Abstract: Disclosed herein is a color filter comprising a base equipped with light-transmitting areas, and an ink-receiving layer provided on the base and equipped with colored light-transmitting areas on the light-transmitting areas of the base, wherein the ink-receiving layer comprises a homopolymer of a monomer having a structural unit represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes hydrogen or a methyl group, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are, independently of each other, hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or its copolymer with one or more other vinyl monomers.

Abstract: A method of increasing the tack of a pressure sensitive adhesive by exposing a polymeric pressure sensitive adhesive to an activating treatment, activatable articles containing such an adhesive and adhesive compositions resulting from such an activating treatment. The activatable, polymeric, pressure sensitive adhesive is preferably a water based adhesive prepared by free radical polymerization of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylate, or methacrylate monomers having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms. The activating treatment is preferably corona charging or corona charging in combination with uv light.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process to confer antiscratch and antiabrasion properties onto a shaped article based on thermoplastic acrylic polymers by coating the article with a composition comprisinga) 40-98.5% by weight of a methacrylic or acrylic monomer and/or an oligomer of the methacrylic or acrylic monomer, the monomer or oligomer having at least two polymerizable double bonds;b) 1-20% by weight of a polar methacrylic or acrylic monomer and/or oligomers of the polar monomer;c) 0.5-10% by weight of a UV photoinitiator;and optionally containing silica, UV stabilizers and non ionic surfactants; by polymerizing and crosslinking in situ said composition by UV light, at temperatures of 20.degree.-65.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for producing at least a polymer surface layer on at least part of the inner surface of a hollow article that is at least partially of plastic, comprising coating said at least part of the inner surface of the hollow article by establishing a low pressure gas atmosphere within the hollow article, formin a polymerizable plasma within the article by excitation of the gas atmospher within the article by high-frequency electromagnetic energy, and allowing polymerization of the gas atmosphere to take place, whereby a polymerized coating is applied to said part of the inner surface, the gas atmospherre that forms the plasma containing a component that predominantly forms chains at sufficient speed and can be polymerized under the particular plasma conditions, and a component that forms predominantly branching or cross-linking points and can be polymerized under the particular plasma conditions.

Abstract: An acrylate encapsulation formulation reacts at a high rate of speed, when exposed to radiation inclusive of wave-lengths in the ultraviolet and the visible range, to initially produce a relatively thick skin and to ultimately cure to a relatively low-stress deposit having good physical definition and surface properties. The method entails exposure of the formulation, on an object, to radiation for initialing photopolymerization and thermal polymerization, and the apparatus includes closely juxtaposed actinic radiation and thermal energy sources.

Abstract: Method for coating polycarbonate moulded parts whereby, to the surface of a moulded body composed of a polycarbonate based on a cycloaliphatic diphenol, a coating material which possesses as cross-linkable components agents having acrylate, allyl, epoxide, silanol, isocyanate, anhydride, melamine functional groups or combinations thereof, is applied in a thickness of from 0.5 to 200 .mu.m and is cured thermally and/or by irradiation, with the addition of thermally or photochemically curing catalysts being possible.

Abstract: A polymerizable curable molding composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an unsaturated epoxyester resin with an acid value below 3.0, (B) 10 to 40 parts by weight of a polymerizable monomer selected from the group consisting of phenoxyethyl acrylate, 2-acroyloxyethyl-2-hydroxypropyl phthalate and mixtures thereof and (C) 1 to 5 parts by weight of a mixture of hydroxyketone oligomer and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one. The molding composition also preferably comprises 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of polystyrene microbeads. Also provided are a molding process using the polymerizable curable molding composition and a coating process using the polymerizable curing molding composition, each process being characterized by combined exposure of the composition to UV radiation and heating.

Abstract: A process for producing UV or UV/IR or IR/UV-hardened coatings on substrates by applying a coating compound to the substrate to be coated and by the action of UV radiation, or combined UV/IR or IR/UV radiation, as well as UV or UV/IR or IR/UV-hardenable coating compounds comprising a component A, which is a solution of a complexed, metal organic Ti or Zr compound with polymerizable ligands, a component B, which is a hydrolyzate of one or more radically polymerizable alkoxy silanes of general formula ##STR1## and 0.1 to 5% by weight of a component C, which is an initiator for the polymerization.

Abstract: A thin-film forming method comprising an uncured-layer forming step in which a mixed composition containing an organic polymerizing agent curable composition and a silicone polymerizing curable composition is prepared to form an uncured layer consisting of this mixed composition on a resin substrate; a solvent removing step in which the solvent in the uncured layer is removed; a first polymerization curing step in which the organic polymerizing curable composition in the uncured layer is polymerized; and a second polymerization curing step in which the silicone polymerizing curable composition in the uncured layer is polymerized. The thin-film forming method can comprise formation of the uncured layer on a resin substrate through the intermediation of a primer layer or formation of an uncured underlayer and uncured top layer followed by separate underlayer polymerization and top layer polymerization curing steps.

Abstract: The invention refers to a process to render antiscratch and antiabrasion shaped articles based on thermoplastic acrylic polymers consisting in coating the article by a composition comprising(A) 55-95% by weight of at least a (meth)acrylic monomer and/or oligomer having at least two double bonds;(B) 5-25% by weight of monomers and/or oligomers of divinylethers and/or epoxides(C) 0-20% by weight of monomers and/or oligomers containing polar groups of monofunctional (meth)acrylaytes and/or monovinylethers, when (A) or (B) do not contain polar groups, and comprising a mixed system of photoinitiators of radical and cationic type, then in submitting the coated article to U.V. irradiation, at temperatures of 30.degree.-70.degree. C. to polymerize and crosslink the coating in situ.

Abstract: A method for decorating an article with a plurality of separate and distinct radiation curable compositions, without the need for completely curing each composition prior to application of the next composition, comprising separately applying each single composition to the article in a pre-determined design and subjecting said applied composition to the radiation by which it is curable for a period of time sufficient to effect a partial cure of said applied composition, and repeating the application of each single composition followed by partial radiation curing thereof until the last of the desired number of compositions has been applied, after which all of said applied compositions are subjected to the radiation by which they are curable for a period of time sufficient to effect a complete cure of all of said applied compositions.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a color filter which comprises arranging colorants on a substrate by using inks capable of curing by the application of energy, said method comprising (1) a step of imparting, to the substrate, the inks capable of curing by the application of energy to form colored portions, (2) a step of applying the energy to the substrate to partially cure the colored portions, (3) a step of forming an energy-curable resin layer on the partially cured colored portions, and (4) a step of curing the partially cured colored portions and the resin layer by the application of the energy.

Abstract: A photocopolymerizable composition for backsealing a ceramic carrier and process for using the composition is disclosed. The composition comprises: a liquid, multifunctional, bisphenol based epoxy; a liquid, multifunctional hydroxyl containing organic material; a complex onium salt photoinitiator; and, a complex cupric salt initiator. The composition utilizes a strong Bronstead acid for additional deep curing created by iodonium salt thermolysis.

Abstract: An improved process which comprises applying a layer of a color coating composition to a substrate used for the exterior of a motor vehicle and then applying a layer of a clear coating composition to the color coating and curing the resulting clear coat/color coat layer; the improvement is the use of a clear coating composition containing a film forming binder of an acrylosilane polymer and exposing the clear coat layer after curing to an artificial source of UV light under ambient temperatures and atmospheric conditions in an amount sufficient to improve the resistance of the clear coat to water spotting and acid etching when exposed to natural weathering conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for forming a laminate and the laminate using silicone release coating compositions comprising (A) a mixture of (i) a dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane-methylphenylsiloxane copolymer and (ii) a dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymer, (B) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane, (C) a platinum catalyst, and (D) an organic solvent. The silicone release coating compositions of the present invention provide small release resistance values both at low and high peeling velocities and do not impair the residual adhesion of tacky substances that have come into contact with the coating.

Abstract: A coating solution and a method of manufacturing a magnesium-oxide layer on a glass substrate. The layer obtained is characterized by a satisfactory adhesion and a high secondary electron emission coefficient. The curing temperature can remain below 250.degree. C., so that the method is suitable for the customary types of glass.Said coating solution comprising a solvent and partially acetylated and partially hydrolyzed Mg(OR).sub.2 of the formula Mg(OH).sub.x (OR).sub.y (OAc).sub.z.

Abstract: A method of preparing a coated substrate is disclosed. The substrate is coated with a plasma generated polymer containing Si, O, C and H in specific atom ratio wherein the polymer also contains certain functional groups. A power density of about 10.sup.6 to about 10.sup.8 J/Kg is employed in the plasma polymerization process.

Abstract: Process for producing a multi-layer lacquer coating by the application of a coat of clear lacquer including coating agents which are curable exclusively by polymerization in radicalic and/or cationic manner to a dried or crosslinked colored and/or effect-producing basecoat film process is performed in light having a wavelength of over 550 nm or subject to the exclusion of light. The application step is followed by initiation or implementation of curing of the clear-lacquer film by high-energy radiation. The process is particularly suitable for producing multi-layer lacquer coatings in the automobile industry.

Abstract: An applicator with a surface having a first wetting angle and a first surface area, which surface area has grafted thereto a layer of ion-producing gas plasma having a second wetting angle and a second surface are, wherein the second wetting angle is less than the first wetting angle and the second surface area is greater than the first surface area.

Abstract: Electrolessly deposited metal films having improved adhesion can be obtained by coating the surface of the substrates to be metallized with a formulation consisting of UV-curable varnishes which contain noble metal compounds as activators and, in addition, either fillers or solvents or a combination of fillers and solvents, curing these varnishes by means of UV radiation, followed by electroless metallization of the substrates thus treated.

Abstract: An improved CVD apparatus for depositing a uniform film is shown. The apparatus comprises a reaction chamber, a substrate holder and a plurality of light sources for photo CVD or a pair of electrodes for plasma CVD. The substrate holder is a cylindrical cart which is encircled by the light sources, and which is rotated around its axis by a driving device. With this configuration, the substrates mounted on the cart and the surroundings can be energized by light of plasma evenly throughout the surfaces to be coated.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of multi-coat lacquer coatings in which at least one heat-curable clear lacquer coat is applied onto a substrate provided with a pigmented base lacquer coat and is thermally cured, on top of which is applied a further clear lacquer coat based on radiation-curable coating compositions and this is cured by the action of actinic radiation. Lacquer coatings of particularly good optical quality are obtained.

Abstract: A system and method for the printing of substrates for use in food packaging and, more particularly, a flexographic printing system and method for applying and curing radiation cured inks to a flexible, heat shrinking web employing a combination of UV radiation and EB radiation.

Abstract: A multi-switch processing methodology and a multi-channel time-division plasma chopping device (10) for in-situ plasma-assisted semiconductor wafer processing associated with a plasma and/or photochemical processing equipment. The device (10) comprises a main transfer channel (72) associated with the processing reactor for transferring process gas and activated plasma mixtures into the reactor. A plurality of gas discharge channels (18, 22, 26, and 30) associate with the main transfer channel (72) for independently directing various gases and activated plasma combinations to main transfer channel (72). Process excitation sources (16, 20, 24 and 28) associate with at least one of said gas discharge or activation channels to independently and selectively activate process gases and to control gas activation and flow from the discharge channels to the main transfer channel (72).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a triacetyl cellulose film excellent in not only glare reducing property but also transparency and further excellent in the resolution and contrast and, at the same time, having good surface hardness and solvent resistance; a triacetyl cellulose film produced by the method; and a polarizing plate using the triacetyl cellulose film.A coating composition consisting essentially of a resin bead having a refractive index of 1.40 to 1.60 and an ionizing radiation curing resin composition is coated on a transparent substrate material, and the coated substrate material is irradiated with an ionizing radiation to cure the ionizing radiation curing resin. According to the present invention, when an acetyl cellulose film is used as the transparent substrate material, even though the film is saponified with an alkali, no increase in the haze value occurs and a triacetyl cellulose film provided with a hard coat having a glare reducing property can be obtained.

Abstract: A coating composition having photopolymerizability and heat curability, which comprises, as main components,(A) a vinyl copolymer having polymerizable double bonds and crosslinkable hydroxyl groups,(B) a condensation polymerizable compound of the following formula (i) or a condensation polymer thereof, and(C) a photopolymerization initiator: ##STR1## wherein each of the plurality of R which may be the same or different, is --H, --CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 OC.sub.4 H.sub.

Abstract: A coated abrasive article comprising(a) a porous backing having a front side and a back side;(b) in direct contact with the porous backing, a make coat formed from a composition comprising a radiation curable adhesive applied over the front side of the backing;(c) a multiplicity of abrasive grits bonded by the make coat to the front side of the backing; and(d) a size coat overlying both the abrasive grits and the make coat. The invention also involves several methods for preparing the coated abrasive article. In all of these methods, a radiation curable make coat precursor is applied directly to the front side of the porous backing. No treatment coat is required to seal the backing prior to application of the make coat precursor.

Abstract: A magneto-optical disk according to the present invention has a substrate, a recording layer formed on the substrate and an outer layer formed on the recording layer, above which a floating head is hovered. The outer layer is constituted of a protective layer, an antisticking layer for head, having a texture formed on its surface and other layers. The magneto-optical disk is designed such that, when rotated at a constant angular velocity, the thickness of the outer layer is substantially inversely proportional to a radial position r on the magneto-optical disk raised to the 1/2nd power. In the formation of the outer layer, a screen whose meshes become gradually finer from the innermost portion toward the circumferential portion of the magneto-optical disk is employed based on the screen printing technique.

Abstract: Bubble-free solder stop lacquer coatings of circuitboards are obtained for high conductor runs and close spacing, in that one proceeds from a photopolymerizable low-solvent lacquer, which is heated to pouring viscosity through a heatable roll and doctor blade by means of infrared lamps and is poured onto cooled circuitboards as a lacquer curtain.

Abstract: To color code optical fibers, a ultraviolet light curable ink is mixed with a carrier fluid. The mixture is then applied to a horizontally moving optical fiber by an ink applicator using a rigid applicator die. The fiber then passes through a convection oven to evaporate the carrier fluid and a ultraviolet light radiator to cure the ultraviolet light curable ink.

Abstract: A method of preparing a coated substrate is disclosed. The substrate is coated with a plasma generated polymer containing Si, Or C and H in specific atom ratio wherein the polymer also contains certain functional groups, A power density of about 10.sup.6 to about 10.sup.8 J/Kg is employed in the plasma polymerization process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the ultraviolet curing of pigmented coatings having a thickness from about 1 mm to about 10 mm at a high curing rate and a relatively low energy consumption per unit area of coating cured. A coated substrate is irradiated by a first high UV source having a spectral energy distribution of the discharge which is high in the range from about 350 nm to about 450 nm and by a second UV source having a spectral energy distribution of the discharge which is high in discrete regions through the range of about 200 nm to about 450 nm. Each UV source is powered by at least about 300 watts per inch of width of the coating.

Abstract: Photoreactive polymers are treated by exposure to microwave energy. A film of a photoreactive polymer (12), such as a photoresist, is applied to a substrate (10) and selectively exposed to ultraviolet light. The latent image produced is further cured or polymerized by treating the photoresist with microwave energy. Combinations of microwave and thermal energies are also used. The treated photoresist is then developed, producing a sidewall (17) that is vertical, and is improved by reduction of anomolies such as scum or a foot (16) at the base of the resist.

Abstract: This invention concerns new molecules with active, non-linear optical properties and which can be thermally reticulated (more precisely, these molecules include terminal functions which can be reticulated, attached to either side of the groups active in non-linear optics, which can be oriented under an electrical field). When reticulated and oriented under an electrical field, these materials are particularly stable and can be employed for industrial applications, using non-linear optics (electrooptical modulators, frequency doublers, etc.).

Abstract: A patterned mask is provided on a surface by formulating a liquid, 100% solids-type thermally curable mask composition, applying the composition as a film to the surface, selectively thermally exposing the film in the desired mask pattern using a focused beam of heat energy without use of an interposed patterned mask, and then developing away the film areas not thermally exposed so as to produce a patterned mask. The invention enables the elimination of potentially troublesome volatile solvent carriers or diluents from the composition, while at the same time still enabling production of finely-defined patterns without having to bring a patterned mask (cf. phototool) into contact with the composition. Similarly, the expense involved with use of dry film photo-sensitive masks is avoided.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printed circuit assembly is formed by first making a substrate (20). A substrate (20) is first formed from a photoactive polymer (14) that is capable of altering its physical state when exposed to a radiant beam (30). At this point, the substrate is only partially cured. A conductive circuit pattern (50) is then formed on the partially cured substrate. The substrate is then molded to create a three-dimensional structure, and then further cured to cause the photoactive polymer to harden.

Abstract: Plastic ophthalmic lenses are coated with a spin-coating process. A coating solution containing at least ninety percent tri- and tetra-acrylates in a butanol solvent is spin-coated onto the surface of a plastic lens. After drying, the coating is exposed to ultraviolet radiation to cure the coating. A photoinitiator is used which counteracts the tendency of oxygen to inhibit curing of the coating at its exterior surface.

Abstract: In the manufacture of an article such as optical fiber which includes a light energy cured coating material, fiber (21) is drawn from a preform (22) and coating with one or preferably two layers (42,44) of light curable coating materials. Afterwards, the coating materials are cured. Increases in manufacturing line speed may be achieved if the cure speed of the coating materials is increased. This is accomplished by the simultaneous application of a magnetic field during irradiation of the curable coating materials to enhance the crosslinking of the coating materials by a free radical polymerization mechanism. Upon absorption of light, a photoinitiator in each composition cleaves to produce two free radical fragments in the spin paired or singlet state. The magnetic field has the effect of enhancing the production of spin parallel radicals which enhances the polymerization initiation of the coating material, thereby allowing an increase in the manufacturing line speed through drawing and coating apparatus.

Abstract: A method of producing a flat, reinforced article with micro-openings is described wherein at least one reinforcing layer is applied to a basic layer. To be able to carry out such a method in an easy and inexpensive way, the following steps should be taken: Coating a prefabricated basic layer at both sides with a radiosensitive resist in such a way that the resist fills the micro-openings, irradiating the basic layer provided with the resist from one side in such a way that the radiation passes through the resist in the micro-openings, removing the resist from the basic-layer regions to be provided with the reinforcing layer, applying the reinforcing layer and subsequently removing the remaining resist.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of drying and bonding one or more layers of nail polish the the surface of a fingernail, wherein the final coating is defined as a photo-sensitive material that is activated by means of a photo-active light source.