Abstract: A first substrate and a second substrate are provided. An alignment process is performed on a surface of the first substrate and a surface of the second substrate respectively. A liquid crystal mixture is prepared, where the liquid crystal mixture includes a liquid crystal molecule and a liquid crystal monomer having a functional group of diacrylates, and the liquid crystal monomer having the functional group of diacrylates occupies 0.01-2 wt % of the liquid crystal mixture. The first substrate and the second substrate are assembled, and the liquid crystal mixture is filled therebetween. A polymerization curing process is performed such that the liquid crystal monomer having the functional group of diacrylates is polymerized to respectively form a liquid crystal polymer film on the aligned surfaces of the first and second substrates. The method enhances anchoring energy and reduces problems of V-T shift, surface gliding, and residual image.

Abstract: A plane structure of polymeric dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film is provided. It includes two opposite transparent rigid substrates, and a PDLC light shuttle film arranged on the inner surface of one transparent rigid substrate. A sealed structure is formed on the periphery of the gap between two transparent rigid substrates to construct a sealed hollow space. This plane structure of PDLC film may change transparent state at user's own choice, and has the advantages of heat insulation and soundproofing.

Abstract: An optical assembly is provided that includes a display panel, a substantially transparent substrate and an adhesive composition. The adhesive composition includes the reaction product of a miscible blend that includes one or more (meth)acrylate monomer, one or more multifunctional (meth)acrylate oligomer and one or more free-radical generating photoinitiator. The one or more multifunctional (meth)acrylic oligomer includes an acrylic oligomer derived from (meth)acrylate monomers that is not substantially bonded to the adhesive composition after it has been cured by exposure to actinic radiation. Also provide is a method of making the optical assembly and a tape that includes a backing and the provided adhesive composition that has been cured.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions of display cell structure and electrode protecting layers for improving the performance of display devices. The composition comprises a polar oligomeric or polymeric material having a glass transition temperature below about 100° C., and the resulting display cells or electrode protecting layer have an average crosslinking density of below about 1 crosslink point per 80 Dalton molecular weight.

Abstract: A sealant for a one drop fill process is characterized by curing through two steps consisting of photocure using visible light from which 400 nm or shorter wavelengths are cut off and thermal cure and, when in contact with a liquid crystal composition, is less contaminating to the liquid crystal composition with a photo radical initiator, and exhibits high adhesive strength to a substrate. The sealant contains (1) a titanocene photo radical initiator, (2) a photocuring resin, (3) a latent epoxy curing agent and, if necessary, (4) a monomer having at least two glycidyl ether groups per molecule as a thermosetting resin.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the content ratio of polar and neutral compounds in a liquid crystal layer is controlled, or a coupling agent that is well adapted to those compounds is used as a material for a sealant, thereby stably maintaining the display quality of the liquid crystal display even at low temperatures.

Abstract: A method of forming a thin film includes: forming a thin film on a substrate by discharging liquid material as a droplet; discharging the liquid material to a liquid material disposing-region that is wider than a thin film forming region; and drying the liquid material thereby to dispose a raising portion at the edge of the thin film in the outside of the thin film forming region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sealant composition for a liquid crystal display device, the sealant composition including a (meta) acrylate compound as expressed in Chemical Formula 1 below

Abstract: Provided are adhesive compositions comprising a mixture of a maleimide terminated polyimide resin, a thermoplastic resin compatible with the maleimide terminated polyimide resin, a liquid rubber, and a thermally activated free radical curing agent. Various embodiments add one or more of a silane coupling agent, an ethylenically unsaturated compound with acid functionality, electrically conductive particles, and electrically conductive scrim. Methods of using the compositions also are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conductive particle, a conductive adhesive with the conductive particles, a LCD panel with the conductive adhesive, a method of manufacturing of the conductive particle and a method of manufacturing of the conductive adhesive. The conductive particle comprising an outer coating layer of graphite and an inner core of an organic resin enclosed by the outer coating layer, and therefore the conductive particles can have good conductivity as well as good strength and elasticity.

Abstract: An electro-optical module includes: an electro-optical panel; and a transparent protector disposed on a viewer-side surface of the electro-optical panel, wherein transparent protector has a stack structure including a first transparent protection layer that faces the electro-optical panel and is formed of an elastic material and a second transparent protection layer that has a higher dynamic elasticity value than that of the first transparent protection layer within a frequency range of 1 to 10 Hz.

Abstract: A photocationically polymerizable adhesive composition and an optical member, the photocationically polymerizable adhesive composition including about 75 to about 99.8 parts by weight of a compound including one of aliphatic epoxy, alicyclic epoxy, oxetane, and vinyl ether compounds, about 0.1 to about 5 parts by weight of a titanate coupling agent, and about 0.1 to about 20 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator, wherein a sum of weights of the compound, the titanate coupling agent, and the photopolymerization initiator is 100 parts by weight.

Abstract: A novel optical compensation sheet is disclosed. The sheet comprising a polymer layer formed by coating and, drying a solution comprising a polymer compound and a solvent composition comprising 20% by weight or more of water; and an optically anisotropic layer formed on the surface of the polymer layer by hardening a liquid crystal layer comprising at least one liquid-crystalline compound under irradiation of ionizing radiation at a film surface temperature from 70 to 160° C.; wherein a frontal retardation (Re) value of the optically anisotropic layer is not zero, and the optically anisotropic layer gives substantially equal retardation values for light of a wavelength ? nm coming respectively in a direction rotated by +40° and in a direction rotated by ?40° with respect to a normal direction of a layer plane using an in-plane slow axis as a tilt axis (a rotation axis).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a display device where a display panel and a transparent cover which are pasted together can be separated from each other without breaking the liquid crystal display panel and the transparent cover. The present invention provides a display device having: a liquid crystal display panel having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate which is provided on the viewer side relative to the first substrate; a polarizing plate provided on the above described liquid crystal display panel on the above described viewer side; a viscous film pasted on the viewer side relative to the above described polarizing plate; and a transparent cover pasted on the viewer side relative to the above described viscous film, wherein the above described viscous film is made up of a multilayer body of gluing agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions suitable for the formation of an adhesive layer used for in-mold decoration. This invention also relates to in-mold decoration tape or strip, comprising: a carrier layer; a release layer; a durable layer; and an adhesive layer which comprises an adhesive binder, a polymeric particulate material and an inorganic particulate material.

Abstract: Disclosed are an anti-static adhesive composition, and a polarizing plate and/or a surface protective film fabricated using the same. More particularly, an anti-static adhesive composition for imparting enhanced anti-static properties, including a metal salt represented by Formula 1 as an anti-static agent so as to sufficiently inhibit generation of static electricity while not deteriorating inherent physical properties of an adhesive such as adhesiveness, durability and reliability, etc., is provided. In addition, a polarizing plate and and/or a surface protective film fabricated using the foregoing anti-static adhesive composition are provided. M+[(FSO2)2N]???(Formula 1) wherein M is an alkali metal.

Abstract: The present invention mechanically protects a surface of a miniaturized liquid crystal display device for mobile phone or the like without deteriorating image quality and without increasing a thickness of a whole display device. To achieve such an object, in the present invention, a liquid crystal display panel is constituted of a TFT substrate and a color filter substrate, a lower polarizer is adhered to a lower surface of the TFT substrate, and an upper polarizer is adhered to an upper surface of the color filter substrate. A face plate is adhered to the upper polarizer using an acrylic adhesive material which is cured by ultraviolet rays. For enhancing strength and adhesion property of the face plate, corners and side portions of the face plate are chamfered. By making a profile of the face plate smaller than a profile of the upper polarizer, the adhesion property of the face plate is enhanced.

Abstract: Provided is a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for optical use which less suffers from a misoperation-causing change in capacitance upon application to an optical member. The pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for optical use includes a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and has a dielectric constant of from 2 to 8 at a frequency of 1 MHz and a dielectric loss tangent of more than 0 and 0.2 or less at a frequency of 1 MHz. The pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for optical use preferably has a dielectric constant at a frequency of 1.0×106 Hz being 60% or more of that at a frequency of 1.0×104 Hz. In addition, the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for optical use preferably has an absolute value of difference between the dielectric loss tangent at a frequency of 1.0×106 Hz and that at a frequency of 1.0×104 Hz of 0.15 or less.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention there is provided an optically anisotropic compensation panel with spectrally controllable dispersion of refractive indices. The compensation panel comprises at least one optically anisotropic layer based on an ordered guest-host system. The guest-host system comprises an anisotropic host matrix including an organic compound transparent to electromagnetic radiation in the visible spectral range, and guest component having guest particles. In another aspect the present invention provides a method of producing an optically anisotropic compensation panel disclosed. And in yet another embodiment the present invention provides a liquid crystal display with the compensation panel disclosed.

Abstract: A hard-coated antiglare film is provided that has high hardness, high scratch resistance, and good antiglare properties. In the hard-coated antiglare film of the present invention including a transparent plastic film substrate, a hard-coating layer containing fine particles is formed on at least one surface of the transparent plastic film substrate, the hard-coating layer has a thickness in the range of 15 to 30 ?m, the fine particles have a weight average particle size of 30 to 75% of a thickness of the hard-coating layer, the average tilt angle ?a of the unevenness of the hard-coating layer surface is in the range of 0.4° to 1.5°, and the hard-coating layer is formed using a resin for forming the hard-coating layer containing three specific resin components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds represented by the following Formula I, In Formula I, R1 and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, and optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, provided that at least one of R1 and R2 is selected from optionally substituted hydrocarbyl (e.g., tertiary butyl); n is 0, 1 or 2, and each R3 is independently selected from optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; L1 is a divalent linking group, such as a bond or —C(O)O—; each L2 independently represents a flexible segment, such as divalent linear or branched C1-C25 alkyl; each L3 independently represents a rigid segment including, for example, optionally substituted phenylen-1,4-diyl groups; t is from 1 to 4; m and p are each independently from 0 to 4 for each t, provided that the sum of m and p is at least 1 for each t; and E can be, for example, C5-C18 aryl.

Abstract: A retardation layer that includes regions causing different retardations can be manufactured easily. A retardation substrate includes a substrate and a solidified liquid crystal layer supported by the substrate. The solidified liquid crystal layer includes first to third regions. The first to third regions re arranged on the substrate and different in degree of orientation of mesogens.

Abstract: A method of making a chromonic structure comprises (a) preparing a first aqueous mixture comprising (i) a continuous water-soluble polymer phase and (ii) a discontinuous chromonic phase comprising a chromonic material, to form chromonic nanoparticles; (b) non-covalently crosslinking the resulting chromonic nanoparticles with a multivalent cation salt; (c) dispersing the resulting crosslinked chromonic nanoparticles in a water-soluble polymer phase to form a chromonic nanoparticle dispersion; and (d) preparing a second aqueous mixture comprising (i) the chromonic nanoparticle dispersion and (ii) a continuous chromonic phase comprising a chromonic material.

Abstract: A plastic substrate according to the present invention is used in optical instruments. The plastic substrate includes a composite substrate 10 in which fibers 11 are embedded in a resin matrix 12. The fibers are arranged in at least one predetermined direction within a plane of the composite substrate. The composite substrate substantially transmits visible radiation and has a predefined retardation that is associated with the predetermined direction in which the fibers are arranged.

Abstract: A glass bonding material contains vanadium and phosphor as main glass components, and comprises in amounts converted as oxides of the elements in the components, 45 to 60% by weight of V2O5, 15 to 30% by weight of P2O5, 5 to 25% by weight of BaO, or contains a glass comprising at least vanadium, phosphor, barium and antimony, wherein the glass comprises in amounts converted as oxides, 15 to 35% by weight of BaO and Sb2O3 in total, and a weight ratio of BaO/Sb2O3 or Sb2O3/BaO is 0.3 or less.

Abstract: A sealing glass of a low melting point phosphate glass composition contains 15 to 35% of BaO and Sb2O3 (in total) and the ratio by weight of BaO to Sb2O3 or Sb2O3 to BaO is 0.3 or less. Particularly the transition metal is vanadium and the glass contains V2O5 of 45 to 60 wt % as vanadium oxide and P2O5 of 15 to 30 wt % as phosphorus oxide. The bonding material is a mixture of a filler and a vanadate-phosphate glass that contains V2O5 of 45 to 60%, P2O5 of 20 to 30%, BaO of 5 to 15%, TeO2 of 0 to 10%, Sb2O3 of 5 to 10%, and WO3 of 0 to 5%. The particle size of the filler is in the range of 1 to 150 ?m and the ratio of filler is 80% by volume or less of the adhesive glass.

Abstract: A switchable window comprising a coating layer disposed between a first substrate and a second substrate, the coating layer comprising a plurality of liquid crystals, at least one monomer, and at least one oligomer wherein the weight percentage of the at least one oligomer is greater than the weight percentage of the at least one monomer.

Abstract: A polymerizable cholesteric liquid crystal composition in the invention includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a polymerizable ester compound (1) having a residue of a hydrolysate of ?-oryzanol (A) and having a ring structure, a polymerizable ester compound (2) having a residue of a hydrolysate of ?-oryzanol (A) and having no ring structures, and a polymerizable ester compound (3) having a residue of a hydrogenated product of ?-oryzanol.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an optical compensation film that allows superior phase difference between a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer and excellent wavelength dispersibility in terms of front and inclined retardation of liquid crystal layers in liquid crystal cells, a polarizing plate containing the optical compensation film, and a liquid-crystal display device that can display superior images with less color change due to the polarizing plate. In order to attain the object, an optical compensation film etc. is provided that comprises at least a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer, wherein the first optically anisotropic layer satisfies at least one of the following Equations (i) to (iii): 1?Re1450)(0°)/Re1650)(0°)?1.25:??Equation (i) 1?Re1450)(40°)/Re1650)(40°)?1.25:??Equation (ii) 1?Re1450)(?40°)/Re1650)(?40°)?1.25:??Equation (iii).

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid crystal display with improved contrast ratio, switching performance, reflectivity at the Dmin state and structural integrity, and methods for its manufacture. The liquid crystal display of the present invention comprises microcups as display cells, wherein the microcups are formed from a microcup composition and filled with a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A flat panel display and a method of fabricating a flat panel display is provided. The flat panel display includes a first plate, a second plate facing the first plate, a pattern spacer formed between the first and the second plates, and an adhesion promoter disposed overlapping the pattern spacer to improve an adhesive strength of the first and the second plates.

Abstract: A distance between a liquid crystal display panel set on a lower support mechanism and a front window set on an upper support mechanism is accurately determined by a stopper. An ultraviolet irradiation mask is provided on the front window. A part of the ultraviolet curable resin corresponding to a transmission pattern of the ultraviolet irradiation mask is temporarily cured through ultraviolet irradiation. The temporarily adhered structure of the liquid crystal display panel and the front window is taken from an attachment device to be left standing for a predetermined time period on a tray until an area and a thickness of the ultraviolet curable resin reach respective predetermined values. The ultraviolet light is then irradiated to an entire surface of the ultraviolet curable resin to finalize the adhesion. The time for which the attachment device is occupied is short, thus improving an operation rate of the device.

Abstract: An antireflection film comprising: a transparent plastic film substrate; a hard coat layer; and a low refractive layer, in this order, wherein the low refractive layer is formed by a curable composition comprising: (a) an inorganic fine particle; (b) at least one of a cationic polymerizable compound having a silyl group within the molecule; a hydrolysate of the compound; and a partial condensate of the compound; and (c) a photo-cationic polymerization initiator.

Abstract: An adhesive film used for bonding a semiconductor component or a liquid crystal display component with a substrate, the adhesive film being composed of a resin composition containing a curable resin and a filler, and the adhesive film showing a water vapor transmission rate of 30 [g/m2·24 h] or above, wherein the curable resin preferably contains photo-curable resin, thermosetting resin, or curable resin cured both by light and heat. The filler preferably contains a porous filler, the filler preferably has a mean void diameter of 0.1 to 5 nm, and the adhesive film preferably shows a water vapor transmission rate at 25° C. of 4 [g/m2·24 h] or above.

Abstract: Provided herein is a pressure sensitive adhesive for an optical film comprising: 100 parts by weight of a (meth)acrylic-based polymer (A) including an alkyl (meth)acrylate (a1) and a (meth)acrylic-based monomer containing a hydroxyl group (a2), as a copolymerizable component, in content in the range of from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the alkyl (meth)acrylate (a1); 0.02 to 2 parts by weight of a peroxide (B); and 0.001 to 2 parts by weight of an isocyanate-based compound (C), the contents of the peroxide (B) and the isocyanate-based compound (C) being values relative to 100 parts by weight of the (meth)acrylic-based polymer (A).

Abstract: A transparent conductive film of the present invention comprises: a transparent film substrate; a hard-coating layer provided on one side of the transparent film substrate; and a transparent conductive thin layer provided on another side of the transparent film substrate, wherein the hard-coating layer is made from a material containing a urethane acrylate, a polyol (meth)acrylate and a (meth)acrylic polymer having an alkyl group containing two or more hydroxyl groups. The transparent conductive film of the present invention has good scratch resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an Ag alloy film. Particularly, it is preferably used as a reflective film or semi-transmissive reflective film for an optical information recording medium having high thermal conductivity/high reflectance/high durability in the field of optical information recording media, an electromagnetic-shielding film excellent in Ag aggregation resistance, and an optical reflective film on the back of a reflection type liquid crystal display device, or the like. The Ag alloy film of the present invention comprises an Ag base alloy containing Bi and/or Sb in a total amount of 0.005 to 10% (in terms of at %). Further, the present invention relates to a sputtering target used for the deposition of such an Ag alloy film.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical member for use in liquid crystal displays, which can correct the light path and can minimize the loss of light, so that light in a wider angular range can be collected forwards. Even when a distance between the optical member and a light source is shortened, the optical member can exhibit good hiding performance and prevent deformation caused by heat. Upon expansion and shrinkage, the optical member is not scratched and does not generate noise at a portion in contact with a support pin.

Abstract: A conductive polymer having a high carrier transport ability, a conductive layer formed using the conductive polymer, an electronic device provided with the conductive layer having a high reliability, and electronic equipment provided with such an electronic device are provided. The conductive polymer includes a linear main chain, a plurality of carrier transport structures which contribute to carrier transport and each of which is represented by the following formula (1), and a linking structure which branches off from the main chain to link each of the carrier transport structures to the main chain: General Formula (1) where each R1 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, and the R1s are the same or different.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions of display cell structure and electrode protecting layers for improving the performance of display devices. The composition comprises a polar oligomeric or polymeric material having a glass transition temperature below about 100° C., and the resulting display cells or electrode protecting layer have an average crosslinking density of below about 1 crosslink point per 80 Dalton molecular weight.

Abstract: The pressure-sensitive adhesive composition of the invention includes a base polymer; and amphiphilic molecule particles that have an aggregate structure of amphiphilic molecules having hydrophilic group and hydrophobic group in the same molecule. The pressure-sensitive adhesive has stable adhesive characteristics and can be reduced in adhesive strength in a desired manner depending on how it is to be used.

Abstract: Provision of a transparent adhesive sheet for flat panel display, which has superior light resistance. A transparent adhesive sheet for flat panel display, which contains a polyoxyalkylene based polymer as a main component, and a hindered amine based light stabilizer represented by the formula (I): wherein R is an alkyl group or an alkylcarbonyl group, and R? is a hydrogen atom or an organic group bonded to the 4-position of a piperidyl group via oxygen or nitrogen. Preferably, a transparent adhesive sheet for flat panel display, which is made of a cured product of a composition containing components A-D below: A: a polyoxyalkylene based polymer having at least one alkenyl group in each molecule B: a compound having an average of two or more hydrosilyl groups in each molecule C: a hydrosilylation catalyst, and D: a hindered amine based light stabilizer of the formula (I) above.

Abstract: The photocurable composition for a sealant of the present invention includes a compound represented by general formula (1): A1-Y1—B1—Y2-A2??(1) (wherein A1 and A2 each represents, independently, a monovalent group having a cyclic ?-electron conjugated structure; Y1 and Y2 each represents, independently, a divalent group represented by general formula (4); and B1 represents (i) a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group, (ii) a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, (iii) a divalent heterocyclic group, (iv) a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or (v) a divalent group in which two or more group selected from the group consisting of a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, a divalent heterocyclic group, a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, an ether group, a thioether group, and a SO2 group are linked).

Abstract: There is provided a novel composition for an alignment film having excellent adhesiveness to a liquid crystal layer as well as to a substrate when a cycloolefin-based aligned film (COP) is used as the substrate instead of triacetyl cellulose (TAC) that is used as a conventional substrate for an optical film whose optical properties are significantly deteriorated when it is used under hot and humid environments. The composition for an alignment film that is used for splay alignment includes polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); 13 to 25% by weight of an aery late monomer based on the weight of the polyvinyl alcohol; 20 to 30 % by weight of a compatibilizing agent based on the weight of the acrylate monomer; and 10 to 50% by weight of an aqueous photo initiator based on the weight of the acrylate monomer.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive tape having pressure-sensitive adhesive layers on a top side and a bottom side, and a carrier film between the adhesive layers, wherein there is a white coating layer at least between the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the top side and the carrier film and there is a metallic layer at least between the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the bottom side and the carrier film. The pressure-sensitive adhesive tape is useful to bonding parts of optical liquid crystal displays. Optical liquid crystal displays containing the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape are also disclosed.

Abstract: A photo-sensitive adhesive for a flexible liquid crystal display is provided, comprising the following components: an urethane oligomer; a reactive monomer with phenyl group; and a photo-initiator. In an embodiment, the phenyl group of the reactive monomer has a weight ratio of 40 wt %, base on the total weight of the reactive monomer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal-containing composition and a liquid crystal display device including the same, the liquid crystal-containing composition including a cholesteric liquid crystal and microcapsules containing the cholesteric liquid crystal, and having a wall component comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of polyurethane and polyurea, the wall component further including a first isocyanurate component having a cyclo ring structure and a second isocyanate component other than the first isocyanurate component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photovoltaic insulating glazing comprising a multi-layer glazing with a photovoltaic module. The glazing is further characterized in that two contact strips for contacting the photovoltaic module are led out from an intermediate space between the glass layers and a spacer spaces the glass layers apart, thereby forming the intermediate space.

Abstract: A liquid crystal sealing material comprising (a) a radiation curable resin represented by the general formula (1) below, (b) a photopolymerization initiator and (c) a filler having an average particle diameter of not more than 3 ?m. (In the formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R2 may be the same or different and represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a monovalent linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1-10 carbon atoms; m represents an integer of 1-4; R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R4 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms; 1 represents a range of positive numbers from 1 to 5; and the repeating unit number n represents a range of positive numbers from 0 to 20.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator assembly includes a sensor layer made from an electro-optic modulator material that comprises liquid crystal droplets encapsulated within a polymer matrix. The sensor layer material comprises an interfacial agent, for example a defoaming agent, in an amount sufficient to lower an intrinsic operating voltage at which the sensor layer transmits light. The defoaming agent can comprise from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight of the electro-optic modulator material, and the defoaming agent may comprise a reactive component to react with the polymer matrix, for example at least one of a siloxane with a reactive end group, a reactive fluorinated polymer or a non-ionic block copolymer to react with the polymer matrix. The assembly can also include a hard coating layer to protect the sensor layer.