Abstract: An improved process is provided for treating a porous web (especially fabric) to produce a novel silicone polymer internally coated web. In the process, a starting curable liquid silicone polymer is coated under pressure upon one surface of the web, and the web is then subjected to localized shear forces sufficient to move the silicone polymer composition into interior portions of the web and to distribute the silicone polymer composition generally uniformly therwithin in such planar region. Excess silicone polymer composition is wiped away from a web surface. Thereafter, the resulting web is heated or irradiated to cure the silicone polymer. Preferably a web is preliminarily impregnated with a fluorochemical. Webs procuded by this process are breathable, waterproof or highly water repellent, and flexible.

Abstract: A method for regulating the thickness of an applied coating. The method includes passing a web through two members which define a gap between them. A sensor measures periodic variations in the thickness of the coating on the web. An automatic controller analyzes information from the sensor and converts the information into gap adjusting signals. Piezoelectric or magnetostrictive translators adjust the size of the gap to compensate for repeating variations in coating thickness.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device in a size press in which a nip is formed by a pair of rolls. A paper or board web is passed through the nip. The rolls are provided with surface-sizing units for applying films of size or coating agent onto faces of the rolls. Each surface-sizing unit comprises an application zone defined by a coating member, a front edge of the application zone and a feed chamber. The coating agent, such as a size, is fed, through holes or corresponding nozzles that have been formed into a wall of a feed pipe, into the feed chamber under pressure out of the feed pipe which is arranged transverse to the machine direction. The coating agent is fed out of the feed chamber into the application zone through a throttle placed between the feed chamber and the application zone. The throttle comprises a perforated plate or equivalent which extends across the width of the machine and which is detachably fixed to the frame constructions of the surface-sizing unit by fastening members.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating composition based on a polyester resin, an amino resin and an epoxy resin.The polyester resin is a carboxyl-functional polyester with a molecular weight of between 12000 and 25000.

Abstract: A net dressing in which the net substrate is encapsulated in a hydrophilic, tacky resin, the coating on the net substrate leaving the majority of the apertures in the net substrate unoccluded and a process for preparing the dressing.

Abstract: A process for producing a hard material from a cementitious mixture, the process including the steps of blending together a cement constituent and a filler constituent whilst in a dry condition to provide a compactable homogeneous mixture containing a predetermined volume of voids defined between filler particles up to a predetermined size, laying the dry mixture onto a substrate, sparingly applying water to the surface of the mixture to dampen the surface layer of the mixture for causing setting of the cement in said surface layer and subsequently applying more water for causing setting and hardening of the remainder of the cement.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for spreading a material on an object. The apparatus includes a continuously moving conveyor for moving the object in a downstream direction, and a dispenser for applying the material to the object. The apparatus also includes a carriage located above the conveyor, and a spreader coupled to the carriage for engaging the material applied to the object by the dispenser to spread the material on the object. The apparatus further includes a mechanism for moving the carriage in the downstream direction over the continuously moving object as the spreader engages the material, and another mechanism for providing movement of the spreader relative to the carriage from an first position in which the spreader engages the material to a second position in which the spreader disengages the material.

Abstract: A coated fabric comprising a fabric substrate and a coating thereupon, said coating comprising a plurality of layers wherein at least one of the layers comprises a polyester polyurethane having a Shore A hardness of at least 90 durometer, or a linear polyurethane elastomer formed from a polyol; a diisocyanate compound; a first extender component having a molecular weight of below about 500; and a second extender component; wherein the diisocyanate compound is initially reacted with the first extender component in a molar ratio of above 2:1 to form a modified diisocyanate component having a functionality of about 2 prior to reaction with the other components to provide relatively low temperature processing properties to the composition. Preferably, different layers of these polyurethanes are included.

Abstract: A metal strip (4) is continuously coated with a thermoset resin based paint by passing it through a pre-heating furnace (5) wherein it is raised to a pre-heat temperature of from 100.degree. to 210.degree. C., then through a coating applicator (6) wherein a solid, substantially solvent free block (11) of the paint composition is pressed against the strip (4) at a substantially constant pressure of from 10 to 100 kilopascals to cause a liquid layer (13) of the paint composition to be deposited on the strip, then through a roll type smoothing device (18) to smooth and spread the layer and doctor it to thickness, then through a curing furnace (8) to thermoset the layer, and finally through a quenching bath (9).

Abstract: A coating composition containing fluoropolymer adapted for roll coating is provided with a solvent system that is free of isophorone. The solvent system comprises an ester of an aromatic acid, a high molecular weight ketone, a high molecular weight alcohol, a glycol ether ester, and a hydrocarbon solvent having a high evaporation rate.

Abstract: Lightweight composite material which contains reinforcing fibres in a thermoset matrix and has been obtained by providing voluminous three-dimensional structures of reinforcing fibres more than 50 mm long, which are in the form of a knitted fabric or loop fabric with a hollow space content of at least 50 vol. %, with a thermosetting resin such that the lightweight composite material contains hollow spaces.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for producing a minute-patterned substrate required for optical disk substrates for information recording or the like, which process comprises forming a coating film of a solution containing a metal-organic compound and a thickener on a substrate, pressing a mold against the coating film on the substrate under a reduced pressure and heating the coating film to set up the coating film, then removing the mold, and heating the set coating film on the substrate. By the process it is possible to provide the substrate surface with a minute rough pattern, without generation of surface defects arising from the pressing of the mold against the coating film, and to set up the coating film in a short time and with good dimensional accuracy. It is therefore possible to produce a rough surface pattern with high productivity.

Abstract: A superconducting ceramics elongated body comprising a flexible ceramics elongated substrate and an oxide ceramics superconducting layer formed at least on a part of the surface of the ceramics elongated substrate to longitudinally extend along the ceramics elongated substrate. The superconducting ceramics elongated body further comprises a protective layer of ceramics containing a nitride, which is provided to at least cover the surface of the superconducting layer exposed on the ceramics elongated substrate. A method of manufacturing a superconducting ceramics elongated body by forming a longitudinally continuous superconducting layer on at least a part of the surface of a flexible ceramics elongated substrate. The superconducting layer is formed on the elongated substrate by a sol-gel method, a coating/sintering method, evaporation under oxygen ions, deposition from a fluoride solution or oxidation after application of corresponding fluorides.

Abstract: A composite material, suitable for use in a power transmission belt, having a rubber matrix and a plurality of short staple reinforcing fibers therein of methaphenyleneiso-phthalamide coated with one of a rubber latex and a rubber paste. The invention is also directed to a method of forming the composite material.

Abstract: A coated textile material, particularly for use as a durable filter fabric, is made from a textile substrate, such as a woven fabric, having a microporous coating of an elastomeric fluorocarbon polymer. The substrate may be formed from aramid or polyphenylene sulphide or glass fibres. The elastomeric polymer may be a vinylidene fluoride pentafluoropropene tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer. The microporous coating may be applied as a formed aqueous emulsion which is dried and mechanically crushed.

Abstract: A coating process for coating traveling webs comprises applying a first coating layer of a pigment substance on a portion of the shell surface of a rotatable roll not covered by the material web, and pressing the pigment substance onto the web in a press gap, thereby impregnating the web. This makes it possible to apply with maximum uniformity and without web breaks and wrinkles a second coating layer of a pigment substance immediately successive to the application of the first layer, while the first layer is still moist.

Abstract: A method for impregnating fibre bundles with molten or liquid resin in manufacturing a fibre-reinforced material, which material comprises one or more fibre bundles, wherein each fibre is surrounded by matrix resin, by impregnating a continuous web (10;10a) of one or more fibre bundles with molten or liquid resin (32, 33) and solidifying the resin by cooling or chemical reaction. During the impregnation the molten or liquid resin (35) material is made subject to shear forces by bringing it between two closely nearby surfaces (10;10a, 36;37) which are in moving relationship to each other.

Abstract: A process for preparing an orientation film for liquid crystals which comprises forming a base layer of a thermoplastic or non-thermoplastic resin to be used for the orientation film, on a substrate for liquid crystal display, and rubbing the base layer under heating at a temperature not lower than 50.degree. C. but below the melting temperature of decomposition temperature of the resin.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for selectively sintering a layer of powder to produce a part comprising a plurality of sintered layers. The apparatus includes a computer controlling a laser to direct the laser energy onto the powder to produce a sintered mass. The computer either determines or is programmed with the boundaries of the desired cross-sectional regions of the part. For each cross-section, the aim of the laser beam is scanned over a layer of powder and the beam is switched on to sinter only the powder within the boundaries of the cross-section. Powder is applied and successive layers sintered until a completed part is formed. Preferably, the powder dispensing mechanism includes a drum which is moved horizontally across the target area and counter-rotated to smooth and distribute the powder in an even layer across the target area. A downdraft system provides controlled temperature air flow through the target area to moderate powder temperature during sintering.

Abstract: A thin film bonding method and apparatus having structure for removing wetting agents applied to a thin film and base plate that are to be bonded by pressure and heat. A spray or rollers apply the wetting agent prior to the initial bonding of a leading edge of the thin film to a leading edge of the base plate. A pressure roller applies heat and pressure to the film and base plate, bonding them together as the roller rotates and drives the plate toward a cleaning position. Suction and agent removal rollers are used to remove the residual excess agent from the bonded film and the pressure roller. The removal rollers are joined together by a link mechanism that has a spring bias and is operation by a gear mechanism that provides a wiping action.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device and method for limiting of the width of coating in coating of paper or board. The coating agent is spread onto a moving base to be coated by means of a coating device provided with a grooved coating bar. The coating agent is spread substantially only over the width of the web and any coating agent extending substantially beyond the web width is scraped off the base to be coated with the aid of smooth end areas fitted at both ends of the coating bar. The invention is also related to a device for carrying out the method.

Abstract: A hot-melt sizing agent with melting point 50.degree.-100.degree. C. is attached to warps inside a heated chamber at a temperature of 150.degree. or below and at viscosity of 100 centipoise or below and the warps are thereafter bent inside the chamber by means of three or more free rollers. The hot-melt sizing agent contains 70 wt % or more of ester wax of one or more specified kinds and 30 wt % or less of hydrocarbon wax.

Abstract: A release coating is applied to a paper web or other woven or non-woven substrate in the form of a foam. A foamed saturant can also be applied to the paper web or other substrate followed by the application of a foamed or unfoamed release coating composition to the paper web, without an intermediate drying step between the application of the foamed saturant, and the application of the release coating.

Abstract: In a process for mass producing optical storage sheets, an elongate film of a liquid crystalline material is fed lengthwise along a path through an aligning gate. The aligning gate applies to successive areas of the film a field which aligns the molecules. The field may be an electric field and/or a shear field. An aligning layer, such as a surfactant layer may also be used for alignment of the film areas. The aligned film may then be cut into pieces for use as microfiches or microfilms. The film material is preferably a liquid crystal polymer material.

Abstract: Apparatus for enhancing the permanence of printed images. A substrate with a heated, fused toner image is passed by a PTFE powder coated roller for selective contact therewith by a pivotable engagement bar. The PTFE particles are adhered only to the desired imprinted areas and not to the non-printed and non-selected areas of the substrate. The powder is dispensed on a selective basis to the surface of the substrate. The invention also includes the method for enhancing the permanence of a printed image on the substrate.

Abstract: Microcapsules are applied in metered quantity to a paper web passing through an ingoing nip between a hard applicator roll and a soft backing roll. Metering is achieved by means of a deformable metering roll in adjustable pressure contact with the applicator roll and rotating in an opposite sense thereto to define an ingoing nip. Coating composition is fed to this nip from a pipe or by the roll dipping into a bath of coating composition. The metered coating emerging from the metering nip is re-distributed and smoothed by a deformable smoothing roll rotating in the same sense as the applicator roll and in contact therewith. The process facilitates application of relatively high solids microcapsule compositions at low wet coatweights.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing storage plates, plate frames (5) of storage batteries are material-coated by active material supply means which is provided with at least one rotating material application wheel. The wheel includes a dispensing element (14) with which the active material is dispensed to a conveyor belt or equivalent means which travels under the supply means (10) and conveys plate frames (5). The material application wheel/wheels (11,1a) of the supply means (10) is/are rotated at such a high speed that the material application wheel/wheels (11,1a) dispenses/dispense the active material (1) from the dispensing element (14) to the mobile conveyor belt (20) under the effect of centrifugal force. The invention also concerns a means for manufacturing storage batteries.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for encapsulating and containment of asbestos covered workpieces such as power equipment material. A resin and catalyst mix is applied to the asbestos covered surface. Glass is applied with the resin or after the resin. The surface is then compacted by brushing or rolling, to provide consistent application and to remove air bubbles. In certain instances, this material is applied to a chopped roving which is then applied to the surface prior to compaction. In the preferred embodiment, a chopper gun is used to apply the resin, catalyst, and glass mixture.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method is shown for continuously, in an on-line production, applying a layer of coating material to the horizontal upper surface of a fiber glass blanket and the opposed vertical edge surfaces in a generally even layer and curing the applied material to form surface and edge coated fiber glass duct liner material.

Abstract: A cable comprises strength members twisted along helicoidal lines of mutual contact, an outer coating covering the strength members and providing helicoidal reception spaces, each of which is delimited by the outer coating, two adjacent strength members and their line of contact. The optical fibres extend in the helicoidal spaces and the length of the fibres is greater than that of the lines of contact defining their reception spaces in order to provide an overlength and to allow variations in length in the strength members.

Abstract: The process provides for the structural reinforcement of manufactured articles made of stone or, in general, agglomerates by means of a sequence of steps which comprise the following: (a) the article to be treated is heated; (b) spraying on one surface of the article a particular adhesive called primer; (c) spraying on the same surface a resin preferably containing glass fibers or fibers of another material; (d) spraying on the same surface grit of stone having a constant and defined granulometry; (e) applying an action of vibration or compression on the article in order to facilitate the cohesion of the grit with the resin; (f) letting the resin undergo a catalytic reaction which eventually may require application of heat; (g) levelling the surface by mechanical operations. The same process may be repeated on the other surface of the article if one desires to cut the article along its thickness for the purpose of obtaining a very thin product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for regenerating an ink recording medium formed by successively laminating an anisotropic electrically conductive layer, a heating resistor layer for generating heat in response to application of an electric signal, an electrically conductive layer, an ink parting layer, and a heat-melting ink layer, in which the heat-melting ink layer after print-recording with the ink recording medium is regenerated by use of ink particles containing a binding resin and a coloring agent, the improvement is in that by use of the ink recording medium further including an ink parting layer having a thickness of 0.08 to 3 .mu.m, and a volume resistivity of 10.sup.8 .OMEGA. cm or more, the heat-melting ink layer after print-recording with the ink recording medium is electrified with the same polarity as the potential of electrified ink particles, and then the ink particles carried by an ink carrier is deposited on traces of transferred ink formed in the heat-melting ink layer.

Abstract: A gravure coating device and method for applying a coating to a first side of a traveling continuous web. A pair of spaced rollers support the web on the second side while a gravure roller located between the rollers tangentially contacts the first side of the web. A doctor blade is utilized to remove excess coating from the gravure roller while a nozzle is utilized to apply the coating material to the gravure roller.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for treating plastic structural sheets with a long lasting surfactant. The process encompasses exposing the surface of the sheet to a saturated solution of long lasting surfactant while the surface of the sheet is still tacky. A series of rollers forces the surfactant into the surface and distribute the surfactant uniformly across the sheet.

Abstract: A method for producing a light-transmissive phase change ink printed substrate is described which comprises providing a substrate, and then printing on at least one surface of the substrate a predetermined pattern of a light-transmissive phase change ink which initially transmits light in a non-rectilinear path. The pattern of solidified phase change ink is then reoriented to form an ink layer of substantially uniform thickness. This ink layer will, in turn, produce an image which then will transmit light in a substantially rectilinear path.In one aspect of the invention, the substrate is light transmissive, and the reoriented printed substrate exhibits a high degree of lightness and chroma, and transmits light in a substantially rectilinear path. In this way, the reoriented printed substrate can be used in a projection device to project an image containing clear, saturated colors.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying spaced apart discontinuous stripes of a fluid to the surface of a moving web. The apparatus includes a rotating applicator roll partially immersed in a bath of the fluid. A notched doctor blade in contact with the surface of the roll removes fluid from the surface of the roll except in the region of the notches to form spaced apart circumferential beads of the fluid on the surface of the roll. The moving web partially wraps the applicator roll where the beads are formed, but is travelling between 20 to 200 times the speed of the surface of the applicator roll, which results in a relatively even distribution of the fluid, in the form of a discontinuous stripe, on the surface of the web.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for applying to sheet steel an electrically insulating layer which permits mainly a satisfactory welding of the sheets when they have been blanked and stacked. The sheet steel is contacted with a treating liquor which contains a resin that is adapted to be diluted in an alkaline aqueous medium and also contains a fluoride of a polyvalent metal, particularly aluminum fluoride, in an amount of 0.1 to 80 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight resin. The treating liquor is subsequently dried and the sheet is subjected to a stress-relieving annealing, if required.In preferred embodiments of the invention a treating liquor is employed which additionally contains borates and/or dispersed particles comprising silicate and/or polymers and which is applied by means of rollers and is dried at 120.degree. to 350.degree. C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparing printed circuit boards having flattened solder bumps for the mounting of surface mount components is provided. Using well-known techniques, solder paste is screen-printed onto printed circuit boards and reflowed and cleaned to form discrete solder bumps. Using roller machines, the peaks of the solder bumps are flattened and adhesive solder flux is applied to the flattened tops of the solder bumps. The adhesive solder flux holds the surface mount components in position after placement and during vapor phase reflow.

Abstract: Improved techniques are provided for forming a very thin polycrystalline layer of a semiconductor material on a glass substrate. The film material may be formed from a slurry of a semiconductor powder and a liquid carrier, and the slurry economically applied at room temperature by spraying techniques. Once dried, the film is compressed by the application of a substantial mechanical force. The compressed film is regrown in a heated atmosphere, forming a polycrystalline film comprised of large mean diameter crystals, with many crystals having a mean diameter in excess of the film thickness. A high quality cadmium sulfide polycrystalline film suitable for forming a photovoltaic cells may be inexpensively manufactured according to these techniques.

Abstract: A process for impregnating a fibrous product, said fibrous product being a fabric woven from reinforcing fibres or a fabric of randomly disposed fibres, with a matrix polymer comprising causing partial impregnation of the fibrous structure by introducing the fibrous structure into a molten composition comprising the matrix polymer and a melt plasticizer for the matrix polymer and subsequently causing substantially complete wetting of the filaments of the fibrous structure by volatilizing the melt plasticizer from the partially impregnated structure at a temperature at which the polymer is molten, the melt plasticizer being thermally stable at the temperature of the melt and having volatility characteristics such that the plasticizer can be removed below the decomposition temperature of the melt but sufficiently involatile at the temperature of the melt to permit the viscosity of the melt to be reduced by comparison with the melt viscosity of the polymer at the same temperature.

Abstract: A method of operating a finishing machine includes impregnating all of the threads of an undivided warp formed of individual threads at full thread density with liquid sizing. All of the threads of the undivided warp are directly sprayed at full thread density with a post-treatment separating agent while the sizing is still in the liquid state. The individual threads of the warp are subsequently dried in an undivided manner at full thread density.

Abstract: A flame-resistant carpet tile having low smoke values and improved flame resistance which carpet tile comprises a primary backing having a fibrous face and a fibrous back, a barrier layer adjacent to fibrous back to an acrylic polymer heavily loaded with a metallic flame-retardant salt filler material which acrylic polymer is compatible with a vinyl chloride polymer layer and a relatively thick vinyl chloride polymer backing layer adhering to the barrier layer.The method of preparing a flame-resistant carpet tile which comprises pre-coating the back of a carpet with an acrylic polymer latex containing a metallic salt flame-retardant filler material, coating the latex material with a PVC layer, thereafter laying the latex PVC coated carpet into the top surface of a liquid PVC backing layer, heating the laid-in carpet to fuse the PVC layers, cooling the carpet and cutting the carpet into carpet tile.

Abstract: The size applicator includes first and second spaced-apart squeeze rolls supported for rotation on a common horizontal axis and having their lower peripheral surface portions at least partially submerged in size solution contained in an open top pan. A single combination immersion and squeeze roll is positioned between the first and second squeeze rolls and on a common horizontal azis with said first and second squeeze rolls. The lower peripheral surface of the combination immersion and squeeze roll is also at least partially submerged in the size solution and pressure engagement is applied between the combination roll and the first and second squeeze rolls to form a pair of yarn squeezing nips therebetween.

Abstract: A process for improving the embossing properties of foamed sheets on a PVC basis including the steps of (1) treating the foamed sheets with a lacquer solution of 10 to 20% by weight of a resin in 4 to 10% by weight of a lacquer solvent having a boiling point greater than 190.degree. C., and in 70 to 86% by weight of a lower boiling point organic solvent; (2) drying the lacquer treated sheet at temperatures ranging from 70.degree. to 100.degree. C.; and (3) embossing said dryed sheet at temperatures greater than 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of treating piston rings to render their surfaces extremely hard-wearing, wherein the rings are assembled in batches on a tubular mandrel which is then surrounded by a matching cylinder, the mandrel bearing the rings and the cylinder being subjected to relative cyclical motion while a slurry of hard silicon carbide particles is poured into the cylinder. Either the wall of the tubular mandrel, or the wall of the cylinder, or both, are provided with holes to allow the slurry to flow away. The cyclical motion may consist of relative rotation at 170 r.p.m. and simultaneous relative reciprocation at 5 cycles per minute. The slurry may consist of 220 mesh silicon carbide powder in oil, with the treatment lasting for one minute, and preferably this is followed by a further treatment of one minute with a 400 mesh silicon carbide particle slurry.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coating the back of carpet products providing improved control over coating weight, uniformity, and penetration. A layer of adhesive is formed on a rotating coating roll, and the upper edge of an applicator blade is brought into contact with the coated roll. The layer of adhesive is transferred to the upper edge of the applicator blade and flows under the effect of gravity to the lower edge of the blade. The back of the carpet is then pressed against the lower edge of the blade, simultaneously applying and spreading the adhesive.

Abstract: By inclusion of a fluorinated graphite material in conjunction with carbon black in the magnetic layer of a magnetic recording medium, the medium is improved significantly in its surface properties and electromagnetic performance properties as well as magnetic characteristics.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of a composite mat having smooth upper and lower faces which composite mat comprises a mat of fibrous material encapsulated within a resinous polymeric gel.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of and apparatus for producing a wear-resistant coating on a thin metallic strip, for example for the manufacture of coating scrapers for paper webs. After preparatory surface treatment the strip is passed longitudinally through a coating zone in which coating material in a molten state is sprayed onto the strip by a coating unit as the strip passes. The wear-resistant coating is built up in steps by the application of several coating layers one on top of the other, each being applied during a respective pass of the strip through the coating zone. The strip speed and the capacity of the coating unit are adjusted in relation to each other so that the heat supplied to the carrier material by each coating layer applied will be so slight in relation to the thermal capacity of the carrier material that the temperature increase in the carrier material does not cause any change in the physical properties of the carrier material.

Abstract: A flame-resistant carpet tile having low smoke values and improved flame resistance which carpet tile comprises a primary backing having a fibrous face and a fibrous back, a barrier layer adjacent to fibrous back to an acrylic polymer heavily loaded with a metallic flame-retardant salt filler material which acrylic polymer is compatible with a vinyl chloride polymer layer and a relatively thick vinyl chloride polymer backing layer adhering to the barrier layer.The method of preparing a flame-resistant carpet tile which comprises pre-coating the back of a carpet with an acrylic polymer latex containing a metallic salt flame-retardant filler material, coating the latex material with a PVC layer, thereafter laying the latex PVC coated carpet into the top surface of a liquid PVC backing layer, heating the laid-in carpet to fuse the PVC layers, cooling the carpet and cutting the carpet into carpet tile.