Abstract: There are provided a magnetic thin film utilizing a granular film and having excellent high frequency characteristics and a method of manufacturing the same, and a multilayered magnetic film and magnetic components and electronic equipment utilizing the same.

Abstract: A nickel-base superalloy substrate includes a surface region having an integrated aluminum content of from about 18 to about 24 percent by weight and an integrated platinum content of from about 18 to about 45 percent by weight, with the balance components of the substrate. The substrate is preferably a single-crystal advanced superalloy selected for use at high temperatures. The substrate may optionally have a ceramic layer deposited over the platinum-aluminide region, to produce a thermal barrier coating system. The platinum-aluminide region is produced by diffusing platinum into the substrate surface, and thereafter diffusing aluminum into the substrate surface.

Abstract: Thermal barrier coating systems according to the prior art are exposed to mechanical loads, and in particular ceramic layers tend to form cracks or to flake off on account of their brittleness. A thermal barrier coating system (19) according to the invention includes a second phase (34), which mechanically reinforces the matrix (31) of the layer (25, 28).

Abstract: A material and method for adhering at least two materials that includes the step of interposing at least one intermediate layer between the two materials and associated adhesion material. The materials to be adhered exhibit at least one characteristic dissimilarity and the intermediate material interposed contains at least one shape memory alloy, the shape memory alloy capable of exhibiting superelasticity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thin impermeable top coat on a thermal barrier coating for a metal part, such as a turbine blade, wherein the composite thin top coat is porous, inert, non-sacrificial, less permeable ceramic layer that eliminates the infiltration of environmental contaminants into the thermal barrier coating during operation of the metal part, thereby extending the life of the underlying thermal barrier coating and metal part thereunder.

Abstract: A product (1), in particular a gas-turbine blade (1), has a metallic basic body (2) to which a protective layer (3, 4) for protecting against corrosion is bonded. The protective layer (3, 4) has an inner layer (3) of a first MCrAlY alloy and an outer layer (4) having a second MCrAlY alloy, which is bonded to the inner layer (3). The second MCrAlY alloy is predominantly in the &ggr;-phase and includes 24% to 26% by weight of cobalt. According to a process for producing a protective layer (3, 4), the outer layer (4) is produced by re-melting a region of the inner layer (3) or by deposition of an MCrAlY alloy from a liquid phase.

Abstract: A coated article has a metallic substrate with a substrate composition, and a metallic coating overlying and contacting the metallic substrate. The metallic coating has a metallic-coating composition different from the substrate composition. A protective coating overlies and contacts the metallic coating. The protective coating includes a chromium aluminide layer overlying and contacting the metallic coating, and optionally a thermal barrier coating overlying and contacting the chromium aluminide layer. This structure may be used to restore a key dimension of an article that has previously been in service and to protect the article as well.

Abstract: A ceramic capacitor for operating at a suppressed self heat-generation and a low loss even in high voltage operating conditions, including a dielectric ceramic element assembly having two surfaces and made of a material selected from the group consisting of a dielectric composition of CaTiO3—La2O3—TiO2 system, a dielectric composition of CaTiO3—La2O3—TiO2—SrTiO3 system, a dielectric composition of SrTiO3—CaTiO3 system, a dielectric composition of SrTiO3—CaTiO3—Bi2O3—TiO2 system, a dielectric composition of SrTiO3—PbTiO3—PbTiO3 system, and a dielectric composition of SrTiO3—PbTiO3—Bi2/3TiO3—CaTiO3 system; and an electrode made mainly of Zn located on each of the two surfaces of the dielectric ceramic element.

Abstract: A coating system for an article comprising a substrate formed of a metal alloy that is prone to the formation of a deleterious secondary reaction zone (SRZ) as a result of containing more than three weight percent rhenium and at least one additional refractory metal. The coating system comprises an aluminum-containing overlay coating and a diffusion barrier coating between the overlay coating and the substrate. The diffusion barrier coating consists of, in atomic percent, about 20% to about 90% ruthenium, about 2% to about 60% chromium, optionally up to about 50% aluminum, optionally up to about 20% of a platinum-group metal, and the balance at least one of nickel, cobalt, and iron and incidental impurities. The diffusion barrier coating sufficiently inhibits diffusion of aluminum from the overlay coating into the substrate, such that the substrate remains essentially free of SRZ.

Abstract: This invention provides a metallic article with a metallic substrate having a thermal barrier ceramic coating on its surface, the ceramic coating comprising a plurality of first layers of about 6 to 8 wt % yttria stabilized zirconia alternating with a plurality of second layers of about 18 to 22 wt % yttria stabilized zirconia. The alternating layers can be distinct layers or gradient layers.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for providing a ceramic thermal barrier coating, TBC, deposited and attached directly to a metallic substrate (2), or an intermediate bond coating (3) deposited on such a substrate (2). The TBC includes at least two layers, wherein a first, inner TBC layer, that is directly attached to the substrate (2) or bond coating (3), presents a different microstructure than a second, outer TBC layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a member coated with thermal barrier coating film having a metal substrate, the surface of which is covered with an adhesive layer (bond coat layer) composed of a heat resisting alloy and a thermal barrier film layer (thermal barrier coating layer) composed of a heat resisting ceramic formed on the adhesive layer, and a thermal spraying powder used for the formation of the adhesive layer, characterized in that the adhesive layer is a MCrAlX alloy (wherein M is at least one metal selected from among Fe, Ni and Co, and X is at least one metal selected from among Y, Hf, Ta, Cs, Pt Zr, La and Th), and an element capable of inhibiting the growth of an oxide layer (TGO) which is grown between the adhesive layer and the thermal barrier film layer by the exposure to a high temperature is added to the adhesive layer.

Abstract: An article is coated with a multi-layer coating having a bronze color. The coating comprises a nickel basecoat layer, and a color and protective stack layer comprised of layers of carbon-rich refractory metal or refractory metal alloy carbonitride alternating with layers of nitrogen-rich refractory metal or refractory metal alloy carbonitride.

Abstract: A chemically processed steel sheet comprising a steel base coated with an Al—Si alloy plating layer, whose Si content is preferably adjusted to approximately 5-13 mass % as a whole and to approximately 7-80 mass % at a surface, and a converted layer generated on the surface of the plating layer. The converted layer contains both soluble and scarcely-soluble compounds. The soluble compound such as a manganese oxide or hydroxide or a valve metal fluoride is once dissolved to water in an atmosphere and then re-precipitated as scarcely-soluble compounds at defective parts of the converted layer. The scarcely-soluble compounds act as a barrier for corrosion-prevention of a base steel. Due to the re-precipitation, that is self-repairing faculty, excellent corrosion resistance of the converted layer is still maintained even after defects are introduced therein during plastic deformation of the steel sheet.

Abstract: A ceramic material having particular utility as a thermal insulating or thermal barrier coating on metallic substrates is provided. The ceramic material broadly comprises at least one oxide and the balance comprising a first oxide selected from the group consisting of zirconia, ceria, and hafnia. The at least one oxide has a formula A2O3 where A is selected from the group consisting of La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Th, In, Sc, Y, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and mixtures thereof. The present invention also broadly relates to an article having a metal substrate and a thermal barrier coating as discussed above.

Abstract: A thermal insulating ceramic layer for use on metal alloy components exposed to hostile thermal and chemical environment, such as a gas turbine engine used to generate electricity. The preferred thermal barrier layer is formed using dense vertical cracking and formed of zirconia that is partially stabilized by yttria in a preferred amount of less than 4 weight percent and about 1 weight percent Hafnia. The ceramic layer is optimized to protect the underlying superalloy component from erosion, chipping, and handling, while reducing the cost of the protective layer. An alternative method of preparing the thermal barrier coating uses electron beam physical vapor deposition.

Abstract: A glass pane is provided with a multilayer system having metallic reflection and a high thermal resistance. The multilayer system comprises a dielectric base layer, a metal layer having a high reflection, made of chromium or a metal alloy containing at least 45 wt % chromium, and a nitride top layer. The dielectric base layer is composed of at least one oxide partial layer made of SnO2, ZnO and/or TiO2, close to the surface of the glass, and a nitride partial layer, close to the metal layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a material, in particular for a thermal insulation layer, with increased thermal stability, a low heat conductivity and a large thermal coefficient of expansion. According to the invention, said material comprises lanthanides, in particular the elements La, Ce, Nd, Yb, Lu, Er or Tm, which preferably occur as a mixture in a Perovskite structure. Said thermal insulation layer is particularly suitable for replacing thermal insulation layers comprising yttrium stabilised zirconium oxides (YSZ) as the thermal stability thereof is given as well over 1200° C.

Abstract: The invention provides a galvannealed steel sheet which has an oxide layer having 10 nm or larger thickness on the plateau of the coating layer flattened by temper rolling. With the use of the galvannealed steel sheet, no powdering occurs during press-forming, and stable and excellent sliding performance is attained. By selecting the area percentage of the plateau of the flattened coating layer to a range from 20 to 80%, making the coating layer single layer of &dgr;1 phase, and letting &zgr; phase exist in the &dgr;1 phase, further improved sliding performance and anti-powdering property are obtained.

Abstract: An amorphous magnetic recording medium comprising a substrate and an amorphous magnetic layer, where a magnetic domain formation-controlling layer comprising a main phase and 1 to 3 kinds of discrete spherical isolating phases arranged horizontally in lines in the main phase or 1 to 3 kinds of discrete spherical phases vertically stacked one upon another in the main phase is formed on the top side or the bottom side directly or through at least one of other layers to bring the amorphous magnetic layer into a finer magnetic domain structure, can satisfy high density recording.

Abstract: A ceramic material having particular utility as a thermal insulating or thermal barrier coating on metallic substrates is provided. The ceramic material broadly comprises at least one oxide and the balance comprising a first oxide selected from the group consisting of zirconia, ceria, and hafnia. The at least one oxide has a formula A2O3 where A is selected from the group consisting of La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, In, Sc, Y, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and mixtures thereof. The present invention also broadly relates to an article having a metal substrate and a thermal barrier coating as discussed above.

Abstract: A ceramic thermal barrier coating on a substrate wherein the coating comprises primary columnar grains that extend transversely of a surface of the substrate and that include integral secondary columnar grains extending laterally therefrom relative to a respective column axis. The secondary columnar grains typically extend from the primary columnar grains at an acute angle of less than 90 degrees relative to the column axis of the primary columnar grains. The coating structure exhibits reduced thermal conductivity as compared to a conventional thermal barrier coating.

Abstract: Pigment flakes are provided which can be used to produce colorant compositions having color shifting properties. The pigment flakes can have a symmetrical coating structure on opposing sides of a reflector layer, can have an asymmetrical coating structure with all of the layers on one side of the reflector layer, or can be formed with encapsulating coatings around a reflector layer. The coating structure includes a selective absorbing layer on one or more sides of the reflector layer, a dielectric layer on the selective absorbing layer, and an absorber layer on the dielectric layer. The pigment flakes exhibit a discrete color shift such that the pigment flakes have a first color at a first angle of incident light or viewing and a second color different from the first color at a second angle of incident light or viewing. The pigment flakes can be interspersed into liquid media such as paints or inks for subsequent application to objects or papers.

Abstract: A coating material, particularly a thermal barrier coating, for a component intended for use in a hostile environment, such as the superalloy turbine, combustor and augmentor components of a gas turbine engine. The coating material is zirconia that is stabilized with yttria and to which an oxide additive of niobia or titania is alloyed to reduce and stabilize the thermal conductivity of the coating.

Abstract: A protective overlay coating for articles used in hostile thermal environments, and particularly for use as a bond coat for a thermal barrier coating deposited on the coating. The coating is predominantly beta-phase NiAl into which a platinum-group metal is incorporated, yielding a coating system capable of exhibiting improved spallation resistance as compared to prior bond coat materials containing platinum, must notably the platinum aluminide diffusion coatings. A preferred composition for the beta-phase NiAl overlay coating further contains chromium and zirconium or hafnium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a product (1), in particular a gas-turbine blade (1), having a metallic basic body (2) to which a protective layer (3, 4) for protecting against corrosion is bonded. The protective layer (3, 4) has an inner layer (3) of a first MCrAlY alloy and an outer layer (45) having a second MCrAlY alloy, which is bonded to the inner layer (3). The second MCrAlY alloy is predominantly in the &ggr;-phase. The invention also relates to a process for producing a protective layer (3, 4) in which the outer layer (4) is produced by re-melting a region of the inner layer (3) or by deposition of an MCrAlY alloy from a liquid phase.

Abstract: Oxidation protection of a titanium heat exchanger is provided by a titanium aluminide or solgel coating. The coating protects bare titanium and brazed surfaces of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An article is coated with a multi-layer decorative and protective coating. The coating contains a polymeric basecoat layer containing (i) an epoxy urethane resin or (ii) the reaction products of a polyamine and an epoxy urethane resin. Over the polymeric basecoat layer is a vapor deposited chromium, chromium compound, refractory metal compound or refractory metal alloy compound decorative and protective layer.

Abstract: A crystalline oxide-on-semiconductor structure and a process for constructing the structure involves a substrate of silicon, germanium or a silicon-germanium alloy and an epitaxial thin film overlying the surface of the substrate wherein the thin film consists of a first epitaxial stratum of single atomic plane layers of an alkaline earth oxide designated generally as (AO)n and a second stratum of single unit cell layers of an oxide material designated as (A′BO3)m so that the multilayer film arranged upon the substrate surface is designated (AO)n(A′BO3)m wherein n is an integer repeat of single atomic plane layers of the alkaline earth oxide AO and m is an integer repeat of single unit cell layers of the A′BO3 oxide material. Within the multilayer film, the values of n and m have been selected to provide the structure with a desired electrical structure at the substrate/thin film interface that can be optimized to control band offset and alignment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for forming an article having a protective ceramic coating which reduces radiation heat transport through the ceramic coating. The protective ceramic coating includes one or more embedded reflective metallic layers for reducing the radiation heat transport. The method for forming the protective coating broadly comprises the steps of forming a ceramic coating on a substrate and embedding at least one reflective metallic layer within the ceramic coating.

Abstract: A coating material, particularly a thermal barrier coating, for a component intended for use in a hostile environment, such as the superalloy turbine, combustor and augmentor components of a gas turbine engine. The coating material is zirconia that is stabilized with yttria and to which an oxide additive of niobia or titania is alloyed to reduce and stabilize the thermal conductivity of the coating.

Abstract: An abradable thermal barrier coating material (10) formed of a highly defective fluorite ceramic matrix (16) having a desired degree of porosity (18) created in part by the addition of a fugitive material (19). The ceramic material has a concentration of a stabilizer sufficiently high that the oxygen vacancies created by the stabilizer interact within the matrix to form multi-vacancies, thereby improving the sintering resistance of the material. Such a concentration of stabilizer results in a material that is softer than prior art materials having lower concentrations of stabilizer, and that will be more resistive to sintering than prior art materials. Embodiments include a fluorite matrix of zirconia stabilized by at least 30 wt. % yttria, or stabilized by at least 30 wt. % ytterbia, and with porosity of 10-40%. In one embodiment, a metallic gas turbine seal ring segment is coated with a bond coat layer, then with a layer of porous 8 wt. % YSZ material, and finally with a layer of 33 mole % YbSZ (61.3 wt.

Abstract: Materials and coatings having submicron microstructure suitable for high temperature applications, such as turbine engines, are disclosed. The materials and coatings are made in an electron-beam, physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) apparatus and have a microstructure that includes submicron grains and, in some instances, a plurality of substantially discrete columnar layers.

Abstract: A multilayer thermal barrier coating (TBC) and method for forming the coating on a component intended for use in a hostile environment. The coating includes layers of particle-free yttria-stabilized zirconia alternating with layers of yttria-stabilized zirconia containing at least three volume percent up to about fifty volume percent of alumina and/or chromia particles and/or precipitates. In the form of particles and/or precipitates in these amounts, sufficient alumina and/or chromia is present to significantly increase the impact and wear resistance of the coating while avoiding discrete and homogeneous layers of alumina and/or chromia and abrupt compositional interfaces that increase the incidence of spallation.

Abstract: An improved method for applying a ceramic material, such as a thermal barrier coating to an article. A method for applying a ceramic material as a coating to a substrate article in which the thermal conductivity of the ceramic material is reduced or lowered is provided. The thermal conductivity of a coating applied by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method is dependent upon its distance from the source(s) of material used for the coating. The thermal conductivity of the applied coating is altered by adjusting the position of the article undergoing the PVD process by increasing the distances of the article or workpiece from the ingot or source of ceramic material to provide a coating of lower thermal conductivity. In accordance with the present invention, the article to be coated is positioned at a distance required to achieve at least a 10% reduction in the thermal conductivity of the applied coating.

Abstract: A predominantly beta-phase NiAl overlay coating for use as an environmental coating or a TBC bond coat for articles used in hostile thermal environments, such as components of a gas turbine engine. The coating contains up to about 4 atomic percent hafnium, such as in excess of 1.0 atomic percent hafnium. The coating may also contain about 2 to about 15 atomic percent chromium.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating (TBC) for a component intended for use in a hostile environment, such as the superalloy turbine, combustor and augmentor components of a gas turbine engine. The TBC is formed of at least partially stabilized zirconia, preferably yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and exhibits improved erosion and impact resistance as a result of containing a dispersion of alumina precipitates or particles. The TBC preferably consists essentially of YSZ and the alumina particles, which are preferably dispersed throughout the microstructure of the TBC, including the YSZ grains and grain boundaries. The alumina particles are present in an amount sufficient to increase the impact and erosion resistance of the TBC, preferably at least 5 volume percent of the TBC.

Abstract: Steel sheet for porcelain enameling capable of realizing excellent enamel adhesion with the steel sheet by direct-on enameling once is provided by using a Ti-added steel sheet; there are also a method for producing the same, as well as a porcelain enamel product and the method for producing the same. A steel sheet for porcelain enameling is produced by providing a Ni—Mo alloy plating film on a Ti-added steel sheet containing 0.01% by weight (wherein, % represents “% by weight” hereinafter) or less of C, 0.5% or less of Mn, 0.04% or less of P, 0.04% or less of S, 0.01 to 0.50% of Ti, and balance Fe accompanied by unavoidable impurities, and by then performing heat treatment thereto to control the content of Ni, Mo, and Fe present in the surface of the steel sheet in a predetermined range, porcelain enamel is applied once and fired.

Abstract: A method for forming a thermal barrier coating system on a turbine engine component includes forming a bondcoat on the turbine engine component and depositing a thermal barrier coating so as to overlie the bondcoat. The bondcoat is formed by thermally co-spraying first and second distinct alloy powders on the turbine engine component forming an oxidation-resistant region, and thermally spraying a third alloy powder on the oxidation-resistant region to form a bonding region.

Abstract: The invention includes a brazed ceramic ring that separates the positive and negative ends of the battery while still providing a leak-tight seal. The ceramic is aluminum oxide or zirconium oxide or zirconium oxide with 3% yttrium. The invention includes a brazing material that is greater than 50% gold. The invention includes a titanium alloy case (Ti-6Al-4V) which is titanium with 6% aluminum and 4% vanadium as its major alloying elements. The case has the desirable properties of titanium such as high strength for a relatively low weight; and the case has the requisite ability and electro-activity to be used as a positive current carrying element where the battery's positive electrode exhibits more than 3.5 V vs. Li/Li+.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating (TBC) system and method for forming the coating system on a component. The method generally entails forming a TBC on the surface of the component so that the TBC has at least an outer portion that is resistant to infiltration by CMAS. The TBC is formed by co-depositing first and second ceramic compositions by physical vapor deposition so that the entire TBC has columnar grains and at least the outer portion of the TBC is a mixture of the first and second ceramic compositions. The outer portion is preferably a continuation of the inner portion, such that the TBC is not characterized by discrete inner and outer coatings. The second ceramic composition serves to increase the resistance of the outer portion of the TBC to infiltration by molten CMAS. A platinum-group metal may be co-deposited with the first and second ceramic compositions, or deposited before the TBC and then diffused into the outer portion as a result of the parameters employed in the deposition process.

Abstract: A high temperature corrosion resistant alloy composition comprising, in addition to Ni, 0.1 to 12% by weight of Co, 10 to 30% by weight of Cr, 4 to 15% by weight of Al, 0.1 to 5% by weight of Y, and 0.5 to 10% by weight of Re. The high temperature corrosion resistant alloy composition has an excellent oxidation resistance and ductility and is suitable for use in a bonding layer of a thermal barrier coating material.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating (TBC) for a component intended for use in a hostile environment, such as the superalloy turbine, combustor and augmentor components of a gas turbine engine. The TBC is formed of at least partially stabilized zirconia, preferably yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and exhibits improved erosion and impact resistance as a result of containing a dispersion of alumina precipitates or particles. The TBC preferably consists essentially of YSZ and the alumina particles, which are preferably dispersed throughout the microstructure of the TBC, including the YSZ grains and grain boundaries. The alumina particles are present in an amount sufficient to increase the impact and erosion resistance of the TBC, preferably at least 5 volume percent of the TBC.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating (TBC) for a component intended for use in a hostile environment, such as the superalloy turbine, combustor and augmentor components of a gas turbine engine. The TBC is formed of zirconia that is partially stabilized with yttria (YSZ), preferably not more than 3 weight percent yttria, and to which one or more additional metal oxides are alloyed to increase crystallographic defects and lattice strains in the TBC grains and/or form precipitates of zirconia and/or compound(s) of zirconia and/or yttria and the additional metal oxide(s), the inclusion of which reduces the thermal conductivity of the YSZ to levels lower than conventional 6-8% YSZ. Improvements are particularly contemplated for TBC having a columnar grain structure, such as those deposited by EBPVD and other PVD techniques.

Abstract: An anti-stick coating that inhibits the adhesion of contaminants that form deposits on the internal cooling passages of gas turbine engine components. The anti-stick coating is formed as an outer coating of the internal cooling passages, and preferably overlies an environmental coating such as a diffusion aluminide coating formed on the passage surfaces. The outer coating has a thickness of not greater than three micrometers, and is resistant to adhesion by dirt contaminants as a result of comprising at least one layer of tantala, titania, hafnia, niobium oxide, yttria, silica and/or alumina. The outer coating is preferably deposited directly on the environmental coating by chemical vapor deposition.

Abstract: High-frequency ceramics containing SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, ZnO and B2O3 as constituent components, said ceramics comprising: 30 to 50% by weight of a crystal phase containing ZnO and Al2O3; 5 to 15% by weight of a crystal phase containing SiO2 and MgO; and 40 to 60% by weight of an amorphous phase comprising substantially SiO2 or SiO2 and B2O3; wherein the content of the SiO2 crystal phase is suppressed to be not larger than 6% by weight. The ceramics has a dielectric loss at 60 GHz of not larger than 15×10−4, exhibiting excellent high-frequency characteristics, and is very useful as an insulating substrate for the wiring boards that deal with high-frequency signals.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating material can prevent spall-off from occurring during operation at high temperatures and has a high heat insulating effect. A turbine parts and a gas turbine that are protected with the thermal barrier coating material are also provided. The thermal barrier coating material of the present invention comprises a ceramic layer 23, which is formed on a high temperature heat-resistant alloy base 21 to protect the base 21 from high temperatures, the ceramic layer 23 being applied via a bonding coat layer 22 provided as a metal bonding layer and is made of ZrO2 with Er2O3 added thereto as a stabilizing agent. The turbine parts and the gas turbine of the present invention are coated with the thermal barrier coating material on the surfaces thereof.

Abstract: A transparent conductive film has a polymer film 4 and a transparent conductive layer 5 formed on the polymer film 4. The transparent conductive layer consists of indium oxide, a zinc oxide system and a tin oxide system. A covering layer 9, made of material different from that of the transparent conductive layer 5, is formed on the transparent conductive layer 5. A touch panel is provided with the transparent conductive film as its upper electrode 6A or lower electrode. The surface of the transparent conductive layer is covered with the covering layer, so that physical or chemical stresses generated during the input to the touch panel do not affect transparent conductive layer directly, thus preventing damages and delamination of the transparent conductive layer. Furthermore, the covering layer formed on the transparent conductive layer improves the strength of the transparent conductive film, thereby enhancing a resistance to wear.

Abstract: A coating system having a low thermal conductivity, and a method by which the low thermal conductivity of the coating system is maintained through the development of cracks within a thermal-insulating layer of the coating system. The thermal-insulating layer is a mixture of two or more materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE). The materials of the thermal-insulating layer are selected and combined so that a low thermal conductivity is maintained for the coating system as the result of cracks developing and propagating from interfaces between the materials when the coating system is subjected to heating and cooling cycles.

Abstract: An article is coated with a multi-layer coating having a stainless steel color. The coating comprises an electroplated layer or layers on the article surface, a refractory metal or refractory metal alloy strike layer on the electroplated layer or layers, a color layer containing a refractory metal oxide or refractory metal alloy oxide having a substoichiometric oxygen content on the strike layer, and a refractory metal oxide or refractory metal alloy oxide having a substantially stoichiometric oxygen content layer on said color layer.