Abstract: A resin composition comprising a fluorine-containing aliphatic epoxy resin having in one molecule at least one perfluoroalkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and at lest two epoxy groups, a cationic polymerization catalyst, and optionally a compatibilizing agent having an epoxy group and a fluoromethyl group is applied to a discharge opening surface of an ink jet recording head, followed by irradiation with an activation energy ray in a given pattern to form a cured film in a desired pattern, so that the discharge opening surface is endowed with ink repellency.

Abstract: A coated plastic or high pressure laminated article and a process for making same includes coating a plastic or high pressure laminated substrate with a radiation curable top coat which may include ultraviolet inhibitors therein. The radiation curable top coat is subjected to a curing step which includes curing with either an electron beam, ultraviolet radiation or a combination thereof. The resulting article is a coated article which is comprised of a substrate coated with a radiation cured coating having an outer surface susceptible for receiving a sublimatable ink diffused therein.

Abstract: The invention is a method for manufacturing a surface covering product having a gloss controlled surface wearlayer coating and a curable composition used in that method. The preferred curable composition is a polymerizable coating which includes a di-isocyanate and/or isocyanurate structure, a polyester polyol, a hydroxy and acrylyl functional polyester, mono, di, or tri-functional acrylates, and a flatting agent and/or hard particulates. The preferred surface covering product is a floor covering product produced as a vinyl film that is precoated with preferably a wearlayer coating that is adhered to the vinyl film, and the surface of the film is preferably embossed.

Abstract: A curable ceramer composition, coated articles and methods for making and curing the composition. The curable ceramer comprises a fluoro/silane, a crosslinkable silane, a curable binder precursor, and a colloidal inorganic oxide. The ceramer has a long shelf life before cure and can be used to provide cured ceramer coatings and articles having stain resistance, abrasion resistance and hardness.

Abstract: The microcapsule magnetic display sheet is sequentially provided thereon with a transparent front sheet, a microcapsule layer coated on the transparent front sheet and then a ultraviolet ray curable resin layer. The ultraviolet ray curable resin layer is formed by painting liquid ultraviolet raycurable resin on the microcapsule layer first and then hardening it by irradiating it with UV rays. As the liquid ultraviolet ray curable resin can fill fine gaps of the microcapsules, no hollows left between the microcapsules and the UV resin layer. As the UV resin filled in gaps shares wording pressure, the microcapsules are fully protected and hardly be destroyed. After painting the liquid UV ray curable resin on the microcapsule layer and before it IS hardened, a separable film is covered on it. While a film is covered on it, the sheet is hard and if the film is separated, the sheet is soft. So the stiffness of the magnetic display sheet can be regulated by covering or not covering a film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of curing a waterborne coating composition comprising the steps of: a) applying the waterborne coating composition, which comprises polymer solids of which at least 5% by weight thereof is UV curable, to a substrate; b) irradiating the coated substrate with microwave radiation; and c) irradiating the coated substrate with UV radiation.

Abstract: A coated cement board article capable of receiving a sublimatable ink and a process for making same includes coating a cement board substrate with a radiation curable top coat. The radiation curable top coat is subjected to a curing step which includes curing with either an electron beam, ultraviolet radiation or a combination thereof. A sublimatable ink may be transferred into the top coat.

Abstract: Binders for powder coatings are disclosed that contain, solid, unsaturated polyesterurethane (meth)acrylates having a melting temperature of from 35 to 180° C.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process and a device for curing a UV curing printing ink (14) on a printed material (9), wherein the printing ink (14) is irradiated with UV light from a UV radiation source (8). A low pressure gas discharge lamp (7) is proposed as UV radiation source (8). The device in accordance with the invention is characterized in that it comprises a stationary reflector (5) having, in particular, a special reflecting layer with diffuse reflecting material based on silicone rubber having diffuse reflecting particle imbedded therein.

Abstract: Artificial leather can be produced, without using any organic solvent, by coating or impregnating a fibrous base material to be formed into artificial leather with a polymer solution in the form of an aqueous emulsion, in which the polymer exhibits elasticity when it is solidified and adhered to the base material; and then solidifying and adhering or fixed, in the fibrous base material, the polymer solution contained in the base material using a combination of wet heat (using the heat of water vapor) and microwave heating. Therefore, the method is not harmful to the environment and permits the reduction of the degree of migration as compared with the conventional methods in which the solidification and adhesion or fixation are performed by dry heating while making use of hot air.

Abstract: The present invention provides a circuit substrate and a circuit-formed suspension substrate comprising the circuit substrate, the circuit substrate comprising a metal foil substrate and an insulating layer composed of a polyimide resin formed on the metal foil substrate, wherein the polyimide resin is one obtained by the reaction of (A) p-phenylene diamine and (B) acid anhydrides of (a) 3,4,3′,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and (b) 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane. Since a coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the polyimide resin is close to that of various metal foils, the circuit substrate causes no cracking on the resin layer and scarcely causes warpage, and the resin layer does not separate.

Abstract: In the heating of a substrate in a lithographic process, temperature conditions for heating a substrate on which a resist is formed exert a large influence upon the pattern dimensions, and the pattern dimensions vary greatly in the heating from only one of the surfaces of the substrate. There is provided a substrate heating apparatus for heating a substrate before or after irradiation of light for performing a pattern by using a photosensitive material formed on a substrate or by using a material which is photosensitive to charged particles formed on the substrate. The substrate heating apparatus includes an upper heater which serves as a heat source for heating the substrate from the top surface thereof, a lower heater which serves as a heat source for heating the substrate from the bottom surface thereof, and a heat-conducting heater block provided on the lower heater, on which heater block the substrate is placed, making it possible to individually set the temperatures of the upper and lower heaters.

Abstract: A cured coated article and a process for making same includes coating a substrate, such as wood, plastic, high pressure laminates, ceramic or metal with a radiation curable top coat having UV protectable additives therein. The radiation curable top coat is subjected to a curing step which includes curing with either an electron beam, ultraviolet radiation or a combination thereof. A sublimatable ink may be transferred into the top coat.

Abstract: Production of a dielectric coating on a substrate whereby a poly(arylene ethers) or fluorinated poly(arylene ethers) layer is cured by exposure to electron beam radiation. A wide area electron beam is used which causes chemical reactions to occur in the polymer structure which are thought to cause crosslinks between polymer chains. The crosslinks lead to higher mechanical strength and higher glass transition temperature, lower thermal expansion coefficient, greater thermal-chemical stability and greater resistance to aggressive organic solvents. The polymer layer may also be optionally heated, thermally annealed, and/or exposed to UV actinic light.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for drying and/or curing topcoatings and multicomponent composite coatings applied to surfaces of metal or polymeric substrates which include applying infrared radiation and warm, low velocity air simultaneously to the coating for a period of at least about 30 seconds and increasing the substrate temperature at a predetermined rate to achieve a specified peak temperature. Infrared radiation and hot air are applied simultaneously to the coating for a period of at least about 3 minutes and the substrate temperature is increased at a predetermined rate to achieve a specified peak temperature, such that a dried and/or cured coating is formed upon the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The polyester resin impregnating and coating solution comprises polyesters having structures of the formula (I) where n is from 0 to 10 and where the solution is essentially free from monomers containing acrylic, vinylic or allylic unsaturation and where the solvent employed preferably comprises aliphatic saturated C2-6 alcohols, C3-6 ketones or C3-6 carboxylic esters or mixtures thereof, the proportion of the solvent being from 5 to 60% by weight of the overall polyester resin impregnating and coating solution.

Abstract: Processes for drying primer coating compositions applied to a surface of a substrate are provided in which the primer coating composition, if a liquid or powder slurry, is exposed to low velocity air having a temperature ranging from about 10° C. to about 50° C. for a period of at least about 30 seconds to volatilize at least a portion of volatile material from the liquid primer coating composition. Next, infrared radiation and low velocity warm air are applied simultaneously to the primer coating composition (liquid, powder slurry or powder) for a period of at least about 1 minute during which the temperature of the substrate is increased at a rate ranging from about 0.2° C. per second to about 2° C. per second to achieve a peak substrate temperature of the substrate ranging from about 30° C. to about 120° C.

Abstract: A molded magnetic article and fabrication method are provided. Particles of ferromagnetic material embedded in a polymer binder are molded under heat and pressure into a geometric shape. Each particle is an oblate spheroid having a radius-to-thickness aspect ratio approximately in the range of 15-30. Each oblate spheroid has flattened poles that are substantially in perpendicular alignment to a direction of the molding pressure throughout the geometric shape.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing an optical conductor, in which method, a mixture of a resin and of a photo-initiator is exposed to UV radiation in order to form, by cross-linking, the covering of the optical conductor. The cross-linking takes place by causing the conductor (10) to advance past a UV source at a speed of at least 10 meters per minute (m/min). The invention provides a first source (18) which emits monochromatic UV radiation to achieve cross-linking mainly on the surface, and a second UV source which emits UV radiation of broad spectrum containing wavelengths that are longer than the wavelength of the monochromatic source to achieve cross-linking mainly in depth.

Abstract: This development is a method for accelerating thermoset resin cure and enhancing adhesions of coatings to thermoset articles comprising the steps of providing a thermoset article having at least one surface and corona treating the thermoset article to increase the surface energy thereof. The corona treating allows for painting in line with the pultrusion process for producing thermoset articles.

Abstract: The invention comprises a process for impregnating components with polymerizable impregnants which are liquid at room temperature or can be liquefied by heating and are cured by combined use of heat and high-energy radiation, wherein the components are impregnated at ambient temperature or in a preheated state and, after impregnation, are heated in the impregnant until partial gelation occurs, are treated with high-energy radiation before full curing and are then fully cured by thermal means.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ink-jet recording sheet which is excellent in water resistance, capable of providing excellent ink-drying property and image quality, substantially free from blurring, and suitable for use as OHP sheets of which a high transparency is necessitated. The present process for producing an ink-jet recording sheet comprises applying to a base sheet, an aqueous solution of a water-soluble resin having no radically polymerizable double bond in the molecule and selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, polyacryloyl morpholine, water-soluble polyvinyl acetal, poly-N-vinyl acetamide, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, gelatin, casein and derivatives of them, irradiating the resultant coating layer with electron beam before the coating layer is dried, to form a hydrogel, and drying the hydrogel.

Abstract: A method of applying a powder coating to a length of a lignocellulosic material. The method comprises impregnating the length of lignocellulosic material with an impregnating composition (i) a dicarboxylic anhydride or a tricarboxylic anhydride dissolved in non-aqueous solvent; (ii) an isocyanate thermosetting resin dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent; or (iii) a combination of (i) or (ii). Any excess impregnating composition is then removed from the lignocellulosic material. Non-aqueous solvent is also removed and the impregnated lignocellulosic material is placed in either an electrostatic field or in a fluidized bed and a powder coating composition is applied thereto so that the powder coating composition adheres to the lignocellulosic material. The impregnated and coated lignocellulosic material is then subjected to elevated temperatures to polymerise and/or cross-link the resin and cure the powder coating composition to form a powder coating.

Abstract: A wear layer is applied to a flooring material to yield a product having superior properties. The wear layer is applied to the flooring material using a coating composition comprising (i) a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, (ii) an acrylic or methacrylic compound and (iii) a radiation-reactive urethane oligomer, which composition is substantially or completely free of internal or external plasticizers, heating to heat-cure the coating composition and irradiating the composition to radiation-cure the coating composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of coating articles with powder coatings which contain polymers, are applied to the surface of the substrate to be coated, are melted and are crosslinked by UV irradiation, wherein the polymers employed are copolymers ofa) at least one monomer of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 =H or CH.sub.3 and R.sup.2 =H, C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 where n=from 1 to 30, or is an alicyclic, araliphatic or heterocyclic radical, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, glycidyl or aminoalkyl,or of the general formula (II) ##STR2## where R.sup.1 =H or CH.sub.3 and where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be identical to or different from one another and are H, CH.sub.2 OH, C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 where n=1 to 30 or CH.sub.2 OR.sup.5 where R.sup.5 =C.sub.m H.sub.2m+1 where m=1 to 12, andb) at least one copolymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated organic compound of the general formula (A) ##STR3## where R' and R" can be identical to or different from one another and are H, C.sub.p H.sub.

Abstract: A process for applying a coating to a floor surface and curing that coating after application includes the steps of first spreading a photochemically curable liquid coating in a thickness of from about 0.003 to about 0.006 inches on a floor surface. After the coating has been applied, it is exposed to ultraviolet radiation at a power level of about 40 watts per inch of width of coating being cured and at two different sequentially applied wavelengths. This cures the liquid coating instantly to a durable solid coating. The first applied ultraviolet radiation may have the wavelength of about 365 nm and the second applied ultraviolet radiation may have a wavelength of about 254 nm. The ultraviolet radiation is provided by an array of UV lights on a mobile, self-powered vehicle which moves over the floor coating at a speed in the range of 20 to 40 feet per minute.

Abstract: This invention relates release compositions that comprise a radiation curable polyorganosiloxane and cellulose fibers having an average fiber length of about 15 to about 100 microns and an average fiber thickness in the range of about 5 to about 40 microns. This invention also relates to a method of making a release coated substrate comprising coating a substrate with the foregoing release coating composition and curing the coating by exposing it to radiation. This invention relates to release coated articles made by the foregoing method. The invention also relates to multilayered articles comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, the foregoing release composition which has been cured by exposure to radiation, and a pressure sensitive adhesive, the release composition being adhered to the first substrate, the pressure sensitive adhesive being adhered to the second substrate, and the release composition and the pressure sensitive adhesive being adhered to each other.

Abstract: Opaquely pigmented or thick filmed powder coatings for heat sensitive substrates, such as wood, wood composites, for example, medium density fiber board, and plastics, that can be fully cured, especially near the substrate, through the incorporation of a dual cure system in the powder comprising a thermal initiator, such as a peroxide, along with a UV initiator. The UV initiator cures the surface, while the thermal initiator cures at the substrate. Surprisingly, virtually no pregelation occurs during the heated melt and flow out step prior to UV curing. Consequently, the hardened film finish formed on the surface exhibits exceptional smoothness which is comparable to that of traditional UV curable powders. The hardened film finish is also fully cured throughout and exhibits exceptional adhesion to the substrate which cannot be achieved with traditional UV curable powders that have been pigmented.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing a flat composite plastic structure, for example a floor covering, comprising a textile web and at least one layer of a plastic, for example a polyvinyl chloride, on the reverse side or on the top side, which impregnates the textile web, according to which process:a) the textile web is made available,b) a plastisol is made available,c) the textile web is coated with a layer of plastisol,d) a radiant surface is obtained by combustion of a combustible gas in contact with a porous structure,e) the layer of plastisol is heated, using the radiant surface, in order to remove the volatile organic fraction of the coated layer and to cause the plastisol to gel,wherein the combustion of the combustible gas takes place under flameless, catalytic conditions.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for curing polymeric materials including dental composites. Preferably, modulated light is used to control the formation of polymer chains in the polymeric material so that a cured polymeric material that has the desired physical characteristics for its intended function. Formation of short chain and long chain polymers from monomers in the polymeric material is initiated and controlled by using a light source with a wavelength suitable for one or more initiators found in the polymeric material.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a process and a system for transforming a liquid into a solid material using light energy. In particular, a solution containing a parent material in a liquid form is atomized in a reaction vessel and directed towards a substrate. The atomized liquid is exposed to light energy which causes the parent material to form a solid coating on a substrate. The light energy can be provided from one or more lamps and preferably includes ultraviolet light. Although the process of the present invention is well suited for use in many different and various applications, one exemplary application is in depositing a dielectric material on a substrate to be used in the manufacture of integrated circuit chips.

Abstract: A flexible plastic tube and a method of forming a flexible plastic tube includes injection molding a finish having an opening, extruding a tube integrally with the finish by relevant movement of the finish with respect to an extruder, moving the finish axially away from the extruder while continuing continuously extruding the tube, closing a blow mold about the extruded tube, blowing the tube into an integral container body having a closed bottom, opening the molds to provide an integral flexible tube with a finish thereon. Thereafter the method includes decorating the body with indicia, cutting the closed end of the tube leaving an open-ended tube of the end opposite the finish, and applying a closure to the finish. Subsequently, the tube is filled through the open end and the open end is closed. The decorating includes rotating the tube about the longitudinal axis of the tube while engaging the finish and bottom.

Abstract: A method of forming a pattern comprising the steps of forming a film of an organosilane compound comprising a polysilane having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1) on a substrate, irradiating an actinic radiation onto a predetermined portion of the film of the organosilane compound formed on the substrate, and removing the predetermined portion of the film irradiated by the actinic radiation by dissolving it with an aqueous alkaline developing solution. ##STR1## wherein Ar is a substituted or non-substituted aryl group.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a color filter equipped with a plurality of colored light-transmitting areas on its base, wherein the light-transmitting areas are colored with ink dots, and each of the colored portions is continuously formed over a plurality of the light-transmitting areas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to powder coatings curable by exposure to radiation, typically ultraviolet radiation. Powder coatings based upon cationically catalyzed resins (typically epoxy resins) are described including bisphenols, bisphenols modified by novolac, as well as aliphatic type epoxides including hydrogenated bisphenol-A, glycidyl methacrylic, glycidyl acrylics or related compounds, and vinyl ethers including mixtures of the foregoing compounds. Photoinitiators of sulfonium type, ferrocinium type, iodonium type, triphenolic types and related compounds are also included. Opacifiers, flow agents and plasticizers are also included. Charge additives for improved electrostatic deposition of the power coating are also described. Degassing agents are also typically included in the formulation, both for degassing the powder coating during cure, and to assist in degassing those substrates (such as wood) which tend to form bubbles during cure. Flow agents are also typically included in the formulation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming a coating film, which comprises ejecting a curable coating composition from a spray gun, spray-coating the ejected composition while applying thereto an active energy beam, and heat-curing the resulting coating film, wherein the curable coating composition contains an epoxy group-containing resin (A) and a photo-induced cationic polymerization initiator (B).

Abstract: Amorphously crosslinked aromatic polymeric low .kappa. materials and methods for their fabrication are provided. The subject materials are prepared by a modified transport polymerization process, in which aromatic precursors are pyrolyzed to produce radical comprising aromatic monomeric precursors which are then allowed to polymerize by deposition onto a substrate surface, where during and/or after deposition the growing polymer chain is exposed to a high energy crosslinking agent, such as high energy photons or plasma. The subject crosslinked materials find use in a variety of applications, particularly as low .kappa. dielectrics in the manufacture of integrated circuits.

Abstract: Opaquely pigmented or thick filmed powder coatings for heat sensitive substrates, such as wood, wood composites, for example, medium density fiber board, and plastics, that can be fully cured, especially near the substrate, through the incorporation of a dual cure system in the powder comprising a thermal initiator, such as a peroxide, along with a UV initiator. The UV initiator cures the surface, while the thermal initiator cures at the substrate. Surprisingly, virtually no pregelation occurs during the heated melt and flow out step prior to UV curing. Consequently, the hardened film finish formed on the surface exhibits exceptional smoothness which is comparable to that of traditional UV curable powders. The hardened film finish is also fully cured throughout and exhibits exceptional adhesion to the substrate which cannot be achieved with traditional UV curable powders that have been pigmented.

Abstract: An attenuating structure composed of an epoxy resin which cationically cures with UV initiation is proposed for a surface wave component. The solvent-free epoxy resin is based on a cycloaliphatic epoxide and is applied to the wafer by screen printing. When the wafers are sawn up, sawing through can be carried out without detaching or splintering off the attenuating material. Attenuation and corrosion behavior of the attenuating structures fulfill the requirements for surface wave filters.

Abstract: A photoresist film superior in etch resistance and PED stability, as well as transmittance to deep UV, having a backbone of polymethylmethacrylate grafted with piperidine moiety of which the nitrogen atom acts as a base.

Abstract: An object with a homogeneous matted surface is provided which can be carried out in a simple manner and at low cost. The surface of the object has a thin skin layer produced by UV polymerization at a wavelength of at most 200 nm, and a core or carrier layer, beneath the skin layer, is produced by polymerization with UV radiation of a wavelength of at least 220 nm or by electron beams. A method for producing the matted surface is also provided, wherein a film made of an organic material that can be polymerized by UV radiation or electron beams is applied to a substrate; the film is irradiated with UV radiation of a wavelength of at most 200 nm, with the production of the skin layer at the surface, in which the organic material is at least partially polymerized; and the core area of the film, beneath the skin layer, is irradiated with UV radiation having a wavelength above 220 nm or by electron beams.

Abstract: Method for curing UV-curable silicone compositions, characterized by the formation of cured silicone, having a low-tack surface that is harder than the interior, by exposing an ultraviolet-curable silicone composition to ultraviolet radiation at a ratio of the exposure dose for wavelengths of 200 to 280 nm (excluding 280 nm) to the exposure dose for wavelengths of 280 to 400 nm of 0.5 to 10.0.

Abstract: This invention is in the general field of surgical instruments. It relates specifically to catheters which may be used in cardiovascular and endovascular procedures to deliver diagnostic, therapeutic, or vaso-occlusive agents to a target site within a human or animal body which is accessible by a system of natural passageways within that body. The catheters are coated in such a way that they are exceptionally slippery and the coating is very durable. The invention also relates to methods of coating the catheters and to methods of applying lubricious coatings by forming a sheet of the coating on the substrate and simultaneously drying and crosslinking through heat and radiation.

Abstract: A thin-film forming method comprising an uncured-layer forming step in which a mixed composition containing an organic polymerizing agent curable composition and a silicone polymerizing curable composition is prepared to form an uncured layer consisting of this mixed composition on a resin substrate; a solvent removing step in which the solvent in the uncured layer is removed; a first polymerization curing step in which the organic polymerizing curable composition in the uncured layer is polymerized; and a second polymerization curing step in which the silicone polymerizing curable composition in the uncured layer is polymerized. The thin-film forming method can comprise formation of the uncured layer on a resin substrate through the intermediation of a primer layer or formation of an uncured underlayer and uncured top layer followed by separate underlayer polymerization and top layer polymerization curing steps.

Abstract: Radiation-curable latex compositions having a secondary curing mechanism are disclosed. In these compositions, an anionically stabilized, water-borne dispersion of one or more radiation-curable resins is combined with a low molecular weight compound having at least two reactive functional groups, wherein one reactive functional group comprises an epoxy and the other reactive functional group comprises either an epoxy or a functionality capable of self-condensation after film formation. Also disclosed is a method for providing a cross-linked protective coating on a substrate, wherein a coating of the composition of the present invention is applied to the substrate, the coated substrate is exposed to actinic radiation to effect curing, and then the unexposed or underexposed portions of the coated substrate are allowed to cure at room temperature or greater.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a color filter comprising a transparent base, and a light-screening resin layer, in which numbers of transparent areas and light-screening areas formed at margins of the transparent areas are arranged, and a filter resin layer, in which a plurality of transparent colored areas different in spectral characteristics from each other is repeatedly arranged in opposed relation to the transparent areas of the light-screening resin layer, successively formed on the transparent base.

Abstract: A solvent-containing coating composition is applied to a work to a thickness larger than a running limit thickness and is subjected to a setting step of evaporating the solvent in the coating composition applied to the work and a hardening step of hardening the coating composition after the setting step while the work is rotated about a substantially horizontal axis after the coating step to prevent the coating composition on a vertical surface of the work from running or sagging. The coating composition is arranged so that the coating composition has a flowability and at the same time the solvent accounts for not more than 30% by weight of the coating composition at a time during the setting step or the end of the same.

Abstract: Wet color cards prepared with water-based emulsion paints applied in layers of at least 75 g/m.sup.2 are dried using infra-red dryers irradiating the uncoated side of the cardboard or paper cards.

Abstract: A method for increasing hydrophilicity of a contact lens, so as to improve surface wettability of the lens, comprises contacting a surface of the contact lens with an aqueous solution including a hydrophilic monomer, and heating the solution while in contact with the surface of the contact lens to effect polymerization.

Abstract: Provided is a color filter which comprises a substrate and a resin layer on the substrate, the resin layer containing a plurality of colored portions of different colors and non-colored portions.