Abstract: A composite structure of thin films including alternating layers of relatively high conductivity metals and low conductivity metals to combine the effects of reflection and absorption and thereby maximize the attenuation of the structure. Additionally, a similar structure of layers of materials with differing magnetic permeabilities may be used for the same purpose.

Abstract: The invention refers to a corrosion-proof solderable system of layers which is applied to a support and is made of a solderable layer and a corrosion-protection layer covering the solderable layer and protecting it from complete oxidation. In order to create a layer system which is simpler and cheaper to manufacture, the solderable layer contains a proportion of oxidizable metal.The corrosion-protection layer is made by oxidation of the solderable layer on its free surface.

Abstract: Galvanically incompatible materials are isolated from each other to prevent galvanic corrosion while providing for electrical conductivity therebetween. A two-sided shim is interposed between the galvanically incompatible materials and each side of the shim is galvanically compatible and placed in contact with one of the galvanically incompatible materials. The shim itself is sealed against moisture to prevent galvanic corrosion in a central contact area between the two sides. Holes through the shim to permit the insertion of fasteners therethrough must similarly be sealed.

Abstract: Low alloy steel tubing is decarburized, chromized and then aluminized with or without masking at the sites at which the tubing is to be welded in place, to greatly increase resistance of the tubing to high temperature oxidation and sulfidation. Low surface aluminum content after aluminizing makes it easier to weld at that surface.

Abstract: Layered active brazing material in the form of two microcrystalline or amorphous foils applied to both sides of a ductile metal ribbon acting as a carrier. The foils consist of an alloy containing two or more of the elements Cu, Ti, Ge, Si, Ag, Zr, Ni, Al, Fe and are produced by spraying the molten alloy onto a rapidly rotating, cooled copper cylinder, and the resulting ribbon detaching itself from the cylinder. Production of the ductile metal body covered on both sides with foils using spot welding.

Abstract: A base plate for magnetic recording disc is produced by coating thin metal layers containing no impurities for forming defects by an anodizing treatment on one or both sides of a discoid substrate made of a metal such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy or from a plastic by a dry process, and anodizing the thin metal layers so as to form anodized film from the surfaces of the thin metal layers to a certain depth while the portions contacting to the substrate are retained not anodized.

Abstract: Smooth layers of a metal are produced on a glass substrate where a large ferential expansion coefficient of the metal relative to the substrate produces very large stresses in the metal when the metallized substrate is subjected to a post deposition anneal. The method involves depositing a layer of a metal having a very small self diffusion coefficient at the anneal temperature prior to depositing the metal having the large differential expansion coefficient.

Abstract: An article of improved wear characteristics and composed of a relatively low wear resistant base metal coated by a particulate refractory metal having a melting point of at least 1490.degree. C. deposited within the near-surface region thereof comprising a base metal or alloy of relatively low wear resistance, a refractory metal deposited within said near-surface region, said refractory metal being selectively deposited in the form of discrete particles, and the particles being idiomorphic or blocky or equiaxial or spheroidal or acicular or dendritic and a plurality of these particles having dimensions of less than 10 micrometers, a plurality of the particles being contiguous to form clusters of the particles that are spaced from each other. The clusters of particles may form microscopic regions of refractory metal which in turn may produce macroscopic regions of refractory metal having the appearance of a continuous coating.

Abstract: Ferrous metal or titanium or aluminum is coated with a mixture of phosphoric acid, chromic acid and magnesium salts of these acids, as well as with aluminum flakes, or coated with a mixture of aluminum flakes and magnesium chromate or dichromate, to provide after baking excellent resistance to attack. Aluminum-silicon alloys containing about 10 to about 15 weight percent silicon give better results than ordinary aluminum, particularly when the aluminum is in powder form; and when coated products are given a burnishing treatment. Very good masking for pack diffusion aluminizing or chromizing on any metal to keep portions from being diffusion coated is effected by localized coating, the lowest layer of which is depletion-reducing. The upper coating layer can be of non-contaminating particles like nickel or Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 that upon aluminizing or chromizing become coherently held together to form a secure sheath. Such sheath can also be used for holding localized diffusion-coating layer in place.

Abstract: A membrane for the end surface of a container for a corrosion inhibitor for engine coolant where the membrane is exposed to the coolant and corrodes when the corrosiveness of the coolant increases above a predetermined level. The membrane is formed of the same metal or alloy as the radiator and has a thin layer thereon of a second metal except for certain areas where the base metal is exposed so that in a corrosive environment, a galvanic cell is set up between the two metals to enhance the rate of corrosion of the membrane.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for preventing reflection. For this purpose and for decreasing the reflecting power of the surface of a light absorbing body of a metal or semi-metal material, the light absorbing body is covered by a light absorbing material of the simple substance of a metal or semi-metal.

Abstract: A double level metal interconnection structure and process for making same are disclosed, wherein an etch-stop layer is formed on the first metal layer to prevent over-etching thereof when forming the second level metal line in a via hole in an insulating layer thereover, by means of reactive plasma etching. The etch-stop layer is composed of chromium and the reactive plasma etching is carried out with a halocarbon gas.

Abstract: A structure and method for manufacturing said structure are disclosed for producing a surface of improved smoothness. The result is achieved by applying to the substrate a layer of low melting point metal or low melting point glass and elevating the composite structure to the melting point of said low melting point metal or low melting point glass. The said metal or glass thereupon spreads to a smooth surface of greatly improved roughness.

Abstract: To improve the corrosion resistance of a metallic layer which is being burned off by electrodes, and decrease the contact pressure of the electrodes by eliminating metallic residues upon an electrical discharge between an electrode and a metallic surface, the metallic surface layer is a two-metal system having a top layer of aluminum and an intermediate layer of nickel, the metals, upon electrical discharge in air, reacting in an exothermal reaction if the energy level of the electrical discharge between the electrode and the metallic surface is sufficient to initiate the reaction.

Abstract: Roughening effect of low-temperature diffusion aluminizing of age-hardenable stainless steels, is offset by applying a nickel or cobalt plating not over 0.1 mil thick before the aluminizing.

Abstract: A composite diaphragm for a speaker comprises a boron layer formed on a metal foil such as titanium foil, in which a layer of a low melting point metal such as aluminum or magnesium is interposed between the metal foil and the boron layer to provide high rigidity, high elasticity and high bonding strength between the metal foil and the boron layer.

Abstract: A multilayer bi-metallic laminate of improved resistance to the initiation nd propagation of fatigue cracking and fracture is obtained by intimately bonding, alternate sheets of the two metals one of the metals having a modulus of elasticity at least 20% greater than the other metal. Prior to the bonding step the sheets of the stronger metal are stretched so that when they are released after the bonding step they are left in a state of residual tension while the sheets of the weaker metal are left in a state of residual compression. The residual compression in the weaker metal inhibits fatigue cracking of the laminate while the residual tension in the stronger metal has little effect on the crack resistance thereof.

Abstract: A hydraulically operated mine prop made of light metal, comprises an outer prop portion and at least one telescopic inner portion with at least one of these portions being provided with a non-sparking and impact-resistant metal covering. The covering may, for example, comprise steel, and an insulating layer is advantageously provided between the covering and the prop portion with which it is associated. The thickness of the covering is advantageously made from 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm.

Abstract: A metallic article is provided with improved resistance to high temperature environmental conditions, particularly hot corrosion resistance, through the interdiffusion with the article substrate of a complex graded coating including an inner portion which includes Cr and at least one of the elements Fe, Co and Ni and an outer portion including Al and at least one element selected from Hf, Pt, Rh and Pd.

Abstract: A composite superconductor having both filamentary and film conductors for carrying the pure and impure components of direct current, respectively, or for alternating current, is disclosed, together with a method of making it, and a preferred arrangement for its use in high power transmission lines.

Abstract: An article having an outer surface and an inner cavity, such as a hole or channel with a metallic inner surface, is provided with an inner metallic coating on the inner surface and, in one form, an outer metallic coating on the outer surface. The inner coating is provided as a result of decomposition and subsequent thermal homogenization of one or more organic compounds including Al, Cr or Ni or alloys including one or more of those elements. The outer coating can be the same as the inner coating or can be a metallic coating of one of a variety of known metallic coatings.

Abstract: A thin, adherent coating is described that is highly absorptive to solar energy and has a low emissivity for thermal energy, thereby being a useful selective surface for solar energy collection. This coating is formed on aluminum and its alloys by a simple electrochemical process and consists of complex aluminum and molybdenum oxides and metallic molybdenum which are deposited as a near-monatomic layer of molybdenum and its oxides. The coating withstands exposure to 400.degree. F (204.degree. C) and 1 hour in boiling water without change in properties.

Abstract: A carbon fiber reinforced metal matrix composite is produced by depositing a metal boride coating on the surface of the fibers and subsequently immersing the fibers in a molten bath of the metal matrix material. The boride coating is formed by passing carbon fiber through a gaseous mixture of chlorides of the metal and boron in the presence of zinc vapor at elevated temperatures. The subsequent reaction deposits out a submicron lamina of metal boride on the carbon fibers serving to enhance wetting of the fibers by the molten metal, with the lamina preventing chemical reaction between the fibers and metal matrix materials and also providing a strong mechanical bond therebetween.

Abstract: A base metal, such as the aluminum or iron housing of a conventional rotary or reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine, and a sealing member applicable to the pistons or rotor thereof are coated with a layer of a wear-resistant alloy, such as molybdenum-ruthenium or tungsten-ruthenium or molybdenum-rhenium alloy, either by evaporating the elements of the alloy by electron guns onto the surfaces to be coated or by vaporizing a wire of the same alloy in a vacuum chamber by the application of a high-tension electrical discharge through the wire from an electrical condenser bank. Depositing the alloy is done on a production basis by passing workpiece holders in a circular path through a vaccum chamber beneath the electron guns, followed by a realloying step through a laser beam, an acid dip, a rinsing dip, a drying by heat, and a final honing.

Abstract: A composite electrical conductor wherein a sheath of titanium, zirconium or tantalum or an alloy thereof, encasing a metallic core element, e.g. copper and aluminum and bonded thereto and having a coating of "tinning" metal or alloy thereon.