Abstract: A separator for secondary batteries, including: a separator substrate having at least one surface, wherein the separator substrate includes a polyolefin-based polymer resin having a porous structure and a coating layer is applied to one surface or opposite surfaces of a separator substrate made of a polyolefin-based polymer resin having a porous structure, wherein the coating layer includes a thickener, a filler, a particle-type binder, and a dissolution-type binder, wherein the thickener comprises carboxymethyl cellulose, and wherein an amount of the particle-type binder is greater than an amount of the dissolution-type binder.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly for a battery cell, whereat segments of a first electrode are placed between a continuous first separator sheet and a continuous second separator sheet; segments of a second electrode are placed on an opposite side of the first separator sheet in respect of the segments of the first electrode and on an opposite side of the second separator sheet in respect of the segments of the first electrode such that a tape element is formed; and the tape element is folded such that the segments of the first electrode and the segments of the second electrode are aligned in a stacking direction. The invention also refers to a battery cell, in particular a lithium ion battery cell, comprising an electrode assembly manufactured using the method according to the invention.

Abstract: An electrode assembly includes an electrode jelly-roll, which includes a winding including a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, and a separator disposed between the first and second electrode plates; an outer surface parallel to a winding axis of the prismatic electrode jelly-roll, side surfaces perpendicular to the winding axis; a first electrode tab, which is electrically connected to the first electrode plate and extends in a winding axis direction of the prismatic electrode jelly-roll; a second electrode tab, which is electrically connected to the second electrode plate and extends in a winding axis direction of the electrode jelly-roll, wherein an end portion of at least one of the first electrode tab and the second electrode tab is bent in a direction opposite to the direction in which the corresponding electrode tab extends and faces an outer surface of the prismatic electrode jelly-roll.

Abstract: A separator for a lithium-sulfur battery including a separator base; and a coating layer present on one or more surface of the separator base, wherein the coating layer includes a structural unit (A) derived from one or more compound including (i) one or more group selected from the group consisting of a catechol group and a pyrogallol group, and (ii) one or more sulfonic acid group; and a structural unit (B) derived from dopamine, and wherein the coating layer includes a sulfonic acid anion group. Also, a lithium-sulfur battery manufactured using the same, and a method for preparing the separator.

Abstract: A method for preparing a separator, a separator prepared using the same, and an electrochemical device including the same. More specifically, stability of the separator may be reinforced by preparing the separator using a slurry prepared by pre-dispersing an inorganic material and a dispersion resin, and then mixing a binder thereto when preparing the separator.

Abstract: A method of preparing a slurry composition for a secondary battery positive electrode includes preparing a positive electrode active material pre-dispersion by mixing a lithium iron phosphate-based positive electrode active material, a dispersant, and a solvent, and preparing a slurry for a positive electrode by further mixing a conductive agent, a binder, and an additional solvent with the positive electrode active material pre-dispersion is provided. A positive electrode for a secondary battery which is prepared by using the same method, and a lithium secondary battery including the positive electrode are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a separator for a lithium ion secondary battery and a battery comprising the separator. The separator supplements the irreversible capacity of a negative electrode. The separator comprises composite particles (A), and the composite particles (A) include a core portion comprising lithium composite metal oxide particles and a shell portion comprising a carbonaceous material with which the core surface is coated at least partially; the composite particles (A) cause lithium deintercalation at 0.1 V to 2.5 V (vs. Li+/Li); the battery has a positive electrode potential of 3 V or more (vs. Li+/Li); and the battery has a driving voltage of 2.5 V to 4.5 V.

Abstract: In accordance with at least selected embodiments, the present application or invention is directed to novel or improved porous membranes or substrates, separator membranes, separators, composites, electrochemical devices, batteries, methods of making such membranes or substrates, separators, and/or batteries, and/or methods of using such membranes or substrates, separators and/or batteries. In accordance with at least certain embodiments, the present application is directed to novel or improved porous membranes having a coating layer, battery separator membranes having a coating layer, separators, energy storage devices, batteries, including lead acid batteries including such separators, methods of making such membranes, separators, and/or batteries, and/or methods of using such membranes, separators and/or batteries.

Abstract: Forming a lithium lanthanum zirconate thin film includes disposing zirconium oxide on a substrate to yield a zirconium oxide coating, contacting the zirconium oxide coating with a solution including a lithium salt and a lanthanum salt, heating the substrate to yield a dried salt coating on the zirconium oxide coating, melting the dried salt coating to yield a molten salt mixture, reacting the molten salt mixture with the zirconium oxide coating to yield lithium lanthanum zirconate, and cooling the lithium lanthanum zirconate to yield a lithium lanthanum zirconate coating on the substrate. In some cases, the zirconium oxide coating is contacted with an aqueous molten salt mixture including a lithium salt and a lanthanum salt, the molten salt mixture is reacted with the zirconium oxide coating to yield lithium lanthanum zirconate, and the lithium lanthanum zirconate is cooled to yield a lithium lanthanum zirconate coating on the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery porous membrane capable of forming a porous membrane having improved adhesiveness in electrolyte solution, heat shrinkage resistance in electrolyte solution, and blocking resistance. The binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery porous membrane contains a particulate polymer A and a particulate polymer B having a larger volume-average particle diameter than the particulate polymer A. The particulate polymer A includes a (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer unit in a proportion of not less than 50 mass % and not more than 90 mass %. The particulate polymer B has a core-shell structure and includes a nitrile group-containing monomer unit in a core portion of the core-shell structure.

Abstract: A wound electrode assembly for a non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery, the wound electrode assembly including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a porous film between the positive electrode and negative electrode, the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the porous film each being belt-shaped, and an adhesive layer on the surface of the porous film. The adhesive layer includes a fluorine resin-containing particulate, a binder particle supporting the fluorine resin-containing particulate and having a smaller total volume than that of the fluorine resin-containing particulate, and a heat-resistant filler particle. An average particle diameter of the binder particle is about 100 nm to about 500 nm. An average particle diameter of the heat-resistant filler particle is about 10 nm to about 100 nm.

Abstract: Batteries are described that include a cathode material, and anode material, and a polymeric material that separates the cathode material from the anode material. The polymeric material has hydroxide ion conductivity of at least about 50 mS/cm, and a diffusion ration of hydroxide ions to at least one type of metal ion of at least about 10:1. Also described are methods of making a battery that include forming a layer of polymeric material between a first electrode and second electrode of the battery. In additional methods, the polymeric material is coated on at least one of the electrodes of the battery. In further methods, the polymeric material is admixed with at least one of the electrode materials to make a composite electrode material that is incorporated into the electrode.

Abstract: A battery includes an electrode plate group. The electrode plate group includes electrode plates and a separator. The electrode plate group is obtained by laminating a plurality of electrode plates. The separator is disposed between the electrode plates. A surface of at least one of the electrode plates is a particle layer. A surface of the separator is a nonwoven fabric layer. The particle layer includes fibrous particles. The particle layer and the nonwoven fabric layer are in contact with each other.

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing electrodes include applying a fluoropolymer film to a lithium-based host material, defluorinating the fluoropolymer film by heating to produce a lithium electrode having a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer including defluorinated fluoropolymers and at least about 5 wt. % LiF. The fluoropolymers can include one or more of fluorinated ethylenepropylene, perfluoroalkoxy alkanes, vinylidenefluoride, and copolymers of perfluoromethylvinylether and tetrafluoroethylene. The fluoropolymers can include one or more fluorinated monomers, including hexafluoropropylene, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroethers, and vinylidene fluoride. The —CF3 functional groups of the defluorinated fluoropolymers can be about 3 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of the SEI layer. The SEI layer can include about 30 wt. % to about 50 wt. % LiF.

Abstract: A separator for secondary batteries, including a separator substrate having at least one surface, wherein the separator substrate comprises a polymer resin having a porous structure, a first coating layer on the separator substrate, the first coating layer includes a first inorganic material and a first binder, and a second coating layer on the first coating layer, the second coating layer includes a second inorganic material and a second binder, wherein the first coating layer further includes a third binder having a glass transition temperature lower than 30° C. and the second coating layer further includes a fourth binder having a glass transition temperature of 30° C. or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed are a separator and an electrochemical device including the same. The separator includes: a porous substrate having a plurality of pores; and a pair of porous coating layers formed on both surfaces of the porous substrate, and including a plurality of inorganic particles and a binder polymer disposed partially or totally on the surface of the inorganic particles to connect and fix the inorganic particles with each other, wherein the amount of the binder polymer and the amount of the inorganic particles in one porous coating layer are the same as those in the other porous coating layer, the binder polymer is used in an amount of 5-40 wt % based on the total weight of the porous coating layer, the inorganic particles include boehmite particles and non-boehmite particles, and the boehmite particles and the binder polymer are used at a weight ratio of 1:1-1:5.

Abstract: Electrodes and methods of forming electrodes are described herein. The electrode can be an electrode of an electrochemical cell or battery. The electrode includes a current collector and a film in electrical communication with the current collector. The film may include a carbon phase that holds the film together. The electrode further includes an electrode attachment substance that adheres the film to the current collector.

Abstract: Disclosed is a binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery porous membrane which comprises: a particulate polymer; a sulfosuccinic acid ester and/or a salt thereof; and water, wherein the particulate polymer has a surface acid amount S of 0.05 mmol/g or more and 0.50 mmol/g or less, and a ratio L/S which is a ratio of an acid amount L in a liquid phase of the binder composition to the surface acid amount S is 0.1 or more and 0.2 or less.

Abstract: A negative electrode according to various aspects of the present disclosure includes a negative electroactive material and a layer. The negative electroactive material includes a lithium-aluminum alloy. The layer is disposed directly on at least a portion of the negative electroactive material and coupled to the negative electroactive material. The layer includes anodic aluminum oxide and has a plurality of pores. The present disclosure also provides an electrochemical cell including the negative electrode. In certain aspects, the negative electroactive material is electrically conductive and functions as a negative electrode current collector such that the electrochemical cell is free of a distinct negative electrode current collector component. In certain aspects, the layer is ionically conductive and electrically insulating and functions as a separator such that the electrochemical cell is free of a distinct separator component.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process that involves a reliable, robust, reproducible, and cost effective casting technique for a shutdown separator with, for example, a combination of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) copolymer, polysulfonamide (PSA)/polyether imide (PEI), and CaCO3 powder, and for a non-shutdown separator with, for example, a combination of polysulfonamide (PSA)/polyether imide (PEI), filler/plasticizer, and metal oxide nanostructures (SiO2, TiO2, and Al2O3).

Abstract: A separator for a secondary cell includes a porous polymer substrate having a first surface, a second surface opposing the first surface, and a plurality of pores connecting the first surface to the second surface; and heat-resistant coating layers formed on at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the porous polymer substrate and on internal surfaces of the pores using an atomic layer deposition process (ALD). Pores having a non-coated region are present in the internal surfaces of the pores.

Abstract: A polymer composite membrane, a method for fabricating same, and a lithium-ion battery including same are provided. The polymer composite membrane includes a porous base membrane and a heat-resistant layer covering at least one side surface of the porous base membrane, the heat-resistant layer includes a plurality of heat-resistant sub-layers sequentially stacked, and pore-blocking temperatures of the heat-resistant sub-layers are sequentially increased from inside to outside; each of the heat-resistant sub-layers includes at least one of a first heat-resistant polymer material and a second heat-resistant polymer material, and each of the heat-resistant sub-layers is separately configured as a fiber network structure; the melting point of the first heat-resistant polymer material is not less than 200° C.; and the melting point of the second heat-resistant polymer material is not less than 100° C.

Abstract: An electronic device and battery included therein are disclosed. The device includes a battery which itself comprises a jelly-roll structure having a rolled stack of a cathode, a separator, and an anode; an outer cover layer enclosing surfaces of the jelly-roll; and a pouch sealing the jelly-roll and the outer cover layer. The jelly-roll includes a first surface, a second surface disposed in a opposite direction, a third surface corresponding to one side of the rolled stack and connecting the first surface and the second surface, and a fourth surface corresponding to other side of the rolled stack, connecting the first surface and the second surface, and disposed in a direction opposite to the third surface. The outer cover layer includes a first portion, a second portion, a third portion, and a fourth portion bonded to first, second, third and fourth surfaces, respectively.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the disclosure an electronic device comprising: a display; a first plate having opposing first and second faces, wherein the display is disposed on the first face; a second plate coupled to the second face of the first plate, at least one adhesive layer including a first adhesive layer adhering to the second face of the first plate, a jelly-roll, a roll fixing tape disposed on one region of the jelly-roll, a pouch containing the jelly-roll and the roll fixing tape, wherein the at least one adhesive layer including the first adhesive layer is disposed between and attached to one face of the pouch, and wherein one end of the first adhesive layer and one end of the roll fixing tape face are in the same direction while the first adhesive layer and the roll fixing tape vertically surround the one face of the pouch.

Abstract: A battery plate loading system includes a battery plate separator apparatus having a work surface for receiving a stack of battery plates, and a loading mechanism including an arm coupled to the work surface. The arm is pivotable to move the work surface between a substantially horizontal position and a substantially vertical position. A pallet has a surface arranged to receive a plurality of stacks of battery plates, each stack being arranged in at least a first or a second orientation; and, a robot head arrangement configured to transfer stacks of battery plates from the pallet to the battery plate separator apparatus. The robot head arrangement includes a sensor configured to detect the orientation of each stack. The pivotable arm is configured to move the work surface to the substantially horizontal position or to the substantially vertical position in response to the detected orientation of a selected stack.

Abstract: A lithium ion mixed conduction membrane includes an optional polymeric binder and a partially lithiated ion conductive material having lithium ion conductivity and electrical conductivity dispersed within the polymeric binder that is capable of improving the performance and cycle life of lithium-sulfur rechargeable batteries and other batteries exhibiting the polysulfide shuttle. One or more lithium ion conduction membranes are placed between the positive and negative electrodes, or adjacent to the negative electrode of a battery and in particular, of a lithium sulfur battery.

Abstract: In accordance with at least selected embodiments, novel or improved porous membranes or substrates, separator membranes, separators, composites, electrochemical devices, batteries, methods of making such membranes or substrates, separators, and/or batteries, and/or methods of using such membranes or substrates, separators and/or batteries are disclosed. In accordance with at least certain embodiments, novel or improved microporous membranes, battery separator membranes, separators, energy storage devices, batteries including such separators, methods of making such membranes, separators, and/or batteries, and/or methods of using such membranes, separators and/or batteries are disclosed. In accordance with at least certain selected embodiments, a separator for a battery which has an oxidation protective and binder-free deposition layer which is stable up to 5.2 volts or more, for example, up to 7 volts, in a battery is disclosed.

Abstract: A separator for an electrochemical element suitable extends the service life of an electrochemical element under high temperature conditions. This separator for an electrochemical element is disposed between a pair of electrodes and is for separating the two electrodes from each other and retaining an electrolytic solution, wherein the separator contains a cellulose-based fiber, and the limiting viscosity of the separator as measured by the measurement method specified in JIS P 8215 is in a range of 150-500 ml/g.

Abstract: A ceramic-coated separator for a lithium-containing electrochemical cell and methods of preparing the ceramic-coated separator are provided. The ceramic-coated separator may be manufactured by preparing a slurry that includes one or more lithiated oxides and a binder and disposing the slurry onto one or more surfaces of a porous substrate. The slurry may be dried to from a ceramic coating on the one or more surfaces of the porous substrate so as to create the ceramic-coated separator. The ceramic coating may include one or more lithiated oxides selected from Li2SiO3, LiAlO2, Li2TiO3, LiNbO3, Li3PO4, Li2CrO4, and Li2Cr2O7.

Abstract: A sodium-ion battery having a boron-doped graphene sheet as an anode active material is provided. The boron-doped graphene sheet is of formula BxCy, where x and y satisfy a relation of x+y=4, and x is a number larger than 0 and less than or equal to 1.

Abstract: Provided is a semisolid electrolyte solution to improve a battery capacity of a secondary battery. The semisolid electrolyte solution includes: a solvated electrolyte salt; and an ether-based solvent that constitutes the solvated electrolyte salt and a solvated ion liquid, in which a mixing ratio of the ether-based solvent to the solvated electrolyte salt is larger than 0 and equal to or less than 0.5 in terms of a molar ratio. Desirably, the mixing ratio of the ether-based solvent to the solvated electrolyte salt is 0.2 to 0.5 in terms of the molar ratio. When a low viscosity solvent is provided, a mixing ratio of the low viscosity solvent to the solvated electrolyte salt is 2 to 6 in terms of the molar ratio.

Abstract: In accordance with at least selected embodiments, a battery separator or separator membrane comprises one or more co-extruded multi-microlayer membranes optionally laminated or adhered to another polymer membrane. The separators described herein may provide improved strength, for example, improved puncture strength, particularly at a certain thickness, and may exhibit improved shutdown and/or a reduced propensity to split.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery at least includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution. The positive electrode at least includes a positive electrode active material and a binder. The positive electrode active material includes more than or equal to 0.08 mass % of a lithium carbonate and a remainder of a lithium complex oxide. The binder is at least one selected from a group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene oxide, and carboxymethylcellulose. The electrolyte solution at least includes a solvent and a lithium salt. The solvent is at least one of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide. A concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte solution is more than or equal to 1.9 mol/l and less than or equal to 2.3 mol/l.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an invention directed to a composite separator having a porous coating layer, where the porous coating layer is prepared from a slurry by adjusting a particle diameter of an inorganic matter that is an ingredient of the slurry, so that a sinking rate of the inorganic particles may remarkably slow down and dispersibility may be dramatically improved, and as a result, the content of the inorganic particles may relatively increase and the inorganic particles may be uniformly distributed in the coating layer on a substrate, thereby preventing a reduction in battery performance.

Abstract: There is provided a functional layer including a layered double hydroxide (LDH). The functional layer includes a first layer with a thickness of 0.10 ?m or more, the first layer being composed of fine LDH particles having a diameter of less than 0.05 ?m, and a second layer composed of large LDH particles having a mean particle diameter of 0.05 ?m or more, the second layer being an outermost layer provided on the first layer.

Abstract: The present application provides a separator and an energy storage device. The separator comprises: a first porous substrate; and a second porous substrate arranged on at least one surface of the first porous substrate; wherein the elongation at break of the second porous substrate is greater than the elongation at break of the first porous substrate in at least one of the machine and transverse directions of the separator. The separator has a high tensile strength and an elongation at break and good heat resistance, and may improve the safety performance of the energy storage device when the separator is applied to the energy storage device.

Abstract: A battery includes a first portion and a second portion, in which the first portion includes a first positive electrode layer, a first negative electrode layer, and a first solid electrolyte layer located between the first positive electrode layer and the first negative electrode layer, in which the second portion includes a second positive electrode layer, a second negative electrode layer, and a second solid electrolyte layer located between the second positive electrode layer and the second negative electrode layer, in which the first portion and the second portion are in contact with each other, the second portion is more sharply bent than the first portion, the first solid electrolyte layer contains a first binder, the second solid electrolyte layer contains a second binder, and the second solid electrolyte layer containing the second binder has higher flexibility than a flexibility of the first solid electrolyte layer containing the first binder.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a separator for an electrochemical device. The separator includes a porous coating layer containing inorganic particles on the surface of a porous polymer substrate, wherein the porous coating layer includes plate-like inorganic particles and spherical inorganic particles as inorganic particles, and shows a step-wise or successive increase in content of inorganic particles a) from the bottom close to the porous polymer substrate to the top, when viewed from the thickness direction of the porous coating layer, and shows a step-wise or successive decrease in content of inorganic particles b) from the bottom close to the porous polymer substrate to the top, when viewed from the thickness direction of the porous coating layer.

Abstract: A gel polymer coating separator with a multi-core-single-shell structure and a preparation method thereof for making lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract: The separator is used in a battery. The separator includes a porous film and a columnar filler. The porous film is made of resin. The columnar filler is made of insulating ceramic. The columnar filler is filled in the porous film. The axial direction of the columnar filler is in line with the thickness direction of the porous film.

Abstract: An embossed porous membrane wipe and/or a method of making and/or using such embossed microporous membrane wipe. The preferred embossed microporous membrane wipe includes a microporous membrane embossed alone or with a polypropylene nonwoven. The nonwoven may be a spunbond, meltblown, and/or electrospun nonwoven. The microporous membrane may include a biaxially oriented microporous membrane. The biaxially oriented microporous membrane may be made from one or more block copolymers of polyethylene and/or polypropylene. A method of using such an embossed microporous membrane, composite or laminate wipe for skin oil blotting is also provided.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including: a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator including a polyolefin porous film; a porous layer containing a polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin; a positive electrode plate having a capacitance falling within a specific range; and a negative electrode plate having a capacitance falling within a specific range, wherein: the polyolefin porous film has a given rate of diminution of diethyl carbonate and a given spot diameter of the diethyl carbonate; the porous layer is provided between the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator and at least one of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate; and the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin contained in the porous layer contains an ?-form polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin in an amount of not less than 35.0 mol %.

Abstract: A laminated porous film includes a porous base material layer containing polyolefin as a main component; a filler layer containing inorganic particles as a main component; and a resin layer containing resin particles as a main component, the resin particles showing an endothermic curve satisfying conditions (1) and (2) below, the endothermic curve being obtained by differential scanning calorimetry. Condition (1): a temperature at which DDSC is not less than 0.10 mW/min/mg is not less than 70° C. Condition (2): endothermic amount calculated from an area of the endothermic curve in a range of not less than 50° C. and not more than 70° C. is not less than ?20.0 J/g.

Abstract: Provided is a separator for a battery in which, when a ratio of a total length of line segments (Sa), in which an arbitrary straight line (La) intersects with resin fibers (4), to a total length of the straight line (La) on a cross-section of the separator in a thickness direction (TD) is represented by s (%) and when a thickness of the separator is represented by d (?m), 0<s?100, 3?d?50, and 300?d×s?1500 are satisfied, the straight line (La) being parallel to a first main surface (40a) and crossing the cross-section.

Abstract: A composite membrane comprising an organic film layer; and a plurality of ion conductive inorganic particles disposed in the organic film layer, wherein the organic film layer comprises a crosslinked copolymer, and the crosslinked copolymer comprises a fluorine-containing first repeating unit and at least one repeating unit selected from a fluorine-free second repeating unit and a fluorine-free third repeating unit.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery using a solution of an aluminum salt as an electrolyte is disclosed, as well as methods of making the battery and methods of using the battery.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods described herein relate to safety devices for electrochemical cells comprising an electrode tab electrically coupled to an electrode, the electrode including an electrode material disposed on a current collector. In some embodiments, a fuse can be operably coupled to or formed in the electrode tab. In some embodiments, the fuse can be formed by removing a portion of the electrode tab. In some embodiments, the fuse can include a thin strip of electrically resistive material configured to electrically couple multiple electrodes. In some embodiments, the current collector can include a metal-coated deformable mesh material such that the current collector is self-fusing. In some embodiments, the fuse can be configured to deform, break, melt, or otherwise discontinue electrical communication between the electrode and other components of the electrochemical cell in response to a high current condition, a high voltage condition, or a high temperature condition.

Abstract: Provided is a separator for a secondary battery including: a porous substrate; and a coating layer formed on the porous substrate, wherein the coating layer includes a plurality of inorganic particles and a binder for binding the plurality of inorganic particles, and the binder includes a copolymer of a monomer mixture including an acrylamide-based monomer, a vinyl cyanide monomer, and an acrylic monomer having a carboxyl group.

Abstract: A three-dimensional all-solid-state lithium ion batteries including a cathode protection layer, the battery including: a cathode including a plurality of plates which are vertically disposed on a cathode current collector; a cathode protection layer disposed on a surfaces of the cathode and the cathode current collector; a solid state electrolyte layer disposed on the cathode protection layer; an anode disposed on the solid state electrolyte layer; and an anode current collector disposed on the anode, wherein the cathode protection layer is between the cathode and the solid state electrolyte layer, and wherein the solid state electrolyte layer is between the cathode protection layer and the anode.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode arranged opposite to the positive electrode, a composite electrolyte interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the composite electrolyte containing an organic electrolyte and at least one of inorganic compound particles and organic compound particles; and a fibrous substance existed in both of the composite electrolyte and at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.