Abstract: This application discloses adhesive webs and their production. The thermally adhesive webs of this application are comprised of substantially parallel fusible polymeric filaments thermally bonded to and interconnected by randomly arranged polymeric fibers. The web may be comprised of co-, ter-, or higher polyesters or polyamides, such as a terpolymer or nylon 6, 66 and 12. The parallel filaments may comprise about 20 to 80% by weight of the web and the interconnecting fibers 80 to 20% of the web, with the weight of the web being about 10 g/m.sup.2 to below about 80 g/m.sup.2. The web may be in the form of a tape.

Abstract: Network preforms for battery grids are prepared from cross-lapped assemblages of spaced bundles of inorganic filaments which are bonded at crossover points.

Abstract: A textile material for use in connection with a carrier includes a non-woven fibrous layer which has an irregular surface, and a plurality of separate, round, fiber aggregates, each composed of substantially spherically intermingled fibers. A multiplicity of connecting fibers connects the fiber aggregates to one another.

Abstract: A flexible sheet material particularly suitable as a backing for coated abrasive products and method of making same are described. The flexible sheet material is of that type employing a straight warp fabric. The yarns of the straight warp fabric are coated and at least partially impregnated with a flexible polymeric material, such as polyvinyl alcohol, having thereover an intermediate filling coat of a phenol formaldehyde resin/latex and an outer filling coat of phenol formaldehyde resin. Alternatively, the straight warp fabric includes a penetrating base coating of flexible polymeric material and thereover a backfilling including approximately equal parts by weight of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate dispersed in a flexible synthetic polymeric resin which backfilling fills the interstices and encapsulates the yarns of one of the yarn arrays that form the straight warp fabric. The straight warp fabric may include a non-woven web located between adjacent arrays of warp and weft yarns.

Abstract: Conventional heat stretching and/or setting conditions for fabrics made of heat sensitive thermoplastic yarns such as polyester, and even special techniques advanced in prior patents, have been found in adequate to produce coated abrasives with sufficient elongation resistance for some very heavy duty service. A superior alternative is provided by encasing the yarns in the backing in a thermosetting adhesive and then curing it while mechanically restraining the yarns from shrinking, as they would under the temperature conditions employed for cure if no restraint were used. The method is also applicable to other types of yarn reinforced web materials for which a combination of elongation resistance and flexibility is needed.

Abstract: A closure of reinforced elastomeric material having layers or plies of reinforcing means bonded or secured to one or more reinforcing members in the outer periphery of the closure wherein each layer or ply of reinforcing means is comprised of a plurality of strips of fabric, at least one strip of fabric having the ends wrapped and secured about one or more reinforcing members in the outer periphery and covering the center of the closure or diaphragm and the remaining strips of fabric having each end thereof wrapped and secured about one or more reinforcing members in the outer periphery and extending along lines which are chords of a circle formed by a reinforcing member such that the closure of diaphragm has each area thereof reinforced by at least one strip of fabric.

Abstract: The invention provides a laminate or sandwich suitable for structural purposes and which comprises a lightweight foam core having bonded on one or both sides a lightweight structural skin. More particularly the structural skin adapted to be bonded to the foam core to form the laminate or sandwich construction comprises a composite of resin and monofilaments. This structural skin is characterized in that these monofilaments are laid to extend along the skin without directional change relative to the extent of the skin. The monofilaments are at least 10 cm in length and are neither crimped nor woven. Within the composite forming the structural skin the ratio of resin to monofilament is ess than 2:1 by weight.

Abstract: A composite base structure (70) and end fitting (26) are secured together by a composite joint to form a graphite-epoxy composite nacelle diagonal strut (20). The elongated base structure (70) has a wall (72) formed of a cured epoxy reinforced with layers of graphite fibers (100, 102, 104, 106) extending in elongated and transverse directions. The layers of fibers in the elongated direction (100, 104) and transverse direction (102, 106) extend onto a large diameter end (52) of a conical end portion (46) of an end fitting (26) and terminate on the conical portion adjacent a small diameter end (60). The layers of the elongated and transverse fibers (100, 102, 104, 106) are interlayered with layers (110, 112, 114, 116, 118) of graphite fibers generally circumferentially wrapped on the conical portion (46), the layers on the conical portion being impregnated with the cured epoxy.

Abstract: A support net is covered on each side with a carrier web having an external metal IR-reflecting coating and superposed thereon a protective coating which is substantially transparent to infrared radiation. The metal coatings and the protective coatings are thin enough to be substantially permeable to water vapor. The support net carries the load and allows water vapor to pass through because of its open net-like structure.

Abstract: An integrated reticulate structure comprising interconnected criss-crossing arrays of continuous or discontinuous filaments. The arrays are located in different layers and are mutually connected by flexible, generally strip-shaped links. Each link is integral with a filament in one array and with a filament in another array.A method of manufacturing an integrated reticulate structure commencing by extruding a sheet in form of an adhesively connected assembly of one or more films and one or more arrays of ribs extending from at least one surface of each such film. To enable a formation of thin ribs and of a close spacing of the ribs there is preferably further coextruded a separating component between the ribs.

Abstract: A varied thickness laminate or panel (92, 128) is fabricated by polar winding incomplete lamina or plies (54, 146, 148) on a mandrel (10, 110, 130) at selected angles. The plies (54) are wound at crossing angles, first one layer (60) at one angle and then a second layer (64) at a second angle. At the most remote crossing point from a wide starting end (32), a V (66) is formed between the crossing plies (60, 64) and in the space (62) formed by the V (66), no plies extend on the mandrel side (30). Thus, the winding on each side (30) is incomplete, a space (62) between successive V's (66, 154, 164, 174) being skipped by steps of the crossing plies. The first V (66) starts a taper from wide starting end (32) to narrow other end (34). Successive plies are wound around the mandrel from the polar ends (48, 50, 134), each successive set forming a V so as to thicken the windings in steps formed by the V's.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-woven reinforcements for resinous composite. The reinforcements are constructed with warps consisting of non-twist yarns or soft twist yarns of multi-filament having a high strength and a high modulus on one or both sides of wefts of non-twist yarns of soft twist yarns containing adhesive agent, in which the warps and the wefts are bonded at intersections thereof.As the reinforcement of the present invention has no flexure different from a woven fabric, fiber's physical property such as a high strength, a high modulus and the like is reflected faultlessly on the composite using the reinforcement.In the reinforcement warp is not substantially restrained, so that matrix resin can be impregnated sufficiently into the reinforcement.Further, because the warps and wefts are bonded at intersections by adhesion, the reinforcement is much easier to be handled without deformation or falling off especially after cutting than the case of a woven fabric.

Abstract: A sailcloth comprising a laminate of a continuous sheet of synthetic resin bonded to an unwoven, warp knit scrim and, optionally, coated on the exposed side of the warp knit scrim with a synthetic resin.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing novel multidirectional fiber arrays wherein graphite, glass or other fibers, in unidirectional arrays, are interconnected with polymer fibers. Production is accomplished by mechanical agitation of these unidirectional arrays in cooling polymer solutions. The interconnected material may subsequently be layered, impregnated with resin and laminated to yield unidirectional fiber/resin/polymer fiber composites.

Abstract: Multi-layer fibrous sheet laminate having layers with criss-crossing predominate grain directions, each layer being a three-dimensional reticulate structure of polymer fibers precipitated in situ from a polymer solution in a solvent or swelling agent therefor. The layers are produced by extrusion from a slot onto a collecting surface moving away from the slot to impart the predominate grain direction thereto and the laminate can be produced in a single extrusion operation utilizing two sequentially arranged circular extrusion slots with a common tubular collecting surface while rotating such extrusion slots in different relative directions.

Abstract: An insulative fabric generally comprises a central sheet of breathable, substantially crinkle-free, pliant, aluminized polymeric film and spaced layers of hollow, microtubular, filamentous synthetic insulation sandwiching the film. The polymeric film has sufficient tensile strength for use as a quilting fabric in quilts, comforters, or clothing, and its tensile strength may be enhanced by use of a scrim backing sheet placed directly adjacent the film. The spaced layers of synthetic insulation are individually needle-punched through the film to reduce the overall thickness of the insulation without substantially reducing the insulative capacity of the fabric and to provide passageways through the film so that the film is breathable. In this manner, the fabric has a soft, fleecy quality, is of a substantially uniform thickness, and is substantially noiseless when folded or wrinkled.

Abstract: A fabric having anti-static properties being formed from a first woven layer of polymeric fabric, a second woven layer of polymeric fabric which contains spaced threads of staple metal fibres and an intermediate layer positioned between the first and second layers to form a moisture barrier. In its most preferred form the woven polymeric fabric is formed of woven polypropylene and the spaced threads of staple metal fibres are formed of staple stainless steel fibres carried on a central core of a synthetic material. The fabric is of particular use in the manufacture of intermediate bulk containers where it is believed is advantageous in permitting corona discharge at a very low voltage of static electricity thereby preventing any dangerous build-up of voltage which subsequently is discharged by a spark.

Abstract: An endless spring is an elastic body such as an oval or elongated or circular ring body for the transmission of loads in a main plane substantially centrally through the endless or ring body. Such a main plane extends in the plane of the drawing. The ring body is made up of a plurality of winding layers of fiber reinforced synthetic material. The windings in certain central body layers (2) preferably extend unidirectionally and the fibers in intermediate layers (3) and in outer layers extend at an angle relative to a main load application direction. The whole spring body includes a plurality of intermediate layers (3) and a plurality of outer layers (4) of synthetic resin impregnated fabric plies. The central body layers (2) form a winding body.

Abstract: A perforated drainpipe in which at least one sheet comprised of polymeric material is shaped in generally tubular configuration with adjacent edges thereof being slightly spaced apart to define therebetween a gap extending along the tubular sheet, and at least one ribbon comprised of polymeric material, which can be the same or different as that in the tubular sheet, helically wound around the tubular sheet, preferably by extrusion, and integrally bonded thereto so as to reinforce the same and maintain the shape of the same. The sheet or sheets can extend longitudinally, being bent or curved width-wise so as to have such tubular shape, with the gap extending longitudinally.

Abstract: The invention relates to an energy-absorbing laminate with improved torsion strength, particularly a ski, comprising a rigid core which is covered on at least part of its plane surfaces with a grid structure (2). The grid structure comprises a number of series of parallel elastomer strips (4, 5) which are reinforced with twisted filament bundles (3) running in the longitudinal direction of the strips. The series of strips intersect each other at an angle .alpha. between 10.degree. and 120.degree. and are bonded to one another in the common contact areas (6).

Abstract: A structural fabric of high torsion resistance and stiffness is provided. The fabric is a three-layered double biased fabric, the first layer being comprised of parallel structural fibers biased from the longitudinal center line of the fabric, the middle layer being comprised of parallel structural fibers of twice the weight of the fibers of the first layer and aligned at an angle of 90.degree. to those of the first layer and a third layer of parallel structural fibers of the same weight as those of the first layer and aligned at 90.degree. to those of the second layer. The fibers and layers may be held in place and affixed by use of secondary knitted or sewn yarns or threads, and the entire fabric may be saturated with a curable resin.

Abstract: A scrim fabric for use in a mattress to isolate the springs from the matting or foam which is placed under the mattress cover. The scrim fabric has a larger warp end count in the middle third of the fabric to support the heavy portion of the body when the scrim fabric is employed in the mattress.

Abstract: A membrane of fiberglass-reinforced polyester resin is used as a traffica cover over a compacted backfilled crater and crushed stone base to impart strength to the repair and prevent foreign object damage to aircraft. The membrane cover is usually prefabricated from several fiberglass matting layers of chopped fiberglass strands chemically bonded to woven fiberglass roving and impregnated with a polyester resin; an anchoring system consisting of holes along the cover perimeter and torque set rock bolts are used in conjunction with special steel bushings to secure the cover to airfield pavement surrounding the crater.

Abstract: A carrier membrane supports area covering solar cells and, preferably, is used for energy supply on a spacecraft. The membrane is stretched in a frame between two opposite sides and consists of plastic sheeting covered by a fiber-reinforced plastic fabric. To save weight, prevent insulation problems and thereby increase service reliability, the fabric is made of plastic reinforced with aromatic polyamide fibers in the form of woven crossing bands. The bands extend in the direction in which the membrane is stretched and transversely of the stretched direction.

Abstract: Yarn arrays bonded with selected adhesives give coated abrasive products with reduced elongation under stress. Best results are obtained using epoxy resins with dicyandiamide, blocked isocyanates and/or imidazole curing agents as saturants for the yarn arrays.

Abstract: A structural laminate comprises at least one planar facing sheet with a rigid foam attached to one surface of the facing sheet. The rigid foam may be any polymeric material which is capable of being foamed. Distributed substantially evenly throughout the foam is a mat of long glass fibers arranged in layers substantially parallel to the facing sheet. The process for producing this structural laminate comprises the steps of contacting a thin, substantially incompressible yet expansible mat of long glass fibers with a foam-forming mixture, positioning a facing sheet on each face of the mat, and passing the facing sheets having the mat and the foam-forming mixture therebetween through means for metering the amount of foam-forming mixture and causing it to fully penetrate between the fibers of said glass mat.

Abstract: A multiple laminate comprises at least one laminate which is tapered at one or both ends to provide a laminate joint structure having a coupling tensile strength greater than the laminate interlaminar shear strength. The laminate joint structure contains at least one tapered laminate ply support structure containing continuous filament strands oriented parallel to the coupling load direction. The tubular laminate form of the tapered end laminate joint structure finds particular application to mechanically joined structures such as pipe and trusses.The method and apparatus for making the laminate in the form of a desired composite structure comprises winding a first ply of circumferentially oriented continuous filament strands upon a mandrel and forming the ends of the first ply to have sufficient thickness to provide an inwardly tapered conical shaped exterior surface.

Abstract: A closure of reinforced elastomeric material having layers or plies of reinforcing means bonded or secured to one or more reinforcing members in the outer periphery of the closure wherein each layer or ply of reinforcing means is comprised of a plurality of strips of fabric, each strip being angularly located with respect to another in the same layer or ply and with respect to another in an adjacent layer ply.

Abstract: Method and means for producing an erosion control blanket formed from wood wool fibres retained in a coherent structure with a biodegradable mesh to be secured on a soil surface to ameliorate erosion of that surface and provide a basis for plant regrowth which will subsequently bind the soil surface.

Abstract: An orthopedic traction harness which engages the skin around the limb to be put in traction. The traction harness comprises an inner, circumferentially adjustable, laminated traction band having an outer layer of a compressible sponge material, a central layer of a flexible unidirectional stretch mesh and an inner layer of another compressible sponge material, and an outer, variable pneumatic pressure cuff including a flexible air bladder inside an adjustable containment cuff having a squeeze bulb and a pressure indicator.

Abstract: A structural laminate comprises at least one planar facing sheet with a rigid foam attached to one surface of the facing sheet. The rigid foam may be any polymeric material which is capable of being foamed. Distributed substantially evenly throughout the foam is a mat of long glass fibers arranged in layers substantially parallel to the facing sheet. The process for producing this structural laminate comprises the steps of contacting a thin, substantially incompressible yet expansible mat of long glass fibers with a foam-forming mixture, positioning a facing sheet on each face of the mat, and passing the facing sheets having the mat and the foam-forming mixture therebetween through means for metering the amount of foam-forming mixture and causing it to fully penetrate between the fibers of said glass mat.

Abstract: A diffusion membrane unit comprising: in a first embodiment, a planar arrangement of parallel separate capillary membrane tubes and junction lines of adhesive material extending continuously across said parallel membrane tubes and continuously along the entire length of said arrangement; and in a second embodiment a plurality of planar single-layered arrays of parallel capillaries defining out of phase sinuous paths.

Abstract: Insulation material includes a fibrous material and a low conductivity gas sealed within a casing made from one or more heat sealable laminate sheets. The fibrous material is partially secured to the inner surface of the casing with adhesive means. The laminate sheets each comprise at least two thermoplastic films reinforced longitudinally with glass fibers comprising at least 2% by volume of the thermoplastic films. The films are bonded together orthogonally so as to produce a biaxially reinforced sheet. One or more ductile low conductivity abrasion resistant thin metallic films are deposited over substantially all of one or both sides of the biaxially reinforced sheets.

Abstract: A substantially light-impervious laminate material is provided. In one embodiment, the material includes a first relatively light-reflective (white) polyvinyl chloride sheet, an open scrim sheet, a second relatively light-reflective (white) polyvinyl chloride sheet, and a relatively light-absorbtive (black) bonding agent permeating the scrim sheet and binding together the first sheet, the second sheet and the scrim sheet. Preferably this bonding agent contains aluminum pigment and carbon black pigment.A method of continuously making this laminate material is also provided. The laminate is made by twice coating the underside of the top laminate sheet with the bonding agent, pressing the scrim sheet against the bonding agent and top sheet underside, stripping the scrim sheet from the top sheet underside, and re-pressing the scrim sheet against the top sheet underside. Next, the top sheet, bonding agent and scrim sheet are heated, and a hot bottom sheet is pressed against the hot scrim sheet.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fabric structure for fiber reinforced plastics, which comprises at least two yarn groups composed of straight reinforcing filamentary yarns composed of carbon fibers being free of bends and gathered in one direction in the form resembling a sheet, wherein the yarn groups are integrated with each other by auxiliary filamentary yarns so that the sheet-like faces of the yarn groups are made to confront each other and reinforcing filamentary yarns of one yarn group intersect reinforcing filamentary yarns of the other yarn group, and the auxiliary filamentary yarns have a higher elongation at break than that of the reinforcing filamentary yarns.

Abstract: A carbon fibre reinforced carbon article is prepared by wrapping carbon fibre cloth around a carbon fibre reinforced carbon core and then depositing elemental carbon on the core and in the cloth to bond the cloth to the core, leaving substantial interstices in the covering layer of cloth.

Abstract: A reinforced structural casting comprises a cementitious material having a unitary reinforcement of consolidated, collimated or other generally unidirectionally aligned or woven graphite or carbon fibers, sometimes carried in a preformed resin binder, the graphite or carbon fibers preferably being in the range of about 7-12 microns in diameter and having moduli of elasticity in the range of 20-100 million psi. It may, for example, be a concrete beam reinforced by a rod-like preform of graphite fibers.

Abstract: A sheeting of multilayer antidrumming lining material, viz. a film containing bitumen or plastic, or a combination film containing bitumen and plastic, which is backed with a wide-meshed fabric having a high tensile strength. This high-tensile fabric backing prevents the antidrumming film, on the one hand, from cracking and, on the other, it holds it even when in a plasticized condition on the upper edge of a steeply inclined or vertical sheet metal component, so that the piece of antidrumming film hanging thereon cannot slide off. Also, due to the backing fabric, the film does not flap away outwardly and upwardly in the area where a steep descent starts. Finally, the tensile strength of the plasticized film is increased such that it cannot crack under the influence of gravity in the area of vertical sides.

Abstract: An article which has utility as a surface covering for materials such as resilient flooring, furniture, walls, ceilings, counter tops and the like is produced by aligning and embedding a plurality of hollow fibers or metallic fibers on or near the surface of a translucent medium. The article is typically in the form of a film, sheet, or board.

Abstract: An especially high strength, high temperature, economical material useful for insulation is preferably made by making up a mix having the following proportions in parts by weight: 20-50 parts expanded perlite; 0.5-4 parts sodium fluosilicate; 0.2-5 parts fiber material; a water solution having 9.5-19 parts total of solids content of sodium or potassium silicate; 2-9 parts zinc oxide; and water which, along with the water in the sodium silicate solution totals 21.5-67 parts; thereafter storing the mix under cover for less than 21/2 hours, compressing or blowing the mix to a desired form, and curing and drying it by heating.

Abstract: An outer thread layer, which forms a predetermined pattern from a plurality of endless threads, is connected to a carrier by attaching portions of at least some of the threads to the carrier.

Abstract: A pneumatic vehicle tire having an internal device to impart run-flat capability is described, the device being comprised of an outer ring member for rotational support when operating in the run-flat condition, and an inner support for the ring which is highly flexible before insertion within the tire and which becomes fixed and less flexible after insertion. In preferred aspects the ring is essentially a highly flexible porous body made up of successive circumferential windings of elastomer-coated filamentary material, and the support is a structure made up of a plurality of hinged bracing elements which move into a fixed position after insertion of the device within the tire.

Abstract: A bonded mat which can be stretched over projections without excessive thinning out and which permits fiber loadings of greater than 25 percent by volume. The mat includes directionally oriented strands held together by swirled strands or randomly oriented fibers, and all of which are permanently held together by a binder.

Abstract: A laminated structure for use in wall construction is disclosed which comprises a rigid support and an integrally self-lined textile material having a front surface and a rear surface and adhesively bonded on its rear surface to the rigid support. The textile material comprises, in one embodiment, (i) a nonwoven spun fibrous batting constituting the rear surface of the textile material and capable of being stitched-through without substantial loss of strength by knitting thread; (ii) a layer of filling disposed upon the batting; (iii) one or more warp elements disposed upon the filling so as to constitute the front surface of the textile material; and (iv) a single system of knitting thread wales, each wale comprising a multiplicity of warpwise looped stitch courses which engage and hold together the batting, filling and warp elements into an integrated unitary textile structure.

Abstract: A pneumatic run-flat insert for a pneumatic tire is provided with circumferential sections having different radii. During vehicle operation in a run-flat condition the different insert radii cause a vibratory disturbance at a wheel axle that alerts the driver of the existence of a run-flat condition or an abnormally low-pressure condition in the tire. During normal driving conditions there is clearance between the insert and the tire liner and no warning vibrations will occur in the wheel axle.In various embodiments of the invention the different insert radii correspond to two or more ply sections in an insert ply having different cord angles. A relatively high cord angle ply section will furnish a relatively larger radius than the ply section with a relatively low cord angle.

Abstract: A composite structure is fabricated from fiber-reinforced tape, segments of the tape being stacked one upon another so as to form a plurality of plies. A boron fiber is positioned adjacent to or along an edge of each of the tape segments. Because of the X-ray opacity of the boron fiber's tungsten boride core and because the boron fiber will break when a ply is damaged, damage to the composite structure can be detected by radiographic examination.

Abstract: A reinforcement strip for an elastomeric material article such as belting or hose comprising a multiplicity of mutually parallel substantially untwisted filaments which are impregnated such that substantially every filament is coated by a matrix material providing a peel strength between filaments of at least 3.15 KN/m. The matrix material may be a plastisol e.g. pvc (polyvinyl chloride) and dry bonding agents are preferably incorporated. Belting and a method of manufacture are included in the invention.

Abstract: A non-woven product of (1) a fleece layer with (2) sticking yarns arranged longitudinally in parallel at definite pitches and (3) a number of lines formed with short fibers of the fleece layer joined with filaments of an adhesive polymer adhering crosswise to the sticking yarns at parts where said filaments have been allocated on the surface of said fleece layer, is prepared by placing the fleece layer upon a warp layer composed of a number of yarns arranged flat in parallel at definite pitches into a definite width whose arrangement is fixed by laterally adhering a number of filaments of the adhesive polymer to said yarns and making the warp layer adhere to the fleece layer.

Abstract: A hot pressed composite structure, and method of making same are provided, wherein such structure is reinforced in three X, Y, and Z directions and comprises a matrix material, a plurality of straight elongate rigid reinforcing members embedded in the matrix material in spaced parallel relation and each disposed with its elongate dimension parallel to one of the above-mentioned directions, and a plurality of substantially straight elongate rigid reinforcing members embedded in the matrix material each with its elongate dimension disposed substantially along an associated one of the remaining two of the directions.

Abstract: A fire-retardant sheet comprising superposed layers including a plastic material with a metal foil on one side and a further plastic sheet or layer laminated thereto with the interposition of a wire mesh.