Abstract: To provide a lithium secondary battery which has high capacity while maintaining excellent cycle characteristic. The lithium secondary battery cathode of the present invention includes a cathode collector formed of a conductive substance, and a cathode active material layer formed of a sintered lithium composite oxide sheet. The cathode active material layer is bonded to the cathode collector by the mediation of a conductive bonding layer. A characteristic feature of the present invention resides in that the cathode active material layer has a thickness of 30 ?m or more, a voidage of 3 to 30%, and an open pore ratio of 70% or higher.

Abstract: The present invention provides one with a novel coated iron electrode. Provided is an iron based electrode comprising a single layer conductive substrate coated on at least one side with a multilayered coating, with each coating layer comprising an iron active material, and preferably a binder. The coating is comprised of at least two layers. Each layer has at least a different porosity or composition than an adjacent layer. The iron based electrode is useful in alkaline rechargeable batteries, particularly as a negative electrode in a Ni—Fe battery.

Abstract: A cathode active material of a lithium ion battery includes a number of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 particles and an AlF3 layer coated on a surface of the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 particles. A method for making the cathode active material is provided. In the method, a number of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 particles are provided. The LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 particles are added to a trivalent aluminum source solution to form a solid-liquid mixture. A fluorine source solution is put into the solid-liquid mixture to react and form an AlF3 layer coated on the surface of the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 particles. The coated LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 particles are heat treated to form the cathode active material. A lithium ion battery including the cathode active material is also provided.

Abstract: In a (001) pole figure of the active material particles, where a plane parallel to the substrate is defined as the equatorial plane, a Lotgering factor fa(001) of an A plane and a Lotgering factor fh(001) of a B plane satisfy both Expressions (1) and (2) below, the A plane being an equatorial cross section perpendicular to a line that connects the center of the (001) pole figure and a first point of maximum XRD intensity of peaks attributed to (001) planes at the outer periphery of the equatorial plane, the B plane being an equatorial cross section perpendicular to a line that connects the center of the (001) pole figure and a second point of minimum XRD intensity of peaks attributed to the (001) planes at the outer periphery of the equatorial plane: fa(001)>0.3 ??Expression (1) fa(001)?fb(001)<1.0 ??Expression (2).

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery is prevented from decreasing the remaining capacity and returned capacity at the time of continuous charge at high voltages and high temperatures. The battery has positive and negative electrodes, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing ethylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate as a solvent. The positive electrode contains a positive-electrode active material with the fine particles of a rare earth element compound deposited on its surface in a dispersed state.

Abstract: A composite porous membrane is a composite porous membrane, wherein a porous membrane B including a heat-resistant resin is laminated on the surface of a polypropylene resin of an outermost layer of a porous membrane A composed of at least one layer, wherein at least one of the outermost layers comprises the polypropylene resin. The composite porous membrane satisfies a particular range of peeling strength at the interface between the porous membrane A and the porous membrane B and a particular range of difference between air resistance of the whole composite porous membrane and air resistance of the porous membrane A, provided that the porous membrane A satisfies a particular range of average pore size and porosity.

Abstract: One embodiment includes a battery cell electrode having a first material constructed and arranged to be charged and discharged and having a first potential versus state of charge relationship; a second material having a second potential versus state of charge relationship; wherein said second material is constructed and arranged to become active to transfer ions at a selected state of charge level to produce an observable change in measured potential from said first to said second potential versus relationship, and wherein the amount of the second material ranges from about 2 to about 30 weight percent of the battery cell electrode.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material is provided to contain: a solid solution lithium-containing transition metal oxide (A) represented by Li1.5[NiaCobMnc[Li]d]O3 (where a, b, c and d satisfy the relations of 0.2?a?0.7, 0.1?d?0.4, a+b+c+d=1.5, 1.1?a+b+c?1.35, and 0<b/a<1); and a lithium-containing transition metal oxide (B) represented by Li1.0Nia?Cob?Mnc?O2 (where a?, b? and c? satisfy the relation of a?+b?+c?=1.0).

Abstract: A lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide cathode material includes a plurality of secondary particles. Each secondary particle consists of aggregates of fine primary particles. Each secondary particle includes lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide, which is expressed as LiaNi1-b-cCobMncO2. An average formula of each secondary particle satisfies one condition of 0.9?a?1.2, 0.08?b?0.34, 0.1?c?0.4, and 0.18?b+c?0.67. The lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide has a structure with different chemical compositions of primary particles from the surface toward core of each of the secondary particles. The primary particle with rich Mn content near the surface and the primary particle with rich Ni content in the core of the secondary particle of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide cathode material have provided the advantages of high safety and high capacity.

Abstract: A separator for use in a lithium ion battery to provide a physical and electrically insulative mechanical barrier between confronting inner face surfaces of a negative electrode and a positive electrode may be formed predominantly of heat-resistant particles. The heat-resistant particles, which have diameters that range from about 0.01 ?m to about 10 ?m, are held together as a thin-layered, handleable, and unified mass by a porous inert polymer material. The high content of heat-resistant particles amassed between the confronting inner face surfaces of the negative and positive electrodes provides the separator with robust thermal stability at elevated temperatures. Methods for making these types of separators by a phase-separation process are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium secondary battery having improved discharge characteristics in a range of high-rate discharge while minimizing a dead volume and at the same time, having increased cell capacity via increased electrode density and electrode loading amounts, by inclusion of two or more active materials having different redox levels so as to exert superior discharge characteristics in the range of high-rate discharge via sequential action of cathode active materials in a discharge process, and preferably having different particle diameters.

Abstract: A positive active material for an alkaline secondary battery having a core layer containing nickel hydroxide and a conductive auxiliary layer which coats the surface of the core layer, wherein the conductive auxiliary layer contains a cobalt oxyhydroxide phase and a cerium dioxide phase, and the active material contains lithium.

Abstract: An object is to provide a transparent conductive film having favorable transparency and conductivity at low cost. Another object is to reduce the resistivity of a transparent conductive film formed using conductive oxynitride including zinc and aluminum. Another object is to provide a transparent conductive film that is formed using conductive oxynitride including zinc and aluminum. When aluminum and nitrogen are made to be included in a transparent conductive film formed using oxide including zinc to form a transparent conductive film that is formed using conductive oxynitride including zinc and aluminum, the transparent conductive film can have reduced resistivity. Heat treatment after the formation of the transparent conductive film that is formed using conductive oxynitride including zinc and aluminum enables reduction in resistivity of the transparent conductive film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery which has a high capacity and good rate characteristics can be provided. The positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery has a layer structure represented by the compositional formula: Lix(NiyMe1-y)Oz (wherein Me represents at least one type selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Al, Mg, Cr, Ti, Fe, Nb, Cu and Zr, x denotes a number from 0.9 to 1.2, y denotes a number from 0.70 to 0.79, and z denotes a number of 1.9 or more), wherein the coordinates of the lattice constant a and compositional ratio (Li/M) are within the region enclosed by three lines given by the equations: y=1.108, y=?37.298x+108.27, and y=75.833x?217.1 on a graph in which the x-axis represents a lattice constant a and the y-axis represents a compositional ratio (Li/M) of Li to M, and the lattice constant c is 14.2 to 14.25.

Abstract: To provide a lithium secondary battery which has high capacity while maintaining excellent charge-discharge characteristic, and to provide a cathode of the lithium secondary battery and a plate-like particle for cathode active material to be contained in the cathode. The plate-like particle of cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery of the present invention has a layered rock salt structure, a thickness of 5 ?m or more and less than 30 ?m, 2 or less of [003]/[104] which is a ratio of intensity of X-ray diffraction by the (003) plane to intensity of X-ray diffraction by the (104) plane, a mean pore size of 0.1 to 5 ?m, and a voidage of 3% or more and less than 15%.

Abstract: A positive electrode mixture for nonaqueous batteries, is formed by adding 0.5 to 10 wt. parts of an organic acid per 100 wt. parts of an electroconductive additive, to a mixture of a composite metal oxide as a positive electrode active substance, a higher order-structured carbon black as the electroconductive additive, a binder of a fluorine-containing copolymer of at least three comonomers including vinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene and a flexibility-improving fluorine-containing monomer, and an organic solvent. Further, the mixture is applied on at least one side of an electroconductive sheet, and then dried and compressed to form a positive electrode mixture layer. As a result, it is possible to provide a positive electrode structure having a thick and sound positive electrode mixture layer of a high energy density.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide a practical slurry having a polar solvent as the dispersion medium for a sulfide solid electrolyte material. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem by providing a slurry having: a sulfide solid electrolyte material, and a dispersion medium having at least one selected from the group consisting of tertiary amine; ether; thiol; ester having a functional group of a 3 or more carbon number bonded with a carbon atom of an ester bonding and a functional group of a 4 or more carbon number bonded with an oxygen atom of the ester bonding; and ester having a benzene ring bonded with a carbon atom of an ester bonding.

Abstract: The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery which has high capacity and good rate characteristics. The positive electrode active material has a layer structure represented by the compositional formula: Li?(Ni?Me1-?)O?, wherein Me represents at least one type selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Al, Mg, Cr, Ti, Fe, Nb, Cu and Zr, x denotes a number from 0.9 to 1.2, y denotes a number from 0.5 to 0.65, and z denotes a number of 1.9 or more. The positive electrode active material is selected by measuring the coordinates of the lattice constant a and compositional ratio (Li/M) and selecting materials within the region enclosed by three lines given by the equations: y=?20.186x+59.079, y=35x?99.393, and y=?32.946x+95.78, wherein the x-axis represents a lattice constant a and the y-axis represents a compositional ratio (Li/M) of Li to M.

Abstract: Positive electrode active materials for lithium ion batteries having good characteristics are disclosed. In one embodiment, a positive electrode active material has a layer structure represented by the compositional formula: Lix(NiyMe1-y)Oz (wherein Me represents at least one type selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Al, Mg, Cr, Ti, Fe, Nb, Cu and Zr, x denotes a number from 0.9 to 1.2, y denotes a number from 0.80 to 0.89, and z denotes a number of 1.9 or more), wherein the coordinates of the lattice constant a and compositional ratio (Li/M) are within the region enclosed by four lines given by the equations: y=1.01, y=1.10, x=2.8748, and x=2.87731 on a graph in which the x-axis represents a lattice constant a and the y-axis represents a compositional ratio (Li/M) of Li to M, and the lattice constant c is 14.2 to 14.25.

Abstract: In an alkaline storage battery positive electrode, the surface of positive electrode active material particles is uniformly coated with a conductive agent and the alkaline storage battery positive electrode is capable of suppressing an increase in internal battery resistance. The method of fabricating includes: (A) fixing active material particles to a current collector, the active material particles containing, as a main component, nickel hydroxide coated with a conductive agent, the conductive agent containing, as a main component, at least one kind of cobalt compound selected from the group consisting of cobalt hydroxide, tricobalt tetroxide, and cobalt oxyhydroxide; and (B) reducing the cobalt atom in the cobalt compound such that the cobalt atom has an oxidation number of less than +2, by applying a reduction current in an electrolyte solution to the current collector to which the active material particles are fixed, after the step (A).

Abstract: A positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery including a lithium-nickel cobalt manganese composite metal oxide; and 0.18 to 0.25 wt % of sulfur is provided.

Abstract: A thermally managed Li-ion battery assembly including an anode and a cathode, wherein at least one of the anode and the cathode includes a thermocrystal metamaterial structure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a porous silicon-based electrode active material, comprising a silicon phase, a SiOx (0<x<2) phase and a silicon dioxide phase and having a porosity of 7-71%.

Abstract: In a titanium oxide compound according to the present invention, the titanium oxide compound is obtained by eluating potassium of potassium tetratitanate expressed by a general formula K2Ti4O9 and performing thermal processing, and, in an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the potassium tetratitanate obtained by using a Cu—K? ray source, between a peak intensity Ia of a (200) plane, a peak intensity Ic of a (004) plane and a peak intensity Ib of a (31-3) plane, a relationship of Ia>Ib>Ic is satisfied.

Abstract: A ply includes a fibrous nonwoven web fabric forming a foundational structure, wherein the foundational structure includes fibers forming first pores and is partially filled with particles, wherein the particles at least partially fill the first pores so as to form regions filled with particles, wherein the particles in the filled regions form second pores, and wherein an average diameter of the particles is greater than an average pore size of more than 50% of the second pores.

Abstract: Supplemental lithium can be used to stabilize lithium ion batteries with lithium rich metal oxides as the positive electrode active material. Dramatic improvements in the specific capacity at long cycling have been obtained. The supplemental lithium can be provided with the negative electrode, or alternatively as a sacrificial material that is subsequently driven into the negative electrode active material. The supplemental lithium can be provided to the negative electrode active material prior to assembly of the battery using electrochemical deposition. The positive electrode active materials can comprise a layered-layered structure comprising manganese as well as nickel and/or cobalt.

Abstract: A layer includes a main body having a plurality of first pores and at least one crosslinked binder.

Abstract: In an alkaline battery, a positive electrode 2 containing manganese dioxide, a negative electrode 3, and a separator 4 interposed therebetween are housed in a closed-end cylindrical battery case 1 whose opening 1b is sealed with a gasket. The positive electrode contains graphite in such a manner that a ratio of graphite to the positive electrode is in the range of 2.5-4.3 mass %. A half-width of a 110 plane of the manganese dioxide measured by a powder X-ray diffraction analysis is in the range of 2.00-2.40 degrees.

Abstract: A composition for forming an electrode. The composition includes a metal fluoride compound doped with a dopant. The addition of the dopant: (i) improves the bulk conductivity of the composition as compared to the undoped metal fluoride compound; (ii) changes the bandgap of the composition as compared to the undoped metal fluoride compound; or (iii) induces the formation of a conductive metallic network. A method of making the composition is included.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium ion secondary battery including: a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material layer comprising a positive electrode active material capable of absorbing and releasing lithium ions, and a positive electrode current collector; a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material layer comprising an alloy-formable active material, and a negative electrode current collector; a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode active material layer has an easily swellable resin having a degree of swelling with the non-aqueous electrolyte of 20% or more, and the negative electrode active material layer has a hardly swellable resin having a degree of swelling with the non-aqueous electrolyte of less than 20%.

Abstract: A sodium secondary battery capable of reducing the amount used of a scarce metal element such as lithium and cobalt and moreover, ensuring a larger discharge capacity after repeating charge/discharge as compared with conventional techniques, and a mixed metal oxide usable as the positive electrode active material therefor. The mixed metal oxide comprises Na, Mn and M1 wherein M1 is Fe or Ni, with a Na:Mn:M1 molar ratio being a:(1?b):b wherein a is a value falling within the range of more than 0.5 and less than 1, and b is a value falling within the range of from 0.001 to 0.5. Another mixed metal oxide is a mixed metal oxide represented by the following formula (1): NaaMn1?bM1bO2 (1) wherein M1, a and b each have the same meaning as above. The positive electrode active material for sodium secondary batteries comprises the mixed metal oxide above.

Abstract: A secondary battery is configured to reduce contact resistance by improving structures of an electrode tab and a lead. The secondary battery with enhanced contact resistance includes an electrode assembly in which a cathode plate having a cathode tab, an anode plate having an anode tab and a separator are stacked alternately, a battery case accommodating the electrode assembly, and an anode lead electrically connected to the anode tab, wherein the battery case is sealed while accommodating the electrode assembly, and the anode lead and the cathode tab are exposed out of the battery case.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries which achieves high output and high capacity when used as a positive electrode material. Disclosed is a method for manufacturing the positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, the method comprising: a first step, wherein an alkaline solution with a tungsten compound dissolved therein is added to and mixed with a lithium metal composite oxide powder represented by a general formula LizNi1-x-yCoxMyO2 (wherein, 0.10?x?0.35, 0?y?0.35, 0.97?Z?1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithium secondary battery having a great output power in a low SOC range and a positive electrode active material for use in the battery. The battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode comprises a positive electrode active material in a form of secondary particles as aggregates of primary particles of a lithium transition metal oxide. The positive electrode active material comprises at least one species of Ni, Co and Mn, and further comprises W and Mg. The W is present, concentrated on surfaces of the primary particles while the Mg is present throughout the primary particles. The Mg content in the positive electrode active material is higher than 50 ppm relative, to the total amount of the active material based on the mass.

Abstract: A process for preparing modified mixed transition metal oxides, which comprises treating a precursor of a mixed oxide which comprises lithium and at least two transition metals as cations with at least one substance which is selected from compounds of phosphorus, silicon, titanium, boron or aluminum having at least one phenoxy or alkoxy group or at least one halogen.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the invention, an electrolytic solution for a lithium battery including a cathode having a nickel (Ni)-cobalt (Co)-manganese (Mn)-based active material includes a nonaqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and adiponitrile. A lithium battery employs the electrolytic solution. A method of operating the battery includes charging the battery to a final charge voltage of about 4.25V or greater.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode for a lithium battery that contains LiFePO4 as electrochemically active material and a binder consisting of polyacrylic acid. The polyacrylic acid has a mean molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,250,000 g·mol?1 and strictly less than 2,000,000 g·mol?1. The percentage of LiFePO4 is greater than 90% by weight and the percentage of polyacrylic acid is less than or equal to 4%, said percentages being calculated with respect to the total weight of the electrode. The invention further relates to a lithium storage battery having a power or energy operating mode that contains the electrode for a lithium battery.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an anode active material for a lithium secondary battery comprising the following steps of: a) simultaneously mixing a first metallic salt aqueous solution including nickel, cobalt, manganese and optionally a transition metal, a chelating agent, and a basic aqueous solution in a reactor, and mixing with a lithium raw material and calcining to manufacture a center part including the compound of following Chemical Formula 1: Lix1[Ni1?y1?z1?w1Coy1Mnz1Mw1]O2??Chemical Formula 1 (wherein, 0.9?x1?1.3, 0.1?y1?0.3, 0.0?z1?0.3, 0?w1?0.

Abstract: A nonaqueous secondary battery containing a positive electrode having a positive electrode mixture layer, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode comprises, as active materials, two or more lithium-containing transition metal oxides having different average particle sizes, and the lithium-containing transition metal oxide having the smallest average particle size contains one or more of Mg, Ti, Zr, Ge, Nb, Al and Sn.

Abstract: A coated nickel hydroxide powder suitable as a cathode active material for alkaline secondary battery includes nickel hydroxide powder particles which have a coating layer thereon of preferably cobalt hydroxide or cobalt oxyhydroxide.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium mixed transition metal oxide having a composition represented by Formula I of LixMyO2 (M, x and y are as defined in the specification) having mixed transition metal oxide layers (“MO layers”) comprising Ni ions and lithium ions, wherein lithium ions intercalate into and deintercalate from the MO layers and a portion of MO layer-derived Ni ions are inserted into intercalation/deintercalation layers of lithium ions (“reversible lithium layers”) thereby resulting in the interconnection between the MO layers. The lithium mixed transition metal oxide of the present invention has a stable layered structure and therefore exhibits improved stability of the crystal structure upon charge/discharge. In addition, a battery comprising such a cathode active material can exhibit a high capacity and a high cycle stability.

Abstract: An antimony based anode material for a rechargeable battery comprises nanoparticles of composition SbMxOy where M is a further element selected from the group consisting of Sn, Ni, Cu, In, Al, Ge, Pb, Bi, Fe, Co, Ga, with 0?x<2 and 0?y?2.5+2x. The nanoparticles form a substantially monodisperse ensemble with an average size not exceeding a value of 30 nm and by a size deviation not exceeding 15%. A method for preparing the antimony based anode material is carried out in situ in a non-aqueous solvent and starts by reacting an antimony salt and an organometallic amide reactant and oleylamine.

Abstract: A positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery including a core including at least one selected from a nickel-based composite oxide represented by Chemical Formula 1 or a lithium manganese oxide represented by Chemical Formula 2; and a coating layer on a surface of the core and including a lithium metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 3, the positive active material having a peak at a 2? value of about 19° to about 22° and another peak at a 2? value of about 40° to about 45° in an X-ray diffraction pattern using a CuK? ray, is disclosed. A method of preparing the same, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same, are also disclosed. LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2??Chemical Formula 1 LiaMnbOc??Chemical Formula 2 Li2MO3??Chemical Formula 3 In Chemical Formulae 1 to 3, x, y, a, b, c, and M are the same as in the detailed description.

Abstract: A positive active material is disclosed that includes a lithium nickel composite oxide represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, wherein a full width at half maximum (FWHM003) at a (003) plane in X-ray diffraction ranges from about 0.12 to about 0.155, and a rechargeable lithium ion battery including the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an anode for a secondary battery, comprising a wire-type current collector; a metallic anode active material layer formed on the surface of the wire-type current collector and comprising a metallic anode active material; and an inert metal layer formed on the surface of the metallic anode active material layer and having no reactivity with lithium.

Abstract: Provided is a new 5 V class spinel exhibiting an operating potential of 4.5 V or more (5 V class), which can suppress the amount of gas generation during high temperature cycles. Suggested is a manganese spinel-type lithium transition metal oxide represented by formula: Li[NiyMn2-(a+b)-y-zLiaTibMz]O4 (wherein 0?z?0.3, 0.3?y<0.6, and M=at least one or more metal elements selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Fe and Co), in which in the above formula, the following relationships are satisfied: a>0, b>0, and 2?b/a?8.

Abstract: In an aspect, a negative active material, a negative electrode and a lithium battery including the negative active material, and a method of manufacturing the negative active material is provided. The negative active material includes a silicon-based active material substrate; a metal oxide nanoparticle disposed on a surface of the silicon-based active material substrate. An initial irreversible capacity of the lithium battery may be decreased and lifespan characteristics may be improved by using the negative active material.

Abstract: A power storage device a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material layer and a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer includes a plurality of particles of x[Li2MnO3]-(1?x)[LiCo1/3Mn1/3Ni1/3O2] (obtained by assigning 0.5 to x, for example) which is a positive electrode active material, and multilayer graphene with which the plurality of particles of the positive electrode active material are at least partly connected to each other. In the multilayer graphene, a plurality of graphenes are stacked in a layered manner. The graphene contains a six-membered ring composed of carbon atoms, a poly-membered ring which is a seven or more-membered ring composed of carbon atoms, and an oxygen atom bonded to one or more of the carbon atoms in the six-membered ring and the poly-membered ring, which is a seven or more-membered ring.

Abstract: An electrode material having excellent electron conductivity, load characteristics, and cycle characteristics is provided. The electrode material includes an electrode active material represented by LixFeyAzBO4 (here, A represents either or both selected from a group consisting of Mn and Co, B represents one or more selected from a group consisting of P, Si, and S, 0?x<4, 0<y<1.5, and 0?z<1.5) as a main component and nickel, particle surfaces of the electrode active material are coated with a carbonaceous film, and a content of the nickel is in a range of 1 ppm to 100 ppm.

Abstract: An electrode material for use in an electrochemical cell, like a lithium-ion battery, is provided. The electrode material may be a negative electrode comprising graphite, silicon, silicon-alloys, or tin-alloys, for example. By avoiding deposition of transition metals, the battery substantially avoids charge capacity fade during operation. The surface coating is particularly useful with negative electrodes to minimize or prevent deposition of transition metals thereon in the electrochemical cell. The coating has a thickness of less than or equal to about 40 nm. Methods for making such materials and using such coatings to minimize transition metal deposition in electrochemical cells are likewise provided.