Abstract: A description is given of a method of providing an electroluminescent device (20) comprising an active layer (5) of conjugated 2,5-alkyl- or alkoxy-substituted poly(p-phenylene vinylene) with inactive regions (51) and emissive regions (52) by means of patterned irradiation with UV light. Both regions (51) and (52) of the active layer (5) show a clear difference in electroluminescence, electrical resistance and solubility. By means of the above-described effects, displays can be manufactured without making use of structured electrode layers (3) and (11).

Abstract: Fluorenes and polyfluorenes having one or two polar-group-containing alkyl substituents on their "9" carbon methylenes are disclosed together with the polymers' use as luminescent materials in organic light-emitting diodes and light-emitting electrochemical cells.

Abstract: An electroluminescent element is disclosed in which a luminescent layer is formed on a reflective insulating layer coated on a back electrode. The luminescent layer is made of moisture-proof coated phosphor powder distributed in a fluorinated resin such that the phosphor powder is entirely covered with the fluorinated resin. A transparent electrode is bonded to a top surface of the luminescent layer where the phosphor particles are not exposed.

Abstract: A class of high efficiency (e.g., .gtoreq.20%) materials for use as display pixels to replace conventional phosphors in television, monitor, and flat panel displays. The materials are comprised of nanocrystals such as CdS.sub.x Se.sub.1-x, CuCl, GaN, CdTe.sub.x S.sub.1-x, ZnTe, ZnSe, ZnS, or porous Si or Ge alloys which may or may not contain a luminescent center. The nanocrystals may be doped with a luminescent center such as Mn.sup.2+ or a transition metal. The nanocrystals have passivated surfaces to provide high quantum efficiency. The nanocrystals have all dimensions comparable to the exciton radius (e.g., a size in the range of approximately 1 nm to approximately 10 nm). A quantum dot nanocrystal display phosphor that has a size selected for shifting an emission wavelength of a constituent semiconductor material from a characteristic wavelength observed in the bulk to a different wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorene-based alternating polymer having the following formula (I) to be used as light emitting materials of electroluminescent elements, and further relates to electroluminescent elements having an anode/luminescent layer/cathode structure, in which the fluorene-based alternating polymer is used as light emitting materials of the luminescent layer, or having a transporting and/or reflection layer added thereto, if necessary. ##STR1## wherein R, R', X, Ar and n are defined as above.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polymers comprising: polymerizing at least one monomer of the formula X--CH.sub.2 --Ar--CH.sub.2 --X' in the presence of a base and at least one chain end controlling additive of the formula R--H to form a soluble conjugated poly(arylene vinylene) of the formulaR--CH.sub.2 --?AR--CH.dbd.CH--!.sub.n --Ar--CH.sub.2 --Rwhere X and X' are electron withdrawing groups, R--H is a compound containing at least one acidic proton, R is a nucleophile, Ar is an aryl or aromatic group with from 5 to 30 carbon atoms, and n represents the number of repeating segments.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device comprising an anode, an organic hole transport layer, an organic emission layer and a cathode layered in this order on a substrate, or, optionally, comprising an additional electron transport layer between the organic emission layer and the cathode, wherein the organic emission layer comprises a benzoxazinone derivative represented by formula (1), wherein R.sup.1 is a specific acyl group or sulfonyl group, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are specific substituents.

Abstract: An abrasion-proof and static-erasing coating is formed on the contact surface of a contact image sensor. The coating comprises a first film having a high hardness and a low conductivity, a second film formed on the first film and having a low hardness and a high conductivity, and a third film having a high hardness and a high resistivity providing an abrasion-proof insulating external surface.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to organic light emitting devices comprised of an electroluminescent layer containing a host material comprised of a metal complex of (5-hydroxy)quinoxaline: ##STR1## wherein M is Al, Ga, In, Zn or Mg, with n=3, if M is Al, Ga or In and n=2, if M is Zn or Mg, and to a method for fabricating such devices. Further disclosed for use in the electroluminescent layer of organic light emitting devices are dopant materials comprised of a bisphenyl-squarilium compound, an indigo dye compound or a fullerene compound.

Abstract: New polyquinazoline polymers are provided by reacting novel monomers. The polymers incorporate repeat units that have at least one quinazoline nucleus and at least one ether linkage at the quinazoline 2 or 4 position. The quinazoline polymers are prepared by treating a monomer which comprises a quinazolone nucleus having one activated halide group with a base in a dipolar solvent to thereby form the polyquinazoline polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed in this specification is a polymeric fluorescent substance which emits a fluorescence in a solid state, contains at least one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (1) with the amount of the formula (1) repeating units being at least 50 mole % based on the total repeating units, and has a polystyrene-reduced number-average molecular weight of 10.sup.3 -10.sup.7, characterized in that it has a monofunctional group represented by the following formula (2) at at least one terminal of the molecule:--Ar.sub.1 --CR.sub.1 .dbd.CR.sub.2 -- (1)?wherein Ar.sub.1 is an arylene group or a heterocyclic compound group having 4-20 carbon atoms taking part in conjugated bonds; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each are independently a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1-20 carbon atoms, an aryl group of 6-20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic compound group of 4-20 carbon atoms and a cyano group!;--CR.sub.3 .dbd.CR.sub.4 --Ar.sub.2 ( 2)?wherein Ar.sub.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium comprises in combination: a magneto-optical recording layer capable of writing or erasing information by a laser beam and an external magnetic field and of reading the information by a Kerr effect; and a substrate having the magneto-optical recording layer formed thereon. The magneto-optical recording layer has at least two layers, including a first magneto-optical recording layer and a second magneto-optical recording layer which are magnetically coupled together. The first magneto-optical recording layer is a layer providing a greater magneto-optical effect in a short light wavelength range than the second magneto-optical recording layer though that having less perpendicular magnetic energy than this, as is provided on an irradiation side of the laser beam. It provides advantages in both the magneto-optical effect and perpendicular anisotropy in consideration of the thicknesses or compositions of the first and second magneto-optical recording layers.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element comprising a substrate are stacked layers thereon of, a positive electrode, a holeinjected carrier layer, a luminescent layer and a negative electrode and optionally an electron-injected carrier layer formed between the luminescent layer and the negative electrode, wherein the hole-injected carrier layer comprising a bis-enamine compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are, the same or different, a lower alkyl group or an optionally substituted aryl or heterocyclic group, or alternatively, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may form a benzocycloalkyl group, the benzene ring being optionally substituted by a substituent or substituents selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group and a lower alkoxy group; R.sub.3 is an optionally substituted aryl or heterocyclic group; and Ar is a methylene group, a vinylene group or an optionally substituted C.sub.

Abstract: An amorphous upconversion phosphor comprising barium fluoride a combination of rare-earth fluorides including yttrium and lanthanum and dopants, and a waveguide thereof on a substrate selected to have a refractive index lower than a thin film of the phosphor material or any other substrate with an appropriate buffer layer of lower refractive index that the film wherein infrared radiation and visible light are converted to ultraviolet and visible light. The amorphous upconversion phosphor is deposited at temperatures low enough to permit integration into semiconductor materials.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device comprising an anode, an electroluminescent layer, and a cathode. The cathode includes a fluoride layer contacting the electroluminescent layer, a conductive layer contacting the fluoride layer, and the thickness of the fluoride layer being selected so that the bilayer acts as an electron injecting contact, the bilayer providing stability against atmospheric corrosion.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device containing a transparent electron-injecting electrode is disclosed. The electrode includes a thin nonconductive layer contacting the electroluminescent layer, a conductive transparent overcoat layer, and the thickness of the nonconductive layer being selected so that the bilayer acts as an electron injecting contact, the bilayer providing stability against atmospheric corrosion.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device capable of emitting different colors and including a first layer of emissive material designed to emit light of a first color and a second layer of emissive material designed to emit light of a second color. The device is activated to emit light of the first or second colors by causing different current densities to flow through the device such that the emitting zone is positioned in the first light emitting layer, thereby emitting light of a first color, or in the second light emitting layer, thereby emitting light of the second color.

Abstract: An electroluminescence element including at least an insulating substrate, a first electrode, a first insulating layer, a luminescent layer having at least one side constructed and arranged to allow light to pass out of the electroluminescence element, a second insulating layer and a second electrode in this order in a stack, with the components on the at least one side of the luminescent layer being optically transparent. The luminescent layer includes a base material formed from a II-VI compound semiconductor, at least one rare earth element, and at least one halogen element substituted for a VI group element at a lattice site of the VI group element of the II-VI compound semiconductor and located in the vicinity of the at least one rare earth element.

Abstract: In an electroluminescent device which comprises a layer of a semiconductive conjugated polymer between positive and negative charge carrier injecting electrodes, a barrier layer is arranged between the layer of semiconductive conjugated polymer and the charge carrier injecting layer for negative charge carriers. The barrier layer protects the layer of semiconductive conjugated polymer from for example mobile ions released by the reactive charge carrier injecting layer. The barrier layer can in some circumstances also itself be light-emissive.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display device (10) includes first and second electrode assemblies fabricated on a transparent substrates (12). Disposed between the electrode assemblies are one or more layers of organic electroluminescent light emitting materials (20). The organic electroluminescent light emitting material is preferably characterized by an emitted light having a wavelength of between 4000 .ANG. and 6000 .ANG.. This light emitting material may be comprised of a mixture of a first host emitting material and a second host emitting material, and may further include a dopant so as to improve the emission efficiency of the light emitting material as well as to adjust the emission characteristic to a desired specification.

Abstract: A radiation image storage screen is provided comprising an alkali metal phosphor wherein the dopant is selected from the group consisting of Ga.sup.1+, Ge.sup.2+, Sn.sup.2+, Sb.sup.3+ and As.sup.3+. In a preferred embodiment the alkali metal is Cs and/or Rb.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device has a luminescent layer including an alkaline earth thiogallate doped with a luminescent center for producing blue light. An insulating layer disposed next to the luminescent layer includes a buffer area contacting the luminescent layer. The buffer area is made from a material which has an amorphous state at a temperature sufficient for crystallization of the alkaline earth thiogallate. Thus, when the device is manufactured, the luminescent layer can be formed in an amorphous state on the insulating layer and heat treated. Since the buffer layer remains in an amorphous state, the formation of alkaline earth sulfides which might degrade the color purity of emitted light at the interface of the crystalline luminescent layer and the amorphous buffer layer can be prevented.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device improved in brightness includes sequentially stacked layers having an optically transparent material on at least the viewing side of the structure and has a luminescent layer based on a Group II-III-VI compound host material with an element acting as a luminescent center added therein, wherein a Group II element having an ion radius differing from that of the Group II element constituting the compound host material is further added in the luminescent layer.

Abstract: A thin film electroluminescence device and a process for production thereof. This device is characterized in that as a light emitting layer material or charge injection layer material, a polymer film having at least one of a light emitting layer function, a charge transport function and a charge injection function, and having a film thickness of not: more than 0.5 .mu.m is prepared by the vacuum evaporation method and used.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element having an anode, a cathode, and an organic compound layer provided between the electrodes, the organic compound layer containing an oxadiazole compound of formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## wherein A.sup.1 to A.sup.6 are each an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent; X is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an alkoxyl group which may have a substituent; and R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkoxyl group which may have a substituent, or hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A phosphor thin film of a compound of zinc, cadmium, manganese or alkaline earth metals and an element of group VI is sandwiched by barrier layers having a larger energy gap than that of the phosphor thin film, and a plurality of the sandwich structures are accumulated thicknesswise to constitute a light-emitting device. The phosphor thin film ensures the confinement of injected electrons and holes within the phosphor thin film. The light-emitting device has a high brightness and a high efficiency.

Abstract: An electroluminescent edge emitting device having an improved operational life and electroluminescent efficiency includes a host material composed of at least two Group II elements and at least one element selected from Group VIA. The host material is doped with at least one of the rare earth elements in its 3+ or 2+ oxidation state. In one embodiment of the invention, two Group IIB elements are selected, namely cadmium and zinc. In an alternate embodiment, three Group IIA elements, magnesium, calcium and strontium, are selected as the host material. The Group VIA element is sulfide and/or selenide. The dopant is composed of one, two or three elements selected from the rare earth elements (lanthanides). In an alternate embodiment, the dopants include Mn.sup.2+ and one or two of the lanthanides.

Abstract: In an organic electroluminescent device according to the present invention, at least a carrier transporting layer and a luminescent layer which use an organic material are provided between a hole injection electrode and an electron injection electrode, wherein a luminescent portion having a luminescent peak wavelength different from a luminescent peak wavelength in the luminescent layer is partially provided in such a manner that it is laminated on the luminescent layer, or at least a hole transporting layer having luminous characteristics and an electron transporting layer having luminous characteristics which respectively contain organic materials emitting fluorescence in different colors in a visible region are provided between the hole injection electrode and the electron injection electrode, wherein a hole transporting portion having non-luminous characteristics is partially provided between the hole transporting layer having luminous characteristics and the electron transporting layer having luminous ch

Abstract: An electroluminescent device includes an anode, a positive-hole transporting layer made of an organic compound, a fluorescent emitting layer made of an organic compound, a cathode. The fluorescent emitting layer includes a red light emitting material uniformly dispersed in a host emitting material. The host emitting material being adapted to emit in the blue green regions so that the light produced by this device is substantially white.

Abstract: An improved dielectric layer of an electroluminescent laminate, and method of preparation are provided. The dielectric layer is formed as a thick layer from a ceramic material to provide:a dielectric strength greater than about 1.0.times.10.sup.6 V/m;a dielectric constant such that the ratio of the dielectric constant of the dielectric material to that of the phosphor layer is greater than about 50:1;a thickness such that the ratio of the thickness of the dielectric layer to that of the phosphor layer is in the range of about 20:1 to 500:1; anda surface adjacent the phosphor layer which is compatible with the phosphor layer and sufficiently smooth that the phosphor layer illuminates generally uniformly at a given excitation voltage.The invention also provides for electrical connection of an electroluminescent laminate to voltage driving circuity with through hole technology. The invention also extends to laser scribing the transparent conductor lines of an electroluminescent laminate.

Abstract: The present invention is to improve color purity and brightness of a color Braun tube by constructing a fluorescent film for a red fluorescent material as a laminated structure. The present invention relates to a structure of a fluorescent film for a color Braun tube wherein the fluorescent film of the red fluorescent material comprises fluorescent material layers having a laminate structure made of two different compositions of Y.sub.2 O.sub.2 S: Eu and Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 :Eu.

Abstract: A process for fabricating a blue-emitting SrS:Ce based electroluminescent device, which improves in brightness and blue color purity of the electroluminescent device, is disclosed. The blue-emitting luminescent layer of the device is formed as follows: a luminescent layer based on strontium sulfide (SrS) with cerium (Ce) doped at a concentration in a range of 0.01% by atomic or higher but less than 0.3% by atomic is deposited; and then heat treatment is applied thereto at a temperature in a range of 400.degree. C. or higher but 550.degree. C. or lower before forming any other layer thereon.

Abstract: A screen, comprising a self-supporting or supported phosphor layer with phosphor particles (PP) dispersed in a polymeric binder (B), said phosphor particles (PP) being present in said binder (B) in a volume ratio PP/B of at least 80/20 is provided wherein the polymeric binder comprises at least one polymer (P) having a T.sub.g .ltoreq.0.degree. C., an average molecular weight (MG.sub.avg) between 5000 and 10.sup.7, being soluble in ethylacetate for at least 5% by weight (% wt/wt) and a self-supporting layer of said polymer P comprising 82% by volume of phosphor particles and having a tickhess so has to comprise 100 mg of phosphor particles per cm.sup.2, has an elongation at break of at least 1%.The screen or panel shows low screen structure mottle and a very good compromise between speed and resolution.

Abstract: In an organic electroluminescent device including a substrate and formed thereon a multilayered structure successively having at least an anode layer, an organic electroluminescent layer and a cathode layer, a sealing layer having at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide, a metal fluoride and a metal sulfide is further provided on the electrode layer formed later. A hole injecting and transporting layer is preferably provided between the anode layer and the organic electroluminescent layer. An electron injecting and transporting layer may also be provided between the organic electroluminescent layer and the cathode layer. At least one layer of the hole injecting and transporting layer, organic electroluminescent layer and electron injecting and transporting layer may be formed of a polyphosphazene compound or a polyether compound or a polyphosphate compound having an aromatic tertiary amine group in its main chain.

Abstract: An inorganic thin film EL device comprises, on an insulating substrate 1, a back electrode 2, an insulating layer 3, a light emission layer 4, an insulating layer 3, and a transparent electrode 5 formed on the substrate 1 in this order. The emission layer comprises lanthanum fluoride and at least one member selected from the group consisting of rare earth element metals and compounds thereof. The rare earth element is, for example, cerium, praseodymium, neodium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and mixture thereof. The compounds maybe those compounds of the rare earth elements and fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and oxygen. The rare earth element is preferably present in the emission layer in an amount of from 5 to 90 wt %.

Abstract: A radiographic phosphor panel having both binder compatible oxosulfur reducing agent and oxosulfur reducing pigment, and a preparation method. The radiographic phosphor panel has a support and a luminescent layer overlaying the support. The luminescent layer includes phosphor crystals, binder, oxosulfur reducing agent, and oxosulfur reducing pigment. The phosphor crystals include iodine. The oxosulfur reducing agent is dispersed within the luminescent layer on a substantially molecular basis. The oxosulfur reducing pigment is dispersed within the layer as a particulate. The oxosulfur reducing agent and the oxosulfur reducing pigment are each a reducing agent for iodine. The oxosulfur reducing agent and the oxosulfur reducing pigment have a combined concentration sufficient to substantially increase the photostimulated luminescence of the panel.

Abstract: A novel stimulable phosphor having a high sensitivity to a semiconductor laser as a stimulating light is disclosed, and is represented by the formula:{(M.sup.II X.sup.1.sub.2-2u X.sup.2.sub.2u).sub.1-x-y (M.sup.I X.sup.1.sub.1-v X.sup.2.sub.v).sub.x (M.sup.III X.sup.1.sub.3-3w X.sup.2.sub.3w).sub.y }.sub.1-a A.sub.a :bEu.sup.2+where M.sup.II represents at least one divalent metal such as Ba, Be, Mg or Ca; M.sup.I represents at least one monovalent metal such as Li, Na, K, Rb or Cs; M.sup.II represents at least one divalent metal such as Ba, Be, Mg or Ca; M.sup.III represents at least one trivalent metal such as Sc, La, Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Al, Ga, In or Tl; X.sup.1 represents Br or Cl; X.sup.2 represents at least one halogen atom that is different from X.sup.1 ; A represents at least one metal oxide such as BeO, MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, La.sub.2 O.sub.3, In.sub.2 O.sub.3, Ga.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, GeO.sub.2, SnO.sub.2, Nb.

Abstract: A thin-film EL element having as a laminated luminescent composite a configuration comprising at least a first layer and a second layer wherein(1) the first layer comprises a compound having a lattice constant, before lamination, larger than that of a compound constituting the second layer, and contains manganese as a luminescent center impurity,(2) the difference between the lattice constant, before lamination, of the compound of the first layer and the compound constituting the second layer is 5% or more, and(3) the peak value of the emission spectrum of the laminated luminescent composite rests on 590 nm or more, whereby the thin-film EL element can provide red light having high color purity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an X-ray intensifying screen comprising a support, a fluorescent layer coated thereon which comprises fluorescent phosphor particles dispersed in a binder, and a protective top-coat layer covering said fluorescent layer, characterized in that at least one of said fluorescent and top-coat layers comprises at least one salt selected from the group consisting of fluoroalkylsulfonyl methides, fluoroalkylsulfonyl imides, and fluoroalkylsulfonyl amides.

Abstract: In an organic thin film EL device comprising an anode layer, a cathode layer, and a complex layer including hole injection material and luminescent material, an anode interfacial layer is formed between the anode layer and the complex layer. The anode interfacial layer includes quinacridone derivative.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device of improved efficiency and operational stability has been disclosed. The device comprises of an anode and a cathode, and an organic electroluminescent element disposed between the anode and cathode. Characterized in the organic electroluminescent element is at least one fluorescent emitting layer containing a mixture of two or more materials. The mixture contains a quinacridone compound of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently alkyl, aryl, fused aryl or halogen; and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, or substituted aryl; and n=0, 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: A novel copolymer affording a highly efficient electroluminescent element by the use of which the movement of electric charge occurs very efficiently and a full color luminescence is possible, a process for producing the same and an electroluminescent element, are provided, which copolymer is prepared by copolymerizing N-vinylcarbazole as an electron-transporting compound with a specified cumarin derivative as a luminescent compound; which process comprises copolymerizing a specified quantity of a specified cumarin derivative with a specified quantity of N-vinylcarbazole in the presence of a polymerization initiator or a catalyst; and which electroluminescent element is prepared by using a thin film obtained from the copolymer.

Abstract: A radiographic phosphor panel having an organolead reducing agent. The phosphor panel has a support and a luminescent layer overlaying the support. The luminescent layer can include phosphor crystals, binder and organolead reducing agent. The organolead reducing agent has a concentration sufficient to substantially increase the photostimulated luminescence of the panel.

Abstract: A high luminance thin-film electroluminescent device comprising a phosphor layer comprising SrS as the host material and a luminous center. The phosphor layer is sandwiched between two insulating layers and two thin-film electrodes are provided on each side of the insulating layers. At least one of the electrodes is transparent, and the excitation spectrum of the phosphor layer exhibits a peak having a maximum value at a wavelength of about from 350 nm to 370 nm. Such a high luminance thin-film electroluminescent device can be prepared by annealing its phosphor layer comprising SrS as the host material at a temperature of at least 650 .degree. C. for at least one hour in an atmosphere of a sulfur-containing gas.

Abstract: An inorganic thin film EL device comprises, on an insulating substrate 1, a back electrode 2, an insulating layer 3, a light emission layer 4, an insulating layer 3, and a transparent electrode 5 formed on the substrate 1 in this order. The emission layer comprises a fluoride of an alkaline earth metal and at least one member selected from the group consisting of rare earth element metals and compounds thereof at a mixing ratio by weight of 10:90 to 95:5. The rare earth element is, for example, cerium, praseodymium, neodium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and mixture thereof. The compounds may be those compounds of the rare earth elements and fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and oxygen.

Abstract: Disclosed is an amorphous organic thin-film element containing dye molecules with .SIGMA..DELTA.Str,m (J/(K.kmol))/Mw of 60 or less, assuming that the molecular weight is Mw and the sum total of an entropy change of melting and entropy changes of transition from a glass transition point to a melting point is .SIGMA..DELTA.Str,m (J/(K.kmol)), and having a high heat resistance and a high stability over long periods of time.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic EL element improved in durability. The organic EL element comprises a hole-injecting electrode and an electron-injecting electrode, and at least a film made of a luminous material therebetween, wherein the luminous material is one of a metal complex polymer, an inner complex salt having two or more ligands, and 10-hydroxybenzo [h] quinoline-metal complex.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device comprises an anode, a positive-hole transport layer, an emitting layer, (an electron transport layer) and a cathode which are layered in sequence, wherein the emitting layer (and/or the electron transport layer) comprises at least one of dioxazine compounds or diazine compounds. The emitting capability of the organic electroluminescent device is improved in luminance and efficiency upon application of a low voltage.

Abstract: A radiographic image storage phosphor, stabilized intermediate, and methods for preparing storage phosphor, and stabilized intermediate. The storage phosphor is the product of firing a combination of species characterized by the relationship:MFX.sub.1-z I.sub.z.uM.sup.a X.sup.a :yA:eQ:tDwherein M is selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba; X is selected from Cl and Br; M.sup.a is selected from Na, K, Rb, and Cs; X.sup.a is selected from F, Cl, Br, and I; A is selected from Eu, Ce, Sm, and Tb; Q is selected from BeO, MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, ZnO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, La.sub.2 O.sub.3, In.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, GeO.sub.2, SnO.sub.2, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5, and ThO.sub.2 ; D is selected from V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni; z is from 1 .times.10.sup.-4 to 1; u is from 0 to 1; y is from 1.times.10.sup.-4 to 0.1; e is from 0 to 1; and t is from 0 to 10.sup.

Abstract: A three-dimensional optical memory based on stacked thin film electron trapping layers. Each thin film electron trapping layer is sandwiched between pairs of insulating layers and transparent electrodes. When an electric field is applied across the electron trapping layer via the electrodes, the electron trapping process is enhanced. In this way, electrical page addressing can be achieved for writing data to the memory. The data are read out by an IR light directed into the electron trapping film from the edge, again preferably with the application of an electric field across the addressed layer to enhance readout. The application of an electric field across an addressed layer during the writing and reading steps effectively eliminates inter-page crosstalk.