Abstract: Fibers containing free amino groups, and especially polyamide fibers, can be made resistant to certain stains, especially those resulting from food grade dyes, by contacting the fiber with a solution of an aliphatic sulfonic acid containing 8 to 24 carbon atoms. Branched chain aliphatic sulfonic acids are more effective than the linear aliphatic sulfonic acids, and branching at the carbon bearing the sulfonic acid group is more effective than branching at any other carbon. Contacting the fiber with the solution of the aliphatic sulfonic acid needs to be done under acidic conditions, most preferably at a pH between 0.5 to 5.0.

Abstract: A soil release composition comprising:(A) a polymer comprising 10 to 100% by weight of constituting units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f is a C.sub.3 --C.sub.21 fluoroalkyl group; R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.2 --C.sub.4 acyl group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are, the same or different, each a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group; A is a group of the formula: --CH.sub.2 CH(OR.sup.1)CH.sub.2 --OCO-- which R.sup.1 is the same as defined in the above, --CO--, --(CH.sub.2).sub.k N(R.sup.2)CO-- in which R.sup.2 is the same as defined in the above and k is an integer of 1 to 10, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: A permanently tackified leather glove having its inner surface detackified with a solution containing nitrocellulose and silicone resins and process for making same as well as the leather therefor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of light-stable, solvent-resistant polyurethane urea elastomer coatings by the reactive coating process wherein NCO prepolymers are reacted with 4,4'-diamino-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -tetraalkyldicyclohexylalkanes containing up to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group with continuous mixing and continuous discharge of the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for protecting the surface of various kinds of shaped articles made of an organic polymeric material such as rubbers, leathers, woods, plastics and the like against weathering caused by exposure to ultraviolet light, ozone, moisture, etc. The method comprises providing the surface with a coating layer of a specific organopolysiloxane composed of difunctional, tetrafunctional and nonofunctional siloxane units in a limited molar proportion of 50-85%, 10-30% and 5-20%, respectively.

Abstract: A lacquer composition comprising a water soluble reaction product of(a) a water soluble acrylic polymer or copolymer having pendant amine groups, and(b) a glycidyl ether of a di- or polyhydric alcohol or monomeric phenolic compound having 2-4 aromatic hydroxy groupswith the proviso that per amine equivalent of component (a) 0.5-0.85 epoxide equivalents of component (b) are present, the reaction product being hardened by a mixture of component (b) above and a glycidyl ether of a polymeric phenol-aldehyde condensate or of polyamine derived from ethyleneimine and/or propyleneimine.The composition is useful for coating such substrates as leather.

Abstract: Composite polyisocyanate addition products are formed from (1) the reaction product of a compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and a molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000, a polyisocyanate and a catalyst which is a diffusion stable amino alkyl urea having tertiary amino groups and corresponds to the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and n each represent specified groups or values and (2) another different material such as polyvinyl chloride, ABS, lacquers and textiles. Known additives such as blowing agents, chain extenders and foam stabilizers may optionally be used in the production of reaction product (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous solutions or dispersions of polyisocyanate addition products, which contain a quantity of incorporated sulphonate and/or carboxylate groups and optionally ethylene oxide units, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--, incorporated in a polyether chain to guarantee the solubility or dispersibility thereof in water, the content of sulphonate and/or carboxylate groups being about 2 to 300 milliequivalents per 100 g of solids and the content of the aforementioned ethylene oxide units being up to about 25% by weight, based on solids, characterized in that the polyisocyanate addition products have segments incorporated in the polymer chain which correspond to the following general formula: ##STR1## in an amount of about 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the above formulas, but excluding the weight of R.

Abstract: A process for improving the abrasion resistance of textile belts without decreasing the flexibility and with a good workability, which comprises applying an aqueous composition comprising a water soluble or dispersible, thermally reactive blocked urethane prepolymer to textile belts, and then subjecting the textile belts to heat treatment, thereby converting the blocked urethane prepolymer into a high molecular weight urethane resin.

Abstract: A method of preparing an impregnated leather composite is provided. A low density leather sheet is impregnated with an aqueous ionic dispersion of a polyurethane polymer. The polyurethane polymer which is impregnated in the leather sheet is ionically coagulated from the dispersion. The impregnate is dried to form an impregnated leather composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for rendering non-thermoplastic fibers and fibrous compositions flame resistant when contacted with a hot molten material, that involves the application thereto of a flame retardant composition incorporating a water-insoluble, non-phosphorous, solid, particulate mixture of brominated organic compound and a metal oxide or a metal oxide and metal hydrate.

Abstract: New cationic polydiorganosiloxanes are disclosed that are substantive to proteinaceous substrates. These cationic polydiorganosiloxanes have methyl substituents, and diaminoalkyl substituents reacted with benzyl chloride. These cationic polydiorganosiloxanes are easily emulsified and are useful for treating human hair, human skin, and animal fur.

Abstract: A nonwoven substrate impregnated with a vinyl acetate/ethylene/N-methylolacrylamide or vinyl chloride/ethylene/N-methylolacrylamide copolymer emulsion binder is cured by employing an acidic substance having a pKa of 1 to 2, sufficiently drying to volatilize a substantial amount of the water while not substantially cross-linking the copolymer binder and maintaining the dried nonwoven substrate at a temperature less than that for drying for a time sufficient to develop essentially full cure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fusion adhesives characterized in that they comprise an isocyanate prepolymer, a thermoplastic polyurethane or polyester, and/or a lower molecular weight synthetic resin selected from the group consisting of ketone resins, hydrogenation products of acetophenone condensation resins, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method for impregnating textile materials made from organic fibers which comprises impregnating the textile materials with a composition containing a crosslinkable diorganopolysiloxane, an organopolysiloxane containing at least 3 Si-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule, a crosslinking catalyst, and an organo(poly)siloxane containing 1 or 2 Si-bonded hydrogen atoms and 2 to 8 silicon atoms per molecule, in which the composition is free of a filler having a surface area greater than 50 g/m.sup.2 in an amount greater than 1 weight percent based on the weight of the organosilicon compounds and thereafter crosslinking the crosslinkable diorganopolysiloxane to form a coating thereon.

Abstract: Fire retardant compositions in the form of a powder are produced from the following components:______________________________________ Component Parts by Weight ______________________________________ Aldehyde 70-140 Ammonium phosphate 50-250 Ammonium, alkali metal or 50-250 alkaline earth metal compound or salt Urea reactant 70-190 Hydroxy reactant 20-60 Phosphoric acid 150-250 ______________________________________Also provided are retardant compositions containing the powder and methods for treating substrates, such as paper or wood, as well as cotton, wool, and synthetic textiles to impart fire retardant properties thereto.

Abstract: A textile finishing composition comprising (1) a diluent and (2) a durable press resin composition containing (a) an aminoplast resin and (b) an aldehyde. The textile finishing composition is combined with an acid catalyst and applied to textile materials to impart softness, improved wetting properties and durable press properties.The textile finishing composition is applied at lower than normal dry add-on levels to textile materials to provide textile materials having lower levels of formaldehyde.

Abstract: Composition useful for treating leather, textiles, and cellulosic materials to impart a high degree of water and oil repellancy thereto. The composition contains a fluorochemical compound having (a) a fluoroaliphatic moiety, (b) an aliphatic moiety, and (c) an organic group which connects moiety (a) and moiety (b).

Abstract: Organopolysiloxanes with Bunte salt groups having the formula ##EQU1## the Bunte salt groups being linked to a silicon atom by way of a carbon atom and in whichR.sup.1 is methyl with the proviso that up to 10% of the R.sup.1 groups may be alkyl with up to 18 carbon atoms or vinyl phenyl, hydrogen or hydroxyl,R.sup.2 is the ##STR1## group or the ##STR2## group, in which one of the R.sup.3, R.sup.4 groups represents an OH group and the other an --S.sub.2 O.sub.3 Me group (Me=alkali or the optionally substituted ammonium group), whereby the R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 radicals can be hydroxyl or together the oxygen of an oxirane ring in an amount up to 50% of the R.sup.2 group,a has any value from 1 to 2.33 andb has any value from 0.02 to 1.The compounds can be synthesized from the corresponding organopolysiloxanes having epoxy groups by reaction with alkali or ammonium thiosulfate and used for the surface treatment of inorganic or organic materials, for example, textiles, paper or rock wool.

Abstract: Feathers (including down) are provided with a water-repellant, bacterial-resistant, low friction cured fluorocarbon finish, such that the feathers have improved driability following washing and enhanced handle and resistance to clumping. The finished feathers are used in filled articles, such as quilts or pillows, which have enhanced washability.

Abstract: The invention is directed to overprinting a poly(vinyl chloride) resin substrate whose surface, or portion thereof, is colored by solvent soluble dye or by way of a mass solvent soluble dye, with a coloring agent made up of a liquid halogenated hydrocarbon solvent having 1-4 carbon atoms, pigment dispersed in said halohydrocarbon solvent, and a film former, dissolved in said halohydrocarbon solvent, consisting essentially of (a) acrylic resin or (b) a combination of acrylic resin and chlorinated polyolefin, at least 50% by weight of acrylic resin; and heat treating said overprinted substrate to adhere said film former and associated pigment.

Abstract: A composition and method of using thereof for enhancing the tactile characteristics of leather covered handles. The composition comprises an antiperspirant, a nonionic polymeric ethoxylate surfactant and solvent, and is applied to the leather which is subsequently dried with a cloth. The composition may also be applied to the hands of one about to use the handles, and the solvent permitted to evaporate therefrom.

Abstract: A method of preparing a storage-stable one-part reactive liquid thermal curing polymeric coating composition from an isocyanate-functional polymeric compound which has a substantial portion of its isocyanate groups masked with an isocyanate masking agent, and a crosslinking agent which is substantially insoluble in aprotic solvents. These liquid compositions are homogeneous even when free of solvents. Preferably the crosslinking agent is a crystalline polyol. The method involves the synthesis of a solubilizing oligomer which is formed by the partial reaction of the crosslinking agent and the unmasked isocyanate-functional polymeric compound. The thermal curing of these compositions results in polymeric coatings which possess superior physical properties. These cured coatings are particularly useful in the manufacture of retroreflective sheeting.

Abstract: Select NCO-terminated, uretdione group-containing polyurethane prepolymers are prepared by reacting a uretdione group-containing organic polyisocyanate with an isocyanate reactive hydrogen atom-containing compound, employing a select equivalent ratio of NCO to OH ranging from about 1.5/1 to about 2/1. The polyurethane prepolymers are useful in the preparation of lignocellulosic composite materials, such as particle board, and in making coatings.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for coating a substratum sheet material, such as woven fabrics, by first removing from the substratum material any moisture that does normally exist therein, and then coating the substratum material with a coating composition with no moisture, air or other impurities being trapped between the substratum and the coating. Novel products produced by this process comprise new compositions of sheet materials having improved weathering characteristics including stability against ultraviolet degradation for improved service in highly transparent or translucent coverings for roofs and solar devices.

Abstract: A stable aqueous dispersion of a room temperature curing polymer effective for forming films resistant to water and organic solvents, said polymer being a water-dispersible vinyl addition polymer containing a sufficient proportion of pendant N-methylolhydrazide groups to cause the polymer to cure in situ on a substrate when said dispersion is applied to the substrate and dried at ambient temperature. The polymer preferably sufficient pendant carboxylic salt groups to render the polymer water-dispersible or water soluble.

Abstract: The invention provides storage stable formulations of mothproofing compositions which contain a 5-phenylcarbamoylbarbituric acid and a synthetic pyrethroid as active ingredients and, as formulation components, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amines or amides or derivatives thereof, and, if appropriate, organic solvents and water, surfactants, emulsifiers and/or dispersants, and optionally aliphatic carboxylic acids. The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of these formulations and to a method of using said formulations for providing keratinous material, in particular wool textiles, with a protective finish against attack by pests that feed on keratin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new condensation products of(A) 1 mole of a highly etherified hexamethylol melamine and(B) 3 to 6 moles of a thiol of the formulaR.sub.f --X--SH, (1)Rf standing for perfluorinated alkyl with 4 to 14 C-atoms and X for divalent ethylene or isopropylene radicals, wherein the components (A) and (B) are reacted under increasing temperature up to at least 145.degree. C. within a period of at least 40 minutes.In form of their aqueous dispersions, the condensation products are suitable for oil- and water-repellent finishing of fibrous, preferably textile materials.

Abstract: What are disclosed are a method for the reinforcement of a fibrous article with an aqueous dispersion of a resin, free of formaldehyde and acrylonitrile, comprising at least 40 weight percent of alkyl acrylates and/or methacrylates having at least 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; up to 57 weight percent of alkyl acrylates or methacrylates having not more than 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, or of styrene; less than 1 weight percent of acrylic acid or of methacrylic acid; and from 3 to 15 weight percent of a hydroxyalkyl ester of an unsaturated carboxylic acid, as well as reinforced fibrous articles made by this method and distinguished by high wet strength and by low loss of the resin binder on washing with boiling water.

Abstract: New cationic polydiorganosiloxanes are disclosed that are substantive to proteinaceous substrates. These cationic polydiorganosiloxanes have methyl substituents, and diaminoalkyl substituents reacted with benzyl chloride. These cationic polydiorganosiloxanes are easily emulsified and are useful for treating human hair, human skin, and animal fur.

Abstract: Self-emulsifying lecithin salts are used for the fat-liquoring of leathers and skins. They are obtained by the partial or complete neutralization of industrial lecithins obtained from vegetable oils (acid numbers 10 to 40) with ethoxylated fatty amines.

Abstract: An improved method of treating fabrics made with natural fibers using hydroxymethylsulfonate to render the fabrics wrinkle resistant. According to the improved process, an alkylene glycol is incorporated in the sodium hydroxymethyl sulfonate padding bath used to impregnate the fabric thereby surprisingly reducing the amount of extractable formaldehyde from the dried fabrics.

Abstract: A novel coating composition is disclosed that is useful for primary resin based composition. The composition comprises an aqueous aliphatic polyurethane, an anionic surfactant and a carbon containing pigment.

Abstract: Novel phosphonic acid salts produced from ethane- or methanephosphonic acid, dicyandiamide and/or guanidine and optionally ammonia and corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein n, p, q, t and y are each 1 or 2, are particularly suitable for fireproofing organic fibre materials. Synthetic and/or cellulose-containing fibre materials are treated with an aqueous solution of the phosphonic acid salts and are then dried preferably at 60.degree. to 200.degree. C. The applied phosphonic acid salts impair only negligibly the textile-mechanical properties of the treated fibre materials, especially of the cellulose-containing fibre materials dried at 120.degree. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: This application discloses a process for producing a non-woven fabric which comprises applying a crosslinkable bonding agent to a portion of the surface of a fiber assembly, applying heat and pressure to drive the crosslinkable bonding agent into the fiber assembly and to densify the fiber assembly and subsequently crosslink the bonding agent.

Abstract: A method finishing keratinous textile articles, for example wool fabrics, which comprises treating the articles with an anti-felt polymer for example isocyanate functional or bunte salt functional polymers, and a polymer of chlorinated ethylenically unsaturated monomer, for example polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene, and dichlorobutadiene. Thereafter, the articles are treated with an anionic titanium or zirconium complex at low pH. Textiles so treated exhibit both shrink-resistant and flame-retardant properties.

Abstract: Process for the treatment of fibres e.g. of nylon or polyester/cotton in which the fibres are contacted with a polydiorganosiloxane having at least one --OM group, in which M represents H, alkyl or alkoxyalkyl, and at least one quaternary ammonium salt substituent --RN.sup.+ (R").sub.2 R'X.sup.- in which R represents a divalent hydrocarbon or hydrocarbonoxy group, R' represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or an alkyleneoxy or polyalkyleneoxy group, each R" represents methyl or ethyl and X represents a halogen atom.The treatment facilitates the removal of oily stains during laundering and may be applied in conjunction with other silicones.

Abstract: A process for accelerating the drying of a wet hydrophilic substrate, e.g. in a washing process, comprising the steps of(i) applying to the wet substrate by an exhaust process 0.05 to 1.0 per kg dry weight of substrate of a mixture comprising a cationic agent having affinity for the fibres and an emulsified polyethylene wax in an aqueous medium, and(ii) subsequently drying the substrate.

Abstract: Alkoxylation products in form of solutions in organic solvents or, preferably, in form of aqueous emulsions, stable against hydrolytic influences are used in a process for finishing textile materials to impart to these an excellent soft, superficially smooth fell connected with the improvement of tearing strength, abrasion resistance and sewability.The alkoxylation products are obtained by alkoxylation of hydrogen organopolysiloxanes, in particular of methyl hydrogen polysiloxanes with monovalent saturated and/or unsaturated alcohols having 4 to 22 C atoms.

Abstract: An absorbent, highly wettable, bioactive fabric useful as a surgical drape, dressing or the like comprised of a non-cellulosic substrate having a non-leachable silicone quaternary bioactive compound together with a hydrophilic organosilicone terpolymer incorporated thereon is described. The fabric is used to isolate a surgical incision site and provides an absorbent antimicrobial field to destroy migrating and cross-contaminating bacteria, fungi and algae. Procedures for producing the fabric are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for coating a substrate which comprises coating the substrate with a solution containing an organic solvent and(1) a diorganopolysiloxane having terminal SiC-bonded vinyl groups,(2) an organopolysiloxane having at least 3 Si-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule,(3) a catalyst which promotes the addition of Si-bonded hydrogen to an aliphatic multiple bond; and optionally(4) an agent which delays or retards the addition of Si-bonded hydrogen to an aliphatic multiple bond at room temperature,(5) a diorganopolysiloxane having a viscosity of at least 10.sup.6 mPa.s at 25.degree. C. in which a vinyl group is bonded to a silicon atom in 0.033 to 3.33 percent of the diorganosiloxane units, while the other organic radicals in the diorganosiloxane units of the diorganopolysiloxane are free of aliphatic multiple bonds, and(6) an organosilicon adhesive compound.

Abstract: Non-woven fabrics are rendered repellent to water, saline, body fluids and solvents according to the disclosed process that applied bioactive finish that becomes substantive on the fabric and serves to destroy migrating and cross-contaminating bacteria, algae and fungi. The finish serves to lower the amount of microbial contamination while providing a barrier to liquid penetration. Fabrics so treated are useful as surgeon's gowns, medical drapes, isolation gowns, instrument wraps and the like.

Abstract: Dyed, absorbent bioactive wettable fabrics are prepared by mixing together a wettable hydrophilic organosilicone polymer, a tinctorial amount of a compatible direct dye and a bioactive silyl quanternary amine. The mixture is applied to a non-woven cellulose-containing substrate then heated to dye the coated substrate, fix the dye and couple the microbiocide and hydrophilic coupling agent to the substrate. Fabric so produced is useful as an absorbent surgical drape or dressing to isolate a surgical incision site while providing an absorbent antimicrobial field to destroy migrating and cross-contaminating bacteria, algae and fungi.

Abstract: Molded fiber-reinforced thermoplastic articles are prepared by a novel two-step process involving an in situ polymerization of monomers onto the fiber followed by compression molding of the product.

Abstract: Process for making fibrous material water repellent by treating it with an aqueous bath containing(A) an emulsified organo polysiloxane with at least 2 hydroxyl groups optionally modified in a manner able to cross-link,(B) a non-ionic emulsion of poly silicic acid ester,(C) a reaction product which has been obtained by reaction of an organic compound containing at least one halohydrin and/or epoxy group with an organic compound containing hydrogen atoms bound to nitrogen, which in form of its salt is water-soluble or at least water-dispersible.The treated material is dried and optionally cured.

Abstract: The present invention is an asphaltic composition which is useful as a roofing asphalt formulation and method of making this formulation. The composition includes about 39 to 99 percent by weight of oxidized asphalt and between 1 and about 8 percent of oxidized polyethylene. It is preferred to use between about 0 to 40 percent of the saturant, which can be an unoxidized asphalt, to modify the viscosity of the formulation. There can be a filled asphaltic composition comprising about 40 percent by weight to about 99 percent by weight of the asphaltic composition and about 1 percent by weight to about 60 percent by weight of filler, which can be stone dust.

Abstract: A process for treating food and beverage containers comprised of low-carbon steel sheet (black plate) to improve the adherence and to resist undercutting of organic can lacquers applied to the surfaces thereof when subjected to agressive environments without visually impairing the light-grey shiny steel appearance of the container surface and without loss of humidity resistance. The treatment can readily be integrated with conventional can body manufacturing procedures and includes contacting the cleaned black plate container body surface with an aqueous acidic solution containing a controlled amount of stannous ions at a controlled temperature for a period of time sufficient to deposit tin on the surfaces thereof in an amount up to about 5 mg/ft.sup.2 followed by rinsing, drying and lacquering.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for insolubilizing casein coatings for leather utilizing alkoxy alkyl ureas. The coatings are cured in the presence of an acid catalyst. The casein coatings of the invention avoid the disadvantageous use of aldehydes such as formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde to cure the casein and reduce its water sensitivity and unexpectedly show improved wet abrasion resistance.

Abstract: This invention relates to new ammonium salts of .alpha.-ketocarboxylic acids, to their use for the production of amines in situ by photochemical decomposition and to photochemically hardenable coating compositions containing these ammonium salts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a unique chemical formulation used in the manufacture of substantially wind-resistant, water-repellent fabrics. The formulation comprises a silicone polymer catalyzed with a tin compound and optionally includes acetic acid and an aromatic solvent.A method for treating fabrics includes depositing the unique formulation on a taut fabric, uniformly distributing it across the width of the fabric and curing that product. Either before or after that treatment, the fabric is padded with or dipped in a bath of silicone or hydrofluorocarbon. Excess solution is removed. Last, the multicoated fibers of the fabric are compressively shrunk. A substantially wind and water-resistant fabric is produced that is not only porous and soft but also durable.