Abstract: Facial tissue is rendered resistant to water penetration while retaining softness by treating the fibers with a sizing agent prior to forming the sheet, or topically after the sheet is formed. The resulting tissue prevents the user's hands from becoming wetted during nose care.

Abstract: Disclosed are adhesive formulations as creping process aids for producing an absorbent creped cellulosic sheet having a high level of surface-perceived softness that comprises continuously forming a web of cellulosic papermaking fibers, adhering said web to a thermal drying means by means of adhesive compositions comprising polymers having at least one primary or secondary amine group in the backbone such as chitosan, polyvinylamine, polyvinyl alcohol-vinyl amine and polyaminoamide in combination with crosslinking agents such as dialdehydes or zirconium compounds having a valence of plus four including ammonium zirconium carbonate, zirconium acetylacetonate, zirconium acetate, zirconium carbonate, zirconium sulfate, zirconium phosphate, potassium zirconium carbonate, zirconium sodium phosphate and sodium zirconium tartrate and creping said treated web from said thermal drying means.

Abstract: On both the sides of sheet S1 which is a crepe paper processed by crinkling process and has a low expansion ratio due to the spread of crinkles on liquid impregnation or which is a non-crinkle-processed paper with no expansion, is bonded sheet S2 which is processed by crinkling process and has a higher expansion ratio than the expansion ratio of the sheet S1 due to the spread of crinkles on liquid impregnation. The sheet S1 and the sheet S2 are partially bonded together at each of adhesive parts a, . . . , a with an angle to the direction of the extension of the crinkles formed on the sheet S2. The row of the aligned adhesive parts a, . . . , a is arranged and aligned at a given interval and in a manner parallel to each other. When the individual sheets S1 and S2 are impregnated with liquid chemicals, expansions B are formed between the rows A, A of the adhesive parts a, . . . , a, of sheets S2 owing to the difference in expansion ratio between the sheets S1 and S2.

Abstract: Absorbent articles containing absorbent cores of fluff pulp frequently contain wrinkles in the absorbent core that run from side to side of the article, typically normal to the machine direction in the manufacturing process. Side-to-side wrinkles are deleterious in that they provide large flow channels for urine or other body fluids to escape to the edge of the article. Frequently, such wrinkles are present after manufacturing, before the article has been folded or worn. The cause of the wrinkles is believed to be due to natural instabilities during compression of the fluff pad shortly after it is formed. Means for reducing cross-directional wrinkles include the use of grooved, drilled, or patterned compression rolls to densify the fluff pulp while providing opportunities for reduced in-plane displacement during compression or, if in-plane displacement does occur, providing paths for cross-directional displacement as well as machine-direction displacement so that continuous CD wrinkles cannot form.

Abstract: A packaging material comprising a plurality of cushioning members for cushioning an article in a container is provided. The cushioning members being formed by crumpling a flexible sheet of material into a globular configuration having a plurality of random folds, a plurality of random engaged portions, and a plurality of voids. The sheet of material has an upper surface and a lower surface with at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface having a bonding material disposed thereon such that at least a portion of the engaged portions are bondably connected thereby increasing the resiliency of the folds.

Abstract: A paper toweling which provides a combination of strength, bulk and absorbency while presenting an attractive appearance. Included are a single ply paper towel having areas of light and heavy embossing perforations which form diamond shaped islands of heavy embossing perforations surrounded by intersecting bands of light bosses.

Abstract: The improved creped non-laminar singular web structure comprising long fibers and short fibers demonstrated by high TWA and Z peeling. Creping causes a certain portion of long synthetic fibers and short fibers to substantially be oriented in a predetermined vertical or Z direction across the thickness of the web structure. In particular, when a stratified preparation containing wet stiff CTMP fibers is used, the vertically oriented CTMP fibers increase the total water absorption (TWA) of the web structure without collapsing. The high TWA print/double-creped paper products manufactured from the above web structure are suitable for heavy wipe and dry uses.

Abstract: Disposable paper products, such as paper toweling, are provided with an indicator means which is disposed on said disposable paper product in a discontinuous or combination discontinuous/continuous pattern. The indicator means gives a visually recognizable signal to a user that desirable properties of the disposable paper product are maintained, even after the disposable paper product has become wetted with a substantially transparent aqueous liquid. The wet gray scale difference for the disposable paper product of the present invention is at least about 64 gray scale units when the disposable paper product is wetted with a substantially transparent aqueous liquid.

Abstract: The perceived softness of embossed tissue can be increased greatly while avoiding nesting when a particular pattern is embossed into the tissue. This pattern combines relatively shallow stitchlike bosses with deeper more sharply defined signature bosses. The stitchlike bosses can be rounded and arranged in wavy flowing intersecting lines. The signature bosses can be arranged in regions framed by the intersecting wavy flowing lines.

Abstract: A one-ply paper tissue product and a method of making a one-ply paper product combining high strength and softness along with low sidedness. The paper tissue product exhibits a sidedness parameter of less than 0.3 preferably, less than 0.225, a tensile modulus of no more than 32 grams/percent strain, a GM MMD of no more than about 0.225, and a cross directional strength of at least 200 grams per 3 inches. In stratification tissues, these properties are obtained by control of stratification, particularly, chemical stratification and stratification of furnish when appropriate. The tissue has a sidedness parameter value of less than 0.3, preferably, about 0.15 to about less than 0.225. In homogenous tissue, these properties are obtained by adding a strength enhancing agent to separate furnish sources prior to the funish sources being combined, and further, optionally adding the softener to the nascent web.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wet pressed paper web. The web has a first relatively high density region having a first thickness K, a second relatively low density region having a second thickness P, which is a local maxima, and a third region extending intermediate the first and second regions. The third region includes a transition region having a third thickness T, which is a local minima. The present invention also provides a method of making a wet pressed web. An embryonic web of papermaking fibers is formed on a foraminous forming member, and transferred to an imprinting member to deflect a portion of the papermaking fibers in the embryonic web into deflection conduits in the imprinting member. The web and the imprinting member are then pressed between first and second dewatering felts in a compression nip to further deflect the papermaking fibers into the deflection conduits in the imprinting member and to remove water from both sides of the web.

Abstract: A paper web is disclosed. The paper web includes at least three regions disposed in a nonrandom, repeating pattern. The three regions are distinguishable from each other by at least one property selected from the group consisting of basis weight, density, and fiber composition. The paper web has a relatively high basis weight background portion and decorative indicia. The decorative indicia comprise one or more relatively low basis weight regions.

Abstract: Absorbent articles containing absorbent cores of fluff pulp frequently contain wrinkles in the absorbent core that run from side to side of the article, typically normal to the machine direction in the manufacturing process. Side-to-side wrinkles are deleterious in that they provide large flow channels for urine or other body fluids to escape to the edge of the article. Frequently, such wrinkles are present after manufacturing, before the article has been folded or worn. The cause of the wrinkles is believed to be due to natural instabilities during compression of the fluff pad shortly after it is formed. Means for reducing cross-directional wrinkles include the use of grooved, drilled, or patterned compression rolls to densify the fluff pulp while providing opportunities for reduced in-plane displacement during compression or, if in-plane displacement does occur, providing paths for cross-directional displacement as well as machine-direction displacement so that continuous CD wrinkles cannot form.

Abstract: A paper web and method of making the paper web are disclosed. In one embodiment the paper web includes a continuation relatively thinner region and a plurality of discrete relatively thicker regions. The relatively thicker regions are disposed in the plane of the relatively thinner region. The paper web can have a relatively patterned face and a relatively smooth face. The paper structures can be dried relatively quickly and efficiently, and can provide enchanced absorbency and bulk density while having a relatively smooth face.

Abstract: Casting paper of a desired surface texture or finish for use in the manufacture of artificial leather is produced by heating the polymer coating 1 of a polymer-coated paper 2 to a temperature sufficient to melt the polymer and then cooling the polymer coating from its molten state to a solid state as it passes through a nip between an embossing roll 3 having a surface configuration corresponding to said desired surface texture or finish and a backing roll 4, thereby to impart the surface configuration of the embossing roll to the polymer-coated paper. The polymer is preferably polyolefinic, for example poly (4-methyl-1-pentene) or a polypropylene/polyethylene blend. An anti-curl back-coat, for example of polyvinyl alcohol, can be applied after the embossing operation.

Abstract: On a surface of a decorative paper, vessel perforation of natural wood is reproduced by an offset groove (100) consisting of three steps of embossing grooves (110, 120, 130) of the nesting structure. Respective grooves are such that they are deeper according as positions thereof shift to the internal, and are disposed in a manner to be eccentric in a length direction. Within the groove, a convex bank portion (140) in which the bottom surface is linearly protruded is formed. An embossing plate for processing such an offset groove is prepared on the basis of a vessel cross section pattern inputted by using natural wood. The inputted plane vessel cross section pattern is replaced by an approximate elliptical figure. A three-dimensional virtual vessel perforation model is determined by calculation using the elliptical figure. Equi-depth lines for set predetermined depths are extracted from the three-dimensional model and contour figures of embossing grooves (110, 120, 130) are obtained.

Abstract: A flexible thermal insulation panel in the form of a block of consolidated particulate microporous insulation material enclosed in a porous envelope. The block is bonded to the envelope by compression of the envelope to cause penetration of particles of insulation material at the surface of the block into pores of the envelope. The envelope comprises a stretchable material, at least in part. The consolidated block and the stretchable material of the envelope bonded thereto can be conformed to a non-planar surface with the stretchable material of the envelope remaining bonded to the block.

Abstract: A method of controlling a web of paper forming slurry stationary on a dryer fabric during drying in the drying section of a papermaking machine comprising:forming the dryer fabric of synthetic yarns to be continuous;positioning the dryer fabric about drying drums of the paper drying machine;providing the dryer fabric with an adhesive or tacky support surface and delivering the web onto the adhesive support surface for passage through the dryer section;gripping or securing the web with the adhesive support surface into a relatively fixed and stationary position on the dryer fabric as it is passed about the drums and through the drying section of the paper making machine; andremoving the web from the dryer section.

Abstract: Soft throughdried tissues, which are sufficiently soft to serve as premium bathroom tissues, can be made without the use of a Yankee dryer. The typical Yankee functions of building machine direction and cross-machine direction stretch are replaced by a wet end rush transfer and the throughdrying fabric design, respectively. It is particularly advantageous to form the tissue with chemimechanically treated fibers in at least one layer. The resulting tissues have high bulk (about 6 cubic centimeters per gram or greater) and low stiffness.

Abstract: A napkin is folded so that certain layers include marginal portions which extend beyond the remaining layers. The marginal portions are provided with a deeper embossing pattern than the remaining portions of the napkin to provide enhanced banding and handling of a stack of napkins.

Abstract: A method of coating paper with a paper coating composition having a solids concentration of at least 45% by weight, consisting essentially of an aqueous cationic dispersion of a particulate calcium carbonate pigment and a nonionic or cationic adhesive, wherein the pigment has a particle size distribution such that no more than 1% by weight of the particles have an equivalent spherical diameter larger than 10 microns, at least 65% by weight of the particles have an equivalent spherical diameter smaller than 2 microns and not more than 10% by weight of the particles have an equivalent spherical diameter smaller than 0.25 micron, and wherein said pigment is dispersed with a combination of a cationic polyelectrolyte and an anionic polyelectrolyte, with the amount of cationic polyelectrolyte being in the range of about 0.01% to about 1.5% by weight, based on the weight of the dry pigment, and with the amount of anionic polyelectrolyte being in the range of about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight.

Abstract: A smooth, high density tissue. The tissue has a relatively low caliper, yet maintains visually discernible machine direction micropeaks at a suitable micropeak frequency.

Abstract: A lotion composition for imparting a soft, lubricious, lotion-like feel when applied to tissue paper in amounts as low as from about 5 to about 15% by weight, and tissue paper treated with such lotion compositions are disclosed. The lotion composition comprises plastic or fluid emollient such as petrolatum, or a mixture of petrolatum with alkyl ethoxylate emollient, an immobilizing agent such as a fatty alcohol or fatty acid to immobilize the emoilient on the surface of the tissue paper web and optionally a hydrophilic surfactant to improve wettability when applied to toilet tissue. Because less lotion is required to impart the desired soft, lotion-like feel benefits, detrimental effects on the tensile strength and caliper of the lotioned paper are minimized or avoided.

Abstract: A method of producing a packing product includes the steps of feeding at least one sheet of material in a first direction; cutting the at least one sheet of material into a plurality of strips; the cutting being performed by rotating two sets of alternating, overlapping cutting discs; the feeding of the at least one sheet of material being between the two sets of cutting discs; advancing each of the strips by the rotating of at least an outer surface of a corresponding one of the cutting discs as the outer surface moves in the first direction; restricting each strip from continued advancing in the first direction; and sequentially folding each of the strip means by the restricting in opposition to the advancing. There is included apparatus and means for producing the packing product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a crimp-bonded fibrous cellulosic laminate. The process includes the steps of: 1) providing at least two superposed plies of a fibrous cellulosic material; 2) passing the superposed plies through a crimp roll arrangement including a rotating crimp element and a rotating anvil element; and 3) applying a pressure load against the rotating elements sufficient to crimp bond the fibrous cellulosic material plies into a laminate. The crimp element has protruding members configured in a discontinuous pattern aligned on an axis that is parallel to the cross-machine direction to provide a substantially continuous uniform area of localized surface contacts between the rotating crimp and anvil elements across the width of the plies. Also disclosed is an overall crimp-bonded fibrous cellulosic laminate and an apparatus for crimp-bonding multiple superposed plies of a fibrous cellulosic material.

Abstract: A formed piece comprises a substantially cylindrical outer surface layer of sheet material extending along a longitudinal axis of the formed piece from a first end to a second end of the formed piece, and inner layers of sheet material within the outer surface layer randomly arranged and creating air gaps between at least a portion of the inner layers. The surface layer and inner layers of sheet material are twisted around the longitudinal axis of the formed piece and along the length of the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: Improved method of applying guide markings to a writing surface such as posterboard. The guide markings are visually perceptible at a writing distance away from the posterboard, and substantially imperceptible at a viewing distance away from the--writing surface.

Abstract: High sheet count rolls of spot-embossed, soft bathroom tissue suffer from embossing patterns becoming pressed out by the high winding tension necessary to confine the size of the roll to a diameter of about 5 inches. This size is necessary in order for such high sheet count rolls to fit within the bathroom tissue dispensers found in most households. However, by embossing the tissue between a resilient back-up roll and an engraved embossing roll having short male embossing element heights of only from about 0.005 to about 0.035 inch, the tissue sheet becomes simultaneously calendered, which lowers the sheet caliper (as measured under a compressive load). Because of the resulting lower caliper, the embossed sheet can be wound into the required roll size with less tension on the sheet, such that the embossing pattern for tissue sheets within the roll remains well defined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to biaxially undulatory single-ply and multi-ply tissues, single-ply and multi-ply towels, single-ply and multi-ply napkins and other personal care and cleaning products as well as novel creping blades and novel processes for the manufacture of such paper products. The present invention is directed to tissue and towel product having highly desirable bulk, appearance and softness characteristics produced by utilizing a novel undulatory creping blade having a multiplicity of serrulations forced in its rake surface which presents differentiated creping angles and/or rake angles to the web as it is being creped. The invention is also directed to a novel blade having an undulatory rake surface having trough-shaped serrulations in the rake surface of the blade. The undulatory creping blade has a multiplicity of alternating serrulated sections of either uniform depth or a multiplicity of arrays of serrulations having non-uniform depth.

Abstract: The improved creped non-laminar singular web structure comprising long fibers and short fibers demonstrated by high TWA and Z peeling. Creping causes a certain portion of long synthetic fibers and short fibers to substantially be oriented in a predetermined vertical or Z direction across the thickness of the web structure. In particular, when a stratified preparation containing wet stiff CTMP fibers is used, the vertically oriented CTMP fibers increase the total water absorption (TWA) of the web structure without collapsing. The high TWA print/double-creped paper products manufactured from the above web structure are suitable for heavy wipe and dry uses.

Abstract: A composition for creping fibrous webs comprises (1) a polyamine/epihalohydrin resin creping adhesive, and (2) a creping release agent that is a plasticizer for the polyamine/epihalohydrin resin and has a swelling ratio of at least 0.10 and a solubility parameter >20 MPa.sup.1/2. Also disclosed is a process for creping fibrous webs in which the creping adhesive and the release agent can be applied together or separately to a drying surface for the fibrous web.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wet pressed paper web. The web has a first relatively high density region having a first thickness K, a second relatively low density region having a second thickness P, which is a local maxima, and a third region extending intermediate the first and second regions. The third region includes a transition region having a third thickness T, which is a local minima. The present invention also provides a method of making a wet pressed web. An embryonic web of papermaking fibers is formed on a foraminous forming member, and transferred to an imprinting member to deflect a portion of the papermaking fibers in the embryonic web into deflection conduits in the imprinting member. The web and the imprinting member are then pressed between first and second dewatering felts in a compression nip to further deflect the papermaking fibers into the deflection conduits in the imprinting member and to remove water from both sides of the web.

Abstract: A multi-layer material suitable for production of divers' suits, such material eliminating the conventional waterproof material characteristic of the prior art. In one form, the multi-layer material comprises an outer layer of Lycra bonded to a first inner layer of a plush-type material which is then bonded to a second inner layer of a denser plush-type material. The bond between the Lycra and first inner plush layer is preferably formed by coating the facing surfaces with a solid film of a water resistant contact cement which resists any transfer of water between the Lycra and first inner plush layer. The first inner plush layer is then bonded to the second inner plush layer by either an adhesive or other fastening means which allows water transfer between the first and second plush-type material layers.

Abstract: An improved-strength, polymer-reinforced paper which includes fibers, of which at least about 30 percent on a dry weight basis are eucalyptus fibers; and from about 15 to about 60 percent by weight, based on the dry weight of the fibers, of a latex binder.

Abstract: An embossed tissue having improved bulk and puffiness while being non-nesting by having a lattice pattern and at least two signature bosses. More particularly, one of the signature bosses is defined by embossments having a lower portion which is continuous and an upper portion which is defined by crenels and merlons.

Abstract: Strong, soft, and low dusting tissue paper webs useful in the manufacture of soft, absorbent sanitary products such as bath tissue, facial tissue, and absorbent towels are disclosed. The tissue papers comprise fibers such as wood pulp and a non-cellulosic, water insoluble particulate filler such as kaolin clay.

Abstract: Soft throughdried tissues, which are sufficiently soft to serve as premium bathroom tissues, can be made without the use of a Yankee dryer. The typical Yankee functions of building machine direction and cross-machine direction stretch are replaced by a wet end rush transfer and the throughdrying fabric design, respectively. It is particularly advantageous to form the tissue with chemimechanically treated fibers in at least one layer. The resulting tissues have high bulk (about 6 cubic centimeters per gram or greater) and low stiffness.

Abstract: The perceived softness of embossed tissue can be increased greatly while avoiding nesting when a particular pattern is embossed into the tissue. This pattern combines relatively shallow stitchlike bosses with deeper more sharply defined signature bosses. The stitchlike bosses can be rounded and arranged in wavy flowing intersecting lines. The signature bosses can be arranged in regions framed by the intersecting wavy flowing lines.

Abstract: An improved-strength, polymer-reinforced paper which includes fibers, of which at least about 30 percent on a dry weight basis are eucalyptus fibers; and from about 15 to about 60 percent by weight, based on the dry weight of the fibers, of a latex binder.

Abstract: Improved posterboard is formed from a rectangular posterboard having vertical side edges and horizontal top and bottom edges. Guide marking are applied to the posterbboard. The guide markings are visually perceptible at a writing distance away from the posterboard, and substantially imperceptible at a viewing distance length away from the posterboard.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wet pressed paper web. The web has a first relatively high density region having a first thickness K, a second relatively low density region having a second thickness P, which is a local maxima, and a third region extending intermediate the first and second regions. The third region includes a transition region having a third thickness T, which is a local minima. The present invention also provides a method of making a wet pressed web. An embryonic web of papermaking fibers is formed on a foraminous forming member, and transferred to an imprinting member to deflect a portion of the papermaking fibers in the embryonic web into deflection conduits in the imprinting member. The web and the imprinting member are then pressed between first and second dewatering felts in a compression nip to further deflect the papermaking fibers into the deflection conduits in the imprinting member and to remove water from both sides of the web.

Abstract: An embossed tissue having improved bulk and puffiness while being non-nesting by having a lattice pattern and at least two signature bosses. More particularly, one of the signature bosses is defined by embossments having a lower portion which is continuous and an upper portion which is defined by crenels and merlons.

Abstract: A paper structure having at least three regions is disclosed. The paper structure has a first region, a patterned second region, and a third transition region connecting the first and second regions. The first and second regions are disposed at different elevations, and can each have a thickness less than a thickness of the transition region. An apparatus and process for making such a paper structure are also disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-region paper structure having a transition region interconnecting relatively thinner regions is disclosed. The paper structure comprises a first region, a patterned second region, a third region, and transition region. The transition region interconnects the patterned second region with a background matrix. The background matrix comprises the first region and the third region. The first region comprises a plurality of discrete protuberances dispersed throughout the third region. The first and second regions are disposed at different elevations, and each has a thickness less than a thickness of the transition region. An apparatus and process for making the paper structure is also disclosed.

Abstract: A paper cushioning mat for packaging and a method of producing the paper cushioning mat. The paper cushioning mat comprises two paper substrates and multiple paper cushioning pieces distributed between the substrates and adhered thereto. The paper cushioning pieces are made by cutting a coil prepared by rolling a single faced corrugated fiberboard and fixing with an adhesive crosswise to round slices of a certain thickness. Angle of cutting the coil may be inclined to the angle rectangular to the axis of the coil. The paper cushioning mat is used for packaging articles by, for example, laying the mat between the container walls and the article or by filling spaces. The mat can be reused, and easily disposed.

Abstract: Embossing a web between unmatched male and female embossing elements, wherein the sidewall slope of the female element is different than the sidewall slope of the male element, provides an embossed web having markedly improved embossing pattern definition and, in the case of roll products, greater roll bulk at equivalent roll firmness. The unmatched male and female embossing elements are preferably made by laser engraving rubber embossing rolls.

Abstract: Tissue papers, in particular pattern densified tissue papers, having an enhanced tactile sense of softness when treated with certain nonionic softeners are disclosed. These nonionic softeners are biodegradable and comprise sorbitan esters, ethoxylated/propoxylated versions of these sorbitan esters, or mixtures thereof. The softener is typically applied from an aqueous dispersion or solution thereof to at least one surface of the dry tissue paper web.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for embossing paper products, such as paper towels or toilet tissue, in which the tensile strength extending in the machine direction is modified such that after embossing, the tensile strength in the machine direction is more nearly equal to the tensile strength in the cross-machine direction. During embossing, selected portions of the embossed pattern are embossed more deeply to fracture fibers extending in the machine direction, thereby modifying the tensile strength in the machine direction. An improved paper product is thereby formed having a machine direction:cross-machine direction tensile strength ratio which is more closer to 1:1.

Abstract: A paper toweling which provides a combination of strength, bulk and absorbency while presenting an attractive appearance. Included are a single ply paper towel having areas of light and heavy embossing perforations which form diamond shaped islands of heavy embossing perforations surrounded by intersecting bands of light bosses.

Abstract: A two-ply paper-to-paper composite material having insulating properties and a method for its manufacture wherein the composite includes a pair of paper sheets, at least one of which has been treated to make it moisture-proof and grease-proof wherein the sheets are selectively bonded directly to the other to define air pockets therebetween wherein the bond is established by an alkali metal silicate adhesive.