Abstract: A poromeric sheet material is provided with deporomerized areas selectively disposed at points where better mechanical strength is desired and where in addition better hydrostatic resistance is desired. Better mechanical strength means better abrasion resistance, better puncture resistance, better flex life. Better hydrostatic resistance means resistance to wetting-through, resistance to bibulousness, resistance to the passage of water-borne soiling agents. The deporomerized areas of the poromeric sheet material preferably are disposed in the areas where, for instance, a shoe upper made from the material is joined to the shoe sole, where the greatest flex-life is desired and where the greater waterproofness is desired. Other poromeric articles such as wearing apparel, upholstery and the like may be similarly provided with deporomerized areas selectively disposed in areas where better mechanical properties and better waterproofness may be desired.

Abstract: A wax applicator laminate for transfering wax compounds to a surface, the wax applicator laminate comprising a carrier sheet being substantially impervious to the passage of melted wax therethrough and being less adherent to solidified wax on a first surface thereof, and a layer comprising solidified wax which is adhered to the second surface of the carrier sheet. In the method of applying a coating of wax to a surface, the carrier sheet is heated to melt the solidified wax compound and to deposit a coating of wax on the surface.

Abstract: Electrical-insulating pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, the backing of which is a web of oriented polymeric fibers impregnated with a crosslinked polymeric resin to provide a voids-volume of less than 60%.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of wood is disclosed in which water-borne wood treatment materials, such as CCA salts, are forced into the wood under pressure and the water-borne wood treatment materials are held within the wood under pressure until they are deposited as by precipitation or chemical affixation. The precipitation or chemical affixation step is conducted at elevated temperatures. The elevated temperatures may be established by heating the wood treatment materials while they are in contact with the wood, by draining the wood treatment materials from external contact with the wood, while maintaining a sufficient pressure to prevent kickback and heating the wood as by steaming or by submerging the wood in a heated aqueous bath. If a heated aqueous bath is used it may advantageously contain additional wood treatment materials such as wood-softening agents, antichecking agents, filmformers, coloring agents, dimensional stabilizers, flame-retardants, antistatic agents and the like.

Abstract: A process for flameproofing wood is claimed, which comprises treating the wood with aqueous preparations which contain(a) at least one water-soluble ammonium salt of a non-volatile inorganic acid, e.g. ammonium sulfate or ammonium phosphate,(b) at least one water-soluble cationic reaction product of dicyandiamide, formaldehyde, optionally an ammonium salt and/or an alkylenepolyamine containing at most 18 carbon atoms, or the acid salt thereof.Components (a) and (b) are applied in succession or preferably simultaneously and the wood is subsequently dried. The flameproof finish obtained is resistant to rinsing. The wood provided with the flameproof finish is used in particular as mine timber.

Abstract: A fiberboard is manufactured having relatively high density skins on a relatively low density core by including urea in at least the surface fibers of a consolidated mat, having a density of less than 35 pounds per cubic foot, and then hot-pressing the consolidated mat at a temperature of at least 525.degree. F. to form a board having high density surface skins. In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, urea is used to form a skin on higher density mats having a density of 35 pounds/ft..sup.3 or greater. The skin formed on the higher density mats has strength and density properties which are not as significantly different from the core material as is the skin formed over the low density core material of the first embodiment, but the skin on the higher density mats also improves the board strength, stiffness, paint holdout and design fidelity properties.

Abstract: A method of providing a substrate with a layer of a tertiary compound comprising silicon, silicon carbide and a transition series metal. In accordance with the method, a substrate having at least a surface layer thereon of a transition series metal is coated with silicon carbide particles having an average particle diameter in the range of up to about two microns. The coated substrate is then heated in an inert atmosphere to a temperature between 1000.degree. and 1300.degree. C. for sufficient time to allow diffusion to occur between the silicon carbide and the transition series metal layer, thereby forming the tertiary compound. Substrates coated with the tertiary compound are particularly suitable for preparation of alkali metal/polysulfide batteries wherein the substrate may be exposed to corrosive attack by molten polysulfide salts.

Abstract: A one-part, solvent free, thermosettable adhesive and coating composition comprising a prepolymer terminated with blocked isocyanate groups and having a melting point below 95.degree. C., a difunctional amine or alcohol which is soluble in the prepolymer at 95.degree. C., a monofunctional amine or alcohol which is soluble in the prepolymer at 95.degree. C., with at least one of the foregoing bearing furyl or furfuryl substituents, and a bis-dieneophile.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiation curable composition for coating onto leather. The composition comprises from 40 to 90% by weight of a first compound which is a prepolymer or co-prepolymers and from 60 to 10% by weight of a second compound which is mutually soluble with the first. The prepolymer or co-prepolymer is derived from monomer units of which at least 80% are an acrylate or methacrylate monomer and of which the balance, if any, may be styrene or its derivatives or isoprene. Preferably, at least 50% by weight of the prepolymer is butyl acrylate and up to 20% by weight is styrene. The second compound is one or more of urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate; a rosin derivative; a monomer of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride or methyl methacrylate or copolymers of such monomers. The composition may be cured after coating onto leather by U.V. or electron beam radiation.

Abstract: The surface of an impregnated wood material having deposits of a water-insoluble treating chemical thereon as a result of the impregnation treatment, is cleaned by forming an ammoniacal liquor in situ on the surface of the wood material, dissolving the surface deposit in the ammoniacal liquor and permitting the dissolved treating chemical to migrate into the wood.

Abstract: Surfaces of thermally conductive substrates are covered with thermoplastic polymers, particularly certain fluorocarbon polymers by bonding said polymeric materials directly to surfaces of said substrates. Adhesives, etchants, or the like are not used as bonding elements. The process involves treating the surfaces to make them wettable by water and then cleaning the surfaces, if necessary, followed by heating the substrate to a temperature at which the polymer melts, gels or softens (herein called the softening point), then placing the polymeric material into contact with the prepared surfaces and applying pressure on the polymeric material to force it into fusing and bonding contact with the heated surface and then cooling the substrate to a temperature below the softening point of the polymer. The products produced are preferably rolls. In their covered form as produced by this invention they are useful as processing rolls in office copier's fusing systems, rolls used in food cooking processes, and the like.

Abstract: A process of forming an embossed surface covering is disclosed. The process comprises forming a crosslinkable foam on a backing, depositing an activator composition to initiate cross-linking on at least a portion of the crosslinkable foam, and heating the resulting crosslinkable foam-containing sheet to a temperature sufficient to crosslink the portions of the foam affected by the deposition of activator composition and melt the portions of the foam not affected by the deposition of activator composition.

Abstract: A vibrating member made of a thin metal plate and adapted to be used in an acoustic transducer such as a loudspeaker or microphone is diffused at least partially with an inorganic substance to improve the acoustic characteristics thereof, particularly the high frequency range.

Abstract: A method comprises in-mold coating on a molded thermoset polyester glass fiber substrate an in-mold coating composition at a pressure of from about 25 to 50 p.s.i. and at a temperature not in excess of about 150.degree. F. for from about 2 to 12 minutes, said in-mold coating composition comprising the reaction product of an unsaturated aliphatic fumarate polyester diol, a saturated polyester diol flexibilizer, a cross-linking aliphatic polyol having from 3 to 6 OH groups, a diisocyanate in an amount by weight sufficient to provide from about 50 to 120%, preferably from about 80 to 103%, of the stoichiometric amount of --NCO groups required to react with all of the active hydrogen atoms in the coating composition and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer sufficient to polymerize with and crosslink the unsaturated polyester in admixture with a free radical peroxide initiator, an accelerator for said peroxide initiator and a polyurethane tin catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an insulating element, floor element, etc., consisting of bark pieces joined together by a glue material. The bark pieces, which have a piece size of preferably 8-30 mm.sup.3, are coated with a thin layer of the glue material and, after moulding and during pressing to desired element dimension, are heated and fixed by high-frequency energy fed into the element.

Abstract: Polyimide foams derived from mixtures of aromatic diamines and partial esters of a benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid. The precursors are converted into polyimide foams by the application of heat; and the foams are then compressed, yielding dense, rigid, and structurally strong, intumescent materials.

Abstract: An improved method for manufacturing membrane battery separators by grafting a vinyl monomer onto a polyolefin film. The method includes irradiation of the film by ultraviolet rays and subsequent grafting of the said film in a five-layer sandwich. The sandwich comprises the irradiated polyolefin film which is covered on each side with a layer of a cellulosic tissue soaked with the monomer or a solution of the monomer, and each cellulosic layer on its turn is covered by an inert polymeric film. The layers of the sandwich are not limited in length and the sandwich is transported at a constant speed over the surface of a heater, maintaining the sandwich at a constant temperature in the range 85.degree. to 95.degree. C. with an accuracy of .+-.1.degree. C. The grafting of the polyolefin film in the sandwich proceeds continuously and isothermally, while it is in contact with the heater surface under a pressure of 10 to 30 g/cm.sup.2 during 10 to 45 minutes.

Abstract: A mirror construction and method wherein shatter resistant optical quality first surface mirrors may be inexpensively fabricated. A styrene sheet is press polished and the polished surface is coated with a reflective layer. The press polished, reflectively coated styrene sheet may be subjected to further processing steps in order to produce a highly rigid and flat mirror. A surface of the styrene sheet is scored along a straight line to a depth that does not penetrate the front mirrored surface, but rather leaves a relatively thin region along the scored line having a minimal extent in the plane of the sheet. The styrene sheet is then folded, bringing portions on either side of the scored line towards each other and partially splitting the thin region. A membrane remains along the scored line to form a semi-flexing hinge. The ability of the membrane to withstand cracking can be improved somewhat by carrying out the folding step at a temperature generally greater than approximately 20.degree. C.

Abstract: Methods of producing high density, high strength, homogeneous graphite articles having densities of 2 or more and isotropic ratios of about 1.05 or less are disclosed. These methods achieve densification to levels above 2 g/cc yet take greatest advantage of increases in all structural properties and maintain isotropic quality. They involve impregnation of pre-formed isotropic graphite substrates of high density, having an isotropic ratio of 1.05 or less, 15 to 35 percent total porosity of which at least 50 percent is interconnected and open to the surface, average pore diameters of 1.5 to 5 microns, and narrow pore size distributions. A vacuum is drawn on the substrate after which it is contacted with highly fluid impregnant such as petroleum or coal tar pitch and then carbonized, baked and graphitized under conditions correlated to increase density without detectably modifying graphite matrix structure.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of coating articles of manufacture to prevent corrosion which comprises applying a thermoplastic coating material to the article, applying a layer of fibrous material over the coating material, wetting the layer of fibrous material, and heating the three components, whereby contraction of the fibrous material, during heating, will compress the coating material and counteract its deformation tendencies such that it is well bonded to the article. The thermoplastic coating material is preferably applied in the form of a coating tape comprising the thermoplastic coating material and a thermoplastic adhesive and is used to provide a protective coating for underground pipe.

Abstract: A leather-like sheet material bearing a remarkable resemblance to high-quality leathers of natural origin, especially in respect of flatness, bending crimp, grain and feeling, is produced by providing a substrate consisting of a fibrous base material and a porous coating layer with a thin layer of a polymer, subjecting the surface to a specific heat treatment, providing the resulting material with another thin layer of a polymer, and, if desired, embossing the material.

Abstract: Foamable fabric treatment compositions are disclosed which are composed of a fabric finishing agent and a foam stabilizer, which compositions are capable of forming a foam having a blow ratio in the range from about 2:1 to 20:1 and a foam density range from about 0.5 gm/cc to 0.05 gm/cc. Methods for preparing and using the foamable compositions are disclosed. Included in the composition is up to about 10 percent of foam stabilizer.

Abstract: In a composite bearing material including a metal strip, a porous sintered metal matrix layer bonded to a surface of said metal strip and a resin composition impregnated into and substantially filling the voids in said porous metal layer and forming a continuous surface layer thereon, the resin composition consists essentially of a blend of 60 to 95 percent by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene and 40 to 5 percent by weight of a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene, and mostly all of the copolymer in the composition is included in the surface layer in the form of a fibrillated network.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing prefinished hardboard includes the use of a pre-press sealer comprising an aqueous mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol polymer in conjunction with emulsified fatty acid and/or fatty esters, an amine or similar emulsifier, and aluminum stearate. The pre-press sealer provides excellent sealing and hardening fiber binding to the porous fiberboard surface as well as improving the release from the press after the fiberboard is formed in a press under heat and pressure.

Abstract: A process of forming an embossed surface covering is disclosed. The process comprises forming a crosslinkable foam on a backing, depositing a deactivator composition to inhibit cross-linking on at least a portion of the cross-linkable foam, and heating the resulting crosslinkable foam-containing sheet to a temperature sufficient to crosslink the portions of the foam not affected by the deposition of deactivator composition and melt the portions of the foam affected by the deposition of deactivator composition.

Abstract: Filament-reinforced A-type PMR polyimide composites are prepared by mixing known monomers, applying the mixture as a matrix material to a plurality of the filaments, imidizing to obtain a prepolymer having a defined melt temperature range, heating the prepolymer to an addition polymerization temperature to effect cure, applying a pressure of 50-300 psi before reaching cure temperature and while in the melt temperature range, and maintaining said pressure while curing.

Abstract: A process for treating wood consisting of boiling the wood in a solution containing alkylamine and then transferring the boiled wood to an autoclave where an alkylamine permeating solution is forced into the wood under the conditions of pressure and heat. The wood is then dehydrated under reduced pressure and is then air dried.

Abstract: A durable crease is formed in a textile article by applying a flexible casting compound in a preformed crease using a non-rotary applicator in conjunction with a structure for guiding the applicator along the crease.

Abstract: In the production of a coated structural element by producing a workable composition of an inorganic binder and water, forming the composition into a structural element, providing an inorganic salt at least on the surface of the structural element, applying to the surface of the structural element an aqueous paste containing at least one metal oxide and waterglass thereby to form a gel-like non-fluid coating and hardening the coated structural element, the improvement which comprises hardening the structural element prior to applying the aqueous paste thereto, whereby the resulting coating is of enhanced weather resistance. The inorganic salt may be provided on the surface by being present in the workable composition per se or by being present in a facing layer applied to the structural element. It can also be provided by being sprayed thereon as an aqueous solution in which event the first hardening must precede such spraying. The resulting coatings are of enhanced weather resistance.

Abstract: Condensation products of .epsilon.-caprolactam, formaldehyde and formamide, especially N-(formylaminomethyl)-.epsilon.-caprolactam and N-(N'-formyl-N'-hydroxymethyl-aminomethyl)-.epsilon.-caprolactam, are prepared by reacting formamide and formaldehyde in the presence of a base and in the presence or absence of .epsilon.-caprolactam at temperatures of 70.degree. to 90.degree. C. for 4 to 15 hours, then acidifying the reaction batch and, if no .epsilon.-caprolactam is present, adding .epsilon.-caprolactam, and distilling off water at 100.degree. to 135.degree. C.The condensation products are valuable modifiers for use in the manufacture of aminoplast resins employed for impregnating paper and fabrics which are used for the manufacture of coated wood-based materials and laminates.

Abstract: Improved impact or shock resistant soft coated laminates including a back polycarbonate lamina opposite the direction of impact or shock, such polycarbonate lamina having a soft overlying or exposed layer or coating opposite the direction of impact, are provided. The laminates exhibit excellent resistance to failure and spalling of the polycarbonate surface opposite the impact or shock receiving surface.The soft coat is a self-healing, chemically resistant polyurethane having an excess of free hydroxyl groups over isocyanate groups and confers on the laminates excellent scratch resistance, good resistance against swelling and stress cracking while at the same time the laminates exhibit good clarity and integrity in addition to good chemical and permeation resistance, as well as resistance to failure and spalling. The process employs the polyurethane in film form as a cap sheet.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing an electrode for a zinc halogen electric cell comprising forming a first mix of 20-100 grams of 50% compressed acetylene black, 450-750 ml. water, about 5 ml. acetone, and if desired 5 ml. of 30% zinc chloride solution by mixing gently, forming a second mix of 50 ml. latex and 50-250 ml. water, adding the second mix slowly to the first mix until the resultant mix is in crumbly form, applying a layer of this crumbly mix to a sheet of expanded anodizable metal or alloy or of including a metal or metals of Group IV(A) or V(A) and pressing the layer onto the metal sheet.

Abstract: The method of treating sheet material such as leather and the like to make it supple in which the sheet material is subjected simultaneously to hot moisture and a cooling medium under pressure, alternatively from the grain side and from the flesh side in a continuous method. This is performed between two endless conveyor belts which are wetted by water, each of which is independently guided and saturated with water on the outer side and which are guided together on the inner side that is, they are guided alternatively from above and from below round a portion of the circumference of a plurality of rollers. Moistening, cooling and heating units are arranged on the outside of the rollers.

Abstract: Foamable fabric treatment compositions are disclosed which are composed of a fabric finishing agent and a foam stabilizer, which compositions are capable of forming a foam having a blow ratio in the range from about 2:1 to 20:1 and a foam density range from about 0.5 gm/cc to 0.05 gm/cc. Methods for preparing and using the foamable compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing baseball bats which have high surface hardness and are hardly broken, and said method comprises the steps of: forming a baseball bat having a diameter somewhat larger than the prescribed dimension; impregnating thermosetting resin into said baseball bat; and treating said impregnated bat with heat and pressure by using a set of molds consisting of three or more of divided mold sections.

Abstract: In the production of a coated building component comprising the steps of mixing an inorganic binder, water and aggregate to produce a workable mass, molding said mass into a preformed component, applying to the preformed component an aqueous paste containing a metal oxide and at least one of waterglass and a phosphate to form a coating and allowing the coating to harden, the improvement which comprises applying about 190 to 400 g of the paste per square meter of surface to be coated, the application being effected in the presence of at least about 0.5% by weight of the inorganic binder or, in the case of lime-sand bricks, by weight of the binder plus aggregate, of a water soluble inorganic salt which converts the aqueous paste into a gel-like non-flowing form.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an object of silicon nitride by isostatic pressing of a preformed body of silicon nitride powder utilizing a pressure medium at a temperature sufficiently high to sinter the silicon nitride. The preformed body is subjected to a degassing operation before isostatic pressing. An inner porous layer of a first material and then an outer porous layer of a second material are applied on the preformed powder body. The inner porous layer is transformable, at a temperature below the sintering temperature for silicon nitride, into a pressure medium impermeable layer. The outer porous layer is also transformable into a pressure medium impermeable layer, but at a temperature which is lower than the temperature when the inner porous layer is converted into its pressure medium impermeable form.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of anionic surfactants are effective fabric softeners which can be sprayed directly onto washable textile fabrics. In addition, the solutions impart soil-release properties to the fabrics. A silicone resin may be incorporated into the solution to provide a spray-on ironing aid.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for use in continuously applying molten coating metal, such as in galvanizing or aluminizing to tubes, rods, wire or other work pieces passing through a metallic bath. The molten metal in a reservoir is discharged onto the tube or rod, the metal flowing around the tube or rod being controlled by a splash tube. The coating metal is progressively agitated and cooled within the splash tube, after which the tubing or rod is accurately centered to exit the splash tube with an even coating of the desired thickness, such coating being in a stable condition. The entire system is enclosed in an inert atmosphere eliminating the formation of "galvanizers' dross", oxides of aluminum, etc.

Abstract: An in-mold coating composition is disclosed which includes (a) an isocyanate-terminated material containing an excess of reactive isocyanate groups and (b) a material selected from the group consisting of a composition containing reactive hydrogen atoms, generally hydroxyl groups, and a catalyst capable of trimerizing the terminal isocyanate groups. The coating composition is applied to a molded substrate, such as an FRP part, by placing a charge of the composition in the mold on the substrate, the charge being sufficient to provide a coating having a thickness less than about 20 mils. Appropriate pressure is then applied to the charge, such as by closing the mold, so that the coating composition is forced to cover substantially the entire surface area of the substrate, filling any surface defects. The composition is cured to yield a crosslinked, isocyanate-based coating which adheres tightly to the substrate.

Abstract: A lustrous top surface is imparted to artificial leather having a substrate, a flexible thermoplastic layer and a top coating essentially consisting of a thermoplastic resin by contacting the top coating with a mirror-like surface for a short period of time while applying heat to the intersurface therebetween at a temperature of at least about 10.degree. C. but not more than 40.degree. C. lower than the softening point of the resin in the top coating.

Abstract: The method of treating open-celled polyurethane foam by the application of a modifying ingredient, such as a dye, pigment, color stabilizer or fire retardant, for example, wherein the method comprises the steps of (a) applying an excess of a liquid solution or dispersion of the modifying ingredient to a mass of the foam, (b) removing most of the excess of the liquid by squeezing the mass, (c) passing a gas, the temperature of which is between 350.degree. F. and 500.degree. F., through the material for a period of time sufficient (1) to raise the temperature of the polyurethane mass to a point at which the polyurethane will absorb the modifying ingredient, and (2) to vaporize the liquid present in the solution or dispersion, the period of time being insufficient to cause charring of the polyurethane, thereby accelerating the absorption of the modifying ingredient into the polyurethane, so as to permanently incorporate the modifying ingredient into the foam, and (d) allowing the mass to cool.

Abstract: A process for preparing a non-combustible hardboard sheet is disclosed. The process comprises the formation of relatively low density insulation board type product which is dried, whereafter the board is wetted on both sides and compressed at relatively high temperatures to form a dense non-combustible hardboard product.

Abstract: Panels are provided with a glossy, tough coating by a method comprising the steps of applying on the panel surface a conventional resin adhesive; spreading thereon vinyl-modified lignocellulosic particles made by polymerization of vinyl monomers on substrate lignocellulosic particles; and subjecting the assembly to heat and pressure. Over a wide range of add-on ratio of vinyl polymer to lignocellulosic particles, coatings can be produced which have neither the solvent sensitivity of the polymer nor the water sensitivity of the cellulose. The novel, esthetically pleasing marbleized appearance is heightened by the use of dyed particles.

Abstract: A process for preparing a non-combustible hardboard sheet is disclosed. The process comprises the formation of relatively low density insulation board type product which is dried, whereafter the board is wetted on both sides and compressed at relatively high temperatures to form a dense non-combustible hardboard product.

Abstract: A process for preparing stable aqueous solutions of a water-soluble urea-formaldehyde-glyoxal condensation product in which urea, glyoxal and formaldehyde are reacted under very slightly acidic conditions of pH and at a temperature of from 40.degree. to 90.degree. C., further reacted under more acidic conditions of pH and at a temperature of from 40.degree. to 90.degree. C., and then adjusted to very slightly acidic conditions of pH.

Abstract: A coated paper having high gloss and high bulk and a method for producing the paper wherein a high-solids coating is applied to the paper and pressed against a heated finishing surface.

Abstract: A dense paper comprising a web of cellulosic fibers and an impregnant dispersed throughout the web, the impregnant consisting essentially of a blend of a rigid polymeric material and an inorganic filler, in stated proportions, with the impregnant constituting a minor portion of the finished weight of the paper. A process for producing the paper is disclosed.

Abstract: The reaction of cellulosic materials with butylene oxide under mildly alkaline conditions to increase resistance to fungi while improving dimensional stability. Wood is first dried and then submerged in a treating chamber containing a solution of butylene oxide and triethylamine. The chamber is heated and subjected to pressure, after which time the solution is drained and vacuum is applied to remove remaining excess reagent.

Abstract: Durable crease and wrinkle resistance properties are permanently imparted to fabrics and garments by treating the same with a novel composition prepared by reacting a urea with a condensation product of an aldehyde, an amine and phosphoric acid under curing conditions.