Abstract: A spray nozzle assembly is provided with an electrode, a wear resistant member, and a compliant sleeve. The wear resistant member supports the electrode and is supported by the compliant sleeve. For coating operations that use abrasive powder such as porcelain enamel, the wear resistant member may comprise ceramic. The compliant sleeve may be made of an elastic material such as plastic, which allows one end of the compliant sleeve to receive an end of a glass powder tube. The wear resistant member may be in the form of a ceramic spider. The electrode may be installed in-line with a powder flow path defined by the powder tube, which extends through a spray gun body.

Abstract: A method of making a nanostructured palladium thin film electrode is described. The method involves contacting a substrate with an aerosol comprising a solvent and a Pd(II) compound. The substrate is heated, and no hydrogen gas or an additional reducing agent is required to reduce the Pd(II) to form the deposited thin film. The nanostructured palladium thin film electrode is capable of detecting compounds such as hydrazine in an aqueous sample with a 10 nM limit of detection.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an automobile emblem is disclosed, which is for manufacturing an emblem that is to be disposed on a front surface of an automobile and represents a particular shape. A method of manufacturing an automobile emblem according to an embodiment of the invention can provide an automobile emblem that has a metallic texture and a silver luster without hindering the reception of waves for an automobile front radar.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a method of manufacturing pinned nano-structures with tailored gradient properties. First and second compositions are provided, Each of the compositions includes a nano-structural material, a plurality of grain growth inhibitor nano-particles, and at least one of a tailoring solute and a plurality of tailoring nano-particles. Deposition layers are formed proximal to a substrate with each of the compositions through electrospray techniques.

Abstract: Methods and systems for coating metal substrates are provided. The methods and systems include a powder coating composition comprising a polymeric binder and an application package. The application package includes at least one antistatic component and at least one post-blended component. Use of the application package reduces back ionization and faraday cage effects during electrostatic application. The described methods provide coatings with optimal surface smoothness and edge coverage.

Abstract: A liquid composition includes copper particles, an organic acid, and a solvent. The copper particle has a particle size of 0.5 ?m˜30 ?m which falls in a micron scale. The liquid composition performs reaction sintering by redox reactions taken place between the copper particles and an organic acid solution at a low temperature of 150° C. in order to produce a dense copper layer and improve the conventional micron-scale copper particles that requires a protective atmosphere for the high-temperature sintering before achieving the required densification. This liquid composition also prevents an excessive oxidation of the nano copper particles during the low-temperature sintering process and a failure of the dense sintering. Due to the agglomeration of nano copper particles, some areas have to be sintered first, so that the sintered products have a good uniformity of tissue and a low resistance below 0.04 ohm per square (?/?).

Abstract: A method for producing a panel is disclosed. The method includes the step of applying steam on a dry powder layer on a core. Thereafter heat and pressure are applied to the powder layer in order to bond the powder together.

Abstract: Methods and systems for coating metal substrates are provided. The methods and systems include a powder coating composition comprising a polymeric binder and an application package. The application package includes at least one antistatic component and at least one post-blended component. Use of the application package reduces back ionization and faraday cage effects during electrostatic application. The described methods provide coatings with optimal surface smoothness and edge coverage.

Abstract: An electrostatic painting method includes steps of: attaching a grounded clip to an insulating workpiece; spraying water-based paint to the workpiece while moving a paint gun from a position where the painting has started in a predetermined direction to form a first band-like painting film; spraying the water-based paint to the workpiece while moving the paint gun to thereby form a second band-like painting film, in which the second band-like painting film is formed in parallel to the first painting film, and a part of the second band-like painting film overlaps the first painting film. An amount of overlap between the first and second painting films is within a range previously determined based on an influence on the water-based paint sprayed when the second painting film is formed that causes the water-based paint sprayed to be attracted to the grounded first painting film.

Abstract: In a first coating step, low electrical conductivity is imparted to a coating surface 21 of a non-electrically conductive coating object 20 and a first paint film is formed by applying a charged first paint to the coating surface 21 with free ions being suppressed. In a second coating step, a second paint film is formed by applying a negatively-charged second paint to a surface of the first paint film with free ions being suppressed, before the first paint film dries.

Abstract: Nanoparticles for use as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents are described. The nanoparticles are made up of a polymeric support and a manganese-oxo or manganses-iron-oxo cluster having magnetic properties suitable of a contrast agent. The manganese-oxo clusters may be Mn-12 clusters, which have known characteristics of a single molecule magnet. The polymer support may form a core particle which is coated by the clusters, or the clusters may be dispersed within the polymeric agent.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for coating a substrate using one or more liquid raw materials, includes: at least one atomizer for atomizing the one or more liquid raw materials into droplets, charging means for electrically charging the droplets during or after the atomization and a deposition chamber in which the droplets are deposited on the substrate, the deposition chamber being provided with one or more electric fields for guiding the electrically charged droplets on the substrate. According to the invention there is a charging chamber arranged upstream of the deposition chamber and provided with charging means for electrically charging the droplets.

Abstract: A wet coating method is described, which includes the following steps. A film coating is applied to at least one surface of a substrate using a wet process. A plasma-assisted filling treatment is performed on the film coating to crystallize the film coating into a film. The plasma-assisted filling treatment includes using a filling coating.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a ferroelectric thin film on a lower electrode by electrostatically spraying a ferroelectric thin film-forming electrostatic spray solution so as to coat the electrostatic spray solution on the lower electrode and form a coated film, drying, calcining, and then firing the coated film so as to crystallize the coated film. In this method, the electrostatic spray solution is a mixed solution in which a ferroelectric thin film-forming sol-gel solution and powder having the same composition as the solid content of the sol-gel solution and having a particle diameter that can be ejected from the spout are uniformly mixed, and, when the metallic compound-converted mass of a metallic compound dissolved in the sol-gel solution is represented by A and the mass of the powder is represented by B, a ratio of B with respect to (A+B) is in a range of 5% to 40%.

Abstract: A method for coating a substrate includes impacting a substrate with a plurality of particles such that the particles adhere to the substrate, bonding the particles to the substrate to form an overlayer, and crosslinking the particles in the overlayer to coat the substrate with a crosslinked polymer coating. The particles comprise a polyphenyl polymer. An article includes a substrate and a crosslinked polymer coating bonded to the substrate. The crosslinked polymer coating is a product of crosslinking polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylsulfone, self-reinforced polyphenylene, or a combination thereof on a surface of the substrate.

Abstract: In one aspect, methods of coating a surface with carbon are described herein. In some implementations, a method of coating a surface with carbon comprises electrically charging carbon particles; directing the charged carbon particles toward an electrically charged surface; and contacting the charged carbon particles with the electrically charged surface. In some implementations, the method further comprises forming a coating of physisorbed carbon particles on the surface.

Abstract: The invention provides articles and methods for making such articles including a substrate coated on at least one region thereof with a layer of nanocomposites nano-cellulose materials and nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method for making ion conducting films includes the use of primary inorganic chemicals, which are preferably water soluble; formulating the solution with appropriate solvent, preferably deionized water; and spray depositing the solid electrolyte matrix on a heated substrate, preferably at 100 to 400° C. using a spray deposition system. In the case of lithium, the deposition step is then followed by lithiation or addition of lithium, then thermal processing, at temperatures preferably ranging between 100 and 500° C., to obtain a high lithium ion conducting inorganic solid state electrolyte. The method may be used for other ionic conductors to make electrolytes for various applications. The electrolyte may be incorporated into a lithium ion battery.

Abstract: A method of applying indicia to an item having a textured surface is disclosed herein, the method including the steps of: applying a textured paint to an exterior surface of the item; and applying the indicia to the exterior surface by an offset printing process. Also disclosed herein is a fluid filter having: a housing having an exterior surface; a textured paint applied to the exterior surface; and indicia applied to the textured paint, wherein the indicia is applied by an offset printing process.

Abstract: A method for edge sealing a fiber-reinforced component formed from a carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic or duroplastic plastic material includes electrostatic coating of at least one section of an edge of the component with a thermoplastic powder so as to form a powder coating; and fusing and cross-linking the powder coating in a furnace so as to create a smooth edge seal.

Abstract: A coating film is formed on a surface of a coating object by adhering a coating powder to the coating object by spraying the coating powder from an electrostatic gun together with a compressed gas. A voltage not smaller than 80 kV but not larger than 100 kV is applied between the electrostatic gun and the coating object. Moreover, a current flowed between the electrostatic gun and the coating object is set to be not smaller than 10 ?A but not larger than 20 ?A. Further, a pressure of the compressed gas for spraying the coating powder is set to be not smaller than 3 kgf/cm2 but not larger than 6 kgf/cm2.

Abstract: Methods for powder coating that include applying a powder coating composition to a substrate via an electrostatic gun. The powder coating composition includes a mixture of two or more materials having different densities, such as a mixture of aerogel particles and fluoropolymer-containing particles. The electrostatic gun can have a high-voltage generator that generates a negative polarity voltage between about 0 KV and about 100 KV during application of the powder coating composition, and the electrostatic gun can have a round spray nozzle. Methods of making fuser members using such powder coating methods, fuser members prepared by such methods, and methods of preparing low gloss images using such fuser members.

Abstract: A deposition method is provided to enable fine particles having a relatively large particle diameter, for example, a diameter larger than 0.5 ?m, to be stably deposited on a substrate. The fine particles with insulating surface are placed in an airtight container, and a carrier gas is introduced into the container, triboelectrically charging the fine particles and generating an aerosol of the fine particles. The fine particles are charged by friction with the inner surface of a transfer tubing connected to the container, and the aerosol is conveyed via such tubing to a deposition chamber that is maintained at a pressure lower than that in the airtight container. The charged fine particles are deposited on a substrate placed in the deposition chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for the controlled deposition of particles onto a film or a substrate, including: a frame arranged to support a film or a substrate having first and second surfaces facing in first and second opposite directions, respectively; a nozzle arranged to emit a stream of particles charged with a first polarity toward the first surface; and an electrode: charged with a second polarity, opposite the first polarity, and located adjacent the second surface; and arranged to attract the stream of particles to a region of the first surface. A line orthogonal to the first surface passes through the region and the electrode.

Abstract: A multi-layer coating for protection of metals and alloys against oxidation at high temperatures is provided. The invention utilizes a multi-layer ceramic coating on metals or alloys for increased oxidation-resistance, comprising at least two layers, wherein the first layer (3) and the second layer (4) both comprise an oxide, and wherein the first layer (3) has a tracer diffusion coefficient for cations Mm+, where M is the scale forming element of the alloy, and the second layer (4) has a tracer diffusion coefficient for oxygen ions O2? satisfying the following formula: ? ln ? ? p ? ( O 2 ) in ln ? ? p ? ( O 2 ) ex ? ( D O + m 2 ? D M ) ? ? ? ln ? ? p ? ( O 2 ) < 5 · 10 - 13 ? ? cm 2 / s wherein p(O2)in, p(O2)ex, DM and DO are as defined herein.

Abstract: A method for forming a uniform film layer structure, including providing a phosphorous powder and a first surface of an object, wherein the phosphorous powder has a plurality of phosphorous particles, at least a portion of a surface of each of the phosphorous particles is covered with an adhesive material, and the first surface does not contact the phosphorous powder; and adsorbing the phosphorous powder to the first surface of the object by using an electrostatic adsorption method.

Abstract: A method of depositing particles onto a substrate utilizes a liquid dispersant into which the particles are introduced prior to spraying upon the surface. The ratio of the particles to the dispersant, as well as the volume of the dispersant, may be used to control the density of the particles that result on the substrate after spraying.

Abstract: A method for providing a metallic coat covering a surface is disclosed, which comprises: (i) applying an electrically conductive two component binder on said surface; (ii) electrostatic spraying a metal powder on the binder applied in step (i); wherein the metal powder comprises metal particles with an average diameter less than 80 micron.

Abstract: A method for applying hot melt adhesive powder onto a sole or shoe part includes the steps of applying a cleaning agent, irradiating, applying a conductive liquid which has a conductivity at least 100 times higher than purified water which has a conductivity of 5.5·10?6 S/m, spraying hot melt adhesive powder; and heating. The method can save energy, reduce the working space, reduce the labor intensity and improve the working environment by continuously carrying out the spraying and the melting operation of the hot melt adhesive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating method for coating a component surface (4) with a coating agent, in particular for painting a motor vehicle body component with a paint, having the following steps: • emitting a spray jet (1) of the coating agent onto the component surface (4) of the component to be coated by means of an atomizer (2), said spray jet (1) having a main axis (5) and having an asymmetry with respect to the main axis (5) such that the spray jet (1) generates a spray pattern with a corresponding asymmetry on the component surface (4), and • at least partially compensating for the asymmetry of the spray jet (1) such that the asymmetry of the resulting spray pattern on the component surface (4) is reduced. The invention further relates to a corresponding coating device.

Abstract: This disclosure describes the application of a supplemental corona source to provide surface charge on submicrometer particles to enhance collection efficiency and micro-structural density during electrostatic collection.

Abstract: According to an example, methods for forming three-dimensional (3-D) nano-particle assemblies include depositing SES elements onto respective tips of nano-fingers, in which the nano-fingers are arranged in sufficiently close proximities to each other to enable the tips of groups of adjacent ones of the nano-fingers to come into sufficiently close proximities to each other to enable the SES elements on the tips to be bonded together when the nano-fingers are partially collapsed. The methods also include causing the nano-fingers to partially collapse toward adjacent ones of the nano-fingers to cause a plurality of SES elements on respective groups of the nano-fingers to be in relatively close proximities to each other and form respective clusters of SES elements, introducing additional particles that are to attach onto the clusters of SES elements, and causing the clusters of SES elements to detach from the nano-fingers.

Abstract: Provided is an adhering method which comprises spray-coating an adherend with a powder adhesive and then using the adherend, thereby enabling the formation of an automobile interior part having good heat tolerance and high adhesion strength. The adhering method to be used for forming an automobile interior part involves a step for spray-coating an adherend (4) with a powder adhesive (6) with the use of an electrostatic powder spray gun (5). If necessary, the adhering method may further involve a step for inciting the powder adhesive, which has been spray-coated on the adherend, by heating with an infrared heater.

Abstract: An object fabricating apparatus is comprised of at least one charged powder cloud generating system, at least one electrode proximate to the powder cloud generating system and comprising at least one shaped slot, and a voltage supply in communication with each electrode to electrostatically modulate the flow of charged powder to a conductive substrate electrically biased to provide an electrostatic attraction of the charged powder to the substrate. An object fabricating method is also disclosed that uses the object fabricating apparatus.

Abstract: Methods for creating coatings composed of a single material or a composite of multiple materials, beginning with ESC to deposit the base layer and then using other methods for the binding step beyond CVI. Also, for certain materials and applications, some pre-processing or pre-treatment of the coating materials is necessary prior to deposition in order to achieve a satisfactory coating. This application discloses methods for pre-deposition treatment of materials prior to ESC deposition. It also discloses methods for post-processing that provide additional functionality or performance characteristics of the coating. Finally, this application discloses certain apparatus and equipment for accomplishing the methods described herein.

Abstract: Processes, systems, and apparatuses are disclosed for forming products from atomized metals and alloys. A stream of molten alloy and/or a series of droplets of molten alloy are produced. The molten alloy is atomized to produce electrically-charged particles of the molten alloy by impinging electrons on the stream of molten alloy and/or the series of droplets of molten alloy. The electrically-charged molten alloy particles are accelerated with at least one of an electrostatic field and an electromagnetic field. The accelerating molten alloy particles are cooled to a temperature that is less than a solidus temperature of the molten alloy particles so that the molten alloy particles solidify while accelerating. The solid alloy particles are impacted onto a substrate and the impacting particles deform and metallurgically bond to the substrate to produce a solid alloy preform.

Abstract: An apparatus for mixing a first material with a second material and then spraying the resultant material onto a surface. The second material is mixed with a gas before then being introduced to the first material. A static charge is created and deposited onto the resultant material to help align the resultant material particles.

Abstract: A method of electrostatic spraying of a polymer surface involves oxidation and treating the oxidized surface with a polyamine and an electroconductivity modifying agent which contains a mono-carboxylic acid of from one to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Methods for powder coating that include applying a powder coating composition to a substrate via an electrostatic gun. The powder coating composition includes a mixture of two or more materials having different densities, such as a mixture of aerogel particles and fluoropolymer-containing particles. The electrostatic gun can have a high-voltage generator that generates a negative polarity voltage between about 0 KV and about 100 KV during application of the powder coating composition, and the electrostatic gun can have a round spray nozzle. Methods of making fuser members using such powder coating methods, fuser members prepared by such methods, and methods of preparing low gloss images using such fuser members.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for decreasing or increasing the band gap shift in the production of photovoltaic devices by means of coating a substrate with a formulation containing a silicon compound, e.g., in the production of a solar cell comprising a step in which a substrate is coated with a liquid-silane formulation, the invention being characterized in that the formulation also contains at least one germanium compound. The invention further relates to the method for producing such a photovoltaic device.

Abstract: A device and method for electrostatic powder coating include: obtaining continuously a working fluid constituted by air deprived of undesirable substances; supplying the working fluid, between 0.5 bar and 10 bar, in a container containing an amount of coating powder; extracting from the container; a first flow made up of working fluid and powder; atomizing the first flow with working fluid at a pressure of between 0.5 bar and 10 bar; supplying working fluid at a pressure of between 0.5 bar and 10 bar to create a second transport flow made up of working fluid and atomized powder; charging the second flow electrostatically under pressure; and sending the second electrostatically charged flow of working fluid and atomized powder onto a substrate, at a temperature of between ?15° C. and +45° C., and a device and method for electrostatic painting including heating/cooling temperature adjustment of the painting mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for making up fracturing fluid with coated proppant. The method applies opposed electrical charges to the proppant and its coating to create a uniform coating without extensive mechanical mixing, and additionally, the method applies opposed electrical charges to the coated proppant and fracturing fluid to enhance mixing.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a coated panel. The process can comprise providing a panel of a desired dimension or cutting a panel to a desired dimension. In some embodiments a panel can be provided with joining functionality. A surface of the panel can be coated with a powder and the powder cured to thereby treat a surface of the panel.

Abstract: Methods include applying an electric charge to a coating material that includes carbon nanotubes and a carrier, such as paint, and depositing the electrically charged coating material to a substrate. In some methods, the applying includes utilizing an electrostatic sprayer. In some methods, the substrate is isolated from ground during the depositing. In some methods, the substrate is an insulator. Some methods result in regions of carbon nanotubes that are substantially longitudinally aligned after the depositing. Coated substrates may include a coating with carbon nanotubes that are substantially longitudinally aligned. Aircraft, spacecraft, land vehicles, marine vehicles, wind turbines, and apparatuses that may be susceptible to lightning strikes or other types of electromagnetic effects and that include a coated substrate also are disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for mixing a first material with a second material and then spraying the resultant material onto a surface. The second material is mixed with a gas before the being introduced to the first material. A static charge is created and deposited onto the resultant material to help align the resultant material particles.

Abstract: The present teachings describe a process that includes obtaining a composition of particles comprising fluorine containing particles and aerogel particles. The composition is mixed at a resonant frequency of a mixing system containing the composition. The composition is powder coated onto a substrate and cured to form a release layer on the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and systems that control the application of a material onto micro-rough implant surfaces. Thus, the present invention provides method of applying crystalline nanoparticles onto the surface of an implant to produce an implant with a crystalline nanoparticle layer on its surface, the method comprising: providing an implant substrate body; applying crystalline nanoparticles onto the surface of the implant; and rotating the implant, to produce an implant with a crystalline nanoparticle layer on its surface. This method of nanoparticle application is designed to promote the integration of implants, such as dental and orthopedic screws, into living tissue, and offers the ability to control the thickness and uniformity of the nanoparticle layer, in one or several layers, while simultaneously retaining the microroughness of the implant.

Abstract: A method for producing a pharmaceutical dose form includes depositing a measured quantity of a first coating material on an external surface of the dose form in a patterned configuration. A measured quantity of a second coating material is deposited on the surface of the dose form in a patterned configuration in relationship to the first coating material. The first and second coating materials form a coating layer in overlying relationship with at least a portion of the external surface of the dose form.

Abstract: A glass container and related methods of manufacturing and coating glass containers. The container includes a hot end coating that is deposited on an exterior surface and that includes a metal oxide, and a dopant to reduce electrical resistivity of the exterior surface of the container. The container also includes an organic coating electrostatically applied to the exterior surface of the container. Preferably, the organic coating is applied at an ambient temperature and without having to use grounding pins, without having to heat the container, and without having to apply an additional conductive coating layer.

Abstract: Workpieces, which are conveyed by a conveying device along a conveying path, are heated by a heating and degreasing coil. Then, resin powder is downwardly sprayed from a nozzle of a coating device to each corresponding one of the workpieces, which are conveyed by the conveying device. The workpieces are thereafter heated by a heating and curing coil. At each of the heating coils, a dummy member, which is made of an electrically conductive material, is displaced from a retracted position to a forward position, which is located between the corresponding heating coil and a corresponding adjacent part of the conveying path of the conveying device, when an empty one of mount locations of the conveying device reaches the forward position of the dummy member.