Abstract: An aqueous emulsion composition containing an aminopolysiloxane, a water-soluble oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide and its salts, water and optionally a hydroxy-terminated polysiloxane, which emulsion imparts slickness and durability to a fibrous substrate without releasing volatile organic compounds and method of use is provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to polysiloxanes having fluoroaliphatic- and carboxyl- containing terminal groups, their preparation and their use in imparting water-, oil- and soil-repellency and a soft hand to fibrous substrates such as leather, and to the resulting treated substrate.

Abstract: The invention concerns graft copolymers, useful for the treatment of leather, comprising monomers of the formula ##STR1## grafted onto a base polymer comprising monomers of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 stand for a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the groups R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have van der Waals volumes which differ from one another by less than 30 percent.

Abstract: The instant invention pertains to a hot-melt pressure sensitive adhesive composition wherein the composition is comprised of a mixture of (i) a silicone resin and (ii) a silicone fluid, the mixture exhibiting tackiness and adhesiveness, the mixture being blended with (B) from about 1.0 to 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the mixture of (i) and (ii), of a siloxylated allyloxypropane diol copolymer. The instant invention also encompasses method of using the composition, methods of making hot-melt silicone pressure sensitive adhesive-coated substrates, and devices made using the composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a treating composition containing 0.3 to 30% by weight of a fluoroaliphatic radical containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound, 0.3 to 30% by weight of an anti-soiling agent and 0 to 60% by weight of an environmentally acceptable water-miscible organic solvent and water for the use for imparting excellent water- and oil repellency, stain resistance and dry soil resistance to textiles, carpets, concrete, paper, leather and wool.

Abstract: The invention is an aqueous softening filler for leather and a process for softening leather which utilizes the softening filler. The softening filler comprises thermoexpansible microcapsules. The thermoexpansible microcapsules are impregnated into the leather from an aqueous dispersion or from a mixture containing the thermoexpansible microcapsules and fat liquor. After the leather is impregnated with the thermoexpansible microcapsules, the leather is heated to a temperature above which the thermoexpansible microcapsules expand. The process improves the softness of the leather.

Abstract: A method for treating leather with a low fogging, substantive, retan fatliquor containing a dispersion of a selected amphiphilic copolymer, substantially free from organic solvents, formed from a predominant amount of at least one hydrophobic monomer and a minor amount of at least one copolymerizable hydrophilic monomer. The method produces leather having desirable strength and softness qualities and particularly reduced fogging characteristics, the leather being particularly suitable for use in vehicle upholstery.

Abstract: This invention relates to a blend of at least two emulsion polymers. In particular, the emulsion polymer blend comprises from 95 to 40 percent by weight of at least one first latex and from 5 to 60 percent by weight of at least one second latex, wherein the first latex is multi-stage comprising from 95 to 50 percent by weight of at least one soft stage polymer having a Tg less than 50.degree. C. and from 5 to 50 percent by weight of at least one hard stage polymer having a Tg from about 20.degree. C. to about 160.degree. C., and wherein the second latex is not an ambient temperature film-forming polymer. The emulsion polymer blend of this invention can be used to formulate a variety of aqueous coating compositions, such as for example, paints, mastics, caulks, sealants, varnishes, floor polishes, and the like. The emulsion polymer blend of this invention is also useful for formulating an aqueous coating composition which is coalescent-free.

Abstract: A method of improving the strength, temper and water resistance of leather utilizing selected amphiphilic copolymers is provided. The amphiphilic copolymers are formed from a predominant amount of at least one hydrophobic monomer and a minor amount of at least one copolymerizable hydrophilic monomer. The method is particularly useful as a one step substitute for conventional retanning and fatliquoring treatment steps. In a preferred embodiment the amphiphilic copolymers also provide a significant degree of water resistance to the leather.

Abstract: Fluorochemical compositions comprising fluorinated compounds, wherein the fluorinated compound comprises fluorochemical oligomeric portion bonded through --O--, --S--, --NH--, or CO.sub.2 -- to a moiety comprising a group derived from an amino resin. Also disclosed are fluorochemical compositions in the form of fluorochemical liquid dispersions and methods for preparing substrates treated with such compositions. Substrates so treated exhibit particularly durable and abrasion-resistant oil and water repellent properties.

Abstract: The invention concerns graft copolymers, useful for the treatment of leather, comprising monomers of the formula ##STR1## grafted onto a base polymer comprising monomers of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 stand for a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the groups R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have van der Waals volumes which differ from one another by less than 30 percent.

Abstract: According to the invention, the treatment process for imparting flame retardancy consists in grafting a textile material containing nitrogen atoms in its polymeric structure, especially silk, with a phosphoric acid ethyenic ester of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is selected from the group comprising H and alkyls and R.sub.2 is selected from the group comprising alkylenes and alkylene oxides and/or polyalkylene oxides, for example phosphated ethylene glycol methacrylate, the grafting rate being less than or equal to 20%.

Abstract: An item of footwear which has become scuffed or worn, or which is to be protected against wear, on its leather or leather-like external surfaces, is subjected to a preliminary cleaning. Thereafter, a coating of polyurethane elastomer dispersed in water, and possibly extended by acrylic resin dispersed in water, further including a colorant, a defoamer and a wetting agent, is brushed or swabbed onto the surface. The water evaporates, leaving a thin, flexible, scuff-resistant coating, the color of which covers and hides discoloration and scuffs on the original surface.

Abstract: In a method of producing a device having at least one optical waveguide on a substrate, two transparent layers are formed one on top of the other on the substrate. The material of the two layers is selected so that the melting point of the material of the second layer is lower than that of the material of the first layer, but has a higher refractive index than the first layer. After formation of the structure, a heating process is performed in which the material of the second layer melts and, due to surface tension, its surface, when seen in cross section, takes on the shape at least approximating the arc of a circle. With this cross-sectional shape, coupling of light waves into and out of an optical fiber is possible at one edge of the substrate after the end faces of the optical waveguide have been ground or polished.

Abstract: A silicone containing automotive vinyl, rubber and leather protectant in the form of a solvent solution, a water dilutable emulsion, or as a "neat" fluid. The silicone is an alkylaryl silicone copolymer having long chain hydrocarbon units and aromatic units. The protectant formulation exhibits greater substantivity to organic surfaces such as vinyl, rubber and leather, and possesses enhanced penetration of organic surfaces to which it is applied resulting in an improvement in protection of such surfaces against the deterioration caused by ultraviolet radiation. Treated surfaces are also rendered paintable.

Abstract: This invention relates to solutions of alkali metal stearates which remain soluble and stable at room temperature. In particular, the invention relates to an aqueous solution which includes an alkali metal stearate selected from the group consisting of sodium stearate and potassium stearate, and a water soluble nonionic surfactant. More particularly, the invention relates to a solution which when deposited on a substrate forms a stearate-surfactant lubricant layer upon removal of water. The solutions may be used in neat form or delivered as part of an emulsion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of drying and bonding one or more layers of nail polish the the surface of a fingernail, wherein the final coating is defined as a photo-sensitive material that is activated by means of a photo-active light source.

Abstract: A formaldehyde-free latent crosslinking monomer represented by the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, or R.sup.4 --C(O)--; and R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.8 aryl, contains an allyl group capable of undergoing addition copolymerization and a dialkoxy ethyl group capable of crosslinking under acidic conditions. The monomer can be copolymerized with comonomers to form emulsion polymers for use as formaldehyde-free binders in nonwoven textiles. Methods for the preparation of the monomer, the polymers, and the nonwoven fabrics are described.

Abstract: The gripping characteristics of the contact surface of a handle, grip or glove are improved by applying an extremely soft, elastomeric coating having a hardness of 20 to 40 Shore A, a tensile strength of 700 to 1700 psi, an elongation of 400 to 1400 percent and a tear resistance of 100 to 400 PLI, such as an oil-modified, styrene/ethylene-butylene/styrene block copolymers. The oil-modified, styrene/ethylene-butylene/styrene block copolymer is dissolved by high temperature, high shear mixing in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, such as ethyl benzene, in the range of 10% to 45% solids. The coating solution can also contain a pigment. The thus formed coating solution is then applied to the contact surface and dried, so as to form the polymer coating.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of high-gloss patent leather from two-component polyurethane compositions by reacting hydroxyl group-containing oligourethanes with polyisocyanates, characterized in that the oligourethanes have been synthesized fromA) at least 2 macrodiols in a molar ratio of about 1:6 to 6:1 wherein1) the first macrodiol has an average molecular weight of 254 to about 650 and contains an aromatic ring or a saturated or unsaturated cycloaliphatic ring and2) the second macrodiol has an average molecular weight of about 1,200 to 3,000, provided that the molecular weight of macrodiol A/2 is at least 3 times the molecular weight of macrodiol A/1, andB) at least one diisocyanate,wherein the macrodiol:diisocyanate molar ratio is about 1.0:0.9 to 1.0:0.3.The present invention is also directed to the high-gloss patent leather prepared in accordance with the above process.

Abstract: Copolymers which containa) from 50 to 90% by weight of C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -alkyl methacrylates, vinyl esters of C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -carboxylic acids or mixtures thereof andb) from 10 to 50% by weight of monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -carboxylic acids, monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides, monoesters or monoamides of monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -dicarboxylic acids, amides of C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -monocarboxylic acids or mixtures thereofas copolymerized units and have molecular masses of from 500 to 30,000 are used in at least partially neutralized form in aqueous solution or dispersion for making leather and furs water repellent.

Abstract: The invention discloses novel silanol waxes and applications thereof. Compounds of the invention by virtue of their silanol fatty ester group are waxy lubricious solids which provide outstanding lubrication and hydrophobicity when applied to surfaces like fiber, hair, skin or paper. The compounds of the present invention are prepared by reacting a silanol compound with a fatty carboxylic and or polycarboxylic acid, ester or anhydride.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the soil- and/or stain-resistant characteristics of polyamide and wool fabrics is provided. A variety of combinations of sulfonated resin, sulfonated phenolic compounds, compounds of sulfonated phenolics and aldehydes, fluorochemicals, modified wax emulsions, acrylics and organic acids of low molecular weight provide enhanced soil release and anti-stain properties.

Abstract: An item of footwear which has become scuffed or worn, or which is to be protected against wear, on its leather or leather-like external surfaces, is subjected to a preliminary cleaning. Thereafter, a coating of polyurethane elastomer dissolved in a solvent (preferably half toluene and half isopropyl alcohol), further including a colorant, a thickener and a gloss-lowering agent, is brushed or swabbed onto the surface. The solvent evaporates, leaving a thin, flexible, scuff-resistant coating the color of which covers and hides discoloration and scuffs on the original surface.

Abstract: Process for preparing raw hide containing at least one inorganic pyrophosphate compound, comprising: (a) subjecting raw hide to a solution containing at least one inorganic pyrophosphate compound; and (b) drying the raw hide containing the inorganic pyrophosphate salt. The raw hide containing the inorganic pyrophosphate is chewed and/or eaten by dogs, with the result that tartar accumulation on their teeth is reduced or prevented.

Abstract: Process for preparing raw hide having a coating containing, at least one inorganic pyrophosphate compound, comprising:(a) subjecting raw hide to a liquefied coating material containing at least one inorganic pyrophosphate compound, thereby, forming a coating of such liquefied coating material on the raw hide; and(b) drying the raw hide having a coating containing said at least one inorganic pyrophosphate compound.The raw hide having a coating containing at least one inorganic pyrophosphate is chewed and/or eaten by dogs, with the result that tartar accumulation on their teeth is reduced or prevented.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of derivatives of natural fats and oils that is characterized in that fats that are solid at room temperature or which contain solid fractions, mixtures of these with free fatty acids, mono- and/or diglycerides are oxyalkylated at elevated temperatures in the presence of basic catalysts having at least one 1,2-epoxide and the conversion products so obtained, optionally, after epoxidation are sulphonated in a manner known per se. The products are particularly suitable for use as leather dubbing agents.

Abstract: The leather is treated with a resin, quaternary ammonium compound, amine or polymer before the impregnation with the fluoro chemicals. With these auxiliaries, a uniform effectiveness of the fluoro chemicals which act on the surface is achieved, regardless of the procedure or the chemicals previously introduced into the leather. These auxiliaries can optionally also be applied to the leather together with the fluoro chemicals.

Abstract: Fibers in non-woven fibrous goods are bonded together by a crosslinked carboxylated acrylate polymer which forms a network of coalesced latex particles bonding contiguous fibers. This network exists as a non-continuous, porous film supported upon the fibers of the non-woven goods. The particles are of polymer derived from a crosslinked carboxylate latex containing from 1-20 phr of itaconic acid (IA) and at least 70 phr of one or more copolymerizable monomers one of which is an acrylate having the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sub.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkoxyalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkylthioalkyl, or C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 cyanoalkyl; andat least 40 phr of said acrylate in said film is present as an alkyl acrylate in which alkyl is C.sub.4 -C.sub.8.

Abstract: An invented composition for promoting the adhesion of adhesives, coatings and/or composites to proteinaceous substrates is disclosed comprising a water-miscible solvent; and an unsaturated carboxylic acid of the general formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is selected from CH.dbd.CH, C(CH.sub.3).dbd.C(CH.sub.3), C(CH.sub.3).dbd.CH, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2, or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 ; and R.sub.2 is selected from a terminally mono-, di-, tri-, or multi-unsaturated group. Methods of making the compound and methods of its use are also disclosed.

Abstract: Temperature adaptable textile fibers are provided in which phase-change or plastic crystalline materials are filled within hollow fibers or impregnated upon non-hollow fibers. The fibers are produced by applying solutions or melts of the phase-change or plastic crystalline materials to the fibers. Cross-linked polyethylene glycol is especially effective as the phase change material, and, in addition to providing temperature adaptability, it imparts improved properties as to soil release, durable press, resistance to static charge, abrasion resistance, pilling resistance and water absorbency.

Abstract: Leather is finished on the basis of a purely aqueous system using aqueous polymer dispersions, casein and crosslinking agents in the bottoming and seasoning.

Abstract: A process is provided for applying to a substrate a polymer composition containing an alkali-soluble polymer and a latex polymer incompatible with the alkali-soluble polymer, at a weight ratio of alkali-soluble polymer to latex polymer of about 1:99 to about 80:20. The process achieves the rheological benefits of the alkali-soluble polymer in the wet state while achieving a good balance of properties in the final treated substrate.

Abstract: This invention consists of a method to produce a composite wet-press papermakers felt by which one side of a textile base fabric can be given a uniform, smooth coating of polymeric resin particles fused together to provide a porous, elastic surface. Its distinguishing feature is the application to the textile base fabric of a homogeneous foam, composed of resin particles, a binder material, and a solvent, in a uniformly thick coating. The textile base fabric is then subjected to heat, which evaporates the solvent and fuses the resin particles to each other and to the fabric base.

Abstract: Compositions comprising(a) phosphoric acid partial esters of oxyalkylated C.sub.14-20 -fatty alcohols and(b) phosphoric acid partial esters of non-oxyalkylated C.sub.12-20 -fatty alcoholsoptionally together with(c) a hydrophilic non-ionic or anionic surfactant different from (a) a (b)but essentially free of optionally chemically modified natural leather-fatting agentsare excellently suitable for the softening and fatting of leather without admixture of optionally chemically modified natural leather fatting agents.

Abstract: A process for treating textile fabrics comprising contacting said fabrics at an elevated temperature with a fluorine-containing polymer composition comprising form 3 to 7 weight percent of fluorine-containing polymer, 0.1 to 0.3 weight percent of melamine resin and 1 to 4 weight percent curing catalyst.

Abstract: Aqueous fatliquoring solutions, dispersions or emulsions are made with (a) polyethers having at least two hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of from 200 to 20,000 and/or (b) polyester containing at least two hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of from 200 to 20,000 and/or (c) polycarbonates containing at least two hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of from 200 to 20,000 and/or mixtures thereof. These fatliquoring agents are used to treat tanned leathers until from 0.1 to 20 wt % has been taken up. The thus-treated leather is particularly useful in the production of leather-polyurethane compositions such as shoes without the use of an adhesive.

Abstract: A felt member, in particular a felt ring as a technical accessory for polishing and grinding operations, characterized in that the felt member contains at least 35% of a natural fiber material and polishing grains of a grain size of below 1000 .mu.m are enclosed in cavities in the tangled structure of the natural fiber material.

Abstract: A solid flexible polymeric material is formed by solidifying a water-based latex which contains an inorganic filler. The filler is sand and this may be stabilized in the latex with xanthan gum. The solid material may be a foamed or non-foamed layer which may be used as integral carpet backing, as carpet underlay, or as an adhesive for bonding a reinforcing fabric to the back of carpeting.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided with a chamber (20) into which a plurality of jets of moisture-laden air is directed through apertures (nozzles) 18. Through the chamber lasted shoes S, on the bottoms of which a coating of a moisture-curable adhesive composition has been applied, are progressively moved, supported bottom uppermost. The velocity of the air, which is re-circulated, is between 10 and 20 meters/second (measured at the apertures), its temperature is between 85.degree. C. and 125.degree. C. (measured at the point of impingement on the article) and its dew point not greater than 60.degree. C. The lasted shoes are subjected to this treatment for a period of 1 to 31/2 minutes.

Abstract: A method of fatting tanned leather substrates comprising(a) applying to the substrate as the fatting agent an aqueous solution or dispersion of an ortho-phosphoric acid partial ester having attached to the phosphorus atom an average 1 to 2 (which may be a non-integral number) groups of the formula I ##STR1## where each A independently is ##STR2## and n is a number from 2 to 10 with the proviso that 2 to 6 groups A are --(CH.sub.2).sub.2,R is an unsubstituted linear or branched (preferably linear) C.sub.14-20 alkyl group or an unsubstituted linear or branched (preferably linear) C.sub.14-20 alkenyl group,the phosphoric acid partial ester being in free acid or salt form;(b) treating with an agent selected from polyvalent metal oxide, hydroxide and salt, at the same time as fatting or after fatting.

Abstract: Oligomeric and prepolymeric organic compounds with aldehyde, epoxide, isocyanate, or halotriazine groups and polymerizable groups. Compounds of this type and mixtures thereof have outstanding adhesion properties, especially in relation to biological substrates, can be copolymerized with composites based on unsaturated monomers, and are especially appropriate in dentistry and medicine as adhesion promoters, adhesive fillers, or adhesive cement.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of optionally foamed polyurethanes which are combined or fabricated with another material, comprising reacting compounds with molecular weights from 400 to 10,000 containing at least 2 isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms with polyisocyanates in the presence of catalysts containing tertiary amino groups and combining or fabricating the resulting polyurethane with another material, characterized in that the catalysts used are diffusion resistant aminoalkanols corresponding to the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be identical or different and represent hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group,R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 may be identical or different and represent a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group or together form a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene group which may contain hetero atoms such as O or NR (R=C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl), and n and m may be identical or different and represent integers from 1 to 6.

Abstract: Aqueous solution of alkali or ammonium acrylate is applied to a prefabricated fibrous substrate, and the acrylate is subjected to polymerization in two steps, namely the first step in which the acrylate is polymerized by means of a radical polymerization initiator and the second step which is subsequent to the first step and in which the unpolymerized acrylate is polymerized by means of irradiation with electromagnetic radiation or corpuscular ionizing radiation.

Abstract: A heat-resistant prepreg uses at a substrate a heat-resistant material made of heat-resistant organic fibers, inorganic fibers, etc. and as a matrix a heat-resistant mixture containing at least 10% by weight of a borosiloxane resin composition. This heat-resistant prepreg is obtained by impregnating the substrate at a temperature in the range of 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. to such an extent that at least 20% of the amount of phenyl groups bonded to silicon atoms in the aforementioned borosiloxane resin composition prior to the impregnating and drying steps will remain after the heat treatment.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the preparation of optionally pigmented spreading paste based on multiphase mixtures of ionically-modified polyurethanes and/or polyurethane ureas which are prepared from special synthesis components based on silicone resins, aromatic hydroxypolyethers, aromatichydroxy polyesters, and perfluorocarbon resins, the multiphase mixtures additionally containing water and organic solvents for the polyurethanes and/or polyurethane ureas. The present invention is also directed to the preparation of these optionally pigmented spreading pastes and to their use for the production of coatings permeable to water vapor on fabric or leather substrates by the direct or transfer method using the technique of evaporation.

Abstract: Organometallic compounds and compositions comprising a metal, an amido carboxyl moiety bonded to the metal, and active moiety bonded to the metal, and at least one modifier moiety sufficient to satisfy the valency of the metal. These compounds and compositions are capable of combining the substantivity of the amido carboxyl metal system, functional efficacy of an active moiety, and film-forming properties in a single compound or composition.

Abstract: A solid flexible polymeric material is formed by solidifying a water-based latex which contains an inorganic filler. The filler is sand and this may be stabilized in the latex with xanthan gum. The solid material may be a formed or non-foamed layer which may be used as integral carpet backing, as carpet underlay, or as an adhesive for bonding a reinforcing fabric to the back of carpeting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of water- and solvent-resistant coatings by coating substrates with an aqueous coating composition containing as binder a mixture of(1) reaction products, containing anionic structural units of the formula ##STR1## in a quantity of 5 to 1200 milliequivalents per 100 g of said reaction products, obtained by reacting organic polyisocyanates with salts of cyanamide and bases selected from ammonia, volatile primary and secondary amines having a pKb-value of at least 3.1 and any volatile aliphatic tertiary amines and(2) polyepoxides having at least two epoxide groups per molecule and an epoxide equivalent of at least about 80, said polyepoxides being used in a quantity corresponding to an equivalent ratio of epoxide groups to anionic structural units of about 0.1:1 to 3:1, andcross-linking the binder at a temperature of about 5 to 200.degree. C. The present invention is also directed to the aqueous coating composition based on components 1 and 2.

Abstract: A method of working leather, in which a deposit of material adhering to the leather is made on the surface of the leather to enable a leather footwear upper treated in this way to adhere to a sole without being carded or sanded, either by direct injection of sole-constituting material, or else by bonding on or by gluing on a prefabricated sole, and/or to enable the leather to be worked by a high frequency current.