Abstract: Provided is a nickel-iron battery. The battery comprises a positive nickel electrode, an iron negative electrode, an electrolyte comprising a surfactant, and a non-polar separator. In one embodiment, the non-polar separator is comprised of a polyolefin, and the surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant or a zwitterionic surfactant.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium titanate powder for an electrode of an energy storage device, the lithium titanate powder comprising Li4Ti5O12 as a main component, wherein, when the volume surface diameter calculated from the specific surface area determined by the BET method is represented as DBET and the crystallite diameter calculated from the half-peak width of the peak of the (111) plane of Li4Ti5O12 by the Scherrer equation is represented as DX, DBET is 0.1 to 0.6 ?m, DX is greater than 80 nm, and (DBET/DX (?m/?m)) the ratio of DBET to DX is 3 or less. Also provided are an active material including the lithium titanate powder and an energy storage device using the active material.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes solid-state, printable anode layer, cathode layer and non-aqueous gel electrolyte layer coupled to the anode layer and cathode layer. The electrolyte layer provides physical separation between the anode layer and the cathode layer, and comprises a composition configured to provide ionic communication between the anode layer and cathode layer by facilitating transmission of multivalent ions between the anode layer and the cathode layer.

Abstract: With a small amount of a conductive additive, an electrode for a storage battery including an active material layer which is highly filled with an active material is provided. The use of the electrode enables fabrication of a storage battery having high capacity per unit volume of the electrode. By using graphene as a conductive additive in an electrode for a storage battery including a positive electrode active material, a network for electron conduction through graphene is formed. Consequently, the electrode can include an active material layer in which particles of an active material are electrically connected to each other by graphene. Therefore, graphene is used as a conductive additive in an electrode for a sodium-ion secondary battery including an active material with low electric conductivity, for example, an active material with a band gap of 3.0 eV or more.

Abstract: The catalytic composition for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide is a metal oxide supported by multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The metal oxide may be nickel oxide (NiO) or tin dioxide (SnO2). The metal oxides form 20 wt % of the catalyst. In order to make the catalysts, a metal oxide precursor is first dissolved in deionized water to form a metal oxide precursor solution. The metal oxide precursor solution is then sonicated and the solution is impregnated in a support material composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to form a slurry. The slurry is then sonicated to form a homogeneous solid solution. Solids are removed from the homogeneous solid solution and dried in an oven for about 24 hours at a temperature of about 110° C. Drying is then followed by calcination in a tubular furnace under an argon atmosphere for about three hours at a temperature of 450° C.

Abstract: Provided is an electric storage device including: a first electrode plate; a second electrode plate having a polarity opposite to that of the first electrode plate; and a separator interposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, wherein the first electrode plate includes a current collector and a mixture layer laminated onto the current collector, the mixture layer contains at least one of the binder and the conductive additive, primary particles of an active material, and secondary particles each having a hollow region formed therein by aggregation of a plurality of the primary particles, and the at least one of the binder and the conductive additive is partially distributed in the hollow region.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrode active material for a power storage device and a power storage device including the same. The electrode active material includes a polymer that includes: a tetravalent group derived from a compound selected from the group consisting of EBDT and derivatives thereof, TTF and derivatives thereof, a condensation product of EBDT and TTF and derivatives thereof, and a TTF dimer and derivatives thereof; and a divalent group —S-A-S— where A is a divalent aliphatic group or a divalent group represented by the formula -E-D-E- where D represents a divalent alicyclic group, a divalent aromatic group, or a carbonyl group, and two Es each independently represent a divalent aliphatic group. Adjacent two tetravalent groups mentioned above are linked by one or two divalent groups mentioned above.

Abstract: The present invention provides a highly conductive, highly voltage-resistant, and stable liquid electrolyte solution for capacitors which does not coagulate and is free from precipitation of salts in a wide temperature range, particularly at low temperatures, shows excellent electrical characteristics, and has excellent long-term reliability. The present invention also provides an electric double-layer capacitor and a lithium ion capacitor produced using the electrolyte solution for capacitors. The present invention relates to an electrolyte solution for capacitors including: an organic solvent; and a quaternary ammonium salt or lithium salt dissolved in the organic solvent, the organic solvent containing acetonitrile and a chain alkyl sulfonic compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R1 and R2, which may be the same as or different from each other, each independently represent a straight or branched chain C1-C4 alkyl group.

Abstract: Provided is a nickel-iron battery. The battery comprises a positive nickel electrode, an iron negative electrode, an electrolyte comprising a surfactant, and a non-polar separator. In one embodiment, the non-polar separator is comprised of a polyolefin, and the surfactant comprises a zwitterionic surfactant.

Abstract: A nickel-zinc battery includes a battery housing, a nickel oxide positive electrode supported in the battery housing, a metal substrate negative electrode supported in the battery housing, a spacer disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, an electrolyte contained within the battery housing and a means for circulating electrolyte in fluid communication with the housing for circulating the electrolyte between the positive and negative electrodes. The electrolyte contains zinc and the metal substrate is adapted for deposition of the zinc during charging of the battery. The spacer maintains the positive electrode in a spaced relationship apart from the negative electrode.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a magnesium battery includes a magnesium salt having the formula MgBxHy where x=11-12 and y=11-12. The electrolyte also includes a solvent, the magnesium salt being dissolved in the solvent. Various solvents including aprotic solvents and molten salts such as ionic liquids may be utilized.

Abstract: The electrolyte includes a magnesium salt having the formula Mg(BX4)2 where X is selected from H, F and O-alkyl. The electrolyte also includes a solvent, the magnesium salt being dissolved in the solvent. Various solvents including aprotic solvents and molten salts such as ionic liquids may be utilized.

Abstract: A positive electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery contains a first compound represented by Li3V2(PO4)3 and one or more second compounds selected from vanadium oxide and lithium vanadium phosphate.

Abstract: An enhanced energy storage device such as double layer capacitor or battery is made starting with a substrate capable of conducting stored energy. The substrate material is one in which ordered pores can be formed, creating a template of densely arrayed pores. An electrode comprised of high density carbon nanotubes within the template is grown from and oriented substantially perpendicular to the substrate to constitute an axi-symmetric, ultra-high surface area electrode, and then the template is then selectively and only partially etched. An electrolyte is structurally confined anisotropically around the nanotubes by a remaining portion of the selectively and partially etched template so that substantially enhanced energy storage is obtained. The optimal structural confinement, which causes optimal charge storage, depends upon the amount of partial etching of the template which is defined by the electrolyte selected.

Abstract: Electrode structures, and more specifically, electrode structures for use in electrochemical cells, are provided. The electrode structures described herein may include one or more protective layers. In one set of embodiments, a protective layer may be formed by exposing a lithium metal surface to a plasma comprising ions of a gas to form a ceramic layer on top of the lithium metal. The ceramic layer may be highly conductive to lithium ions and may protect the underlying lithium metal surface from reaction with components in the electrolyte. In some cases, the ions may be nitrogen ions and a lithium nitride layer may be formed on the lithium metal surface. In other embodiments, the protective layer may be formed by converting lithium to lithium nitride at high pressures. Other methods for forming protective layers are also provided.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells having molten electrodes having an alkali metal provide receipt and delivery of power by transporting atoms of the alkali metal between electrode environments of disparate chemical potentials through an electrochemical pathway comprising a salt of the alkali metal. The chemical potential of the alkali metal is decreased when combined with one or more non-alkali metals, thus producing a voltage between an electrode comprising the molten the alkali metal and the electrode comprising the combined alkali/non-alkali metals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium ion secondary battery having a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte composition (electrolytic solution), characterized in that: the positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material represented by: aLi[Li1/3M12/3]O2.(1?a)LiM2O2 (where M1 represents at least one kind of metal element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ti, Zr and V; M2 represents at least one kind of metal element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mn, Al, Cr, Fe, V, Mg and Zn; and a represents a composition ratio and satisfies a relationship of 0<a<1); the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material containing silicon; and the non-aqueous electrolyte composition includes a lithium salt (CnF2n+1SO2)(CmF2m+1SO2)NLi (where m and n each independently represent an integer of 2 or more as a support electrolyte. This lithium ion secondary battery attains a high capacity and good cycle characteristics.

Abstract: Provided is a Mn—Fe battery comprising an iron based electrode comprising a single layer of a conductive substrate coated on at least one side with a coating comprising an iron active material and a binder. The electrode can be prepared by continuously coating each side of the substrate with a coating mixture comprising the iron active material and binder.

Abstract: Electrode structures, and more specifically, electrode structures for use in electrochemical cells, are provided. The electrode structures described herein may include one or more protective layers. In one set of embodiments, a protective layer may be formed by exposing a lithium metal surface to a plasma comprising ions of a gas to form a ceramic layer on top of the lithium metal. The ceramic layer may be highly conductive to lithium ions and may protect the underlying lithium metal surface from reaction with components in the electrolyte. In some cases, the ions may be nitrogen ions and a lithium nitride layer may be formed on the lithium metal surface. In other embodiments, the protective layer may be formed by converting lithium to lithium nitride at high pressures. Other methods for forming protective layers are also provided.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lithium-ion secondary battery with small internal resistance, excellent load characteristics and low reduction in capacitance due to repeated discharge and charge. The lithium-ion secondary battery of the present invention attaining the above purpose comprises a positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte; said positive electrode and negative electrode are configured by binding an active material layer, including an electrode active material and a binder, to a collector; the binder used for at least one of the positive electrode or negative electrode includes polymer particles; and the polymer particles satisfy the following properties: swelling degree in the electrolyte of a sheet-like molded body, obtained by pressure molding of only the polymer particles, is 5 to 50%, and lithium ion conductivity of the sheet-like molded body swollen by the electrolyte is 1×10?4 S·cm or more.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery is provided such that the positive electrode comprises lead dioxide, the negative electrode comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of iron, zinc, cadmium, lanthanum/nickel alloys and titanium/zirconium alloys, and the electrolyte is an aqueous alkali-metal acetate. Upon discharge, the lead dioxide is reduced to lead oxide, and the electrolyte remains unchanged. The reactions are reversed when the battery is charged.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nonaqueous electrolytic solution which enables formation of a nonaqueous-electrolyte battery having high capacity and excellent storage characteristics at high temperatures, while sufficiently enhancing safety at the time of overcharge. A nonaqueous-electrolyte battery produced by using the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is also disclosed. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprises an electrolyte and a nonaqueous solvent, and includes any of specific nonaqueous electrolytic solutions (A) to (D).

Abstract: The invention relates inter alia to an arrangement comprising a carrier (10), a layer and a material (20) enclosed between the carrier and the layer. According to the invention, it is provided that the layer is formed by a single two-dimensionally crosslinked layer (40) or by a plurality of two-dimensionally crosslinked layers which are indirectly or directly connected to one another.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nonaqueous electrolytic solution which forms a nonaqueous-electrolyte battery having high capacity and excellent storage characteristics at high temperatures, while sufficiently enhancing safety at the time of overcharge, and a nonaqueous-electrolyte battery using the same. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution has an electrolyte and a nonaqueous solvent with (A) a compound of formula (2): wherein R7 is an optionally halogenated and/or phenylated alkyl group comprising 1-12 carbon atoms, R8 to R12 are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an optionally halogenated ether or alkyl group comprising 1-12 carbon atoms, and at least one of R8 to R12 is an optionally halogenated alkyl group comprising 2-12 carbon atoms; and/or (B) a carboxylic acid ester with a phenyl group substituted by at least one alkyl group (having 4 or more carbon atoms) that is optionally substituted.

Abstract: Compounds may have general Formula IVA or IVB. where, R8, R9, R10, and R11 are each independently selected from H, F, Cl, Br, CN, NO2, alkyl, haloalkyl, and alkoxy groups; X and Y are each independently O, S, N, or P; and Z? is a linkage between X and Y. Such compounds may be used as redox shuttles in electrolytes for use in electrochemical cells, batteries and electronic devices.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides an electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery, including: a current collector; and an active material layer on the current collector, wherein the active material layer includes an active material adapted to reversibly intercalate and deintercalate lithium ions, a binder, and a pore-forming polymer.

Abstract: An isolated salt comprising a compound of formula (H2X)(TiO(Y)2) or a hydrate thereof, wherein X is 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO), and Y is oxalate anion (C2O4?2), when heated in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of at least about 275° C. to less than about 400° C., decomposes to form an amorphous titania/carbon composite material comprising about 40 to about 50 percent by weight titania and about 50 to about 60 percent by weight of a carbonaceous material coating the titania. Heating the composite material at a temperature of about 400 to 500° C. crystallizes the titania component to anatase. The titania materials of the invention are useful as components of the anode of a lithium or lithium ion electrochemical cell.

Abstract: An electrode for a molten salt battery includes a current collector connectable to an electrode terminal of the molten salt battery and an active material. The current collector has an internal space in which small spaces are mutually coupled. The internal space of the current collector is filled with the active material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nonaqueous electrolytic solution which enables formation of a nonaqueous-electrolyte battery having high capacity and excellent storage characteristics at high temperatures, while sufficiently enhancing safety at the time of overcharge. A nonaqueous-electrolyte battery produced by using the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is also disclosed. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprises an electrolyte and a nonaqueous solvent, and includes any of specific nonaqueous electrolytic solutions (A) to (D).

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a rechargeable battery is provided comprising an electrolyte including an organic solvent and a solution-treated polyolefin separator. A contact angle of the electrolyte including the organic solvent upon the separator may be from 0 to 15 degrees. In one embodiment, the solution-treated polyolefin layer has an increased concentration of ionic functional groups at its surface compared to an untreated polyolefin layer. In another embodiment, the solution-treated polyolefin separator has been treated with a treatment solution having a pH of either at most 2 or at least 12. The separator may be treated with an acid or base solution for at least 30 seconds. The solution-treated separator may exhibit improved wetting with an electrolyte compared to an untreated separator.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte includes: a solvent, an electrolyte salt, and at least one of heteropolyacid salt compounds represented by the following formulae (I) and (II): HxAy[BD12O40].zH2O (I), HpAq[B5D30O110].rH2O (II). A represents Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Al, NH4, or an ammonium salt or phosphonium salt; B represents P, Si, As or Ge; D represents at least one element selected from Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Rh, Cd, In, Sn, Ta, W, Re and Tl; x, y and z are values falling within the ranges of (0?x?1), (2?y?4) and (0?z?5), respectively; and p, q and r are values falling within the ranges of (0?p?5), (10?q?15) and (0?r?15), respectively.

Abstract: Providing is a battery comprising an iron anode, a nickel cathode, and an electrolyte comprised of sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide and a soluble metal sulfide. In one embodiment the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the electrolyte ranges from 6.0 M to 7.5 M, the amount of lithium hydroxide present in the electrolyte ranges from 0.5 to 2.0 M, and the amount of metal sulfide present in the electrolyte ranges from 1-2% by weight.

Abstract: Provided is a battery comprising an iron electrode and an electrolyte comprised of sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide and a soluble metal sulfide. In one embodiment, the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the electrolyte ranges from 6.0 M to 7.5 M, the amount of lithium hydroxide present in the electrolyte ranges from 0.5 M to 2.0 M, and the amount of metal sulfide present in the electrolyte ranges from 1 to 2% by weight.

Abstract: A battery-dedicated electrode foil (32) includes an aluminum electrode foil (33) in which metal aluminum is exposed, and corrosion-resistant layers (34A, 34B) that are formed on surfaces (33a, 33b) of the aluminum electrode foil, and that are in direct contact with the metal aluminum that forms the aluminum electrode foil, and that is made of tungsten carbide.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolytic solution which may suppress the overcharge of a battery and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the solution are provided. The overcharge of the battery is suppressed by undergoing the electrolytic polymerization in the solution when the battery is overcharged, and simultaneously more effectively suppressed by increasing the internal resistance of the battery. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprises a polymer which undergoes the electrolytic polymerization in the range of 4.3V or more to 5.5V or less at the lithium metal standard voltage, having a repeating unit represented by the formula (1), an electrolytic salt and a nonaqueous solvent. [where, A is a functional group which undergoes the electrolytic polymerization in the range of 4.3V or more to 5.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell including at least one nitrogen-containing compound is disclosed. The at least one nitrogen-containing compound may form part of or be included in: an anode structure, a cathode structure, an electrolyte and/or a separator of the electrochemical cell. Also disclosed is a battery including the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a secondary battery (10) containing a nonaqueous electrolyte solution. This method comprises a step (S110) for preparing an electrode assembly (20) having positive and negative electrode sheets (30, 40), a step (S120) for immersing the electrode assembly (20) into a nonaqueous liquid (60), and a step (S130, S140) for placing the electrode assembly (20) after immersion into a battery container (11) together with a nonaqueous electrolyte solution (70). By performing the immersion process, the water content in the electrode assembly (20) moves into the nonaqueous liquid (60).

Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell having an anode including electrochemically active anode material, a cathode including electrochemically active cathode material, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide dissolved in water. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm2 and about 220 mOhm-cm2.

Abstract: In an aspect, a rechargeable lithium battery that includes a positive electrode including a composite positive active material; a negative electrode including a carbon-based negative active material; an electrolyte including an additive, and a lithium salt and an organic solvent, wherein a passivation film may be on a surface of the negative electrode of the rechargeable lithium battery.

Abstract: Disclosed are multilayer, porous, thin-layered lithium-ion batteries that include an inorganic separator as a thin layer that is chemically bonded to surfaces of positive and negative electrode layers. Thus, in such disclosed lithium-ion batteries, the electrodes and separator are made to form non-discrete (i.e., integral) thin layers. Also disclosed are methods of fabricating integrally connected, thin, multilayer lithium batteries including lithium-ion and lithium/air batteries.

Abstract: An inventive electrolyte material contains a lithium salt comprising the following components (A1) and (B), or contains the following components (A1), (A2) and (B): (A1) a lithium cation; (A2) an organic cation; and (B) a cyanofluorophosphate anion represented by the following general formula (1): ?P(CN)nF6-n??(1) wherein n is an integer of 1 to 5. The inventive electrolyte material is excellent in electrochemical properties, i.e., has a higher electrical conductivity and a higher oxidation potential, and is capable of forming an electrode protection film, so that a highly safe lithium secondary battery can be provided.

Abstract: An electrolyte includes an eutectic mixture composed of (a) a hetero cyclic compound having a predetermined chemistry figure, and (b) an ionizable lithium salt. An electrochemical device having the electrolyte. The eutectic mixture included in the electrolyte exhibits inherent characteristics of an eutectic mixture such as excellent thermal stability and excellent chemical stability, thereby improving the problems such as evaporation, ignition and side reaction of an electrolyte caused by the usage of existing organic solvents.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell and its method of operation includes an electrolyte having a binary salt system of an alkali hydroxide and a second alkali salt. The anode, cathode, and electrolyte may be in the molten phase. The cell is operational for both storing electrical energy and as a source of electrical energy as part of an uninterruptible power system. The cell is particularly suited to store electrical energy produced by a renewable energy source.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery including boron containing compounds and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sulfur-carbon composite materials comprising (A) at least one carbon composite material comprising (a) a carbonization product of at least one carbonaceous starting material, incorporating (aa) particles of at least one electrically conductive additive, the particles having an aspect ratio of at least 10, and (B) elemental sulfur. In addition, the present invention also relates to a process for producing inventive sulfur-carbon composite materials, to cathode materials for electrochemical cells comprising inventive sulfur-carbon composite materials, to corresponding electrochemical cells and to the use of carbon composite materials for production of electrochemical cells.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes: an electrode assembly including a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate disposed with a separator interposed therebetween; and an outer body storing the electrode assembly and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The nonaqueous electrolyte contains an additive to form a covering on a surface of a positive electrode active material and LiPF2O2. Preferably, the additive to form the covering on the surface of the positive electrode active material is 1,3-propane sultone. Preferably, a lithium-transition metal compound contains at least one of nickel and manganese.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery is provided such that the positive electrode comprises lead dioxide, the negative electrode comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of iron, zinc, cadmium, lanthanum/nickel alloys and titanium/zirconium alloys, and the electrolyte is an aqueous alkali-metal acetate. Upon discharge, the lead dioxide is reduced to lead oxide, and the electrolyte remains unchanged. The reactions are reversed when the battery is charged.

Abstract: Representative embodiments provide a liquid or gel separator utilized to separate and space apart first and second conductors or electrodes of an energy storage device, such as a battery or a supercapacitor. A representative liquid or gel separator comprises a plurality of particles, typically having a size (in any dimension) between about 0.5 to about 50 microns; a first, ionic liquid electrolyte; and a polymer. In another representative embodiment, the plurality of particles comprise diatoms, diatomaceous frustules, and/or diatomaceous fragments or remains. Another representative embodiment further comprises a second electrolyte different from the first electrolyte; the plurality of particles are comprised of silicate glass; the first and second electrolytes comprise zinc tetrafluoroborate salt in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidalzolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid; and the polymer comprises polyvinyl alcohol (“PVA”) or polyvinylidene fluoride (“PVFD”).

Abstract: The invention relates to a lithium battery including a cell comprising: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte consisting of an aqueous solution of a lithium salt, characterized in that the electrolyte has a pH of at least 14, the positive electrode has a lithium intercalation potential greater than 3.4 V, and the negative electrode has a lithium intercalation potential less than 2.2 V.

Abstract: A battery electrolyte solution contains from 0.01 to 80% by weight of an aromatic phosphorus compound. The aromatic phosphorus compound provides increased thermal stability for the electrolyte, helping to reduce thermal degradation, thermal runaway reactions and the possibility of burning. The aromatic phosphorus compound has little adverse impact on the electrical properties of the battery, and in some cases actually improves battery performance.