Abstract: Alkaline electrochemical cells with substantially increased performance characteristics have a porous anode, with a porosity equal to or greater than 69%, and a porous cathode, comprising manganese dioxide and having a porosity equal to or greater than 26%.

Abstract: A primary alkaline battery includes a cathode including a nickel oxyhydroxide and an anode including zinc or zinc alloy particles. Performance of the nickel oxyhydroxide alkaline cell is improved by adding zinc fines to the anode.

Abstract: A battery (100) comprises an electrolyte in which a lanthanide and zinc form a redox pair. Preferred electorlytes are acid electrolytes, and most preferably comprise methane sulfonic acid, and it is further contemplated that suitable electrolytes may include at least two lanthanides. Contemplated lanthanides include cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, and dysprosium, and further contemplate lanthanides are samarium, europium, thulium and ytterbium.

Abstract: An end cap seal assembly for an electrochemical cell such as an alkaline cell is disclosed. The end cap assembly comprises a convoluted end cap which may also function as a cell terminal and an underlying insulating sealing disk. The insulating sealing disk comprises a central boss and radially extending arm terminating in a downwardly sloped elbow and upwardly sloped peripheral edge. The end cap disk has at least one vent aperture therethrough which faces the ambient environment. The insulating disk has an annular groove in its top or bottom surface, which preferably circumvents the central boss. The base of the groove defines an a rupturable membrane portion of the insulating sealing disk. The rupturable membrane is designed to rupture, preferably when the cell internal gas pressure reaches a level between about 150 and 900 psig (1034×103 and 6206×103 pascal gage) advantageously, between about 150 and 700 psig (1034×103 and 4827×103 pascal gage).

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide an electrolytic solution for alkaline batteries which inhibits hydrogen gas evolution and thereby prevents battery leakage and an alkaline battery containing the electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution for alkaline batteries is characterized by containing aluminum at an ion concentration of 5 to 200 ppm.

Abstract: A zinc electrode composition for use in low toxicity, high energy density cells having an alkaline electrolyte. The zinc electrode comprises zinc oxide, a binder, and from between 0.1 up to 10% of a fluoride of an element chosen from the group consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, titanium, aluminum, and combinations thereof. The invention also provides an electrochemical cell having an electrode as noted above. The inventive cell further comprises an electrolyte which contains a mixture of sodium, potassium, and lithium hydroxides, together with boric acid. The excess alkali hydroxide is present in the range of 2.7 to 5M, and the concentration of boric acid is between 0.6 and 1.3 moles per liter.

Abstract: A heavy metal-free rechargeable Zinc electrode for use in storage cells having alkaline electrolyte has been developed. The electrode includes a current collector and an active mass based on metallic zinc and zinc oxide powders, calcium hydroxide, indium hydroxide, indium sulfate, bismuth-oxide and a binder. The electrodes have been successfully used in Ni—Zn and Ag—Zn cells. The electrodes lead to environmentally benign alkaline cells. The electrodes have additional advantages over the prior art electrodes in terms of initial capacity and cyclability.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is provided wherein the positive electrode is made from a lithium-metal composite oxide represented by the general formula Lix(Ni1-y, Coy)1-zMzO2 (0.98≦x≦1.10, 0.05≦y≦0.4, 0.01≦z≦0.2, in which M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Mn, Ti, Fe, Cu, Zn and Ga), and having an average particle diameter of 5 &mgr;m to 10 &mgr;m a C-amount of 0.14 wt % or less measured by way of the high-frequency heating-IR absorption method, and a Karl Fischer moisture content of 0.2 wt % or less when heated to 180° C. and the method comprising the steps of applying a paste of active material for positive electrode to electrode plate to make an electrode, then drying the electrode, and pressing and then installing the electrode in a battery, in a work atmosphere having an absolute moisture content of 10 g/m3 or less.

Abstract: A nickel zinc alkaline cell has a zinc oxide negative electrode supported on a conductive substrate, an alkaline electrolyte, and a positive electrode having nickel hydroxide paste supported on a conductive substrate. The positive electrode further comprises 0.01% to 1% by weight of a fluoride salt, which is a salt of a metal chosen from the group consisting of: potassium, sodium, lithium, rubidium, caesium, a group II metal, a group III metal, a d-block transition metal, an f-block lanthanide, and mixtures thereof. Typically, the fluoride salt is potassium fluoride.

Abstract: An alkaline battery includes a cathode including lambda-manganese dioxide, an anode including zinc, a separator between the cathode and the anode, and an alkaline electrolyte contacting the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrochemical cell is disclosed. The method comprises contacting a negative pole layer and a positive pole layer one with the other or with an optional layer interposed therebetween. The pole layers and the optional layer therebetween are selected so as to self-form an interfacial separator layer between the pole layers upon such contacting.

Abstract: A nickel-zinc galvanic cell is provided, having a pasted zinc oxide negative electrode, a pasted nickel oxide positive electrode, and an alkaline electrolyte. Chemical additives are placed in each of the negative and positive electrodes. The positive nickel hydroxide electrode contains a mixture of co-precipitated cobalt oxide in the range of 1% to 10%, and freely added, finely divided cobalt metal in the range of 1% to 5%, by weight. The negative zinc oxide electrode contains oxides other than the oxide of zinc, which have redox potentials which are negative of 0.73 volts. Also, the metal oxide additives to the negative zinc oxide electrode are such as to inhibit release of soluble cobalt from the nickel oxide negative electrode prior to a formation charge being applied to the electrochemical cell. The nickel-zinc cell contains 1% to 15% of the defined metal oxides, having a solubility less than 10−4M in the alkaline electrolyte.

Abstract: An alkaline battery having as an anode a zinc or zinc alloy powder obtained by dropping molten zinc or a molten zinc alloy to form a molten metal droplets stream and striking an atomizing medium jet emitted from a nozzle against the molten metal stream at right angles to atomize the molten zinc or the molten zinc alloy, wherein two or more the nozzles are arranged in parallel to each other, the orifice of each of the nozzles has a V-shaped, U-shaped, X-shaped or arc-shaped cross-section, the atomizing medium is air or an inert gas, two or more the molten metal streams have at least two different flow rates selected from a range 0.04 to 025 kg/sec, and two or more of the atomizing medium jets have at least two different atomizing pressures selected from a range 4 to 9 kg/cm2.

Abstract: An alkaline battery includes a cathode including lambda-manganese dioxide, an anode including zinc, a separator between the cathode and the anode, and an alkaline electrolyte contacting the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: The invention relates to secondary alkaline electrochemical generators with a zinc anode in an electrolyte, the active mass of said anode comprising at least one conductive ceramic. According to the invention, the electrolyte of the generator is made up of a highly-concentrated alkaline solution and/or the active mass of the zinc anode contains an additive comprising at least one alkaline titanate having general formula M2OnTiO2mxH2O, wherein M denotes Li, Na, K, Rb or Cs, n being between 0.5 and 2, m being between 1 and 10 and x being between 0 and 10, or alkaline earth having general formula MOnTiO2mxH2O, wherein M denotes Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba, n being between 1 and 5, m being between 1 and 10 and x being between 0 and 10. The invention also relates to the zinc anode of the generators used in the invention and the production method thereof.

Abstract: In order to obtain an alkaline dry battery low in the possibility of electrolyte leakage and excellent in discharge performance as well as an alkaline dry battery which is not likely to cause an internal short circuit even with the use of a thin separator, as a zinc powder used is one including 65 to 75 wt % of first zinc particles having a particle size of larger than 75 &mgr;m and not larger than 425 &mgr;m, and 25 to 35 wt % of second zinc particles having a particle size of not larger than 75 &mgr;m.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell 30 which contains both a cathode 32 and an anode 34. The anode contains a mixture of uniformly shaped particles 10 and electrolyte. The anode can also contain a zinc powder comprising non-uniform shaped, which can be mixed with the uniformly shaped particles of the present invention.

Abstract: A lithium-nickel complex oxide material for active material for positive electrode of a lithium secondary battery is provided and expressed by the general formula Lix(Ni1-yCoy)1-zMzO2 (where, 0.98≦x≦1.10, 0.05≦y≦0.4, 0.01≦z≦0.2, M=at least one element selected from the group of Al, Zn, Ti and Mg), wherein according to Rietveld analysis, the Li site occupancy rate for the Li site in the crystal is 98% or greater, and the average particle size of the spherical secondary particles is 5 &mgr;m to 15 &mgr;m, and wherein the difference in specific surface area between before and after the washing process is 1.0 m2/g or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery comprising an overdischarge-preventing agent. Particularly, the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery comprising an overdischarge-preventing agent having superior effects for an overdischarge test and showing 90% or more capacity recovery after the test, by introducing lithium nickel oxide into a cathode for a lithium secondary battery comprising a lithium transition metal oxide capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions as an overdischarge-preventing agent to supply lithium ions such that irreversible capacity of an anode can be compensated or better, thereby lowering voltage of a cathode first to prevent voltage increase of an anode during the overdischarge test.

Abstract: An alkaline cell having a flat housing, preferably of cuboid shape. The cell can have an anode comprising zinc and a cathode comprising MnO2. The housing can have a relatively small overall thickness, typically between about 5 and 10 mm. Cell contents can be supplied through an open end in the housing and an end cap assembly inserted therein to seal the cell. The end cap assembly includes an insulating sealing member having a circumferential skirt which surrounds wide portions of the anode current collector. This provides a barrier between said wide portions of the current collector and the cell housing. The end cap assembly includes a vent mechanism which can activate, when gas pressure within the cell reaches a level typically between about 100 and 300 psig (6.89×105 and 20.69×105 pascal gage) The cathode can be formed of a plurality of stacked slabs having aligned hollow centers forming a central core with anode material placed therein. A separator is between anode and cathode.

Abstract: An alkaline cell having an anode comprising zinc, an alkaline electrolyte solution, a separator, and a cathode comprising silver copper oxide AgCuO2, or Ag2Cu2O3, desirably in admixture with MnO2. The cathode preferably also includes a graphitic carbon to improve electrical conductivity. The graphtic carbon can comprise natural or synthetic graphites including expanded graphites and graphitic carbon fibers. The carbon nanofibers desirably have a mean average diameter less than 500 nanometers.

Abstract: An alkaline cell having an anode comprising zinc, an alkaline electrolyte solution, a separator, and a cathode comprising silver copper oxide selected from the compounds AgCuO2 Ag2Cu2O3 or any mixture thereof. The cathode preferably also includes a graphitic carbon to improve electrical conductivity. The graphitic carbon can comprise natural or synthetic graphites including expanded graphites and graphitic carbon fibers. The carbon nanofibers desirably have a mean average diameter less than 500 nanometers.

Abstract: A zinc powder for use in a zinc anode, negative electrode or electrochemical cell including zinc metal or zinc alloy particles. The zinc particles have a narrow particle size distribution and a major portion of the zinc particles having a well controlled chemistry and specific shape, such as teardrop, strand teardrop, acicular or spherical thereby providing improved discharge characteristics and reduced gassing.

Abstract: An alkaline primary cell which is improved in reduction of self-discharge and cell capacity under storage at a high temperature, has a prolonged life and makes use of nickel oxyhydroxide is provided inexpensively. &bgr;-Form nickel oxyhydroxide is contained in a positive electrode mixture as an active material, which contains cobalt and zinc as a substitutional element for solid solution, and has a total amount X+Y of molar ratios of cobalt atom X and zinc atom Y such that 2≦X+Y≦16, with a mixing ratio satisfying the relationship of Y≦3/2×X+1/2 and Y≧2/3×X−1/3, and where a diffraction peak obtained as a result of measurement of X-ray powder diffraction of nickel oxyhydroxide appears only in the vicinity of 18.5° within a range of 2&thgr;=10°-30°.

Abstract: In a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery provided with a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, a positive electrode active material is a mixture of lithium-manganese composite oxide and at least one of lithium-nickel composite oxide represented by a general formula LiNiaM11−aO2 and lithium-cobalt composite oxide represented by the general formula LiCobM21−bO2, and said non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains at least a saturated cyclic carbonic acid ester and an unsaturated cyclic carbonic acid ester having double bond of carbon where content by amount of said unsaturated cyclic carbonic acid ester having double bond of carbon is in a range of 1.0×10−8 to 2.4×10−4 g per positive electrode capacity 1 mAh.

Abstract: A rechargeable, alkaline, zinc-based battery containing a stack of hydrogen permeable cellulose-based films, each one optionally containing a dispersion of metal salts. A film may contain copper salt that reacts with cellulose to prevent zinc dispersion. A second film may contain fluoride salts that react with silver ions to prevent silver plating. A third optional film contains sulfide salts that react with copper ions to form copper sulfide salts to lower copper ion concentration in the electrolyte. The stack may also contain at least one hydrogen-permeable regenerated cellulose film and at least one hydrogen permeable hydrocarbon film such as polypropylene.

Abstract: A non-aqueous primary cell intended to increase the discharge capacity and lower the operating voltage while reducing the size and weight is provided.

Abstract: In a battery newly developed by inventors of the invention in which the capacity of the anode is represented by the sum of a capacity component by insertion and extraction of light metal and a capacity component by precipitation and dissolution of the light metal, a further improvement in a volume energy density or a weight energy density can be achieved. Moreover, a short circuit, damage or the like in the battery due to the external application of pressure or the like can be prevented from being extended in the vicinity of an outermost circumference or an innermost circumference of a spirally wound electrode body in the battery. An outermost circumferential surface of a spirally wound electrode body (20) is covered with a cathode current collector (21a).

Abstract: Provided is a battery capable of improving the chemical stability of an electrolyte and characteristics. The battery comprises a spirally wound electrode body (20) including a strip-shaped cathode (21) and a strip-shaped anode (22) spirally wound with a separator (23) in between. During charge, lithium metal is precipitated on the anode (22), so the capacity of the anode (22) is represented by the sum of a capacity component by insertion and extraction of lithium and a capacity component by precipitation and dissolution of the lithium metal. The separator (23) is impregnated with an electrolyte solution including an electrolyte salt. The electrolyte salt includes a first lithium salt LiN(CnF2n+1SO2)(CmF2m+1SO2) and a second lithium salt such as LiPF6 or the like. Thereby, the chemical stability of the electrolyte solution can be improved, and a side reaction can be inhibited, so charge-discharge cycle characteristics can be improved.

Abstract: A positive active material is provided. The positive active material includes particles of lithium nickelate and an olivine compound having an olivine crystal structure, wherein surfaces of the particles of lithium nickelate are covered with the olivine compound. The lithium nickelate is expressed by a general formula LiyNi1-zM′zO2 where 0.05≦y≦1.2 and 0≦z≦0.5, and M′ includes Fe, Co, Mn, Cu, Zn, Al, Sn, B, Ga, Cr, V, Ti, Mg, Ca, Sr and mixtures thereof. The olivine compound is expressed by a general formula LixMPO4 where 0.05≦x≦1.2, and M includes Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mg and mixtures thereof. A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the positive active material has a high discharge capacity and a good high-temperature stability because of the combination of advantages of lithium nickelate and the olivine compound of the positive active material.

Abstract: A method of making electrochemical cells with high anode-to-cathode interfacial surface area and improved discharge efficiency at high rate discharge, without sacrificing total capacity involves the use of a separator coated electrode, and a flowable material comprising a second electrode. The first electrode and flowable material comprising the second electrode are disposed in a cell housing. The flowable material surrounds the coated surfaces of the first electrode. The invention also provides simplified methods for making electrochemical cells having a high anode-to-cathode interfacial surface area.

Abstract: Method of synthesis for a material made of particles having a core and a coating and/or being connected to each other by carbon cross-linking, the core of these particles containing at least one compound of formula LixM1−yM′y(XO4)n, in which x,y and n are numbers such as 0≦x≦2, 0≦y≦0.6 and 1≦n≦1.5, M is a transition metal, M′ is an element with fixed valency, and the synthesis is carried out by reaction and bringing into equilibrium the mixture of precursors, with a reducing gaseous atmosphere, in such a way as to bring the transition metal or metals to the desired valency level, the synthesis being carried out in the presence of a source of carbon called carbon conductor, which is subjected to pyrolysis. The materials obtained have excellent electrical conductivity as well as very improved chemical activity.

Abstract: An alkaline battery comprises a negative electrode having an active material comprised of mercuryless zinc powder, and an electrolyte. In one embodiment, the electrolyte contains one or more indium compounds selected from the group consisting of indium sulfate, indium sulfamate and indium chloride. In another embodiment, the negative electrode contains one or more indium compounds selected from the group consisting of indium sulfate, indium sulfamate and indium chloride. An improved alkaline battery is achieved which does not pose environmental problems, in which corrosion of the zinc powder by the electrolyte during storage of the battery is suppressed, and in which a good discharge performance of the battery is maintained.

Abstract: A battery unit cell with improved conductive sealing by shielding the positive tablet electrode with a conductive polymeric sheet such as a thermo-plastic rubber sheet dispersed with acetylene black. This improved sealing alleviates the adverse loss of moisture from the battery unit cell and enhances the shelf- or storage-life of batteries with cells with such improved sealing means or methods.

Abstract: A high-capacity enclosed nickel-zinc primary battery excellent in characteristics such as capacity maintenance factor, energy density, and high-efficient discharge characteristics, an anode using it, and a production method for them. An enclosed nickel-zinc primary battery which uses as an anode an anode active material of nickel hydroxide compound, such as nickel oxyhydroxide, particles and uses zinc alloy gel as a cathode material, wherein a ratio of anode theoretical capacity to cathode theoretical capacity is 1.0-1.6, and a ratio of alkali electrolyte to anode theoretical capacity is 1.0-1.6 ml/Ah.

Abstract: Separator paper comprising paper impregnated with soluble silicate. The soluble silicate may be applied to the separator paper by immersing the paper into an aqueous solution of the soluble silicate or by spraying with an aqueous solution of the soluble silicate. In a preferred embodiment, the soluble silicate is sodium silicate. An electrolytic capacitor comprising an electrolytic solution, at least one anode foil, at least one cathode foil, and separator paper between the at least one anode foil and at least one cathode foil, wherein the separator paper comprises paper impregnated with a soluble silicate.

Abstract: A negative electrode material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention is a negative electrode material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing lithium, and it includes a solid phase A and a solid phase B that have different compositions and has a structure in which the surface around the solid phase A is entirely or partly covered by the solid phase B. The solid phase A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of silicon, tin and zinc, and the solid phase B contains the above-described at least one element contained in the solid phase A, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group IIA elements, transition elements, Group IIB elements, Group IIIB elements and Group IVB elements. The atomic arrangement and structure (e.g.

Abstract: Improved fuel compositions have improved flow properties for use in zinc/air (oxygen) fuel cell systems. In some embodiments, an improved fuel composition comprises a collection of particles having zinc and at least one non-zinc metal having improved physical properties such as narrower particle size distributions and improved morphology. In one embodiment, the fuel composition comprising the improved collection of metal particles can be generated by applying an external EMF to a fuel regeneration solution. An improved regeneration solution can comprise an electrolyte, zincate ions and at least one non-zinc metal. Due to the presence of the non-zinc metal, and other additives, in the regeneration solution, the improved regeneration solution can be used to generate an improved fuel composition comprising a collection of particles having zinc and at least one non-zinc metal.

Abstract: An improved electrolyte-particulate fuel cell where the fuel cell includes an anode, cathode, a bottom surface area formed by the anode and cathode where fuel flows from top to bottom, and a screen where the screen is located near the anode's bottom and has a surface area greater than the cell's bottom surface area.

Abstract: In the mixture of metal and/or alloy particles and a liquid electrolytic medium, the metal and/or alloy particles are irregularly shaped, have a non-uniform surface and a bulk density of below 33% by weight of the specific density of the compact metal and/or the compact alloy, and the volume of the medium is larger than that which corresponds to the spaces between the particles in a dry packing.

Abstract: A sulfonic acid type organic surfactant is incorporated into the gelled anode mixture of an alkaline electrochemical cell, optionally with an organic phosphate ester surfactant. Zinc fines may also be incorporated into the anode. The electrolyte included in the anode mixture may have a reduced hydroxide concentration. When a cell is provided whose anode mixture includes the two surfactants and zinc fines alone or in combination with a lowered hydroxide concentration in the electrolyte, discharge leakage is reduced and gel gassing is suppressed relative to that of gels lacking both surfactants. Additionally, cell discharge performance is improved relative to that of cells lacking both the zinc fines and lowered hydroxide concentration.

Abstract: A granular zinc fuel structure for deposition in an anode container of a zinc-air battery includes a hollow outer casing defining an interior space filled with an electrolyte. An interior zinc fuel structure in the form of a radial structure or a honeycomb structure or simply comprised of a number of arcuate pieces of zinc is selectively arranged inside the casing. An aperture is defined in the casing and in communication with the interior space wherein when the granular zinc fuel is deposited in the anode container and in contact with the electrolyte of the container to allow for a reaction therebetween, the electrolyte inside the interior space of the casing is allowed to mix with the electrolyte of the container to enhance the reaction. The granular fuel structure is alternatively comprised of a porous body made of zinc, forming a number of voids for containing an electrolyte. The casing is further made by attaching two halves together with openings defined therebetween.

Abstract: An alkaline cell having an anode comprising zinc, a cathode comprising manganese dioxide and an electrolyte comprising polyvinylbenzyltrimethylammoniumhydroxide. The anode can comprise particulate zinc dispersed within an aqueous gel comprising crosslinked polyvinylbenzyltrimethylammoniumhydroxide polymer. Optionally, aqueous KOH can be added to the gel. The anode and cathode are desirably in the shape of a slab each having a pair of opposing parallel flat faces defining two opposing ends. The zinc particles dispersed in crosslinked polyvinylbenzytrimethylammoniumhydroxide polymer can be concentrated at one end of the anode slab with the opposing end being clear of zinc. The clear end of the anode preferably also comprising polyvinylbenzlytrimethylammoniumhydroxide functions as a separator between anode and cathode. The cathode slab comprises a mixture of particulate manganese dioxide, graphite, and linear polyvinylbenzyltrimethylammoniumhydroxide polymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nickel-zinc battery of an inside-out structure, that is, a battery comprising a positive electrode containing beta-type nickel oxyhydroxide and a negative electrode containing zinc and having a similar structure to an alkali manganese battery, in which the beta-type nickel oxyhydroxide consists of substantially spherical particles, mean particle size of which is within a range from 19 &mgr;m to a maximum of 40 &mgr;m, the bulk density of which is within a range from 1.6 g/cm3 to a maximum of 2.2 g/cm3, tap density of which is within a range from 2.2 g/cm3 to a maximum of 2.7 g/cm3, specific surface area which based on BET method is within a range from 3 m2/g to a maximum of 50 m2/g, and the positive electrode of the nickel zinc battery contains graphite powder, where the weight ratio of graphite powder against a total weight of the positive electrode is defined within a range from 4% to a maximum of 8%.

Abstract: A cell and a method for preparing an electrochemical cell having an electrode containing a mixture of agglomerated particles and nonagglomerated particles are disclosed. The process enables the incorporation of small particles of electrochemically active material, such as zinc dust, into the electrode's formula while preventing undesirable segmentation of the particles.

Abstract: There is provided an alkaline battery produced by sealing in an outer package body: a positive mixture containing at least one selected from manganese dioxide and a nickel oxide, a conducting agent, and an alkaline electrolytic solution (A) containing potassium hydroxide; a separator; and a negative mixture containing zinc alloy powder, a gelling agent, and an alkaline electrolytic solution (B) containing potassium hydroxide where a concentration of potassium hydroxide of the alkaline electrolytic solution (A) is 45 wt % or more, and a concentration of potassium hydroxide of the alkaline electrolytic solution (B) is 35 wt % or less. Because of this, an alkaline battery can be provided, which has desirable load characteristics, prevents the generation of gas, prevents a decrease in a storage property due to the reaction with an electrolytic solution, and has heat generation behavior suppressed at a time of occurrence of a short-circuit.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a zinc composition comprising finely divided zinc particles dispersed in organic medium wherein the organic medium comprises a solvent and a polymer selected from polyhydroxy ether, polyurethane, co-polymer of acrylonitrile/vinylidene chloride and mixtures thereof. The invention is further directed to the use of the composition as an electrode such as the anode in a printed battery.

Abstract: An anode comprises one or more sheets of expanded zinc mesh. The thickness and mesh size of the expanded zinc mesh may vary. A single sheet of zinc mesh may be coiled, forming continuous electrical contact with itself. Alternatively, a single sheet of zinc mesh may be folded into layers, each layer in electrical contact with its adjacent layers. A third alternative is the use of two or more sheets of zinc mesh, layered on top of each other so that each layer is in electrical contact with adjacent layers. These zinc mesh anodes are combined with a casing, a cathode, an electrolyte solution, and a separator between the cathode and anode to manufacture electrochemical cells.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell constructed in accordance with the present invention includes a can for containing electrochemical materials including positive and negative electrodes and an electrolyte, the can having an open end and a closed end; a pressure relief mechanism formed in the closed end of the can for releasing internal pressure from within the can when the internal pressure becomes excessive; a first outer cover positioned on the closed end of the can to be in electrical contact therewith and to extend over the pressure relief mechanism; a second outer cover positioned across the open end of the can; and an insulator disposed between the can and the second outer cover for electrically insulating the can from the second outer cover. According to another embodiment, the second cover is dielectrically isolated from a current collector.

Abstract: A gelating agent for an alkaline cell is a cross-linked polymer (A) comprising (meth)acrylic acid and/or its alkali metal salt as a main constituent monomer unit and obtained by an aqueous solution polymerization or a reversed phase suspension polymerization and satisfies the following required conditions (1), (2). The gelating agent has good draining property, satisfactorily high speed charging property of the alkaline electrolytic solution and is therefore effective to produce cells with little unevenness of the charging amount of the electrolytic solution and having uniform quality by mass production and an alkaline cell using the gelating agent is provided with durable discharge time and remarkably excellent impact resistance for a long duration.