Abstract: A method of treating a painted surface such as of vehicle or glass to form a film which protects the surface and can be easily cleaned, is described. A treatment solution including a non-water soluble surfactant mixed with water is rubbed onto the surface being protected until a tacky film forms on the surface. The tacky film is then rinsed from the surface until the surface is free of any streaks. The resulting protective film is beneficial to protect the surface against exposure to pollution, hand water deposits, acid contaminants, ultraviolet rays and the like.

Abstract: A reaction rinse containing strong alkali, betaine surfactants, and a complexing agent for iron enhances the gloss of a dried and cured autodeposited coating that is contacted with the reaction rinse while still wet, particularly if the autodeposited coating consists predominantly of a copolymer of vinylidene chloride.

Abstract: A process for producing a molecular sieve silica membrane comprising depositing a hybrid organic-inorganic polymer comprising at least one organic constituent and at least one inorganic constituent on a porous substrate material and removing at least a portion of the at least one organic constituent of the hybrid organic-inorganic polymer, forming a porous film.

Abstract: A faster and more efficient method for applying ultra thin films to substrate surfaces is disclosed. The method comprises heating a film forming composition comprising amphiphilic molecules to a liquid state, immersing the substrate surface in the heated liquid composition to heat the surface, and washing away the excess composition. For surfaces that ordinarily have insufficient or no chemical moieties reactive with the amphiphilic molecules, the immersion in the heated composition causes the substrate to become porous and expose previously unavailable chemically reactive moieties in the surface matrix. The amphiphilic molecules then self-assemble, chemically bond to the surface matrix and self-polymerize with each other and with other surface matrix-bound and/or surface-bound molecules to form the ultra thin surface film. The method is also faster and more efficient for coating non porous and metal surfaces.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel composition of matter comprising a polyacid and a polymer containing repeating units which contain one or more basic atoms. The complex is water-soluble and electrically conductive. The complex is useful in providing organic discharge layers for use in electronic applications and fabrications.

Abstract: A silver composition is disclosed which contains silver powder or flake, a water soluble binder, an organic water soluble solvent and an inorganic binder. Generally, the composition will also contain water. The water soluble binder is especially chosen such that it has the property after dissolution in water, followed by water removal that it can be again dissolved in water (as opposed to water resistance as in a paint). The silver composition as a film or coating also lacks water resistance (prior to a firing operation) which can aid in pattern formation.

Abstract: A synthetic reinforcement having surface features that facilitate adhesion of the reinforcement to another surface and a process for making the same is disclosed. The synthetic reinforcement is comprised of a plurality of continuous fibers that are maintained in position by a resin encasement. An external surface of the synthetic reinforcement can be characterized by micro-recesses that are located in a generally random pattern, which increases the surface area of the resin encasement.

Abstract: A coating composition which imparts anti-reflective and anti-fog properties to substrates coated therewith. The coating composition utilizes an inorganic metal oxide in combination with silane or a siloxane oligomer. The coating compositions are particularly useful in the manufacture of disposable surgical masks and face shields. Methods of coating are also disclosed.

Abstract: Hydrophilizing compositions based on aqueous colloidal silica and zirconyl salts and a process for rendering surfaces hydrophilic with such compositions are provided.

Abstract: An information recording layer on a substrate provides a method of recording information by selectively opening the rings of dicyclopentadiene skeletons, thus recording information by forming cyclopentadiene skeletons. The information recorded by the method can be erased by the cycloaddition of cyclopentadiene skeletons. Information can also be recorded or erased by incorporating or eliminating a metal ion from a selectively opened section of a ring of a dicyclopentadiene skeleton after forming an organic thin film comprising the dicyclopentadiene skeleton. Alternatively, after the formation of an organic thin film comprising a cyclopentadiene skeleton, a heterocycle or a benzene ring, a metal ion is incorporated or eliminated from a section between at least two rings of the cyclopentadiene skeleton, the heterocycle or the benzene ring. Thereafter, a metallocene skeleton or a skeleton analogous to the metallocene skeleton is formed or eliminated, thus recording or erasing information.

Abstract: A method for identifying and protecting activated surface portions of a plastic substrate is provided. The method includes the steps of providing a plastic substrate having one or more activated surface portions and applying a solution containing a water-soluble, organic film-forming substance onto the substrate. The solution coats only the activated portions of the substrate surface. The method further includes the steps of drying the solution to form a temporary protective film on the activated portions of the surface, thereby rendering the activated portions less susceptible to abrasion or disruption during handling.

Abstract: Disclosed is a painting method which comprises applying a synthetic resin having an adhesivity and a dye staining property to the surface of a drawn body 10 comprising a metal, glass, ceramics or plastics at 0.1-100 .mu.m thickness, drying the coated synthetic resin to form an accepting layer 11 on the drawn body 10, drawing a character or a pattern on the surface of the accepting layer 11 with a drawing material 12 containing a sublimation dye which is capable of fixing the accepting layer 11 and drying the drawing material 12,wherein the drawing material 12 contains a releasable resin 12a which become releasable after drying or a water-soluble resin 12b, and after drying, the releasable resin 12a is peeled off or the water-soluble resin 12b is dissolved by water and removed.

Abstract: A non-metallic antimicrobial impregnated medical implant, such as a catheter, and a method for impregnating a non-metallic medical implant with an antimicrobial agent is provided. The method for making the impregnated implant comprises the steps of forming an antimicrobial composition of an effective concentration to inhibit the growth of organisms, such as staphylococci, other gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacilli and Candida and applying the antimicrobial composition to at least a portion of the medical implant under conditions where the antimicrobial composition permeates the material of the medical implant. The antimicrobial composition is formed by dissolving an antimicrobial agent in an organic solvent, adding a penetrating agent to the composition, and adding an alkalinizing agent to the composition. The antimicrobial composition is preferably heated to a temperature between about 30.degree. C. and 70.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for preparing high resolution wash-off polyimide images is described having the sequential steps of (a) providing a non-photosensitive layer containing a substantially non-crystalline poly(amic acid) polymer or salt thereof on a substrate; (b) applying an aqueous ink imagewise to the non-photosensitive layer to change the solubility in the ink-applied areas, the aqueous ink containing a solubility altering agent; (c) washing the non-photosensitive layer with an aqueous solution to remove the soluble areas; and (d) converting the poly(amic acid) polymer to a polyimide.

Abstract: An information recording layer on a substrate provides a method of recording information by selectively opening the rings of dicyclopentadiene skeletons, thus recording information by forming cyclopentadiene skeletons. The information recorded by the method can be erased by the cycloaddition of cyclopentadiene skeletons. Information can also be recorded or erased by incorporating or eliminating a metal ion from a selectively opened section of a ring of a dicyclopentadiene skeleton after forming an organic thin film comprising the dicyclopentadiene skeleton. Alternatively, after the formation of an organic thin film comprising a cyclopentadiene skeleton, a heterocycle or a benzene ring, a metal ion is incorporated or eliminated from a section between at least two rings of the cyclopentadiene skeleton, the heterocycle or the benzene ring. Thereafter, a metallocene skeleton or a skeleton analogous to the metallocene skeleton is formed or eliminated, thus recording or erasing information.

Abstract: At least one monomolecule film is formed on a transparent substrate surface directly or via a protective film. The monomolecule film is formed with chemical coupling of chlorosilane surface active compound, for example, of the formula:F(CF.sub.2).sub.m (CH.sub.2).sub.n SiR.sub.q X.sub.3-qwhere m is an integer of from 1 to 15, n is an integer of from 0 to 15 provided that the total of m and n is an integer of from 10 to 30 and R is an alkyl or an alkoxyl group, orF(CF.sub.2).sub.m' (CH.sub.2).sub.n' A(CH.sub.2).sub.p SiR.sub.q X.sub.3-qwhere m' represents an integer ranging from 1 to 8, n' represents an integer ranging from 0 to 2, p represents an integer ranging from 5 to 25, q represents an integer ranging from 0 to 2, X represents a halogen atom or an alkoxyl group, R represents an alkyl or an alkoxyl group, and A represents --O--, a --COO-- or --Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --. The transparent substrate such as glass is made hydrophobic and free of contamination.

Abstract: A process for preparing coating compositions of a commingled hydrogel of a polyurethane-polyurea polymer hydrogel and at least one other polymer hydrogel of a polymer different from polyurethane-polyurea; a process for making materials composed of a polymeric plastic or rubber substrate or a metallic substrate, with a coating of the commingled hydrogel thereon; and a process for making medical devices with a coating of the commingled hydrogel thereon, are disclosed. The coating compositions tenaciously adhere to the substrate materials and medical devices to which they are applied due to bonding of a tie coat to a reactive substrate surface and due to the commingling of the two hydrogel components. The coating compositions and coated materials and medical devices are non-toxic and biocompatible, making them ideally suited for use in applications such as for catheters, catheter balloons and stents.

Abstract: A method for removing cured sulfur-containing polymer sealants from surfaces is disclosed. The method comprises applying to the surface a sealant remover comprising at least about 50 wt. % of a pyrrolidone, especially N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and allowing the cured sulfur-containing polymer and the remover to remain in contact until the cured sulfur-containing polymer is loosened and can be easily removed from the surface. The method of the invention enables fast, effective removal of the sulfur-containing polymer sealants commonly used in the aerospace, construction, and insulating-glass industries.

Abstract: Methods for purifying aqueous waste streams containing a water reducible paint composition and equipment systems capable of conducting such methods are provided. In general terms the methods can be practiced by first providing an aqueous waste stream comprising a minor amount of a water reducible paint composition. This aqueous waste stream will commonly have a water content of at least 95 percent by weight. An acid, preferably sulfuric acid, is then admixed with the aqueous waste stream to form a suspension comprising water and precipitated paint compounds. Following the precipitation step a portion of the precipitated paint compounds are separated from the water.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ornament with a thin film formed on the ornament surface. The thin film includes a fluorocarbon-based adsorbed monomolecular film, and the thin film is covalently bonded to the ornament. By contacting the ornament with the non-aqueous solution containing a chlorosilane group at one end and a fluorocarbon chain at the other end, a reaction occurs between hydroxyl groups at the ornament surface and the chlorosilyl groups of the material having a plurality of chlorosilyl grounds. A monomolecular film which is covalently bonded to the ornament surface is thereby obtained. A thin, fluorine-containing, monomolecular film thus can be formed on the ornament such that it is, chemically bonded to the ornament. The film is anti-contaminating, water-and oil-repelling, durable and does not spoil the intrinsic luster of the ornament.

Abstract: The cleaned surface of an aluminum or aluminum alloy product, for example, aluminum coil, is treated with a 0.5 to 3 second spray of a chromating bath heated to 40.degree. to 60.degree. C., said bath having a pH of 1.0 to 3.0 and containing 0.1 to 3.0 g/L of tungstate ions and/or molybdate ions, 0.5 to 4.0 g/L of hexavalent chromium ions, 5.0 to 30.0 g/L of phosphate ions, and 0.05 to 2.0 g/L of free fluoride ions. A highly corrosion-resistant, highly paint-adherent chromate coating can thereby be formed on the surface of aluminum in less time than that required by prior phosphoric acid-based chromating treatments.

Abstract: A synthetic reinforcement having a plurality of recesses on a surface to facilitate adhesion to wood structural members and a process for making the same is disclosed. The synthetic reinforcement is comprised of a plurality of continuous fibers that are maintained in position by a resin encasement. The surface of the synthetic reinforcement is characterized by recesses that are located in a generally random pattern, which increases the surface area of the resin encasement. The synthetic reinforcement is connectable to wood laminae or itself with commercial grade adhesives such as the resorcinol resins, which are suitable for adhering the wood laminae together.

Abstract: Compositions based on blends of certain specified poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers and other poly(vinyl alcohol) polymers are described which are useful as sizes, and have improved ability to be desized from fabrics compared with the other poly(vinyl alcohol) polymers alone. The specific poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers useful in the blends with other poly(vinyl alcohol) polymers are copolymers having a high level of acrylic ester comonomer. The blend sizes are useful in producing woven materials since they are excellent sizes, and are uniquely adaptable to caustic desizing.

Abstract: A method for preparing high resolution, negative-working, wash-off relief images, preferably using ink jet printing, comprising the sequential steps of: (a) providing a non-photosensitive layer comprising an acid-containing polymer; (b) applying an ink imagewise to the non-photosensitive layer to produce image areas and unimaged areas, said ink comprising an esterification agent which is capable of reacting with the acid groups in the polymer to form water-insoluble ester groups; (c) drying the non-photosensitive layer to induce or accelerate the esterification reaction between the acid groups and the esterification agent in the imaged areas; and (d) washing the non-photosensitive layer with an aqueous developer solution to remove the unimaged areas of the non-photosensitive layer is described.

Abstract: The invention to provide a chemically adsorbed monomolecular lamination film comprising a chemically adsorbed monomolecular film formed via a siloxane-based monomolecular or polymer film on a substrate surface.

Abstract: A mechanical plating process and composition for applying tin- and nickel-containing mechanically plated coatings, which exhibit improved brightness and corrosion resistance, to metal articles.

Abstract: A non-chromate conversion coating for metal surfaces such as aluminum, steel, galvanized steel and zinc-aluminum steel consisting of an aqueous solution of a cationic polymer, an alkaline aqueous silicate and an organofunctional silane.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for decorating metal surfaces contaminated with water insoluble contaminants. The method prevents the formation of undesired etching and pitting of treated surfaces, thereby increasing reflectivity of such surfaces, increasing the mobility of articles treated by such method and decreasing the amount of surface coating required to achieve a desired coating thickness as compared to conventional treatment and coating methods. In one embodiment of the invention, contaminating oils present on the surface of metal containers are removed using a terpene finishing agent resulting in a metal surface roughness average of less than about 10.0 Ra.

Abstract: Compositions based on blends of certain specified poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers and various starches are described which are useful as sizes, and can have improved ability to be desized from fabrics compared with the starches alone. The specific poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers useful in the blends with the starches are copolymers having a high level of acrylic ester comonomer. The blend sizes are useful in producing woven materials since they are excellent sizes, and are uniquely adaptable to caustic desizing.

Abstract: A hydrogen-absorbing alloy electrode comprises a conductive substrate, a layer of hydrogen-absorbing alloy granules disposed on the conductive substrate and a binder for binding the granules together and to the conductive substrate. A part of the granules is exposed on a surface of the layer on the electrode. The layer may have a predetermined thickness and the granules may include large size granules having a maximum diameter larger than half the thickness of the layer but smaller than the thickness of the layer. The granules may include first granules having a first average diameter and second granules having a second average diameter smaller than the first average diameter; the first granules may be 5 wt % or more but less than 20 wt % of the total weight of the granules.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a non-wettable glass sheet comprising a hydrophobic, oleophobic, UV resistant layer and a process for manufacturing the same. The process in accordance with the present invention includes cleaning the glass sheet, contacting the glass sheet with a solution containing a fluorinated organosilane in a non-polar solvent system at a temperature ranging between -10.degree. C. and 25.degree. C. for at least 5 minutes, and rinsing.

Abstract: A non-chromate conversion coating for metal surfaces such as aluminum, steel, galvanized steel and zinc-aluminum steel consisting of an aqueous solution of a cationic polymer, an alkaline aqueous silicate and an organofunctional silane.

Abstract: A method of treating surfaces to facilitate removal of graffiti comprises applying a coating of anti-graffiti material to a surface to form a graffiti barrier on the surface.. The anti-graffiti material is substantially free of organic solvents and comprises a water-based material containing waxes, sodium silicate, rosins, gums or combinations thereof. To remove graffiti applied to the coated surface, the surface is power washed with heated pressurized water having a pressure greater than 250 psi, and preferably in excess of 1000 psi. The surface is power washed, as needed, to remove graffiti, and following each one, two or several power washings, the anti-graffiti material is re-applied to the surface.

Abstract: Members with excellent water- and oil-repelling, and anti-contaminating properties are provided by exposing fillers partially protruding from the surfaces of fiber reinforced plastics or fiber reinforced metals and chemically adsorbing a chlorosilane-based chemical adsorbent to the rough surface of the fiber reinforced plastic or metal substrate. A siloxane-based chemically adsorbed monomolecular film or a polysiloxane chemically adsorbed film is formed on the substrate by chemically adsorbing a chemical adsorbent having numerous chlorosilane groups to the substrate surface. Following that, a chlorosilane-based chemical adsorbent having fluorocarbon groups is chemically adsorbed to the film, thus forming a chemically adsorbed monomolecular or polymer film with water- and oil-repelling properties.

Abstract: A method of making a semipermeable composite membrane comprising a discriminating layer formed insitu by interfacial polymerization is disclosed. The method provides for removal of a water immiscible solvent for a reactant in the interfacial polymerization by physical means not requiring a phase change such as a water knife, air knife, roller, or rubber blade. Composite membranes having good flux, good salt rejection, and low levels of remaining organic solvent are obtained.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a non-wettable glass sheet comprising a hydrophobic, oleophobic, UV resistant layer and a process for manufacturing the same. The process in accordance with the present invention includes cleaning the glass sheet, contacting the glass sheet with a solution containing a fluorinated organosilane in a non-polar solvent system at a temperature ranging between -10.degree. C. and 25.degree. C. for at least 5 minutes, and rinsing.

Abstract: A multi-component polish composition and polishing process for a surface. The polish composition comprises a multi-component mixture which when applied to a surface, e.g., the painted surface of a vehicle, under effective drying conditions forms a substantially dry hydrophilic wax-containing film which may be substantially removed from the surface by water rinsing of the surface whereby a hydrophobic protective layer is provided to the surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for separating components of liquids in industrial processes for cleaning of articles. The process is directed toward a terpene-based cleaning system including washing and rinsing of contaminated articles and which further includes separating components of used wash and/or rinse solutions into component parts so that terpene components of the solutions can be recycled for further washing and the water component of the solutions can be purified and recycled for rinsing. The method can include filtering a stream directly from the wash solution to avoid fouling of the filter. The method also includes using a cross flow filter having a pore size of between about 50 .ANG. and about 7,500 .ANG. to effectively separate water from remaining components of the contaminated wash solution.

Abstract: A method of treating a nonferrous metal substrate such as aluminum with an acid activating agent such as HF followed by treating with an organophosphate or organophosphonate. The treatment provides for improved adhesion and flexibility as well as resistance to humidity, salt spray corrosion and detergents of subsequently applied coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacture of an optical lens providing refractive index modulation, characterized in that, starting from a previously shaped lens of transparent hydrophilic polymer of the hydrogel type, the lens is impregnated with a photopolymerizable composition containing at least one monomer and a photoinitiator in solution in a solvent which causes swelling of the lens, the impregnated lens is subjected to irradiation which is spatially modulated in irradiation intensity and/or irradiation time, thus causing local selective polymerization of the monomer, whereupon the excess quantity of photoinitiator and non-polymerized monomer is removed by solvent extraction.

Abstract: A method for preparing high resolution wash-off images, preferably using ink jet printing, comprising the sequential steps of: (a) providing a non-photosensitive layer, preferably on a substrate, wherein the non-photosensitive layer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of acid containing polymers having at least 0.4 milliequivalents of acid functions per gram of polymer and amine containing polymers having at least 0.4 milliequivalents of amine functions per gram of polymer, (b) applying an aqueous ink imagewise to the non-photosensitive layer to form a salt of the polymer in the ink applied areas, said aqueous ink comprising an aqueous carrier medium and a salt-forming agent; and (c) washing the non-photosensitive layer with an aqueous solution to remove the imaged areas of the non-photosensitive layer.

Abstract: A process for impregnating and sealing porous articles wherein the excess impregnant can easily be removed from the surface of the article by washing with water without the use of organic solvents or surfactants either in the aqueous wash solution or the impregnating solution wherein the sealant comprises mixtures of selected acrylate or methacrylate monomers and hydroxy-terminated acrylates or methacrylates.

Abstract: Filaments of p-aramid yarns are impregnated with a polyaniline by passage through a polyaniline/sulfuric acid bath.

Abstract: The adhesion and/or corrosion resistance of a autodeposited coating can be improved by rinsing the uncured coating with an aqueous treatment solution that has a pH between 7 and 11 and contains between 0.05 and 5 w/o of anions derived from multifunctional organic acids, preferably anions of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, and/or oxalic acid. The method is particularly useful on leaf springs and other metallic objects with surfaces of high carbon and/or shot blasted steel, and is particularly useful in conjunction with an autodeposition bath containing internally stabilized poly {vinylidene chloride} latex, hydrofluoric acid, ferric fluoride, and hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A method for finishing metal surfaces, especially that of metal containers, using a cleaning agent having a substantially neutral pH is provided. In one embodiment of the invention lubricants and coolants used during container forming processes are cleaned from the surface of metal containers by using a terpene cleaning agent comprising d-limonene, alpha-terpineol, beta-terpineol, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, alcohols of such agents or mixtures thereof. Surfactants may also be used to aid in the cleaning process. The organic component of the cleaning agent, as well as lubricants, coolants and aqueous components, are separated for recycling and re-use. Cleaning metal surfaces according to the method of the present invention has many attendant advantages including decreased roughness and increased reflectivity of metal surfaces, increased mobility on a container production line, and reduced amounts of paint, overcoat and internal coat required to decorate metal surfaces.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy preform having an outer surface portion prelubricated with a film of a water-microemulsifiable lubricant composition comprising an oil, an anionic surfactant, a non-ionic cosurfactant, and optionally a C.sub.10 -C.sub.36 mono- or dicarboxlyic acid. The lubricant composition is dissolved in an organic solvent (preferably hexane) and applied to the preform. The solvent evaporates, leaving a water-microemulsifiable lubricant film. The lubricated product is readily washable with water to microemulsify the lubricant film into a microemulsion.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of incorporating a modifier ingredient into the surface region of a resinous article is described herein. The basic process includes immersing the article in a liquid such as water and contacting the immersed article with a solution of a modifier ingredient in a solvent which is immiscible with the liquid. The improvement herein comprises running the process at a temperature lower than ambient or room temperature whereat substantially no solid material is formed on the surface of the water layer during the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for protecting metals which contain a mixture constituted by stearic acid, dicyclohexylamine, and an azole derivative, and more particularly to a composition containing from 0.8 to 1.4 g/l of 1-phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole, and from 0.005 to 0.01 g/l of the mixture stearic acid:dicyclohexylamine in the molar ratio 1:1, in solution in water, as well as to the process for its preparation, and to methods for protecting metals using said compositions.

Abstract: The method for forming a carbon resistance in a printed wiring board comprises, in a method for forming a carbon resistance in the circuit of a printed wiring board,a process of depositing a thermoset carbon resistance layer coated on a laminated film on the surface of the circuit, a process of thermosetting the carbon resistance layer along the disposal position necessary for the circuit, and a process of removing the uncured layer of the carbon resistance layer from the circuit surface after the thermosetting process.

Abstract: The method for forming a carbon resistance in a printed wiring board is characterized in that, in a method for forming a carbon resistance in the circuit of a printed wiring board, a carbon resistance to be disposed in the circuit which is formed in a laminated film is previously deposited on and correspondingly to the surface of said circuit, and the protective film of the carbon resistance of the laminated film is removed.