Including Platinum Catalyst Patents (Class 429/524)
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Patent number: 9450251Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing an anode for a fuel cell. The method includes: synthesizing a fuel cell catalyst used to oxidize a fuel for the anode in an electrochemical manner; forming an electrode for the anode by use of the synthesized fuel cell catalyst; and synthesizing an electrolysis catalyst, which is used to electrolyze water, on the electrode as the electrolysis catalyst is loaded into the anode. By introducing the electrolysis catalyst on the fuel cell electrode that has already been formed, deformation of the structure of the electrode is minimized and performance of the electrode is improved.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 2015Date of Patent: September 20, 2016Assignees: Hyundai Motor Company, Kia Motors CorporationInventor: Hoonhui Lee
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Patent number: 9440224Abstract: The present invention is directed to hollow catalyst particles comprising a layered shell structure and to a method of their manufacture. The catalyst particles have the general formula Hcore/PMinner shell/IL/PMouter shell in which Hcore is the hollow core, PMinner shell is a precious metal forming the innermost layer of the shell, IL is an intermediate layer comprising a base metal/precious metal alloy, and PMouter shell is a precious metal forming the outermost layer of the shell. The precious metal is selected from Pt, Ir and Pd and mixtures or alloys thereof, and IL is an intermediate layer comprising a base metal/precious metal alloy wherein the concentration of the base metal changes from the periphery of the hollow core to the outer surface of the intermediate layer. The base metal is selected from Co, Ni, and Cu and mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 2012Date of Patent: September 13, 2016Assignee: UMICORE AG & CO. KGInventors: Dan V. Goia, Igor V. Sevonkaev, Daniel Herein
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Patent number: 9431181Abstract: A novel hybrid lithium-ion anode material based on coaxially coated Si shells on vertically aligned carbon nanofiber (CNF) arrays. The unique cup-stacking graphitic microstructure makes the bare vertically aligned CNF array an effective Li+ intercalation medium. Highly reversible Li+ intercalation and extraction were observed at high power rates. More importantly, the highly conductive and mechanically stable CNF core optionally supports a coaxially coated amorphous Si shell which has much higher theoretical specific capacity by forming fully lithiated alloy. Addition of surface effect dominant sites in close proximity to the intercalation medium results in a hybrid device that includes advantages of both batteries and capacitors.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 2014Date of Patent: August 30, 2016Inventor: Ronald A Rojeski
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Patent number: 9431662Abstract: Methods of preparing fuel cells and fuel cell electrodes having catalyst with high density catalyst support are provided. One method of fabricating a fuel cell electrode comprises adjusting the gravimetric ratio of ionomer to catalyst support based on the density of the support material to optimize ionomer performance.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 2014Date of Patent: August 30, 2016Assignee: NISSAN NORTH AMERICA, INC.Inventor: Taehee Han
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Patent number: 9425462Abstract: A method for preparing hollow platinum or platinum-alloy catalysts includes a step of forming a plurality of low-melting-point metal nanoparticles. A platinum or platinum-alloy coating is then deposited onto the low-melting-point metal nanoparticles to form platinum or platinum-alloy coated particles. The low-melting-point metal nanoparticles are then removed to form a plurality of hollow platinum or platinum-alloy particles.Type: GrantFiled: October 2, 2013Date of Patent: August 23, 2016Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLCInventor: Anusorn Kongkanand
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Patent number: 9401512Abstract: A method for manufacturing a membrane/electrode assembly, including depositing an electrocatalyst ink on one face of a support so as to form an electrode on the support and fixedly attaching the support and the electrode formed on a proton-exchange membrane by adhesion. The method also includes withdrawing a part of the support so as to uncover at least one median part of the formed electrode.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 2013Date of Patent: July 26, 2016Assignee: Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternativesInventors: Rémi Vincent, Benoît Barthe, Denis Tremblay
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Patent number: 9397348Abstract: A platinum alloy catalyst PtXY, wherein X is a transition metal (other than platinum, palladium or iridium) and Y is a transition metal (other than platinum, palladium or iridium) which is less leachable than X in an acidic environment, has an atomic percentage in the alloy of platinum is from 20.5-40at %, of X is from 40.5-78.5at % X and of Y is from 1-19.5at %.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 2011Date of Patent: July 19, 2016Assignee: JOHNSON MATTHEY FUEL CELLS LIMITEDInventors: Brian Ronald Charles Theobald, Sarah Caroline Ball, Rachel Louise O'Malley, David Thompsett, Graham Alan Hards
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Patent number: 9397347Abstract: An electrode for use in a fuel cell comprises a flexible carbon-fiber nonwoven fabric and a fuel cell catalyst, such as a metal catalyst or a carbon alloy catalyst, supported on the surfaces of the carbon fibers constituting the flexible carbon-fiber nonwoven fabric. The flexible carbon-fiber nonwoven fabric is formed by carbonizing a nonwoven fabric obtained by electrospinning a composition containing: an electrospinnable macromolecular substance; an organic compound that is different from the macromolecular substance; and a transition metal. This structure allows the provision of an electrode, for use in a fuel cell, which uses a flexible carbon-fiber nonwoven fabric as a substrate and combines the functions of a gas-diffusion layer and an electrocatalyst layer.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 2011Date of Patent: July 19, 2016Assignees: NISSHINBO HOLDINGS INC., NATIONAL UNIVERSITY CORPORATION GUNMA UNIVERSITYInventors: Naokazu Sasaki, Katsuyuki Matsubayashi, Kyosuke Iida, Yasuo Imashiro, Jun-ichi Ozaki
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Patent number: 9356296Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) for a fuel cell includes a fuel cell electrolyte membrane, an anode disposed at a first side of the electrolyte membrane, and a cathode disposed at a second side of the electrolyte membrane, wherein the cathode has a thickness and an area, the cathode area extending in a plane substantially parallel to a major surface of the electrolyte membrane, the cathode area includes a central area and a peripheral area, the peripheral area extending to lateral edges of the cathode, the central area includes hydrophilic portions and hydrophobic portions, the peripheral area includes hydrophilic portions and hydrophobic portions, and the central area is more hydrophobic than the peripheral area.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 2010Date of Patent: May 31, 2016Assignee: SAMSUNG SDI CO., LTD.Inventors: Kah-Young Song, Hee-Tak Kim, Sung-Yong Cho, Sang-Il Han, Myoung-Ki Min, Geun-Seok Chai, Tae-Yoon Kim
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Patent number: 9326173Abstract: Methods and apparatus enabling a wireless network to provide differentiated services to a machine-to-machine (M2M) client. In one embodiment, the wireless network comprises a UMTS network, and the Home Location Register (HLR) entity identifies subscriptions as machine-to-machine (M2M) enabled devices based on flags or other descriptors associated with each M2M device, and imposes one or more rule sets (e.g., service restrictions) based on this identification. The classification of M2M devices within the HLR may optionally include additional capability or profile data for the M2M device (e.g. static, low mobility, low data activity, etc.). Various other network entities may use the M2M identification to modify the delivered data service, so as to optimize network resources. Furthermore, monitoring of M2M client behavior can be used to detect and notify the network operator of abnormal, fraudulent, or malicious activity. Business methods utilizing the aforementioned methods and apparatus are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 2014Date of Patent: April 26, 2016Assignee: Apple Inc.Inventor: Achim Luft
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Patent number: 9276270Abstract: Techniques herein prepare an alloy catalyst using a protective conductive polymer coating. More particularly, an alloy catalyst is prepared by: preparing a platinum catalyst supported on carbon; coating the surface of the platinum catalyst with a conductive polymer; supporting a transition metal salt on the coated catalyst; and heat treating the catalyst on which the transition metal salt is supported. Also, an alloy catalyst may be prepared by: preparing a platinum-transition metal catalyst supported on carbon; coating the surface of the platinum-transition metal catalyst with a conductive polymer; and heat treating the coated catalyst. Accordingly an alloy catalyst with superior dispersity can be prepared by increasing the degree of alloying of the catalyst through heat treatment while preventing the increase of catalyst particle size through carbonization of the conductive polymer. The prepared catalyst may be useful, for example, for a fuel cell electrode.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 2011Date of Patent: March 1, 2016Assignees: Hyundai Motor Company, Kia Motors Corporation, Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation, Yonsei UniversityInventors: Bum Wook Roh, In Chul Hwang, Han Sung Kim, Hyung-Suk Oh
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Patent number: 9252431Abstract: A fuel cell supported catalyst includes an underlying support structure having at least one of a metal oxide and a metal phosphate. Catalyst particles are arranged onto and in engagement with the support structure. An intermediate conductive, corrosion-resistant layer, such as boron-doped-diamond, is arranged onto and in engagement with the support structure to surround the catalyst particles. The supported catalyst is produced by depositing the intermediate layer onto the support structure after the catalyst particles have been deposited on the underlying support structure, in one example. In another example, voids are provided in the intermediate layer, which has been deposited onto the underlying support structure, to subsequently receive the catalyst particles.Type: GrantFiled: February 10, 2009Date of Patent: February 2, 2016Assignees: Audi AG, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Belabbes Merzougui, Tetsuo Kawamura
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Patent number: 9169569Abstract: A method is taught of introducing an alternating voltage between a first electrode and a second electrode in a mixture comprising a depolarizing agent. The method then alternates between forming hydrogen gas at the first electrode while simultaneously oxidizing a depolarizing agent at the second electrode and forming hydrogen gas at the second electrode while simultaneously oxidizing the depolarizing agent at the first electrode.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 2013Date of Patent: October 27, 2015Assignee: Phillips 66 CompanyInventors: Danielle Kristin Smith, Neal Donald McDaniel, Mahaprasad Kar, Dennis Schultz, Bruce B. Randolph
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Patent number: 9147884Abstract: A supported catalyst includes a plurality of support particles that each include a carbon support and a layer disposed around the carbon support. The layer is selected from a metal carbide, metal oxycarbide, and combinations thereof. A catalytic material is disposed on the layers of the support particles.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 2010Date of Patent: September 29, 2015Assignee: Audi AGInventors: Belabbes Merzougui, Minhua Shao, Lesia V. Protsailo, Jingguang Chen
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Patent number: 9123932Abstract: A fuel cell membrane and a method of making the same. The membrane includes at least one non-reinforced layer and at least one reinforced layer. Both layers include a proton-conductive ionomer, while the reinforced layer additionally includes nanofiber-supported catalyst that improve mechanical and chemical durability of the membrane. The nanofiber-supported catalyst is made up of structural fibers onto which an electrocatalyst is coated, deposited or otherwise formed. The structural nanofibers give increased strength and stiffness to the layers that include them, while the electrocatalyst helps to resist electrochemical degradation to the membranes that include them. Such a membrane may form the basis of a fuel cell's membrane electrode assembly.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 2011Date of Patent: September 1, 2015Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLCInventors: Ruichun Jiang, Zhiqiang Yu, Junliang Zhang
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Patent number: 9099751Abstract: A series of binary and ternary Pt-alloys, that promote the important reactions for catalysis at an alloy surface; oxygen reduction, hydrogen oxidation, and hydrogen and oxygen evolution. The first two of these reactions are essential when applying the alloy for use in a PEMFC.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 2013Date of Patent: August 4, 2015Assignee: California Institute of TechnologyInventors: Charles C. Hays, Sri R. Narayan
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Publication number: 20150147682Abstract: Nitride stabilized metal nanoparticles and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. In one embodiment the metal nanoparticles have a continuous and nonporous noble metal shell with a nitride-stabilized non-noble metal core. The nitride-stabilized core provides a stabilizing effect under high oxidizing conditions suppressing the noble metal dissolution during potential cycling. The nitride stabilized nanoparticles may be fabricated by a process in which a core is coated with a shell layer that encapsulates the entire core. Introduction of nitrogen into the core by annealing produces metal nitride(s) that are less susceptible to dissolution during potential cycling under high oxidizing conditions.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 26, 2014Publication date: May 28, 2015Inventors: Kurian Abraham Kuttiyiel, Kotaro Sasaki, Radoslav R. Adzic
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Publication number: 20150147681Abstract: A self-supporting porous alloyed metal material and methods for forming the same. The method utilizes a sacrificial support based technique that enables the formation of uniquely shaped voids in the material. The material is suitable for use as an electrocatalyst in a variety of fuel cell and other applications.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 2, 2014Publication date: May 28, 2015Applicant: STC.UNMInventors: Alexey Serov, Plamen B. Atanassov
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Publication number: 20150147680Abstract: The present invention relates to highly functional composite nanoparticles including a support body formed of nanoparticles and first phase nanoparticles which are condensed on the surfaces of the support body particles after being evaporated through a physical vapor deposition process, and to a method for producing same. According to the present invention, a physical vapor deposition process is used instead of a wet process so as to produce eco-friendly composite nanoparticles that do not emit hazardous chemicals while having high economic feasibility and process reproducibility.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 26, 2013Publication date: May 28, 2015Inventors: Han-Shin Choi, Hye-Sook Joo, Chul-Woong Han
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Patent number: 9040210Abstract: A carbon supported catalyst composition for solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells is disclosed that shows a high mass activity and favorable stability and durability. The catalyst composition comprises an intermetallic phase or alloy comprising Pt and a metal selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, V and Mo, and comprises an oxide of the metal. The carbon supported catalyst composition can be prepared at relatively low temperature either by first depositing and heating an oxide precursor of the metal on a suitable carbon to make a hybrid support, and then depositing and heating a Pt precursor on the hybrid support, or by depositing both an oxide precursor of the metal and a Pt precursor on a suitable carbon support, and directly heating to a final temperature.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2012Date of Patent: May 26, 2015Assignees: Daimler AG, Ford Motor CompanyInventor: Natalia Kremliakova
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Publication number: 20150140474Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing metal-supported carbon, which includes supporting metal microparticles on the surface of carbon black, by a liquid-phase reduction method, in a thin film fluid formed between processing surfaces arranged to be opposite to each other so as to be able to approach to and separate from each other, at least one of which rotates relative to the other, as well as a method for producing crystals comprising fullerene molecules and fullerene nanowhisker/nanofiber nanotubes, which includes uniformly stirring and mixing a solution containing a first solvent having fullerene dissolved therein, and a second solvent in which fullerene is less soluble than in the first solvent, in a thin film fluid formed between processing surfaces arranged to be opposite to each other so as to be able to approach to and separate from each other, at least one of which rotates relative to the other.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 29, 2015Publication date: May 21, 2015Applicant: M. TECHNIQUE CO., LTD.Inventor: Masakazu ENOMURA
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Publication number: 20150125783Abstract: The present invention is a catalyst for a solid polymer fuel cell including: catalyst particles of platinum, cobalt and manganese; and a carbon powder carrier supporting the catalyst particles, wherein the component ratio (molar ratio) of the platinum, cobalt and manganese of the catalyst particles is of Pt:Co:Mn=1:0.06 to 0.39:0.04 to 0.33, and wherein in an X-ray diffraction analysis of the catalyst particles, the peak intensity ratio of a Co—Mn alloy appearing around 2?=27° is 0.15 or less on the basis of a main peak appearing around 2?=40°. It is particularly preferred that the catalyst have a peak ratio of a peak of a CoPt3 alloy and an MnPt3 alloy appearing around 2?=32° of 0.14 or more on the basis of a main peak.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 19, 2013Publication date: May 7, 2015Applicant: TANAKA KIKINZOKU KOGYO K.K.Inventors: Minoru Ishida, Koichi Matsutani
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Publication number: 20150118599Abstract: A method of fabricating composite filaments is provided. An initial composite filament including a core and a cladding (such as a Pt-group metal) is cut into smaller pieces (or is first mechanically reduced and then cut into smaller pieces). The smaller pieces of the filaments are inserted into a metal matrix, and the entire structure is then further reduced mechanically in a series of reduction steps. The process can be repeated until the desired cross sectional dimension of the filaments is achieved. The matrix can then be chemically removed to isolate the final composite filaments with the cladding thickness down to the nanometer range. The process allows the organization and integration of filaments of different sizes, compositions, and functionalities into arrays suitable for various applications.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 24, 2014Publication date: April 30, 2015Inventor: Joze Bevk
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Patent number: 9006128Abstract: The present invention provides a support for an electrode of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, a fuel cell, and a platinum-supported catalyst, and an electrode using the same. In particular, the present invention provides a method in which linear crystalline carbon nanofibers and nonlinear crystalline carbon particles with increased surface area and improved crystallinity are used to enhance the active site of catalyst particles and ensure the durability of the catalyst by the crystalline carbon materials. The linear crystalline carbon nanofibers are grown to have a predetermined fiber diameter by heat treatment at a high temperature in a gas phase of hydrocarbon in an inert gas atmosphere using an oxide such as Ni, Fe, Mn, etc. as a catalyst. The crystallinity of the linear crystalline carbon nanofibers is also improved by the heat treatment.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 2010Date of Patent: April 14, 2015Assignees: Hyundai Motor Company, Kia Motors CorporationInventors: Bum Wook Roh, Ki Sub Lee
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Publication number: 20150093686Abstract: A method of preparing catalytic materials comprising depositing platinum or non-platinum group metals, or alloys thereof on a porous oxide support.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 11, 2013Publication date: April 2, 2015Applicant: STC.UNMInventors: Alexey Serov, Ulises A Martinez, Plamen B Atanassov
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Publication number: 20150093685Abstract: An oxygen reduction reaction catalyst and method for making the catalyst includes a graphitized carbon substrate with an amorphous metal oxide layer overlying the surface of the substrate. The amorphous metal oxide layer has a worm-like structure. A catalyst overlies the metal oxide layer.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 2, 2013Publication date: April 2, 2015Applicant: Ford Global Technologies, LLCInventors: Jun Yang, Patrick Pietrasz, Chunchuan Xu, Shinichi Hirano
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Patent number: 8993472Abstract: Layered catalyst structures for fuel cells, particularly for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), are produced by a reactive spray deposition technology process. The catalyst layers so produced contain particles sized between 1 and 15 nm and clusters of such particles of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of platinum, platinum alloys with transition metals, mixtures thereof and non-noble metals. The catalyst layers without an electrically conducting supporting medium exhibit dendritic microstructure, providing high electrochemically active surface area and electron conductivity at ultra-low catalyst loading. The catalyst layers deposited on an electrically conducting medium, such as carbon, exhibit three-dimensional functional grading, which provides efficient utilization as a catalyst, high PEMFC performance at the low catalyst loading, and minimized limitations caused by reactant diffusion and activation. The catalytic layers may be produced by a single-run deposition method.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 2009Date of Patent: March 31, 2015Assignee: National Research Council of CanadaInventors: Justin Roller, Radenka Maric, Khalid Fatih, Roberto Neagu
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Patent number: 8993198Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a platinum/support catalyst or a platinum alloy/support catalyst, including: a) preparing a dispersion solution including urea, a support and a water-soluble salt of at least one metal(s) having catalytic activity; (b) reacting the dispersion solution at high temperature so as to deposit the metal hydroxide particles derived from the at least one metal(s) on the support; and (c) reducing the metal hydroxide particles. The size and distribution of the platinum particles or platinum alloy particles are greatly improved by the use of urea.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 2010Date of Patent: March 31, 2015Assignee: Korea University Research and Business FoundationInventor: Jong-Sung Yu
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Publication number: 20150086903Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell, the electrode catalyst including an active particle, the active particle including a core including platinum, a transition metal, and a first nonmetal element; and a shell on the core, the shell including an alloy including platinum and a second nonmetal element, wherein the first and second nonmetal elements included in the core and the shell are the same or different.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 13, 2014Publication date: March 26, 2015Applicant: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Inventor: Dae-jong YOO
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Publication number: 20150086902Abstract: A catalytic material includes (i) a support material and (ii) a thin film catalyst coating having an inner face adjacent to the support material and an outer face, the thin film catalyst coating having a mean thickness of ?8 nm, and wherein at least 40% of the support material surface area is covered by the thin film catalyst coating; and wherein the thin film catalyst coating includes a first metal and one or more second metals, and wherein the atomic percentage of first metal in the thin film catalyst coating is not uniform through the thickness of the thin film catalyst coating.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 28, 2013Publication date: March 26, 2015Applicant: JOHNSON MATTHEY FUEL CELLS LIMITEDInventors: Graham Alan Hards, Ian Roy Harkness, Michael Ian Petch, Jonathan David Brereton Sharman, Edward Anthony Wright, Alexander Martin Willcocks
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Patent number: 8986906Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing nanoporous Pt/TiO2 composite particles, nanoporous Pt/TiO2 composite particles prepared by the above preparation method, and a fuel cell comprising the nanoporous Pt/TiO2 composite particles. The nanoporous Pt/TiO2 composite particles according to the present invention have a catalytic effect similar to that of commercially available Pt/carbon black and, thus, can be applied to a fuel cell.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 2011Date of Patent: March 24, 2015Assignee: Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral ResourcesInventors: Hee Dong Jang, Han Kwon Chang, Kuk Cho
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Publication number: 20150079499Abstract: A particle exhibiting catalytic activity comprising (a) an inner core formed of an alloy material; and (b) an outer shell formed of a metal material surrounding the inner core, wherein the alloy material is selected such that the inner core exerts a compressive strain on the outer shell.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 26, 2013Publication date: March 19, 2015Applicant: Agency For Science, Technology and ResearchInventors: Jackie Y. Ying, Jinhua Yang, Xiaojun Chen
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Patent number: 8980786Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal oxide-platinum compound catalyst comprising 5 to 95 parts by weight of a metal oxide and 95 to 5 parts by weight of platinum as the balance. The platinum has a form to reticulately cover at least a part of a particle of the metal oxide. The wires constituting the platinum mesh have an average wire diameter of 5 nm or smaller.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 2011Date of Patent: March 17, 2015Assignee: Shinshu UniversityInventors: Yasushi Murakami, Wataru Shimizu, Kazuyoshi Okada
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Patent number: 8980502Abstract: The invention includes a method for use in creating electrochemical electrodes including removing a supporting structure in situ after the assembly of the electrochemical cell.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 2010Date of Patent: March 17, 2015Assignee: Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteInventors: Michael David Gasda, Glenn Eisman, Daniel Gall
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Patent number: 8974986Abstract: A method for producing metal-supported carbon includes supporting metal microparticles on the surface of carbon black, by a liquid-phase reduction method, in a thin film fluid formed between processing surfaces arranged to be opposite to each other so as to be able to approach to and separate from each other, at least one of which rotates relative to the other.Type: GrantFiled: July 4, 2008Date of Patent: March 10, 2015Assignee: M. Technique Co., Ltd.Inventor: Masakazu Enomura
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Patent number: 8968967Abstract: A fuel cell catalyst support includes a fluoride-doped metal oxide/phosphate support structure and a catalyst layer, supported on such fluoride-doped support structure. In one example, the support structure is a sub-stechiometric titanium oxide and/or indium-tin oxide (ITO) partially coated or mixed with a fluoride-doped metal oxide or metal phosphate. In another example, the support structure is fluoride-doped and mixed with at least one of low surface carbon, boron-doped diamond, carbides, borides, and silicides.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 2008Date of Patent: March 3, 2015Assignee: Ballard Power Systems Inc.Inventors: Belabbes Merzougui, Minhua Shao, Lesia V. Protsailo
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Publication number: 20150051064Abstract: The electrocatalytic compositions of this invention comprise a platinum-based electrocatalyst and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), whereby the PVP improves certain properties of the platinum-based electrocatalyst. The electrolytic compositions described herein have applications in fuel cell technologies. The polymer-modified platinum-based electrocatalyst compositions exhibit an enhanced long-term CO tolerance with a small hindrance to the intrinsic activity of the platinum based electrocatalyst. Furthermore, the electrocatalytic compositions demonstrate improved catalyst stability.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 21, 2013Publication date: February 19, 2015Applicant: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITYInventor: Yu Ye Tong
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Publication number: 20150050583Abstract: The present invention refers to highly sinter-stable metal nanoparticles supported on mesoporous graphitic spheres, the so obtained metal-loaded mesoporous graphitic particles, processes for their preparation and the use thereof as catalysts, in particular for high temperature reactions in reducing atmosphere and cathode side oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in PEM fuel cells.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 8, 2013Publication date: February 19, 2015Applicant: STUDIENGESELLSCHAFT KOHLE MBHInventors: Ferdi Schüth, Diana Carolina Galeano Nunez, Hans-Josef Bongard, Karl Mayrhofer, Josef C. Meier, Claudio Baldizzone, Stefano Mezzavilla
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Patent number: 8956771Abstract: An electrode catalyst for fuel cell, a method of preparing the electrode catalyst, a membrane electrode assembly including the electrode catalyst, and a fuel cell including the membrane electrode assembly. The electrode catalyst includes a crystalline catalyst particle incorporating a precious metal having oxygen reduction activity and a Group 13 element, where the Group 13 element is present in a unit lattice of the crystalline catalyst particle.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 2012Date of Patent: February 17, 2015Assignee: Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kang-hee Lee, Chan-ho Pak, Dae-jong Yoo, Seon-ah Jin
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Publication number: 20150044594Abstract: A catalyst-layer-supporting substrate comprising a substrate supporting a catalyst layer; wherein the catalyst layer comprises two or more porous catalyst metal particle layers that are superposed alternately with (i) two or more intersticed layers comprising at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Sn, Al, and Cu; or (ii) two or more fibrous carbon layers having interstices among fibers of the fibrous carbon. A method for forming a catalyst-layer-supporting structure that comprises porous catalyst metal particle by removing a pore-forming metal from a mixture layer containing a pore-forming metal and a catalyst metal.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 23, 2014Publication date: February 12, 2015Applicant: KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBAInventors: Mei WU, Tsuyoshi Kobayashi, Mutsuki Yamazaki, Yoshihiko Nakano
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Publication number: 20150030966Abstract: A cathode electrode for a fuel cell, includes a conductive carrier having pores and a catalyst having a platinum alloy supported in the pores of the conductive carrier, wherein the catalyst has in a pore diameter range of 2 to 6 nm when diameters of the pores is plotted in relation with volumes of the pores a peak value of more than 1 cm3/g and also a BET specific surface area of 1300 m2/g.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 26, 2013Publication date: January 29, 2015Applicant: NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.Inventors: Ryoichi Shimoi, Satoshi Takaichi, Shinichi Miyazaki, Takehiko Okui
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Publication number: 20150030965Abstract: A fuel cell catalyst layer having sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s and a manufacturing method therefor are provided. The manufacturing method includes steps of: providing at least one type of sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s; mixing the sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s with a catalyst composition to prepare a catalyst slurry; and coating the catalyst slurry to form a film which is dried to be an electrode catalyst layer, in which the weight ratio of the sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s is 5-50 wt %. The sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s in the electrode catalyst layer can provide good thermal stability, glass transition temperature, chemical resistance, mechanical properties, water impermeability, low proton transmission loss, and a relatively simple process to shorten the manufacturing time and lower the cost thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 23, 2014Publication date: January 29, 2015Applicant: National Sun Yat-sen UniversityInventors: Wen-yao HUANG, Chun-Che LEE, Hsu-feng LEE, Steven HOLDCROFT
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Publication number: 20150030954Abstract: The present invention relates to a redox flow secondary battery. The redox flow secondary battery of the present invention comprises a unit cell including a pair of electrodes made of a porous metal, wherein the surface of the porous metal is coated with carbon. According to the present invention, a redox flow secondary battery using porous metal electrodes uniformly coated with carbon is provided, thus improving conductivity of the electrodes, and the electrodes have surfaces uniformly coated with a carbon layer having a wide specific surface area, thus improving reactivity. As a result, capacity of the redox flow secondary battery and energy efficiency can be improved and resistance of a cell can be effectively reduced. Further, the electrodes are uniformly coated with a carbon layer, thus also improving corrosion resistance.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 31, 2013Publication date: January 29, 2015Inventors: Youngjun Kim, Kijae Kim, Minsik Park, Jeahun Kim
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Patent number: 8940459Abstract: An alkaline fuel cell electrode catalyst includes a first catalyst particle that contains at least one of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni), a second catalyst particle that contains at least one of platinum (Pt) and ruthenium (Ru), and a carrier for supporting the first catalyst particle and the second catalyst particle.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 2008Date of Patent: January 27, 2015Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Haruyuki Nakanishi, Yusuke Kuzushima
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Patent number: 8940454Abstract: A direct-electrochemical-oxidation fuel cell and method for generating electrical energy from a solid-state organic fuel. The fuel cell includes a cathode provided with an electrochemical-reduction catalyst that promotes formation of oxygen ions from an oxygen-containing source at the cathode, an anode provided with an electrochemical-oxidation catalyst that promotes direct electrochemical oxidation of the solid-state organic fuel in the presence of the oxygen ions to produce electrical energy, and a solid-oxide electrolyte disposed to transmit the oxygen ions from the cathode to the anode. The electrochemical oxidation catalyst can optionally include a sulfur resistant material.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 2004Date of Patent: January 27, 2015Assignee: The University of AkronInventor: Steven S. C. Chuang
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Publication number: 20150024289Abstract: The invention provides a unique catalyst system without the need for carbon. Metal nanoparticles were grown onto conductive, two-dimensional material of TiSi2 nanonet by atomic layer deposition. The growth exhibited a unique selectivity with the elemental metal deposited only on defined surfaces of the nanonets in nanoscale without mask or patterning.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 18, 2014Publication date: January 22, 2015Inventors: Dunwei Wang, Jin Xie, Xiaogang Yang, Xiahui Yao
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Publication number: 20150017565Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure relate to electrocatalysts. The electrocatalyst may include at least one gas-diffusion layer having a first side and a second side, and particle cores adhered to at least one of the first and second sides of the at least one gas-diffusion layer. The particle cores includes surfaces adhered to the at least one of the first and second sides of the at least one gas-diffusion layer and surfaces not in contact with the at least one gas-diffusion layer. Furthermore, a thin layer of catalytically atoms may be adhered to the surfaces of the particle cores not in contact with the at least one gas-diffusion layer.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 15, 2014Publication date: January 15, 2015Applicant: Brookhaven Science Associates, LLCInventors: Radoslav Adzic, Stoyan Bliznakov, Miomir Vukmirovic
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Publication number: 20150017555Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of mesoporous graphitic particles having a loading of sintering-stable metal nanoparticles for fuel cells and further electrochemical applications, for example as constituent of layers in electrodes of fuel cells and batteries.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 8, 2013Publication date: January 15, 2015Applicant: STUDIENGESELLSCHAFT KOHLE MBHInventors: Ferdi Schüth, Diana Carolina Galeano Nunez, Hans-Josef Bongard, Stefano Mezzavilla, Karl J. Mayrhofer, Josef C. Meier, Claudio Baldizzone, Jean-Francois Drillet, Sakthivel Mariappan, Tadios Tesfu, Volker Peinecke
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Publication number: 20150010777Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to electrochemical approaches for synthesis of platinum-iridium alloys with selected platinum-iridium ratio content and subsequently predetermined mechanical properties and electrochemical impedance properties. Such can provide a simple and cost-effective process for preparing these electrodes, as compared to conventional thin film processing techniques. A three-electrode electrochemical electrodeposition system is described including an electrochemical cell with a working electrode on which the electrodeposited film is deposited, a counter electrode to complete the electrochemical circuit and a reference electrode to measure and control surface potential. Mixed layers of platinum atoms and iridium atoms can be deposited from electrolyte solution onto the working electrode surface to create an electrically conductive surface with material properties related to the composition of the as-deposited film.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 3, 2014Publication date: January 8, 2015Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIAInventors: Artin Petrossians, Artak Arakelian, James D. Weiland, Florian B. Mansfeld, John J. Whalen, III
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Publication number: 20150004529Abstract: The present invention relates to the use, as a precursor for the chemical vapour deposition of PtSi at the surface of a support, of at least one organometallic complex of Pt comprising at least:—a ligand having a cyclic structure that comprises at least two non-adjacent C?C double bonds, or two ligands having a cyclic structure that each comprise a C?C double bond; and—a ligand chosen from *O—Si(R)3 and *N—(Si(R)3)2, with: the R units being chosen, independently of one another, from (C1-C4)alkoxy groups; the R? units being chosen, independently of one another, from (C1-C4)alkyl and (C3-C4)cycloalkyl groups; and * representing the coordination of the ligand to the platinum.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 16, 2013Publication date: January 1, 2015Inventors: Sebastien Donet, Christophe Coperet, Nicolas Guillet, Pierre Laurent, Chloe Thieuleux