Abstract: A deposition source for depositing a deposition material on a substrate, the deposition source including: a nozzle disposed to face the substrate and discharge the deposition material toward the substrate; and a hardening portion disposed to at least one side of the nozzle for immediately hardening the deposition material discharged via the nozzle when the deposition material reaches the substrate. The deposition source being part of a deposition apparatus for manufacturing an organic light-emitting display having improved characteristics of a deposited film and encapsulation characteristics.

Abstract: A device having three evaporation sources and a unit for moving the respective evaporation sources in one chamber is used, whereby it becomes possible to increase efficiency of use of an evaporation material. Consequently, manufacturing cost can be reduced, and a uniform thickness can be obtained over an entire surface of a substrate even in the case in which a large area substrate is used.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a flexible electronic device includes forming a flexible substrate on a roll-type mother substrate, separating the flexible substrate from the roll-type mother substrate, and forming an electronic device on a separation surface of the flexible substrate, which has contacted the roll-type mother substrate, thus solving the problems of low performance and low yield of flexible electronic devices due to a low processing temperature, high surface roughness, high thermal expansion coefficient, and poor handling characteristics.

Abstract: An electrowetting display apparatus includes a first base substrate, a second base substrate which faces the first base substrate, a first electrode on the first base substrate, and a second electrode on the second base substrate, where the second electrode faces the first electrode. A barrier wall is on the first electrode, where the barrier wall defines a storage area. A surface of the first electrode and the barrier wall is overlapped by a barrier layer. In addition, a water-repellent layer is on the barrier layer which is in the storage area. First and second fluids are in the storage area, the first fluid is separate from the second fluid, and the first fluid or the second fluid has a polarity.

Abstract: A donor film for a laser induced thermal imaging method capable of improving the optical efficiency of an emission layer, a light emitting device using the same, and a method of manufacturing the light emitting device are provided. The donor film for a laser induced thermal imaging method includes a base substrate, a light to heat conversion layer (LTHC) provided on the base substrate and having a pattern with a predetermined step difference, and a transfer layer provided on the LTHC. It is possible to improve the optical efficiency of the emission layer by patterning the transfer layer using the LTHC having the pattern with a predetermined step difference.

Abstract: Core-shell coated pigment particles are prepared by core-shell coating using pigment particles, at least one hydrophilic organometallic compound, at least one hydrophobic organometallic compound, distilled water and a solvent. Ink particles coated with an ionized organometallic compound are prepared by using the core-shell coated pigment particles, the solvent and a halogen compound. The ink particles, a dispersing agent and a dielectric liquid are mixed to prepare an ink composition. The ink composition has an electrophoresis property to exhibit an electric movement and has a good dispersibility in a dielectric liquid. The ink composition may be applied in a reflective type color display device.

Abstract: A method is provided to produce an opto-electronic device comprising a substrate, a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer of opposite polarity to said first electrode layer, any interlayers and, between said first and second electrode layers, a first functional material in interfacial contact with a second functional material, wherein the first functional material has the structure of a laterally porous film and the second functional material is a film disposed over and interpenetrating with the film of the first functional material.

Abstract: A method for counteracting the curling tendency of a gas barrier film having a tendency to curl up with a support side thereof facing inside, comprising (1) heating the gas barrier film from the support side thereof to thereby control the support temperature to fall between Tg and Tg+40° C., and (2) conveying the film in the roller circumferential direction within one second after the temperature of the support has reached Tg, while a part of the gas barrier layer of the gas barrier film is kept in contact with a film surface center part noncontact roller wherein Tg means the glass transition temperature of the support.

Abstract: Color electronic paper displays are provided. The color electronic paper display includes a substrate, a plurality of black matrices arrayed with a certain distance therebetween on the substrate, and electronic ink microcapsules between the black matrices. The black matrices cover interconnection lines disposed on the substrate. The electronic ink microcapsules include at least one first microcapsule containing white particles and yellow particles, at least one second microcapsule containing white particles and magenta particles, and at least one third microcapsule containing white particles and cyan particles. Related methods are also provided.

Abstract: A film formation apparatus with which a deposited film to cover a deposition object having a three-dimensional curved surface can be formed and a method of forming a deposited film to cover a three-dimensional curved surface. The film formation apparatus includes a deposition source having deposition directivity, a deposition-source-moving mechanism which moves the deposition source, a deposition-object-holding mechanism which holds a deposition object having a three-dimensional curved surface, a deposition-direction-changing mechanism which changes the deposition direction, and a control portion which controls the deposition-source-moving mechanism and the deposition-direction-changing mechanism.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to yellow-to-transmissive conjugated polymers, a method to prepare the yellow conjugated polymers, the use of the yellow conjugated polymers in an electrochromic and/or electroluminescent device comprising neutral state primary subtractive colored conjugated polymers, and a method to prepare the device comprising the yellow conjugated polymer. The yellow conjugated polymers comprise a sequence of dioxythiophene units alternating with aromatic units, thiophene units, furan units, and/or pyrrole units. The yellow conjugated polymers are prepared by cross-condensation reactions. The yellow conjugated polymers can be soluble and preparation of the device involves deposition of the yellow conjugated polymer from solution onto a surface.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for preventing oxidation or contamination during a circuit printing operation. The circuit printing operation can be directed to OLED-type printing. In an exemplary embodiment, the printing process is conducted at a load-locked printer housing having one or more of chambers. Each chamber is partitioned from the other chambers by physical gates or fluidic curtains. A controller coordinates transportation of a substrate through the system and purges the system by timely opening appropriate gates. The controller may also control the printing operation by energizing the print-head at a time when the substrate is positioned substantially thereunder.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for preventing oxidation or contamination during a circuit printing operation. The circuit printing operation can be directed to OLED-type printing. In an exemplary embodiment, the printing process is conducted at a load-locked printer housing having one or more of chambers. Each chamber is partitioned from the other chambers by physical gates or fluidic curtains. A controller coordinates transportation of a substrate through the system and purges the system by timely opening appropriate gates. The controller may also control the printing operation by energizing the print-head at a time when the substrate is positioned substantially thereunder.

Abstract: Provided is a color display element which employs a conventional system of monochrome electronic paper without degrading the degree of brightness and with ease and lower costs. Also provided is a method of producing a color display element including a pair of opposing substrates having electrodes, charged display bodies of white color and black color which are enclosed between the opposing substrates, and a color filter which is disposed on one of the opposing substrates, the method including forming a color filter disposed on a viewing side by forming, first, colored regions of at least three colors of blue, green, and red by an inkjet method on a transparent support substrate, and forming remaining regions other than the colored regions so as to be colorless or transparent.

Abstract: A method for producing an organic electroluminescence element, the method including subjecting an anode to a surface treatment using at least one non-oxidizing gas, and forming a p-doped hole-injection layer on a surface of the anode subjected to the surface treatment.

Abstract: A composite article comprises a substrate having at least a substrate surface and a graded-composition coating disposed on a substrate surface. The composition of the coating material varies substantially continuously across its thickness. The coating reduces the transmission rates of oxygen, water vapor, and other chemical species through the substrate such that the composite article can be used effectively as a diffusion barrier to protect chemically sensitive devices or materials. An organic light-emitting device incorporates such a composite article to provide an extended life thereto.

Abstract: A method for making a material useful in an optoelectronic device comprises: providing a mixture of a polytriarylamine and a compound; forming a film of the mixture; and treating the film; wherein the compound comprises at least one functional group selected from arylamine and arylphosphine and at least two functional groups selected from vinyl, allyl, vinyl ether, epoxy, and acrylate. The materials made and the optoelectronic device are also provided.

Abstract: A fabricating method of a light emitting device is provided. In the fabricating method, a substrate having a first electrode layer is provided. An organic film solution that includes an organic material, a solid medium, and a solvent is provided. The solid medium is capable of sublimation, and the organic material and the solid medium are mixed into the solvent. An organic film is formed on the first electrode layer by using the organic film solution. The solvent and the solid medium are removed to form an organic functional layer that has the organic material. A second electrode layer is formed on the organic functional layer.

Abstract: A method for preparing a multilayer of nanocrystals. The method includes the steps of (i) coating nanocrystals surface-coordinated by a photosensitive compound, or a mixed solution of a photosensitive compound and nanocrystals surface-coordinated by a material miscible with the photosensitive compound, on a substrate, drying the coated substrate, and exposing the dried substrate to UV light to form a first monolayer of nanocrystals, and (ii) repeating the procedure of step (i) to form one or more monolayers of nanocrystals on the first monolayer of nanocrystals. Further, an organic-inorganic hybrid electroluminescence device using a multilayer of nanocrystals prepared by the method as a luminescent layer.

Abstract: A combination of host materials suitable for co-evaporation or premix evaporation, and devices containing the combination of host materials are provided. The combination of host materials provides improved lifetime and efficiency. A method for fabricating devices containing the host material combination is also provided.

Abstract: Provided are a composition useful for manufacturing an organic electroluminescence device that has improved efficiency and durability in an organic electroluminescence device in which a siloxane polymer is used as a material for organic electroluminescence device, the composition including (A) a siloxane polymer having a charge transporting moiety at a side chain thereof, (B) at least one crosslinking agent, and (C) a solvent, a film, a charge transporting layer, and an organic electroluminescence device which use the composition, and a method for forming a charge transporting layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and method for controlling color of solid state light sources, such as OLEDs. Included here is an illumination system comprising a solid state light source optically coupled with a selectively absorbing brightness enhancing layer. Also disclosed herein are methods for making a selectively absorbing brightness enhancing film. Disclosed advantages may include adjustment of the color of a solid state light source which has undergone color shift due degradation.

Abstract: A translucent conductive substrate (1) for Organic Light Emitting Device comprising, a transparent support (10), a scattering layer (11) formed over the transparent support (10) and comprising a glass which contains a base material (110) having a first refractive index for at least one wavelength of light to be transmitted and a plurality of scattering materials (111) dispersed in the base material (110) and having a second refractive index different from that of the base material and a transparent electrode (12) formed over the scattering layer (11), said electrode (12) comprising at least one metal conduction layer (122) and at least one coating (120) having properties for improving the light transmission through said electrode, said coating (120) comprises at least one layer for improving light transmission (1201) and is located between the metal conduction layer (122) and the scattering layer (11), on which said electrode (12) is deposited.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrode pattern formed on at least one of a first substrate and a second substrate in a liquid crystal display, including: a plurality of main slits including a first main slit and a second main slit crossing the first main slit; and a plurality of sub slits, wherein each sub slit is connected to one of the first main slit and the second main slit at an end. The width of the first main slit and the second main slit increases in size toward the intersection of the first main slit and the second main slit.

Abstract: A vapor deposition apparatus efficiently performs a deposition process to form a thin film with improved characteristics on a substrate, and a method manufactures an organic light-emitting display apparatus by using such vapor deposition apparatus. The vapor deposition apparatus includes a body including an upper member and a lateral member coupled to the upper member; a receiving portion disposed to face one side of the lateral member; a stage disposed in the receiving portion and supporting the substrate; a plurality of first injection portions disposed in the lateral member and injecting at least one gas into a space between the lateral member and the upper member; a second injection portion disposed in the upper member and injecting at least one gas into the space between the lateral member and the upper member; and a plasma generating portion including a coil and a power source connected to the coil.

Abstract: A lens substrate includes a base substrate, a first lens electrode and a first signal line. The base substrate includes a lens area and a peripheral area surrounding the lens area. The first signal line in the peripheral area and includes a layered structure in which a first transparent conductive layer and a metal layer directly contact each other. The first lens electrode is in the lens area and includes the first transparent conductive layer excluding the metal layer. The first signal line is in the peripheral area. The first signal line is connected to the first lens electrode and includes a layered structure in which the first transparent conductive layer and the metal layer directly contact each other.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a flexible electrode substrate. The method includes forming a microlens array under a film, forming a transparent electrode layer on the film so as to oppose the microlens array, and forming a grid electrode between the film and the transparent electrode layer or on the transparent electrode layer. Herein, the grid electrode and the microlens array are formed on the both sides of the film by performing at least one of an inkjet printing process, a roll-to-roll printing process, a screen printing process, and a stamping printing process.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to improve patterning accuracy while maintaining low cost, high throughput and a high degree of freedom of an optical material in a matrix type display device and a manufacturing method thereof. In order to achieve the object, a difference in height, a desired distribution of liquid repellency and affinity to liquid, or a desired potential distribution is formed by utilizing first bus lines in a passive matrix type display device or utilizing scanning lines, signal lines, common current supply lines, pixel electrodes, an interlevel insulation film, or a light shielding layer in an active matrix type display device. A liquid optical material is selectively coated at predetermined positions by utilizing the difference in height, the desired distribution of liquid repellency and affinity to liquid, or the desired potential distribution.

Abstract: An object is to provide a manufacturing method of a light-emitting device including an organic compound layer, in which a desired organic compound layer is easily formed using a plurality of evaporation materials. A first organic compound layer containing a plurality of evaporation materials is formed over a first substrate. The first organic compound layer is formed using a mixture formed by mixture of the plurality of evaporation materials in advance. A second substrate is placed at a position facing the first substrate so as to face the first organic compound layer provided for the first substrate. The first organic compound layer as an evaporation source is heated to be vaporized and a desired second organic compound layer is formed over the second substrate placed so as to face the first substrate. Accordingly, a light-emitting device is manufactured.

Abstract: A first supporting substrate on a front surface of which a reflective layer having an opening is formed and a second supporting substrate on a front surface of which a light absorption layer patterned into island or stripe shapes and a material layer over the light absorption layer are formed are prepared, the first and second supporting substrates are disposed so that the opening of the reflective layer and the light absorption layer overlap with each other and the reflective layer is in contact with a back surface of the second supporting substrate, the second supporting substrate and a deposition target substrate are disposed so that the front surface of the second supporting substrate faces the deposition target substrate, and the material layer is attached to the deposition target substrate by irradiating the back surface of the first supporting substrate with light and by sublimating the material layer.

Abstract: An approach is described for manufacturing wavelength conversion components for lighting devices which employ in-line process controls to minimize the amount of perceptible variation in the amount of photo-luminescent material that is deposited in the wavelength conversion components. Weight measurements are utilized in the manufacturing process to control and minimize the amount of the variations. In this approach, the weight of the product during manufacturing is used as a surrogate to a measure of the amount of photo-luminescent material in the component, and hence a surrogate for the expected color properties of the manufactured product. By measuring and checking for weight variations for the component, one can quickly determine with reasonable confidence whether there are any variations in the amount of photo-luminescent in the component.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device comprises a hole injecting electrode, an electron injecting electrode and at least one organic light emitting layer disposed between said hole injecting electrode and said electron injecting electrode wherein a layered metal chalcogenide layer is disposed between said hole injecting electrode and said light emitting layer.

Abstract: A method of forming a pattern and a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device, the method of forming a pattern including providing an electromagnetic substrate for generating an electromagnetic field at a selectively controllable position by selectively controlling where current flows through the electromagnetic substrate; providing a patterning substrate for forming a pattern; aligning the electromagnetic substrate to a first surface of the patterning substrate; selectively applying current to the electromagnetic substrate to form the electromagnetic field at the predetermined position; providing masking powder in a vicinity of a second surface of the patterning substrate such that the masking powder reacts to the electromagnetic field; supplying a pattern forming material to the second surface of the patterning substrate; and cutting off the current to the electromagnetic substrate.

Abstract: A production method of an ink composition for organic EL devices comprises preparing a composition containing a polymer organic EL material and an organic solvent; and applying an electric field to the composition. Preferably, a composition containing a polymer organic EL material prepared by a coupling reaction between a halogenated aromatic compound and an aromatic boron compound in the presence of palladium catalyst or nickel catalyst, an organic solvent, and an aromatic carboxylic acid contained in an amount of 0.01-1 wt % based on the total amount of the organic solvent and aromatic carboxylic acid is prepared.

Abstract: A semiconductive polymer comprising a first repeat unit in the polymer backbone comprising general formula 1: where a=1 or 2; b=0 or 1; and c=0, 1 or 2, provided that when c=0 then b=0; Ar1, Ar2, Ar3, Ar4, Ar5, and Ar6 each independently represent an aryl or heteroaryl ring or a fused derivative thereof; characterized in that at least one of Ar1, Ar2, Ar4, and Ar5 is non-conjugating; and provided that (a) when a=1, Ar1 is not linked to Ar2 by a direct bond, (b) when b=1 and c=1, Ar4 is not linked to Ar5 by a direct bond, (c) when b=0 and c=1, Ar2 is not linked to Ar5 by a direct bond, (d) when a=2, the Ar1 groups are not linked by a single bond, and (e) when c=2, the Ar5 groups are not linked by a single bond.

Abstract: A vapor deposition mask (70) includes a first layer (71), a second layer (72) and a third layer (73) in this order. A plurality of first openings (71h), a plurality of second openings (72h) and a plurality of third openings (73h) are formed respectively in the first layer, the second layer and the third layer. The first openings, the second openings and the third openings communicate with each other, thereby constituting mask openings (75). The opening dimension of the second openings is larger than the opening dimension of the first openings and is larger than the opening dimension of the third openings. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent reduction of the opening dimension of the mask openings or clogging of the mask openings due to the vapor deposition particles adhering to the mask openings.

Abstract: A vapor deposition source (60), a plurality of limiting plates (81) and a vapor deposition mask (70) are disposed in this order. A substrate spaced apart from the vapor deposition mask at a fixed interval is moved relative to the vapor deposition mask. Vapor deposition particles (91) discharged from vapor deposition source openings (61) of the vapor deposition source pass through between neighboring limiting plates, pass through mask openings (71) formed in the vapor deposition mask, and adhere to the substrate, whereby coating films (90) are formed. The limiting plates limit the incidence angle of the vapor deposition particles that enter the mask openings, as viewed in the relative movement direction of the substrate. In this way, an organic EL element can be formed on a large-sized substrate without increasing the pixel pitch or reducing the aperture ratio.

Abstract: A translucent conductive film-forming coating liquid that can form a translucent conductive film having excellent translucency and conductivity together with organic solvent resistance includes conductive oxide acicular powder dispersed in a solvent containing a binder resin, the glass transition point (Tg) of the binder resin being 120° C. or more.

Abstract: A liquid material arrangement method includes a first patter generating step, a dot deleting step and a liquid material arranging step. In the first pattern generating step, a first dot pattern is generated in which a first prescribed number of dots is set. In the dot deleting step, a second prescribed number of dots is deleted to generate a second dot pattern. In the liquid material arranging step, a liquid material is arranged in the prescribed region on the substrate by causing a nozzle and the substrate to scan in relative manner and discharging the liquid material based on the second dot pattern. In the dot deleting step, a dot indicator for each the first prescribed number of dots is determined based on discharge information of the nozzle, and the second prescribed number of dots is deleted based on the dot indicator.

Abstract: A donor substrate includes a base layer, a light to heat conversion layer on the base layer, an interlayer on the light to heat conversion layer, a low molecular weight transfer layer on the interlayer and an organic transfer layer on the low molecular weight transfer layer. The low molecular weight transfer layer includes an element in Group I or a compound of elements in Group I and Group VII.

Abstract: A backlight assembly includes a light emitting portion, a chromaticity converter and a light guide plate. The light emitting portion generates a first light. The chromaticity converter receives the first light, and converts a chromaticity of the first light to generate a uniform light having a uniform chromaticity. The light guide plate includes an incident surface to which the uniform light is incident, and a light exiting surface guiding the uniform light provided from the incident surface and emitting the uniform light. Accordingly, a display quality of a display apparatus may be enhanced.

Abstract: An image sensor is provided. The image sensor includes a pixel sensor, a color filter array comprising a plurality of color filters formed on the pixel sensor, wherein two adjacent color filters have a gap therebetween, and a gapless microlens array comprising a plurality of microlenses formed on the color filter array. The invention also provides a method for fabricating the image sensor.

Abstract: A composite article comprises a substrate having at least a substrate surface and a graded-composition coating disposed on a substrate surface. The composition of the coating material varies substantially continuously across its thickness. The coating reduces the transmission rates of oxygen, water vapor, and other chemical species through the substrate such that the composite article can be used effectively as a diffusion barrier to protect chemically sensitive devices or materials. An organic light-emitting device incorporates such a composite article to provide an extended life thereto.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for preventing oxidation or contamination during a circuit printing operation. The circuit printing operation can be directed to OLED-type printing. In an exemplary embodiment, the printing process is conducted at a load-locked printer housing having one or more of chambers. Each chamber is partitioned from the other chambers by physical gates or fluidic curtains. A controller coordinates transportation of a substrate through the system and purges the system by timely opening appropriate gates. The controller may also control the printing operation by energizing the print-head at a time when the substrate is positioned substantially thereunder.

Abstract: There is a problem in a method for forming an EL layer by heating with light and transferring an organic material in that the organic material is not uniformly transferred. The present invention relates to a film formation method including the steps of forming a metal film over a first surface of an elastic substrate; forming an organic material layer onto a second surface of the elastic substrate which is opposite to the first surface; placing the second surface of the elastic substrate and a substrate on which a film is to be formed, with a space between the second surface of the elastic substrate and the substrate on which a film is to be formed; heating locally and rapidly the metal film from a first surface side of the elastic substrate to deform the elastic substrate by expansion of the metal film; and transferring the organic material layer from the elastic substrate onto the substrate on which a film is to be formed.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing an EL device formed in each of a plurality of sections arrayed in matrix form on a substrate, the method including the step of depositing an evaporant onto the substrate through a mask held between the substrate and an evaporation source opposite the substrate, the mask having deposition patterns of all the sections in a column direction as openings, wherein the step is repeated while moving the substrate in a row direction of the sections one column at a time.

Abstract: The invention provides an optoelectric device, in particular an organic light emitting diode device comprising a substrate, a first electrode applied on the substrate, a second electrode, a layer of an organic light emitting material which is arranged in between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a multilayer seal applied onto the second electrode which multilayer seal comprises at least one layer of a high density material and at least one layer of an organic material in which organic material a moisture scavenging agent has been incorporated, which moisture scavenging agent comprises an organic composition that does not generate an acidic proton when subjected to hydrolysis. The invention also relates to an article comprising said organic light emitting device, and a method for preparing said device.

Abstract: For a full-color flat panel display, demands for high definition, high aperture ratio and high reliability have been increasing. Therefore, increasing in the number of pixels and narrowing a pixel pitch have been major issues. According to the present invention, a layer including an organic compound is selectively formed with a light-exposure apparatus used in a photolithography technique without a resist mask. A material layer including a photopolymerization initiator, a material polymerized with the photopolymerization initiator, and an organic compound are formed on a plate, and then are exposed to light and selectively cured. A film-formation substrate is disposed so as to face the plate. The film-formation substrate or the material layer is heated so that the organic compound included in a region exposed to light or a region not exposed to light is evaporated to be selectively deposited on the surface of the film-formation substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic light emitting device and a fabrication method thereof, comprising a substrate, an anode layer formed on said substrate, an organic function layer formed on said anode layer, and a cathode layer formed on said organic function layer, characterized in that, further comprising a cathode interface modification layer between said organic function layer and said cathode layer, wherein said cathode interface modification layer contains a compound AxByCz, A is an element of Group IA or IIA, B is an element of Group IIIA or VA, C is a hydrogen element, and 1?x?2, y?[0,1], 1?z?4. In the present invention, the cathode interface modification layer is formed after forming a light emitting layer, the cathode interface modification layer contains a compound AxByCz, the electron injection ability at the cathode interface can be improved by adding the cathode interface modification layer, and hence the device performance can be significantly improved.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display apparatus includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each of the sub-pixels having a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an intermediate layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, the intermediate layer having a plurality of layers including an organic emission layer, at least one layer of the plurality of layers in the intermediate layer being commonly shared by two sub-pixels arranged in a first direction and by at least two sub-pixels arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.