 210° F.).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process to obtain primary, secondary or tertiary amines, via a direct amination reaction of alcohols in presence of bis(perfluoroalkylsulfonimide) acid or salts thereof catalysts, and derivatives.

Abstract: Methods and systems for coating particles are disclosed.

Abstract: A surface-treated steel sheet for a container, comprising: a steel sheet, and a Zr compound film disposed on the steel sheet, wherein the Zr compound film being formed by a dipping or electrolytic treatment in a solution containing Zr ion, F ion, ammonium ion and nitrate ion; and the coating weight of the Zr compound film is 1 to 100 mg/m2 in terms of the amount of metallic Zr, and 0.1 mg/m2 or less in terms of the F amount. There is provided a steel sheet for container, which has an excellent processability in the can manufacturing, and at the same time, is excellent in drawing and ironing processability, weldability, corrosion resistance, adherence thereof to a coating material and adherence thereof to a film, and a process for producing such a steel sheet for container.

Abstract: A process of forming a calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate (CMAS) penetration resistant coating, and a CMAS penetration resistant coating are disclosed. The process includes providing a thermal barrier coating having a dopant, and exposing the thermal barrier coating to calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate and gas turbine operating conditions. The exposing forming a calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate penetration resistant layer. The coating includes a thermal barrier coating composition comprising a dopant selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements, non-rare earth element solutes, and combinations thereof. Additional or alternatively, the coating includes a thermal barrier coating and an impermeable barrier layer or a washable sacrificial layer positioned on an outer surface of the thermal barrier coating.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple, non-destructive and versatile method that enables layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly to be performed on virtually any substrate. A novel catechol-functionalized polymer which adsorbs to virtually all surfaces and can serve as a platform for LbL assembly in a surface-independent fashion is also provided.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing a thin film consisting of nanosheet monolayer film(s) and use of the thin film obtained thereby. The method for producing a thin film consisting of nanosheet monolayer film(s) by a spin coat method according to the invention comprises a step for preparing an organic solvent sol formed by allowing nanosheets obtained by the exfoliation of an inorganic layered compound to be dispersed in an organic solvent; and a step for dropping the organic solvent sol onto a substrate and rotating the substrate using a spin coater. Preferably, the nanosheet size, the organic solvent sol concentration and the spin coater rotation speed are controlled.

Abstract: A method, and an article made therefrom, of: contacting a substrate with a first solution of a first polyelectrolyte polymer to form a layer of the first polyelectrolyte polymer on the substrate; and contacting the layer of the first polyelectrolyte polymer with a second solution of a second polyelectrolyte polymer to form a layer of the second polyelectrolyte polymer on the layer of the first polyelectrolyte polymer. The first polyelectrolyte is a polyanion or polycation polymer. The second polyelectrolyte is a polyanion or polycation polymer of a charge opposite to that of the first polyelectrolyte polymer. At least one of the first solution or the second solution is an aggregate-forming solution comprising an ionic species having at least two discrete sites of a charge opposite to that of the polyelectrolyte polymer in the aggregate-forming solution.

Abstract: A polymer blend is provided that includes a polycarbonate polyurethane polymer component having a water contact angle greater than 75 degrees and a polyurethane polymer component having a water contact angle less than 75 degrees. The polycarbonate polyurethane component and the other polyurethane polymer can be immiscible with respect to one another, and thus are phase separated in the polymer blend. The weight percentage of the polycarbonate polyurethane polymer component is greater than the weight percentage of the other polyurethane polymer component in the blend. The polymer blend is well suited for realizing a low friction surface of a variety of medical and non-medical devices.

Abstract: A mascara applicator brush is provided, including polymer bristles which are coated with a germicidal composition. The aforementioned composition is made from a mixture based on at least one large cation and at least one large anion, in which one or both develop germicidal properties.

Abstract: A seal (48) between a compressor rotor blade (26) and compressor casing (28) comprises an abradable structure (59) on the compressor casing (28). The abradable structure (59) comprises a metallic foam (60) having pores (66, 68). The metallic foam (60) has a first a region (62) and a second region (64). The first region (62) of the metallic foam (60) is arranged adjacent to the compressor casing (28) and the second region (64) of the metallic foam (60) is spaced from the compressor casing (28) by the first region (62) of the metallic foam (60). The pores (68) of the second region (64) of the metallic foam (60) contain an abradable material (70) and the pores (66) of the first region (62) of the metallic foam (60) do not contain an abradable material.

Abstract: An electroless plating method for use in metal plating on a porous substrate is disclosed. It uses selective contact of the plating metal salt solution with a reducing solution on the activated surface on or inside the porous substrate. This electroless plating method in the setup is useful for unmanned, automatic operation resulting in almost 100% membrane (pure/composite) with substantially no pinholes or cracks.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating textile material to confer flame retardant properties, the method comprising the steps of impregnating the material with an aqueous solution of a treatment agent which is a poly(hydroxyorgano)phosphonium compound; drying the impregnated material; curing the dried impregnated material with ammonia to produce a cured, water-insoluble polymer which is mechanically fixed within the fibers of the material; oxidizing the cured polymer to convert trivalent phosphorus to pentavalent phosphorus; and washing and drying the material; wherein one or both of steps (d) and (e) result in the co-production of an aqueous effluent; and wherein the conditions are controlled such that the atomic ratio of N:P present on the material increases during step (c) by 0.8 or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple, non-destructive and versatile method that enables layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly to be performed on virtually any substrate. A novel catechol-functionalized polymer which adsorbs to virtually all surfaces and can serve as a platform for LbL assembly in a surface-independent fashion is also provided.

Abstract: Plate glass, in particular soda-lime plate glass, is treated with potassium water glass in order to alter the optical properties of soda-lime plate glass, in particular its reflection behaviour. The soda-lime plate glass is thermally treated after application of potassium water glass in order to achieve additional hardening of the soda-lime plate glass. The treated plate glass can be used, in particular, for cover plates of photovoltaic modules.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method for steel sheets for containers that enables reliable, continuous manufacture of steel sheets, with excellent film adhesion qualities, for containers. The manufacturing method for steel sheets for containers is a method in which a film containing Zr is formed on the surface of the steel sheets by immersing, and/or subjecting to electrolytic treatment, the steel sheets in a solution containing Zr ions, F ions, and at least one reaction accelerating component selected from a group including Al ions, boric acid ions, Cu ions, Ca ions, metal Al, or metal Cu.

Abstract: A process by which an electrophotographic belt having a protective layer more containing a filler on its surface side can be produced at a lower cost. The process is a process for producing an electrophotographic belt having a base layer and a surface layer, and has the steps of (1) forming on the base layer a wet coating of a surface layer forming coating liquid in which a filler has been dispersed and a binder resin stands dissolved; (2) making water adhere to the surface of the wet coating; and (3) drying the wet coating to form the surface layer. The filler is a filler the affinity of which for the water is higher than the affinity the filler has for a dispersion medium of the filler in the coating-liquid.

Abstract: A ceramic sprayed member comprises a substrate and a ceramic sprayed coating thereon. Splats have been removed from the surface of the sprayed coating, typically by blasting. The ceramic sprayed member with improved plasma resistance mitigates particle contamination of wafers and enables stable manufacture when used in a halogen plasma process for semiconductor fabrication or the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a steel sheet for a container including: a plated layer containing an adhesion amount of 300 to 1000 mg/m2 of nickel, provided on at least one surface of a steel sheet as metal Ni; and a chemical conversion treatment film formed on the steel sheet by performing immersion or a cathodic electrolytic treatment with a solution containing Zr ions, F ions, and phosphate ions, wherein a metal Zr adhesion amount of the chemical conversion treatment film is 1.0 to 50 mg/m2, an amount of 0.5 to 25 mg/m2 of a phosphate compound is contained in terms of P amount, and an F-atom number density measured by XPS analysis of a plane of 2 nm and a plane of 4 nm in a depth direction obtained by a sputtering treatment is equal to or less than 2 at %.

Abstract: A method using a chemical synthesis method to produce a metallic nanoparticle inorganic composite having fine metallic nanoparticles that are uniformly dispersed at a high density in a solidified matrix, a metallic nanoparticle inorganic composite, and a plasmon waveguide using this composite are provided. Thus, a method including: preparing a precursor solution, applying the precursor solution onto a substrate, and then hydrolyzing the precursor solution to form an oxide film having fine pores, bringing the oxide film into contact with an acidic aqueous solution of tin chloride to chemically adsorb Sn2+ ions in the fine pores, removing an excess of the Sn2+ ions, bringing the oxide film into contact with an aqueous metal chelate solution to precipitate metallic nanoparticles in the fine pores, and removing an excess of ions of the metal is provided.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyurethane coated glove includes steps of: coating a knitted glove with a solvent, wherein the solvent is prepared by a polyurethane resin and a component selected from the group consisting of N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide (DMAC), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), wherein the component participates in synthesizing the polyurethane resin; treating the knitted glove with water bath; drying the knitted glove under 100˜110° C., for 50˜60 minutes; and recycling the component in the solvent from the water after treating with water bath by vacuum decompression.

Abstract: A surface-treated steel sheet for a container, comprising: a steel sheet, and a Zr compound film disposed on the steel sheet, wherein the Zr compound film being formed by a dipping or electrolytic treatment in a solution containing Zr ion, F ion, ammonium ion and nitrate ion; and the coating weight of the Zr compound film is 1 to 100 mg/m2 in terms of the amount of metallic Zr, and 0.1 mg/m2 or less in terms of the F amount. There is provided a steel sheet for container, which has an excellent processability in the can manufacturing, and at the same time, is excellent in drawing and ironing processability, weldability, corrosion resistance, adherence thereof to a coating material and adherence thereof to a film, and a process for producing such a steel sheet for container.

Abstract: A method for selectively functionalizing a non-modified solid surface to create a photoresponsive coating layer includes: functionalizing a non-modified solid surface only, which is not oxidized and nitrified, with hydrogen; forming an EGPA coating layer on the non-modified solid surface functionalized with hydrogen using light; forming an EGA coating layer by removing an amine protecting group or an amine salt from the EGPA coating layer; and forming a coating layer having a photoresponsive functional group on the non-modified solid surface using the EGA coating layer.

Abstract: A process for forming room temperature water soluble polymer coatings on porous substrates by forming a solution of a room temperature water soluble polymer, one or more crosslinkers, a solvent for the room temperature water soluble polymer such as water and optionally one or more porogens, or functional agents, stirring the mixture until all the components are dissolved, adding the solution to a porous structure such as a non-woven fabric or a porous membrane and drying the solution on to the substrate as a coating before subjecting the coating to crosslinking. Alternatively, the coating may be partially crosslinked before drying the solution. Porous structures having a room temperature water soluble polymer coating and being capable of convective flow through the pores of the structure and diffusive flow through the coating can be formed.

Abstract: A coated article comprising a metal surface, a first layer of an uncured autodeposition coating and a second uncured paint layer deposited sequentially on the surface without intermediate curing of the autodeposition coating, a process of co-curing said autodeposition coating and paint layer or layers, and a cured coated article having chemical bonds between the cured autodeposition coating layer and at least the cured paint layer immediately adjacent to the cured autodeposition coating layer.

Abstract: A process for producing a metallic-nanoparticle inorganic composite 10 includes an oxide film formation step in which an oxide film 14 having micropores is formed on a substrate by a sol-gel method in which a metal alkoxide is partly hydrolyzed by the action of an acid catalyst, a tin deposition step in which the oxide film 14 is brought into contact with an acidic aqueous solution of tin chloride, an excess Sn2+ ion removal step in which Sn2+ ions are removed from the micropores, a metallic-nanoparticle deposition step in which the oxide film 14 is brought into contact with an aqueous solution of a metal chelate to deposit metallic nanoparticles 12 in the micropores, and an excess metal ion removal step in which metal ions are removed from the micropores; and a metallic-nanoparticle inorganic composite 10 is produced by this process.

Abstract: A cellulose acylate film showing 10 marks/m2 or less of adhesion marks and having an in-plane retardation value (Re value) of 0 to 200 nm and a retardation value along the thickness direction (Rth value) of 30 to 500 nm. The cellulose acylate film shows favorable optical uniformity and can provide an improved liquid crystal display.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for providing a coating-type film, including, coating a solution including an organic metal compound on a surface of a substrate including a semiconductor substrate to form a coating film, heating the coating film to volatize a solvent in the coating film, and performing a treatment including at least one of a heat treatment, an ozone treatment and a moisture treatment to remove impurities from the coating film.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyurethane coated glove includes steps of: coating a knitted glove with a solvent, wherein the solvent is prepared by a polyurethane resin and a component selected from the group consisting of N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide (DMAC), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), wherein the component participates in synthesizing the polyurethane resin; treating the knitted glove with water bath; drying the knitted glove under 100˜110° C., for 50˜60 minutes; and recycling the component in the solvent from the water after treating with water bath by vacuum decompression.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for alkaline saponification of a polymer film, comprising: an alkaline-solution coating step of coating a polymer film with an alkaline solution; a temperature keeping step of keeping the polymer film coated with the alkaline solution at temperature equal to or higher than room temperature; a reaction terminating step of terminating the reaction by applying a diluting solvent or an acid solution to the polymer film kept at the temperature; and a washing step of washing away the alkaline solution from the polymer film on which the reaction has been terminated, wherein the reaction terminating step uses a bar coater having a flat-surface bar to apply the diluting solvent or acid solution to the polymer film and remove the alkaline solution from the polymer film.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a method of preparing a porous media substrate, comprising combining metal or semi-metal oxide particulates with a polymeric binder, wherein the metal or semi-metal oxide particulates are associated with at least one water soluble coating formulation additive. At least a portion of the water soluble coating formulation additive i) is in the form of unreacted additive, or ii) generates undesired electrolytes. Additional steps include removing at least a portion of the unreacted additive or undesired electrolytes, either before or after combining the metal or semi-metal oxide particulates with the polymeric binder, thereby forming a refined coating composition; and applying the refined coating composition to a media substrate to form an ink-receiving layer having a porous surface.

Abstract: A process which comprises applying a water-soluble resin composition comprising a water-soluble vinyl resin, a compound having at least two amino groups in the molecule, a solvent, and, if necessary, an additive such as a surfactant on a resist pattern (2) formed on a substrate (1) to form a water-soluble resin film (3) , modifying part of the water-soluble resin film adjacent to the resist pattern through mixing to form a water-insolubilized layer (4) which cannot be removed by water washing on the surface of the resist pattern, and removing unmodified part of the water-soluble resin film by water washing and which enables the effective scale-down of separation size and hole opening size of a resist pattern to a level finer than the limit of resolution of the wave length of exposure.

Abstract: A method for depositing a high-k dielectric material on a semiconductor substrate is disclosed. The method includes applying a chemical bath to a surface of a substrate, rinsing the surface, applying a co-reactant bath to the surface of the substrate, and rinsing the surface. The chemical bath includes a metal precursor which includes at least a hafnium compound, an aluminium compound, a titanium compound, zirconium compound, a scandium compound, a yttrium compound or a lanthanide compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to process for coating a metal surface, wherein said process comprises contacting the metal surface with a barrier coating comprising (a) an amine salt of a fatty acid or an amine salt of a derivative of a fatty acid, (b) a salt of a non polymeric aromatic acid, (c) optionally, a nonionic or anionic surfactant, and (d) water. The invention further comprises a process for cleaning a metal surface containing residues, which comprises contacting the metal surface, exposed to the barrier coating, with water to remove residues that have deposited after applying the barrier coating to the metal surface.

Abstract: A method for the production of a conductive flexible textile array. The method includes the application of an oxidizing agent to selected areas of the textile; coating the textile with pyrrole by vapor deposition to form a conductive coated textile having a polypyrrole network; stabilizing the conductive coated textile; and forming the conductive flexible textile arrays as a sensor. With this method of production, the degree of polymerization of the conjugated polymer, the morphology and the rate of the capacitance delay is carefully controlled. As such, stable flexible textile sensors are produced with various levels of sensitivities and conductivities which are particularly useful for designed applications.

Abstract: A film contains a first polymer having a plurality of hydrogen bond donating moieties, and a second polymer having a plurality of hydrogen bond accepting moieties. The second polymer is hydrogen bonded to the first polymer.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting or preventing bonding between snow or ice and a substrate. The method includes applying an adhesive to the substrate, broadcasting an aggregate onto the adhesive, the aggregate having the capacity to receive an anti-icing chemical into the aggregate, and applying the anti-icing chemical onto the aggregate so that at least a portion of the anti-icing chemical is received into at least a portion of the aggregate.

Abstract: An optical compensatory sheet comprises a cellulose ester film, an orientation layer and an optically anisotropic layer formed of liquid crystal molecules in this order. Alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is fixed. An alkaline solution is coated on a surface of the cellulose ester film to saponify the surface. The saponified surface is coated with a coating solution of the orientation layer.

Abstract: A transfer belt for a paper machine has a substrate and a coating on at least one flat side. The coating has an inner layer and an outer layer adjacent thereto. The outer layer has a porous structure having cavities open toward the outer side.

Abstract: An impregnation process of a porous support including immersing the support in an aqueous colloidal dispersion of ionomeric (per)fluorinated polymer, containing suiphonyl fluoride groups and having a concentration greater than 15% by weight, thermal treatment at 200° C. or less, conversion of the ionomer sulphonyl groups into the corresponding salts, ionomer crosslinking when ionomer equivalent weight is less than 650 g/eq.

Abstract: There are provided a dust generation preventing structure of a wafer storage case and a process for preventing dust generation thereof, wherein dust generation is effectively prevented by blocking or suppressing free movement of particles constantly generated from a surface of a wafer storage case of a synthetic resin with a coating layer of a surfactant, and a wafer storing method using the wafer storage case. The wafer storage case of synthetic resin is used for housing wafers, and a surface of the wafer storage case is coated with a coating layer of a coating agent to prevent dust generation from the surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for fabricating ultrathin monolayers or ultrathin multilayer films, the process comprising the steps of: introducing positive or negative charge or a material capable of hydrogen-bonding to a substrate and placing the substrate on a spinner(pretreating step); introducing a material (A) bindable with the material deposited on the substrate, and spinning the substrate at 500 rpm to 30000 rpm for 4 to 200 seconds(first coating step); dropping washing solvent onto the substrate after completion of the first coating and spinning the substrate at 500 rpm to 30000 rpm for 4 to 200 sec to remove weakly-bound material (A) and form a thin film (A)(first washing step); introducing another material (B) bindable with the material (A) coated on the substrate and further coating it in the same condition as of the first coating(second coating step), dropping washing solvent onto the substrate after completion of the second coating and spinning the substrate at 500 rpm to 30000 rpm for

Abstract: A method of developing latent fingerprints involves the preparation of an 8-quinolinol complex by mixing a solution of 8-hydroxyquinoline or a derivative with a complexing reagent such as a metal salt. The solution is then applied to a porous substrate, such as paper, containing the latent fingerprint where the soluble complex is adsorbed onto the surface of the latent print and precipitates thereon. The unadsorbed solution is then removed from the substrate allowing the precipitate to highlight the latent image. The choice of the complexing reagent will determine the color of the precipitate and whether or not it is flourescent.

Abstract: A method for forming an optical thin film used for optical elements of laser systems including high-energy lasers and an optical element of optical apparatuses is provided. The optical thin film can be easily formed on a desired substrate with reproducibility by vapor-depositing a porous fluoride layer for preventing reflection in the deep ultraviolet region, and can be easily removed in a short time to reuse the substrate if the thin film damaged. A water-insoluble material (2) for preventing reflection is vapor-deposited onto an optical element substrate (1). A water-soluble material (3) having a higher particle energy is vapor-deposited onto the surface of the water-insoluble material (2). The water-soluble material (3) permeates deep into the water-insoluble material (2) to form a mixed film on the surface of the substrate (1). Then, the water-soluble material (3) is dissolved and removed to form a porous thin film (5) comprising the water-insoluble material (2).

Abstract: A process for impregnating a porous part is provided. In one embodiment, the process comprises impregnating the part with an impregnant that is not water soluble, and curing the impregnated part in a water bath. In another embodiment, the process comprises impregnating a part with an impregnant that is not water soluble, washing the impregnated part in a washing solution, and then curing the impregnated part in a water bath.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an artificial leather having nap very little oriented on the surface and having short fibers densely, and hence having a good nubuck-like look and hand, and also relates to a production process thereof. The present invention provides an artificial leather having a nap surface of ultra-fine fibers at least on one side, which is formed by applying an elastic polymer to an ultra-fine fiber-entangled substrate, characterized by being 0.3 g/cm3 or more in the apparent density of the artificial leather, being 0.5 mm or less in the nap length, and being 25% or less in the R value obtained from the goniometric reflectance distribution measured with the nap surface rotated from 0 degree to 180 degrees using a goniophotometer.

Abstract: A method for texturing substrate surfaces and a substrate product, such as for computer disk drives. Microbump textured substrates are produced having a Rp value of about 20-200 Å and a ratio of Rmax:Rp of about 1.4 or less. In an exemplary embodiment, a microbump textured substrate is produced having colloidal particles on a surface thereof at a density of at least about 25 particles per 25 &mgr;m2, wherein the surface topography includes a Rp value of about 20-200 Å, a micro-roughness Rq of about 10 Å or less, and a ratio of Rmax:Rp of about 1.4 or less. An exemplary method includes first providing a substrate surface having a surface micro-roughness Rq of about 10 Å or less and depositing colloidal particles on the surface to provide a Rp value of about 20-200 Å and a ratio of Rmax:Rp of about 1.4 or less. In a further exemplary embodiment, the method increases the micro-roughness Rq, but to a value that is still less than about 10 Å with Rmax:Rp still of about 1.