Abstract: A tool comprising a blank and shank, bonded at a low temperature through a bonding layer of gold formed by thermocompression bonding between the blank and shank is provided which can be used at a high temperature independently of the temperature at which the blank and shank were bonded.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-layered zinc-manganese alloy coating electrodeposited on sheet steel. The alloy layer closest to the surface of the sheet steel has a composition of at least 50% manganese while the composition of the other alloy layers farther removed from the surface of the sheet steel have less than 50% manganese.

Abstract: A high temperture, bimetallic cylinder of either ASTM 193B-16 carbon steel or duplex stainless steel having a wear and corrosion resistant inlay or liner of a nickel-based alloy containing 1.5 to 4.5% carbon, 1.5 to 3.5% silicon, 1.0 to 3.0% boron, up to 7.0% chromium, up to 15% iron, 1.0 to 6.0% cobalt and 30 to 60% tungsten. The inlay is centrifugally cast within the cylinder which is thermally compatible with the inlay such that it retains a high yield strength after casting.

Abstract: Disclosed is a surface treated steel plate for cans prepared by drawing and ironing (DI process). In order to enable the manufactured can to maintain a good weatherability and a high corrosion resistance, an Al-Sn alloy film having a thickness of 0.05 to 5.0 .mu.m is formed on at least that surface of a steel plate which faces the outside when the steel plate is drawn to have a cup shape.

Abstract: Adherent metal coatings of metals that cannot be adherently applied directly onto a desired substrate metal by chemical vapor deposition at a temperature below about 300.degree. C. are obtained by applying an adherent metal undercoating to the surface of the metal substrate which weakly or not at all chemisorbs carbon monoxide, then applying the desired outercoat metal to the undercoated substrate by chemical vapor deposition, using a heat decomposable metal carbonyl as the source of the desired outer coating metal. The undercoating metal may be applied by conventional plating processes such as electroplating or electroless plating. In preferred embodiments, the substrate is iron or steel or their alloys, the undercoating metal is copper, and the outer coating metal is a ferrous metal, i.e., nickel, iron, or cobalt.

Abstract: An improved circuit board material having a support layer, an electrical resistance layer and a conductive layer. The circuit board material has a resistance of at least about 500 ohms/square. The circuit board material is formed by electro-plating the electrical resistance layer on the conductive layer. The conductive layer is desirably activated prior to electro-deposition of the electrical resistance layer thereon. The conductive layer is activated by contacting with an activating agent such as benzotriazole electrolytic chromate and the like. A preferred electro-plating bath for electro-deposition of the electrical resistance layer comprises about 0.5 mole per liters nickel hypophosphite. The disclosed electro-plating bath functions at ambient temperatures and is effectively temperature independent. Circuit boards can be formed from the circuit board material through a process involving only two etching steps.

Abstract: An improved shielding structure for providing shielding from X-ray and gamma radiation, containing at least two, and possibly three layers of material, provided in specific order from the side in which X-ray or gamma radiation is received. The first layer in order has K-edge and L.sub.I -edge levels of a first range. The second layer in order has K-edge levels between the K-edge and L.sub.I -edge levels, and lower than a secondary radiation level which is emitted by the first layer. A third layer in order has K-edge levels between the K-edge and L.sub.I -edge levels of the second layer. Materials such as uranium, lead, and gold, among others, may be used in the first layer. Materials such as tin and indium, among others, may be used in the second layer. Materials such as zinc, copper, nickel, and chromium, among others, may be used in the third layer.

Abstract: A coating for protecting the surfaces of gas turbine components such as single crystal turbine blades and vanes, wherein the coating has a composition (in weight percent) consisting essentially of chromium, 15-35; aluminum, 8-20; tantalum, 0-10; tantalum plus niobium, 0-10; silicon, 0.1-1.5; hafnium, 0.1-1.5; yttrium, 0-1; cobalt, 0-10; and nickel, balance totalling 100 percent. A preferred coating, which is particularly desirable for use with single-crystal turbine blades and vanes, has a composition consisting essentially of chromium, 17-23; aluminum, 10-13; tantalum plus niobium, 3-8; silicon, 0.1-1.5; hafnium, 0.1-1.5; yttrium, 0-0.8; cobalt, 0-trace; and nickel, balance totalling 100 percent. A process for preparing the coated component is also described.

Abstract: Improved coating compositions are described for the protection of superalloys at elevated temperatures. The coatings are of the MCrAlY type where M is nickel or cobalt and are significantly improved by the addition of from 0.1-7% silicon and 0.1-2% hafnium. Coatings of the invention are preferably applied by plasma spraying and as so applied are found to be substantially more effective than prior art coatings.

Abstract: A centrifugally cast double-layer tube with resistance to carbon deposition, comprising an inner layer of a specific metallic material containing 1-10 wt % of Al and an outer layer of a heat resisting metallic material, can be applied to apparatuses for treating a fluid, containing hydrocarbons, their derivatives, or carbon monoxide, at elevated temperatures and to piping for transferring the fluid without carbon deposition on its inside surface, because the surface of said inner layer is oxidized to form a firm Al-containing oxide film prior to and/or during the treatment of the fluid, and also a sufficient strength and ductility of the tube are preserved by the support of the outer layer of said tube.

Abstract: An oxide thermal barrier coating comprises ZrO.sub.3 --Yb.sub.2 O.sub.3 that is plasma sprayed onto a previously applied bond coating. The zirconia is partially stabilized with about 12.4 w/o ytterbia to insure cubic, monoclinic, and tetragonal phases.

Abstract: Hardfacing of metal parts employing a thin, homogeneous, ductile foil is disclosed. The hardfacing foil has a composition consisting essentially of 0 to about 25 atom percent cobalt, 0 to about 20 atom percent iron, 0 to about 15 atom percent chromium, 0 to about 16 atom percent tungsten, 0 to about 5 atom percent molybdenum, about 2 to about 20 atom percent boron, 0 to about 10 atom percent silicon and 0 to about 5 atom percent carbon, the balance being nickel and incidental impurities with the proviso that the total of iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, tungsten and molybdenum ranges from about 70 to 88 atom percent and the total of boron, silicon and carbon ranges from about 12 to 30 atom percent. The ductile hardfacing foil permits continuous hardfacing of soft matrix, like low carbon and low alloy steels, and imparts superior resistance to wear and corrosion.

Abstract: Hardfacing of metal parts employing a thin, homogeneous, ductile foil is disclosed. The hardfacing foil has a composition consisting essentially of 0 to about 32 atom percent nickel, 0 to about 10 atom percent iron, 0 to about 30 atom percent chromium, 0 to about 2 atom percent tungsten, 0 to about 4 atom percent molybdenum, about 5 to about 25 atom percent boron, 0 to about 15 atom percent silicon and 0 to about 2 atom percent manganese and 0 to 5 atom percent carbon the balance being cobalt and incidental impurities with the proviso that the total of iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, tungsten and molybdenum ranges from about 70 to 88 atom percent and the total of boron, silicon and carbon ranges from about 12 to 30 atom percent. The ductile foil permits continuous hardfacing of soft matrix, like low carbon and low alloy steels, imparting superior resistance to wear and corrosion.

Abstract: Hardfacing of metal parts employing a thin, homogeneous ductile foil is disclosed. The hardfacing foil has a composition consisting essentially of about 0 to about 25 atom percent cobalt, 0 to about 30 atom percent nickel, 0 to about 30 atom percent chromium, 0 to about 5 atom percent tungsten, 0 to about 4 atom percent molybdenum, about 2 to about 25 atom percent boron, 0 to about 15 atom percent silicon, and 0 to about 5 atom percent carbon, the balance being iron and incidental impurities with the proviso that the total or iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, tungsten and molybdenum ranges from about 70 to 88 atom percent and the total of boron, silicon and carbon ranges from about 12 to 30 atom percent. The ductile foil permits continuous hardfacing of soft matrix, like low carbon and low alloy steels, imparting superior resistance to wear and corrosion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a high temperature oxidation resistant thermal barrier coating system for a nickel-, cobalt-, or iron-base alloy substrate. An inner metal bond coating contacts the substrate, and a thermal barrier coating covers the bond coating.NiCrAlR, FeCrAlR, and CoCrAlR alloys have been satisfactory as bond coating compositions where R=Y or Yb. These alloys contain, by weight, 24.9-36.7% chromium, 5.4-18.5% aluminum, and 0.05 to 1.55% yttrium or 0.05 to 0.53% ytterbium. The coatings containing ytterbium are preferred over those containing yttrium.An outer thermal barrier coating of partially stabilized zirconium oxide (zirconia) which is between 6% and 8%, by weight, of yttrium oxide (yttria) covers the bond coating. Partial stabilization provides a material with superior durability. Partially stabilized zirconia consists of mixtures of cubic, tetragonal, and monoclinic phases.

Abstract: Chromium boron diffusion coatings on nickel iron alloys uniquely provide them with improvement in high cycle fatigue strength (up to 30%) and erosion resistance (up to 15 times), compared to uncoated alloy. The diffused chromium layer extends in two essential concentration zones to a total depth of about 40.times.10.sup.-6 m, while the succeeding boron layer is limited to 50-90% of the depth of the richest Cr layer nearest the surface. Both coatings are applied using conventional pack diffusion processes.

Abstract: A coating for nickel/cobalt base alloys used in gas turbine constructions comprises a platinum metal underlayer, an intermediate MCrAlY layer, and a platinum metal overlayer. The platinum type metal is selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, palladium and/or iridium. The MCrAlY material consists of yttrium (Y), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr) and a balance represented by the letter (M) and selected from the group cobalt, iron and nickel.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprises a substrate and a magnetic recording layer formed on the substrate and having an easy magnetization axis in the perpendicular direction to the surface of the medium, characterized in that said magnetic recording layer is composed of from 75 to 90% by weight of Co, at most 15% by weight of Mo and the rest being V and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: Electronic chip having a composite stratified metal back and method of making it in which strata of metal and/or metal alloys are deposited on the back of the silicon base or a wafer carrying a plurality of circuit components on its face at least one of the strata being resistant to passage of copper at attaching and operational temperatures, and a stratum of solder is provided on the surface of the previously deposited strata for joining the chip to a lead frame.

Abstract: Coatings for iron-, nickel- and cobalt-base superalloys and the resulting coated components having good high temperature oxidation resistance. The coatings consist essentially of, by weight, 5% to 50% chromium, 3% to 30% aluminum, 0.01% to 15% tantalum, up to 10% manganese, up to 5% tungsten, up to 12% silicon, up to 10% hafnium, up to 5% reactive metal from the group consisting of lanthanum, yttrium, and other rare earth elements, up to 5% of rare earth and/or refractory metal oxide particles, and the balance selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron, and combinations thereof. Additions of titanium up to 5% and noble metals up to 15% are also contemplated.

Abstract: Method for hard facing iron or iron base alloy substrates using as a hard facing material a solid composition consisting essentially of grains of vanadium carbide having in solid solution from about 10 to 50% by weight tungsten, and containing from about 0.5 to 5% by weight manganese and 0 to 3% by weight copper in the grain boundaries.

Abstract: A base plate for magnetic recording disc is produced by coating thin metal layers containing no impurities for forming defects by an anodizing treatment on one or both sides of a discoid substrate made of a metal such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy or from a plastic by a dry process, and anodizing the thin metal layers so as to form anodized film from the surfaces of the thin metal layers to a certain depth while the portions contacting to the substrate are retained not anodized.

Abstract: A heat resistant machine component, e.g. a gas turbine blade, a vane or the like, for use in a hot-gas atmosphere, especially under dynamic mechanical strain. The engine component comprises a core body consisting of a heat resistant material and a surface layer sprayed thereon and constituted by a composite material. The composite material consists on the one hand of an alloy component containing 1 to 12% Al, namely preferably 3 to 8% Al, 10 to 30% Cr, small quantities of one or more elements in the group Si, Mn, Co, Y and Hf, and the balance Fe, and on the other hand a small quantity of an oxide component containing Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and possibly one or more oxides of the remaining metals of the alloy component, wherein the pores and the oxide component form elongated, narrow regions, which partly surround or cover the alloy component. The surface layer is applied by flame or arc spraying under a controlled minor oxidation.

Abstract: Improved coating compositions are described for the protection of superalloys at elevated temperatures. The coatings are of the MCrAlY type where M is nickel or cobalt and are significantly improved by the addition of from 0.1-7% silicon and 0.1-2% hafnium. Coatings of the invention are preferably applied by plasma spraying and as so applied are found to be substantially more effective than prior art coatings.

Abstract: A low porosity coating comprised of at least two layers of material or composites capable of protecting a metal substrate from the corrosive effects of a chlorine-metal chloride environment at temperature values ranging up to 650.degree. C. The first of the two layers has a coefficient of thermal expansion that lies between the metal of the substrate and that of a metal oxide(s) layer disposed upon the first layer. A layer of metal oxide is disposed on the first layer, the metal oxide having a coefficient of expansion somewhat less than the first layer and a minimum solubility in the chlorine-chloride environment. The material or composite of the first layer and the metal oxide of the oxide layer are applied by a technique which sprays particles of the material or composite and metal oxide(s) against a surface at relatively high velocities and temperatures.

Abstract: A multifiber electrical brush formed of an electrically conductive matrix material having plural electrically conducting fiber wires embedded therein and extending therefrom, wherein the fiber wires have a diameter varying from 1 to 120.mu.m, a length on the order of 100 times greater than the diameter thereof, and a packing density between 1-25%. Suitable materials for the fiber wires are platinum, gold, silver, copper, palladium, or niobium which may be embedded in a copper, silver, or other suitable matrix material, or copper embedded in an aluminum matrix. The fiber wires may be provided with a coating of a suitable barrier material on the lateral surfaces thereof as may be required to protect the fiber wires from etching during removal of the matrix material, or to prevent and/or retard interdiffusion between the matrix material and the fiber wire material during annealing or hot-forming of brush stock, and/or to impart improved electrical performance to the resultant electrical brush.

Abstract: A thin film of magnetic recording material is sputter deposited over a base layer of gold and tantalum on a polished substrate. A protective layer of gold and tantalum is deposited overlaying the magnetic recording film. A solid lubricant layer such as carbon, preferably in the form of graphite, gold, silver, tin, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide is sputter deposited or ion plated over the protective layer to reduce wear. The recording contacting portion of the recording head is similarly coated with a solid lubricant material. Other suitable protective materials include tantalum, niobium, tungsten and nitrides and carbides of such metals. In a preferred method for making such recording members, the layers are successively sputter deposited in an evacuated sputter chamber, whereby the recording layers and protective coatings are formed in a continuous process requiring only one pump down.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the protecting of uranium and uranium alloy articles from corrosion by providing the surfaces of the articles with a layer of an ion-plated metal selected from aluminum and zinc to a thickness of at least 60 microinches and then converting at least the outer surface of the ion-plated layer of aluminum or zinc to aluminum chromate or zinc chromate. This conversion of the aluminum or zinc to the chromate form considerably enhances the corrosion resistance of the ion plating so as to effectively protect the coated article from corrosion.

Abstract: An article of improved wear characteristics and composed of a relatively low wear resistant base metal coated by a particulate refractory metal having a melting point of at least 1490.degree. C. deposited within the near-surface region thereof comprising a base metal or alloy of relatively low wear resistance, a refractory metal deposited within said near-surface region, said refractory metal being selectively deposited in the form of discrete particles, and the particles being idiomorphic or blocky or equiaxial or spheroidal or acicular or dendritic and a plurality of these particles having dimensions of less than 10 micrometers, a plurality of the particles being contiguous to form clusters of the particles that are spaced from each other. The clusters of particles may form microscopic regions of refractory metal which in turn may produce macroscopic regions of refractory metal having the appearance of a continuous coating.

Abstract: A surface treated steel materials coated with manganese having a film of MmOOH (manganic hydroxide) formed thereon, which show excellent corrosion resistance, workability and weldability. The surface treated steel materials may be further coated with zinc as a base coating underlying the manganese coating or further coated with a coating of at least one selected from the group consisting of P, B, Si, Cu, Mn, Cr, Ni, Co, Fe, Zn, Al, Ca, Mg, Ti, Pb, Sn, inorganic carbon and their compounds and still further coated with an organic coating. The film of MmOOH (manganic hydroxide) is formed by a treatment in an aqueous solution containing Cr.sup.6+.

Abstract: A thin film of magnetic recording material is sputter deposited over a base layer of gold and tantalum on a polished substrate. A protective layer of gold and tantalum is deposited overlaying the magnetic recording film. A solid lubricant layer such as carbon, preferably in the form of graphite, gold, silver, tin, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide is sputter deposited or ion plated over the protective layer to reduce wear. The recording contacting portion of the recording head is similarly coated with a solid lubricant material. Other suitable protective materials include tantalum, niobium, tungsten and nitrides and carbides of such metals. In a preferred method for making such recording members, the layers are successively sputter deposited in an evacuated sputter chamber, whereby the recording layers and protective coatings are formed in a continuous process requiring only one pump down.

Abstract: A structure and method for manufacturing said structure are disclosed for producing a surface of improved smoothness. The result is achieved by applying to the substrate a layer of low melting point metal or low melting point glass and elevating the composite structure to the melting point of said low melting point metal or low melting point glass. The said metal or glass thereupon spreads to a smooth surface of greatly improved roughness.

Abstract: Method for hard-facing metal substrates is disclosed using a hard facing material consisting essentially of combined vanadium, tungsten and carbon and from about 5 to about 40% by weight of chromium carbide with up to 15% by weight in the aggregate of cobalt, iron, molybdenum and nickel.

Abstract: A solid state laser rod and a mount through which heat is dissipated from the rod are joined together at a bond comprised of a reflective layer on the surface of the rod, a barrier layer over the reflective layer, and a solder layer between the barrier layer and the mount. The reflective layer may be applied by sputter or other deposition procedures and is highly reflective in the region of the spectrum at which the laser operates, thus insuring optimum efficiency for the rod. The barrier layer may be applied to the reflective layer by the same deposition procedure, and it is impervious to the solder so that the solder does not penetrate it and scavenge the reflective layer. The solder should have a low melting point so as to avoid setting up excessive mechanical stresses in the rod when the solder solidifies. Both the mount and the barrier layer may be covered with a wetting layer prior to soldering to achieve better adhesion of the solder.

Abstract: Steel surfaces are protected from erosion and corrosion by a coating which includes at least three metallic layers of increasing normal potential from the base layer lying on the steel surface to that layer farthest from the steel surface. Also, the base layer immediately adjacent the steel surface has approximately the same normal potential as the steel surface.

Abstract: High stability thin film resistors are made from an alloy comprising selected portions of nickel, chromium, and gold selected in a ratio to provide the desired temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR). The resistors are made by co-depositing gold with the nickel chromium alloy by a flash evaporation process. The evaporation process is carried out by feeding a nickel chromium wire, having a gold wire extending therealong to provide the desired composition, onto a heated tungsten strip within a vacuum system with substrates disposed in a position to obtain uniform deposition of the evaporated material thereon.

Abstract: It is known to manufacture a recording member having a substrate supporting a magnetic recording alloy on a surface and to locate a protective covering on the surface of the alloy remote from the substrate. An improved protective covering for use in this combination comprises a barrier layer located on the surface of the recording alloy and an oxide layer located on the surface of the barrier layer remote from the recording alloy. The barrier layer preferably consists of a nonmagnetic material. The oxide layer is also nonmagnetic and is sufficiently thick to protect the magnetic alloy layer against surface abrasion. The barrier layer isolates the oxide layer from the magnetic recording layer so as to preserve the character and uniformity of the magnetic recording layer as the oxide layer is created.

Abstract: A flame sprayed high energy milled powder coated article comprising a superalloy substrate and a coating consisting of chromium and at least one element selected from iron, cobalt or nickel. Optionally the coating can contain other elements, e.g., aluminum, carbon, yttrium or the rare earth elements.

Abstract: A novel fastening means of a highly corrosion resistant nature and presenting a bright chrome-like outer appearance.

Abstract: An article having an outer surface and an inner cavity, such as a hole or channel with a metallic inner surface, is provided with an inner metallic coating on the inner surface and, in one form, an outer metallic coating on the outer surface. The inner coating is provided as a result of decomposition and subsequent thermal homogenization of one or more organic compounds including Al, Cr or Ni or alloys including one or more of those elements. The outer coating can be the same as the inner coating or can be a metallic coating of one of a variety of known metallic coatings.

Abstract: In the pack diffusion coating of chromium into the surface of a superalloy, the formation of undesirable oxide inclusion is reduced when the diffusion coating pack contains at least about 3% Ni.sub.3 Al. Also the formation of alpha-chromium is reduced when the pack diffusion is carried out in a retort effectively not over five inches in height. Pack aluminizing in the presence of chromium makes a very effective aluminum- and chromium-containing top coating over platinum plated or platinum coated nickel-base superalloys. Aluminized nickel can also have its aluminum attacked and at least partially removed with aqueous caustic to leave a very highly active catalytic surface. Pack diffusion can also be arranged to simultaneously provide different coatings in different locations by using different pack compositions in those locations. An aluminizing pack containing a large amount of chromium provides a thinner aluminized case than an aluminizing pack containing less chromium, or less chromium and some silicon.

Abstract: Nickel and cobalt base alloy articles are provided coated with a composition consisting essentially of about 20-60% chromium, 6-11% aluminum, 0.01-2.0% of a reactive metal such as yttrium, lanthanum or cerium and the balance nickel.

Abstract: Improved coating compositions are described for the protection of superalloys at elevated temperatures. The coatings are of the MCrAlY type where M is nickel or cobalt and are significantly improved by the addition of from 0.1-7% silicon and 0.1-2% hafnium. Coatings of the invention are preferably applied by plasma spraying and as so applied are found to be substantially more effective than prior art coatings.

Abstract: A thin film of magnetic recording material is sputter deposited over a base layer of gold and tantalum on a polished substrate. A protective layer of gold and tantalum is deposited overlaying the magnetic recording film. A solid lubricant layer such as carbon, preferably in the form of graphite, gold, silver, tin, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide is sputter deposited or ion plated over the protective layer to reduce wear. The recording contacting portion of the recording head is similarly coated with a solid lubricant material. Other suitable protective materials include tantalum, niobium, tungsten and nitrides and carbides of such metals. In a preferred method for making such recording members, the layers are successively sputter deposited in an evacuated sputter chamber, whereby the recording layers and protective coatings are formed in a continuous process requiring only one pump down.