Abstract: A method for coloring synthetic food casings such as casings manufactured from cellulose and collagen wherein the tubular casing in the gel state is impregnated with a solution containing caramel and thereafter the caramel is cross-linked and insolubilized in the casing to effect permanent coloring of the casing.

Abstract: Composition for application to keratinous fibres to impart resistance to shrinking. The composition comprises (A) a hydroxylated polydiorganosiloxane having a molecular weight of at least 750(B) an organosilane having alkoxy groups and an organic substituent containing at least 2 amine groups, and/or a partial hydrolysate and condensate of the organosilane, and (C) an organic or organosilicon compound containing at least one hydroxyl radical bonded to an aliphatic carbon atom.The composition may also contain a further organosilane e.g. methyltrimethoxysilane and/or its partial hydrolysis and condensation product.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of producing non-woven fabrics by impregnating a non-woven fibrous web with a binding agent dispersion characterized by the use of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon substituent,R.sub.1, r.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each hydrogen, alkyl or polyalkoxy substituentsn is an integer andZ is zero or an integer in free base, acid addition salt or quaternary ammonium salt form, to prevent migration of the binding agent.

Abstract: A method for treating a leather, characterized by treating a leather with a polymer [II] obtained by polymerizing 5 to 2,000 parts by weight of at least one member selected from the group consisting of acrylic esters and methacrylic esters in which the alcohol moiety is a hydrocarbon- or halohydrocarbon-group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and 500 parts by weight or less of at least one vinyl compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.I and R.sup.II are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon- or halohydrocarbon-group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or Y; Y is a group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and having a group selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, acid halide groups, a hydroxyl group, ether groups, and oxygen-containing cyclic compound residues; R.sup.III is an oxygen atom or >N-R.sup.IV wherein R.sup.

Abstract: A new class of hybrid copolymers which confer improved spray rating, resistance to staining, particularly aqueous stains and improved resistance to crocking on surfaces is obtained from (I) fluoroaliphatic radical-containing component in combination with (II) hydrocarbyl radical-containing component together conferring controlled oleophobicity and hydrophobicity in air and (III) a balanced combination of hydrophilic components conferring oleophobicity in water.

Abstract: A process for dressing and providing leather with an antimicrobial finish is provided, which comprises treating the leather with aqueous preparations of (1) reaction products of (a) an epoxide that contains at least two epoxide groups in each molecule, (b) a fatty amine with 12 to 24 carbon atoms, (c) a dicarboxylic acid of the formulaHOOC(CH.sub.2).sub.y-1 COOH ,wherein y is an integer from 1 to 13, optionally (d) an anhydride of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid with at least 8 carbon atoms, of an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid with at least 2 carbon atoms, or of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with at least 4 carbon atoms, (e) an aliphatic diol with 2 to 21 carbon atoms and/or (f) a difunctional compound which differs from components (a), (c), (d) and (e), which reaction products have been reacted or mixed or reacted and mixed with (2) aminoplast precondensates which contain alkyl ether groups, and subsequently drying the treated leather at elevated temperature.

Abstract: A process for bonding and providing nonwovens with an antimicrobial finish is provided, which comprises treating the nonwovens with aqueous preparations of1. reaction products of (a) an epoxide that contains at least two epoxide groups in each molecule, (b) a fatty amine with 12 to 24 carbon atoms, (c) a dicarboxylic acid of the formulaHOOC(CH.sub.2).sub.y.sub.-1 COOH,wherein y is an integer from 1 to 13, optionally (d) an anhydride of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid with at least 8 carbon atoms, of an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid with at least 2 carbon atoms, or of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with at least 4 carbon atoms, (e) an aliphatic diol with 2 to 21 carbon atoms and/or (f) a difunctional compound which differs from components (a), (c), (d) and (e), which reaction products have been reacted or mixed or reacted and mixed with2. aminoplast precondensates which contain alkyl ether groups, and subsequently drying the treated nonwovens at elevated temperature.

Abstract: A simple and economical one-step process for felt-proofing and dimensionally stabilizing textiles, particularly textiles based on keratinous fibers is disclosed. In the process, the textiles are treated with aqueous baths which contain salts of sulfurous acid or pyrosulphites as reducing agents and polyurethanes which contain onium groups.

Abstract: Stable solutions of diisocyanate polyaddition products in a solvent mixture containing: a) inert organic solvents, b) primary and/or secondary alcohols and c) semiacetals of formaldehyde and the process of preparing such solutions. Methods of dressing leather with said solutions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Durable crease and wrinkle resistance properties are permanently imparted to fabrics and garments by treating the same with a novel composition prepared by reacting a urea with a condensation product of an aldehyde, an amine and phosphoric acid under curing conditions.

Abstract: Durable crease and wrinkle resistance properties are permanently imparted to fabrics and garments by treating the same with a novel composition prepared by reacting a urea with a condensation product of an aldehyde, an amine and phosphoric acid under curing conditions.

Abstract: Leather is coated on at least one face with a curable composition comprisingI. a polymercaptan containing at least two mercaptan groups per average molecule,Ii. a polyene having, per average molecule, at least two ethylenic double bonds, each .beta. to an atom of nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen, the sum of the mercaptan groups in the polymercaptan and of such ethylenic double bonds in the polyene being more than 4, and the composition is then cured on the leather with or without the application of heat, optionally in the presence of a Bronsted acid, a Bronsted base, or a source of free radicals, as a curing accelerator.In this manner the leather is provided with a wearing or decorative surface having high gloss and smoothness, enhanced ease of cleaning, and decreased permeability to liquids.

Abstract: A process for finishing keratinous material, especially rendering it shrink-resistant or imparting to it durably pressed effects, comprises1. treating the material with a polythiol ester of the formula ##EQU1## WHERE R.sup.1 represents an aliphatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon radical of at least 2 carbon atoms, which may contain not more than one ether oxygen atom,R.sup.2 represents a hydrocarbon radical,p is an integer of from 2 to 6,q is zero or a positive integer of at most 3, such that (p + q) is at most 6, andr and s each represent zero or 1 but are not the same, and2. curing the polythiol ester on the material by means of a polyene containing, per average molecule, at least two ethylenic double bonds each .beta. to an oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atom, the sum of such ethylenic double bonds in the polyene and of the mercaptan groups in the polythiol ester being more than 4 and the combined weight of the polyene and the polythiol ester being from 0.5 to 15% by weight of the keratinous material treated.

Abstract: Carpets are backed with a composition comprisingI. a polymercaptan containing at least two mercatpan groups per average molecule,Ii. a polyene having, per average molecule, at least two ethylenic double bonds each .beta. to an atom of nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen, the sum of the mercaptan groups in the polymercaptan and of such ethylenic double bonds in the polyene being more than 4, and the composition is then cured on the carpet with or without the application of heat, optionally in the presence of a Bronsted acid, a Bronsted base, or a source of free radicals, as a curing accelerator. Such carpet backings cure at relatively low temperatures and so may be used in conjunction with a wide range of fibers and dyestuffs: the backings also retain their flexibility for prolonged periods.

Abstract: Coated paper is provided in sheet, roll or other physical form and shape which is water-repellent when wetted on either side but which readily disintegrates when both sides are wetted as when the entire sheet is immersed in water. The paper is preferably of toilet or facial tissue quality or water-soluble or any other type, provided it is not wet-strength grade, which readily disintegrates in water. A water-soluble grade of nonwoven fabric may also be used instead of paper. The paper is first covered with an extremely thin, (2 to about 5 pounds per ream) coating which does not appreciably penetrate into or impregnate the paper. The coating is preferably an extremely thin layer of polyethylene which serves as a hold-out coating for a subsequent water-repellent coating, preferably of wax, modified with ethyl vinyl acetate or synthetic rubbers and softeners.

Abstract: Vinyl plastisols are fused to heat-sensitive primary backings and facing yarns integral therewith and expanded thereon by the application of a heating medium in the form of high velocity steam or a high velocity gas. Although the temperature of the heating medium is above the softening point of the heat-sensitive primary backing, the velocity of the heating medium and the angle at which it is directed against the plastisol-coated, heat-sensitive primary backing results in fusion and expansion of the vinyl plastisol on the heat-sensitive primary backing without damage to the backing material or facing materials associated therewith.

Abstract: A method of preparing a backer for use in the production of man-made leather containing from 20 to 50% by weight of tanned collagen fibrous material.

Abstract: Nonwovens of natural and synthetic fibers which are bonded uniformly over the whole cross-section are obtained by using as binders aqueous polymer dispersions containing as heat-sensitizing agents alkoxylated amines having inverse solubility and a pH of less than 6.