Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes: a chamber having a container including at least one substrate-heating region and at least one substrate-cooling region; a heating mechanism configured to heat a first substrate in the at least one substrate-heating region; a cooling mechanism configured to cool a second substrate in the at least one substrate-cooling region while the first substrate is being heated; and a partition provided in the container and configured to separate the at least one substrate-heating region and the at least one substrate-cooling region from each other in terms of heat and pressure.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I, (R11O)sSi(CH3)3?s-Sp11-NR12-Sp12-C(OR13)tH3?t??I wherein the variable groups are as defined herein are useful as adhesion promotors in polymerizable liquid crystal (LC) material.

Abstract: A treatment plant and method for treating workpieces, in particular for coating and/or drying vehicle bodies, having a treatment device with a housing in which a treatment space is accommodated. A conveyor system having a multitude of transport trolleys for conveying workpieces through the treatment space, wherein each transport trolley has a chassis and a fastening device for at least one workpiece, which are coupled together by means of a connecting device. Outside the treatment space, there is a guiding area with a travel space for the chassis. The travel space is connected to the treatment space via a connecting passage such that the chassis of a transport trolley can move in the travel space and at the same time the fastening device is entrained in the treatment space and the connecting device extends through the connecting passage. The travel space is defined by a travel space housing and a gas device is present to feed a throughflow gas, in particular air, to the travel space.

Abstract: The invention includes supercapacitors and methods of making supercapacitor by fabricating transition metal dichalcogenide (MX2) layers using a combination of magnetron sputtering followed by chemical vapor deposition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a temperature-controlled alignment device based on multi-model glass technology. The device includes a stage divided into at least two areas and heating modules corresponding to respective areas. Each of the heating modules includes a heat conductive sheet, a liquid pipe, and an electric heater. Different areas are heated by arranging a heating module for each of the areas, so that reaction rates of reactive monomers in panels of different areas have a same reaction rate so as to form a same pretilt angle.

Abstract: The invention was made in order to provide a multi-color printing method of a plastic film wherein multi-color print can be made fast without requiring complex operations, while functions of the anchor-coating layer and the shielding are ensured sufficiently, and provides a method of multi-color printing on a plastic film, which comprises an anchor-coating process wherein an anchoring agent is applied to the plastic film by a gravure roll to form an anchor-coating layer which acts as receptive layer to multi-color inks, a multi-color printing process wherein multi-color print is provided on said anchor-coating layer by continuous ink jet printers, a shielding layer-coating process wherein a titanium white ink is applied to said multi-color print by a gravure roll to form a shielding layer, and drying processes being provided after said anchor-coating process, multi-color printing process and shielding layer-coating process, respectively, and an apparatus therefor.

Abstract: Glasses comprising SiO2, Al2O3, and P2O5 that are capable of chemical strengthened by ion exchange and having high damage resistance. These phosphate-containing glasses have a structure in which silica (SiO2) is replaced by aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) and/or boron phosphate (BPO4).

Abstract: A radiation-curable ink composition for application to glass, ceramic, or metal by an inkjet printer. The ink composition can be applied to a glass, ceramic, or metal substrate to decorate, protect, etc. the substrate. In some embodiments, the ink composition includes a glass frits component, a chromophore component, and a UV-curable component. The glass frits component facilitates the fusing of the ink component with a glass, ceramic, or metal substrate to which the ink composition is applied. The chromophore component is the primary colorant of the ink composition. The UV-curable component facilitates activation of polymerization upon exposure to ultra-violet (UV) radiation, which causes the ink composition to cure and fix/pin to the underlying substrate. After the ink composition is applied to a substrate and cured by exposure to UV radiation, the substrate is heated to a temperature that causes the ink composition to fuse with the substrate.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device includes: a curved organic light emitting display panel. The organic light emitting display panel includes a flexible substrate, a thin film transistor layer including a semiconductor layer, and an organic light emission layer including an organic light emitting material. In the curved organic light emitting display panel, the thin film transistor layer receives a compressive stress, or a neutral plane in which the compressive stress and a tensile stress maintain equilibrium is defined in the thin film transistor layer.

Abstract: A field-emission electron gun including an electron emission tip, an extractor anode, and a mechanism creating an electric-potential difference between the emission tip and the extractor anode. The emission tip includes a metal tip and an end cone produced by chemical vapor deposition on a nanofilament, the cone being aligned and welded onto the metal tip. The electron gun can be used for a transmission electron microscope.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a semicrystalline polymer/graphene oxide composite film, comprising: a first semicrystalline-typed polymer, distributed in structural space of the composite film and having a porous structure; and graphene oxide, having a layered structure and distributed in the composite film wherein gas passage exist between adjacent layered structures, the first semicrystalline-typed polymer existing between part of adjacent layered structures forms into a second semicrystalline-typed polymer by further heat treatment after the first semicrystalline-typed polymer and graphene oxide are blended uniformly to be distributed in the composite film so as to fill and seal a portion of the porous structure to block gas from flowing to extend path length(s) of gas passage; wherein graphene oxide existing between the first semicrystalline-typed polymers induces formation of the second semicrystalline-typed polymer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a complex for carbon dioxide separation, the complex for carbon dioxide separation including a support and a carbon dioxide separation layer on the support, and the method including: applying, on the support, a coating liquid for forming the carbon dioxide separation layer including: a water-absorbing polymer, an alkali metal salt, and a filler having a density lower than a density of the alkali metal salt, a new Mohs hardness of 2 or greater, and a volume average particle diameter that is 30% or less of a thickness of the carbon dioxide separation layer; and drying the coating liquid applied for forming the carbon dioxide separation layer to obtain the carbon dioxide separation layer.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing a composite that separates carbon dioxide that has a carbon dioxide separating film on a support includes preparing, at greater than or equal to 50° C., a coating liquid for carbon dioxide separating film formation that contains a water absorbent polymer, a carbon dioxide carrier and a gelling agent, and that gels, after being left at 12° C. at a solution film thickness of less than or equal to 1 mm, within 120 seconds and liquid not dropping-off due to gravity; coating the coating liquid on a strip-shaped support; cooling, at less than or equal to 12° C., a coated film obtained by the coating, and obtaining a gel film; and drying the gel film at least by warm air, and obtaining a carbon dioxide separating film, wherein, from coating to drying are carried out continuously while conveying the support in a given direction.

Abstract: A substrate-treatment installation includes a vacuum chamber, a substrate treatment device within the vacuum chamber, a substrate transport device within the vacuum chamber for guiding a substrate along a longitudinal direction in a substrate transport plane past the substrate treatment device, and a device for controlling substrate temperature. The substrate temperature controlling device includes a heat-absorbing cooler on one side of the substrate transport plane and an insulation member selectively displaceable between at least two different positions to vary extent of thermal shielding of the heat-absorbing cooler relative to the substrate transport plane by the insulation member.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet. According to an aspect of the present invention, the method may include preparing a base steel sheet, forming a iron (Fe)-plated layer on the prepared base steel sheet, oxidation heating the steel sheet having the Fe-plated layer formed thereon at a temperature ranging from 600° C. to 800° C., maintaining the heated steel sheet at a temperature ranging from 750° C. to 900° C. for 5 seconds or more in a reducing atmosphere with a dew point of between ?30° C. to 5° C. including 20 ppm or less of oxygen, 1 vol % to 20 vol % of H2, and N2 as well as unavoidable gases as a remainder, cooling the maintained steel sheet, and plating the cooled steel sheet by dipping in a hot-dip galvanizing bath.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a coated low-friction medical device, such as low-friction medical tubing, including applying a coating to one or more selected portions of a surface of low-friction medical tubing to indicate at least one marking formed along the surface of the low-friction medical tubing, and simultaneously or substantially simultaneously: (a) curing the applied coating to a designated temperature (which is above the temperature at which the low-friction medical tubing begins to decompose and shrink) to adhere the applied coating to the surface of the low-friction medical tubing, (b) utilizing one or more anti-shrinking devices to counteract or otherwise inhibit the shrinking of the low-friction medical tubing, and (c) exhausting any harmful byproducts resulting from curing the low-friction medical tubing to a temperate above the temperature at which the low-friction medical tubing begins to decompose.

Abstract: A double impregnation method and composition for producing three way catalysts (TWC) are disclosed. The TWC may generally include a substrate, a washcoat, a first and second impregnation compositions, and optionally at least an overcoat over the impregnation compositions. The first impregnation composition may include a composition of a perovskite, base metal oxides, and alkaline earth carbonates. The method for applying the first impregnation composition may include combining all base metals in the composition, adding Pd, drying, and adding a heat treatment. The method for applying the second impregnation composition may include adding a remainder of Pd as a Pd solution over the first impregnation, drying, and applying a heat treatment.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a preparation method for copper oxide nanowires including following steps: step 01, a conductive layer as an electrode is prepared on a clean substrate, or a clean substrate with a conductive layer is provided directly. Step 02, copper powder is weighed up, and the copper powder is homogeneously mixed with organic carrier. Step 03, mixture prepared in step 02 is printed onto the clean substrate with a conductive layer. Step 04, the substrate after being processed by step 03 is sintered under atmosphere having oxygen, and finally cooled to obtain copper oxide nanowires. Adhesion between the copper oxide nanowires prepared in the present disclosure and the substrate is excellent, the copper oxide nanowires may substantially prepared uniformly in large area and under low temperature, technology flow of coating is decreased, a cost of manufacture is decreased, such that a promising method for bottleneck of commercialization process of the field emission device is provided.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented composite film includes a polyester substrate supporting one or more coatings on one or both surfaces of said substrate, wherein the polyester substrate is a biaxially oriented film; wherein the one or more coatings is/are derived from a predominantly inorganic hardcoat coating composition including inorganic particles contained in a polymerisable predominantly inorganic matrix; and wherein the biaxially oriented composite film has been annealed at a temperature Ta (° C.) above Tg where Tg<Ta?Tg+100 (° C.) for a time t after thermal equilibrium where 1 hour ?t?72 hours. A method of making the film is provided.

Abstract: A versatile and rapid sol-gel technique for the fabrication of high quality one-dimensional photonic bandgap materials. For example, silica/titania multi-layer materials may be fabricated by a sol-gel chemistry route combined with dip-coating onto planar or curved substrate. A shock-cooling step immediately following the thin film heat-treatment process is introduced. This step was found important in the prevention of film crack formation—especially in silica/titania alternating stack materials with a high number of layers. The versatility of this sol-gel method is demonstrated by the fabrication of various Bragg stack-type materials with fine-tuned optical properties by tailoring the number and sequence of alternating layers, the film thickness and the effective refractive index of the deposited thin films. Measured optical properties show good agreement with theoretical simulations confirming the high quality of these sol-gel fabricated optical materials.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate heating apparatus including a hot plate that heats a substrate, and a cooling plate that supports the substrate and moves between a first position (home position) and the second position above the hot plate to transfer wafers between the two positions. A heat-radiating fin structure is connected to the cooling plate to move together with the cooling plate. The fin structure is thermally connected to the cooling plate via heat pipes. A suction port is arranged so as to locate adjacent to the fin structure when the cooling plate is in the home position. The fin structure is cooled by a gas passing therethrough before flown into the suction port, whereby the cooling plate is cooled through heat transfer from the cooling plate to the fin structure through the heat pipes.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for fabricating pyrite thin films from molecular inks. A process is provided that comprises dissolving simple iron-bearing and sulfur-bearing molecules in an appropriate solvent and then depositing the solution onto an appropriate substrate using one of several methods (roll-to-roll coating, spraying, spin coating, etc.), resulting in a solid film consisting of the molecules. These molecular precursor films are then heated to 200-600° C. in the presence of sulfur-bearing gases (e.g., S2, H2S) to convert the molecular films into films of crystalline iron pyrite (FeS2).

Abstract: Crosslinker-accelerator system for the thermal crosslinking of polyacrylates with functional groups suitable for entering into linking reactions with cyclic ethers, more particularly epoxide groups or oxetane groups, comprising at least one substance containing epoxide or oxetane groups (crosslinker) and at least one substance with an accelerating action for the linking reaction at a temperature below the melting temperature of the polyacrylate (accelerator).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of a fiber-reinforced composite material with a polyamide matrix.

Abstract: To provide a graphene sheet that has a large area, is homogeneous, and has a small amount of domain boundaries, a novel method for producing a graphene sheet suitable for industrial applications, such as application to electronics, that is capable of producing a graphene sheet that has well aligned crystal orientation at a low cost, and a graphene sheet. In the method for producing a graphene sheet of the present invention, a substrate containing a single crystal substrate having formed on the surface thereof an epitaxial metal film is used, and a graphene sheet is grown by making a carbon material into contact with the surface of the epitaxial metal film. In the graphene sheet of the present invention, the graphene sheet is constituted by a number of graphene domains, the domains each have an area of from 0.000001 ?m2 to 100,000 mm2, and the orientations of 6-membered rings in the domains are averagely aligned in a single direction over the graphene sheet.

Abstract: A threaded tubular component for drilling or working hydrocarbon wells, including at one of its ends a threaded zone produced on its outer or inner peripheral surface depending on whether the threaded end is male or female in type, in which at least a portion of the end is coated with at least one lubricating dry film including at least 65% by weight of a polyaryletherketone, and a process for depositing the film.

Abstract: Polymeric formulations which contain aqueous dispersions of acrylic monomers and copolymers and modified polyethylene terephthalate resin are disclosed which are useful as a coating system or treatment for imparting water, oil and grease resistance to underlying cellulosic substrates. The formulations do not contain any fluorochemicals, polyethylene or wax. Moreover, the formulations provide water, oil and grease resistance properties that are an improvement in the art to known coatings and treatments which contain polyethylene and or wax for water, oil and grease resistance. These coatings can also impart improved anti-wicking properties over the existing art. These formulations have interest as they contain components that are permitted to come into direct contact with food products. Therefore, the formulations of the present invention are ideal for use as coatings for paper and paperboard, including paper packaging such as that utilized in food wrappers, food containers, food receptacles, etc.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a novel carbon member-inorganic member joined body. A carbon member-inorganic member joined body including a carbon member and an inorganic member joined together is produced. The carbon member-inorganic member joined body is obtained by forming on the carbon member a layer containing an inorganic material and a sintering aid, and heating the layer.

Abstract: A molding material is provided including a composite having 1 to 50 wt % of (A) a bundle of continuous reinforcing fibers and 0.1 to 40 wt % of (B) a polyarylene sulfide prepolymer or (B?) a polyarylene sulfide; and 10 to 98.9 wt % of (C) a thermoplastic resin adhered to the composite; wherein the composite further has (D) a zero-valent transition metal compound or (E) a low-valent iron compound in an amount of 0.001 to 20 mol % based on the amount of sulfur atoms contained in the component (B) or (B?). A prepreg and a method of producing a fiber-reinforced molding base material is also provided. By using the molding material according to the present invention which exhibits excellent economic efficiency and productivity, a molded article having excellent mechanical characteristics can be easily produced.

Abstract: A process for the acetylation of wood comprising submerging the wood in an acetylation fluid under pressure, and subsequently heating the wood under controlled conditions to initiate two distinct exothermic reactions. The process permits the simultaneous upgrading of large quantities of commercial wood sizes having a natural durability class 4 or class 5 to a unique product of durability class 1 or class 2.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing a composite that separates carbon dioxide that has a carbon dioxide separating film on a support includes preparing, at greater than or equal to 50° C., a coating liquid for carbon dioxide separating film formation that contains a water absorbent polymer, a carbon dioxide carrier and a gelling agent, and that gels, after being left at 12° C. at a solution film thickness of less than or equal to 1 mm, within 120 seconds and liquid not dropping-off due to gravity; coating the coating liquid on a strip-shaped support; cooling, at less than or equal to 12° C., a coated film obtained by the coating, and obtaining a gel film; and drying the gel film at least by warm air, and obtaining a carbon dioxide separating film, wherein, from coating to drying are carried out continuously while conveying the support in a given direction.

Abstract: A composition for forming a carbon dioxide separation membrane, which includes a water-absorbing polymer, a carbon dioxide carrier, and a polysaccharide, is disclosed.

Abstract: A method including contacting a support with a composition including an aluminum, silicon, phosphorous (SAPO) gel and/or an aluminophosphate (AlPO) gel; heating the support and the composition; and forming SAPO and/or AlPO crystals from the composition on the support; and after forming the crystals, modifying the contact between the support and the composition within a time to inhibit solubilization of a portion of the crystals. A method including seeding a support with an amount of uncalcined silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) and/or aluminophosphate (AlPO) molecular sieve crystals; after seeding the support, contacting the support with a composition including a SAPO or AlPO gel; and heating the support and the composition to form SAPO and/or AlPO molecular sieve crystals from the gel on the support.

Abstract: There are provided processes for manufacturing trim boards. The processes can comprise applying a thin layer comprising an alkyd based primer sealer on at least one surface of the trim board; heat drying the thin layer so as to at least partially cure the thin layer comprising the alkyd based primer sealer; cooling the at least one surface; and applying a thin layer comprising a sealer on the thin layer comprising the alkyd based primer sealer. There are also provided methods for reducing and/or preventing migration of tannins in pine wood.

Abstract: Provided are magnetic core-ceramic shell (e.g., magnetite (Fe3O4) core-calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) shell) nanocrystals with high crystallization degree, uniform size, and high chemical stability and a method for synthesizing the same. A core-shell structure is synthesized in a process of forming magnetite seeds corresponding to cores by the reduction of magnetite precursors and then, sequentially, coating the magnetite with Ca3(PO4)2 by the reduction of Ca3(PO4)2 precursors.

Abstract: In an oven used for printing machine and the like, drying is rendered possible to be conducted without decreasing traveling speed (120 m/min or more) by a short and compact drying zone for a coating liquid agent which is made aqueous as well as oily coating liquid agent. A plurality of hot air blow-off nozzles 222 are provided in the drying portion 220 of the first printing unit 200. Heating guide rolls 223a are provided at the former portion, and cooling guide rolls 223b are provided at the latter portion, so that they meet the hot air blow-off nozzles 222. Liquid delivery pipes 224a for injecting hot water are connected to the heating guide rolls 223a, and liquid delivery pipes 224b for injecting cooling water are connected to the cooling guide rolls 223b. Introduced raw web 1 is heated to the boiling point of solvent or higher than that by the heating guide rolls 223a.

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment, a method for manufacturing a tubular body is provided. The method includes maintaining at about 15° C. or lower a heat-curable solution containing a polyimide precursor solution in which a conductive agent having an acidic group is dispersed; coating the heat-curable solution maintained at about 15° C. or lower on a core body to form a coating film of the heat-curable solution, and curing the coating film by heating to obtain a tubular body.

Abstract: Provided is a metal coated steel sheet having a coating layer including a metal having a level of Gibbs free energy equal to that of Fe or above and an oxide thereof. Accordingly, the quality of a plated steel sheet may be improved by preventing the generation of bare spots through inhibition of the formation of Mn oxide, Si oxide, or Al oxide on the surface thereof, and simultaneously, the complexity of a manufacturing facility or an increase in manufacturing costs may be minimized. Economic benefits are thus realized.

Abstract: Coating and method for providing a self-lubricated coating on a substrate. The method includes spraying with an inert gas at least a layer of liquid metal on the substrate; adding a compound to the liquid metal while being sprayed on the substrate; forming a porous layer on the substrate that includes the metal and the compound, where the porous layer has plural pores; heating the porous layer to open the pores; flooding the open pores with a greasing substance such that part of the greasing substance is stored in one or more pores; and cooling the porous layer to close the pores and trap the greasing substance inside the pores.

Abstract: Methods of forming a graphene material on a surface are presented. A metal material is disposed on a material substrate or material layer and is infused with carbon, for example, by exposing the metal to a carbon-containing vapor. The carbon-containing metal material is annealed to cause graphene to precipitate onto the bottom of the metal material to form a graphene layer between the metal material and the material substrate/material layer and also onto the top and/or sides of the metal material. Graphene material is removed from the top and sides of the metal material and then the metal material is removed, leaving only the graphene layer that was formed on the bottom of the metal material. In some cases graphene material that formed on one or more side of the sides of the metal material is not removed so that a vertical graphene material layer is formed.

Abstract: A method for making a housing of an electronic device includes applying a layer of ceramic powder material to an outer surface of a metal substrate. The layer of ceramic powder material and a top layer of the metal substrate are melted by laser irradiation, forming a ceramic-metal composite coating integrally bonding with the metal substrate when cooled. The substrate with the ceramic-metal composite coating is heated to a peak temperature, maintained at the peak temperature for a desired period of time, and then cooled down to room temperature. The heat treated metal substrate with the ceramic-metal composite coating is then formed into a desired shape.

Abstract: A method of forming a thin-film layered electronic device over a flexible substrate comprises the steps of depositing a buffer layer over the flexible substrate, heating the substrate and buffer layer stack to a temperature at which plastic deformation of the buffer layer takes place, cooling the stack, then forming the thin-film electronic device over the plastically deformed buffer layer without further plastic deformation of the buffer layer. The heating and cooling to cause plastic deformation of the buffer layer is referred to as annealing. The thin-film electronic device is formed by a process according to which all steps are performed at a temperature below that at which further plastic deformation of the buffer layer occurs. In-process strain and runout are reduced, improving device yield on flexible substrates. An optional metal base layer may be formed over the buffer layer prior annealing.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods to form ionomer coatings on a substrate, the ionomer composition comprising an ethylene acid copolymer comprising about 18 to about 30 weight % of copolymerized units of acrylic add or methacrylic add, based on the total weight of the parent add copolymer, the add copolymer having a melt flow rate from about 200 to about 1000 g/10 min., wherein about 50% to about 70% of the total carboxylic add groups of the copolymer are neutralized to carboxylic add salts comprising sodium cations, potassium cations or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a releasable composite prepreg for compression, sheet, or bulk molding. The method includes mixing together a resin and a curing agent, adding a release agent to the resin and curing agent creating a releasable epoxy, applying a backing to the releasable epoxy; and positioning a plurality of fibers within the releasable epoxy creating a releasable composite prepreg. The releasable composite prepreg created through the method can be molded to create components without requiring application of an external mold release agent.

Abstract: A coating method of forming a plurality of layers on a belt-like support continuously traveling, comprising: a step of applying a first coating liquid onto a front surface of the support to form a lower layer on the support; a drying step of removing a solvent in the lower layer until an amount of the residual solvent reaches not more than 100 mg/m2; a step of applying a second coating liquid onto the lower layer after drying to form an upper layer; and a drying step of removing moisture of the upper layer; wherein the drying step of removing moisture of the upper layer comprises: a first drying step of removing moisture in the upper layer until a moisture content of the upper layer reaches not more than 10% of moisture at the time of application within a range in which a following conditional expression (1) is satisfied: (1) temperature (Tw) of the support?average softening temperature (T0) of the lower layer+10° C.

Abstract: [Problems] In an oven used for printing machine and the like, drying is rendered possible to be conducted without decreasing traveling speed (120 m/min or more) by a short and compact drying zone for a coating liquid agent which is made aqueous as well as oily coating liquid agent. [Solving Means] A plurality of hot air blow-off nozzles 222 are provided in the drying portion 220 of the first printing unit 200. Heating guide rolls 223a are provided at the former portion, and cooling guide rolls 223b are provided at the latter portion, so that they meet the hot air blow-off nozzles 222. Liquid delivery pipes 224a for injecting hot water are connected to the heating guide rolls 223a, and liquid delivery pipes 224b for injecting cooling water are connected to the cooling guide rolls 223b. Introduced raw web 1 is heated to the boiling point of solvent or higher than that by the heating guide rolls 223a.

Abstract: An intermediate material made up of an array of individualised ribbons, each ribbon being composed of a tape of unidirectional reinforcing fibres associated, by adhesion, on each of its faces with a veil of thermoplastic fibres.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a printing plate by applying a first coating liquid onto a belt-like support, and drying the first coating liquid to form an image recording layer; and applying a second coating liquid for an overcoat layer onto the image recording layer, and drying the second coating liquid, comprises: a coating liquid cooling device that cools the second coating liquid so that a temperature T1 of the second coating liquid may fall within a predetermined range; a support cooling device that cools the belt-like support so that the temperature of the second coating liquid may fall within the predetermined range; and an initial drying device that initially dries the overcoat layer by air having a low temperature and a dew point of not more than 5° C. parallel to a surface of the overcoat layer at an air velocity of 8 to 15 m/sec.

Abstract: The invention relates to freeze-dried molded articles comprising at least one or more active substances and optionally one or more scaffold-forming agents, optionally one or more auxiliary substances, as well as a coating comprising at least one film-forming agent. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods for manufacturing these freeze-dried molded articles, the combination of such freeze-dried molded articles in kit-of-parts arrangements together with aqueous solutions, as well as the use of the freeze-dried molded articles and the kit-of-parts combinations for pharmaceutical and cosmetic application.

Abstract: An extruded structural article is disclosed. The article has a cap layer comprising a flame retardant thermoplastic urethane material. The flame retardant thermoplastic urethane material is a blend of a thermoplastic urethane and a flame retardant polymer, such as a halogenated polymer. The thermoplastic urethane material is cross-linked using cross-linking agents such as radical initiators to improve strength, weather resistance, and resistance to scratching, abrasion, or marring. The flame retardant thermoplastic urethane is typically blended in a first extrusion with minimal cross-linking, and then applied to a structural article during a second extrusion in which the cross-linking reaction is activated.