Abstract: A compound having the following formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: where: R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C1-C3)alkyl group, a —NR1R2 group, a (C1-C3)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO2 group, a phenoxy group, or a (C1-C4)alkoxy group, R1 and R2 are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C3)alkyl group, R? is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C1-C3)alkyl group, or a (C1-C4)alkoxy group, R? is a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C4)alkyl group, n is 1, 2, or 3, and n? is 1 or 2.

Abstract: A photoresist composition including a binder resin including a novolac resin represented by Chemical Formula 1, a diazide photosensitive initiator, and a solvent including a base solvent and an auxiliary solvent, wherein the base solvent includes propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and the auxiliary solvent includes dimethyl-2-methylglutarate and ethyl beta-ethoxypropionate, wherein in Chemical Formula 1, R1 to R9 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, “a” is an integer number from 0 through 10, “b” is an integer number from 0 through 100, and “c” is an integer number from 1 through 10.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a positive photosensitive resin composition and a method for forming patterns by using the same. The positive photosensitive resin composition includes a novolac resin (A), an ortho-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester (B), a dye (C) and a solvent (D). The novolac resin (A) further includes hydroxy-type novolac resin (A-1), which is synthesized by condensing hydroxylbenzaldehyde compound with aromatic hydroxyl compound. The dye (C) includes at least one (C-1) selected from the group consisting of diazo dye, anthraquinone dye and chromium (III, Cr3+) azo dye, as well as triarylmethane dye (C-2). Since the positive photosensitive resin composition can form colorfully fine patterns on metal circuits, and such patterns are not decolored after being etched, thereby beneficially blocking the reflected light of the metal circuits.

Abstract: A construct that comprises a base material and a polyhydroxyalkanoate, wherein at least a part of the base material is coated with the polyhydroxyalkanoate, and the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises a 3-hydroxyalkanoic acid unit other than 3-hydroxypropionic acid unit, 3-hydroxy-n-butyric acid unit, and 3-hydroxy-n-valeric acid unit. In addition, an electrostatic charge image developing toner allows to design the toner characteristics such as chargeability, flowability, stability in time and environmental stability uniform among the toners of different colors. The toner has a small particle size enough for enabling uniform dispersion and being excellent in color saturation and transparency. The toner also shows higher contribution to the environmental security. The toner includes a coloring agent of which at least a part of the surface is covered with polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).

Abstract: This invention relates to nano-lithography with &pgr;-conjugated azo dyes and azo-metal complexes represented by formula 1 or formula 2(Korea Pat. Appln. Nos. 2001-6879˜6880), which has both electron-donating and electron-accepting groups in the molecular structures, as a resist on Si substrate by using an AFM anodization. lithography. Developing optimum conditions of scan speed, bias voltage, and resist materials are key issues for achieving a high resolution patterning on various substrates. We accomplished nanometer-scale patterning in approximately 35 nm dimensions.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of forming and using thermally imageable composite elements which may be developed into lithographic printing plates. More specifically, the present invention provides a method of forming thermally imageable composite elements which provide substantial developer resistance in desired regions, while maintaining white light desensitivity and durability.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for preparing photo-patterned mono- or polychromatic, polarizing films. The polarizer can be pixelated into a number of small regions wherein some of the regions have one orientation of the principal neutral or color absorbing axis; and some other of the said regions have another orientation of the principal neutral or color absorbing axis. The axis orientation is determined by the polarization vector of actinic radiation and the multi-axes orientation is possible by a separated masked exposure. This polarizer can be placed on the interior substrate surface of the LCD cell.

Abstract: A radiation sensitive dielectric constant changing composition comprising (A) a decomposable compound, (B) a nondecomposable compound, (C) a radiation sensitive decomposer and (D) a stabilizer.

Abstract: Bistable molecules are provided with at least one photosensitive functional group. As thus constituted, the bistable molecules are photopatternable, thereby allowing fabrication of micrometer-scale and nanometer-scale circuits in discrete areas without relying on a top conductor as a mask. The bistable molecules may comprise molecules that undergo redox reactions, such as rotaxanes and catenanes, or may comprise molecules that undergo an electric-field-induced band gap change that causes the molecules, or a portion thereof, to rotate, bend, twist, or otherwise change from a substantially fully conjugated state to a less conjugated state. The change in states in the latter case results in a change in electrical conductivity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a support for a lithographic printing plate obtainable by performing at least graining treatment on an aluminum plate, having on its surface thereof, a grain shape with a structure in which a grained structure with medium undulation of 0.5 to 5 &mgr;m average aperture diameter and a grained structure with small undulation of 0.01 to 0.2 &mgr;m average aperture diameter are superimposed, and a presensitized plate provided with an image recording layer on the support for a lithographic printing plate. By using this presensitized plate, a balance between scum resistance and press life when a lithographic printing plate is produced therefrom, which has been in a trade-off relation in the past, can be maintained at a high level.

Abstract: Photothermographic materials prepared using aqueous formulations include silver halides that are chemically sensitized using certain tellurium-containing compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photopolymerizable composition comprising a polymerizable compound including an addition-polymerizable unsaturated bond, a photo-radical-generating agent, and an amine compound represented by the following general formula (I) and a recording material comprising a recording layer containing the photopolymerizable composition: 1

Abstract: A radiation sensitive resin composition for i-line light exposure comprising an alkaline soluble resin and a quinonediazide group-containing photosensitizer where said alkaline soluble resin comprises a novolak resin and a mixture of one or two or more of resins selected from the group of (i) polyacrylate, (ii) polymethacrylate, (iii) a polystyrene derivative and (iv) a copolymer consisting of two or more of monomer units selected from the group of acrylic ester, methacrylic ester and styrene derivatives is applied on a substrate such as a substrate for a flat panel display and exposed preferably at the light-exposure quantity of 50 to 500 mJ/cm2 by an i-line light exposure source to form a pattern with high-resolution and a good pattern shape having no tailing.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a diazo dye which is the reaction product of a diazonium salt having the formula wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl, Y is a halogen and X is an anion; with an aromatic coupling agent which is preferably of the formula wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl and n is 0 or a positive integer. Also disclosed are methods for using the dye to form a phototool, including a method based upon a computer controlled ink jet printer.

Abstract: The polybenzoxazole and polybenzothiazole precursors of the invention have the following partial structure: ##STR1## where: A.sup.1 to A.sup.6 are--independently of one another--H, F, CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.3, OCF.sub.3, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3, CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 or OCF.sub.3 CF.sub.3 ;T is O or S, and m is 1;Z is a carbocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic radical.

Abstract: The polybenzoxazole and polybenzothiazole precursors of the invention have the following partial structure: ##STR1## where: A.sup.1 to A.sup.7 are--independently of one another--H, F, CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.3, OCF.sub.3, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3, CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 or OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 ;T is O or S, and m is 1;Z is a carbocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic radical.

Abstract: A method of producing a three-dimensional object having selected elements which are colored differently than other elements of the object comprising the steps of:(a) providing a film of a photohardenable composition containing a photoresponsive agent,(b) radiating the film in a cross-sectional pattern of the object to be formed,(c) selectively irradiating one or more portions of the cross-sectional pattern corresponding to the selected elements which are desired to be colored differently with radiation which activates the photoresponsive agent, the photoresponsive agent thereby producing color in or removing color from the selected irradiated portions of the cross-sectional pattern,(d) repeating steps a, b, and c to form successive adjacent cross-sectional pattern of the object, and(e) integrating the cross-sectional patterns together to provide the three-dimensional object, wherein the curing and coloring steps are conducted using actinic radiation.

Abstract: An photosensitive polyfunctional aromatic diazo compound having at least two groups of Formula (uD) in the molecule, and a photosensitive composition using the same. The diazo compound can be handled under visible light free from ultraviolet, is highly photosensitive, has good shelf life, and is adequate as a photosensitive agent for lithographic printing plates and screen printing plates: ##STR1## wherein G.sup.1 is a substituent derived from alcoholic hydroxyl group; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen, or alkyl or alkyloxy of 1 to 8 carbon atoms;R.sup.3 is alkyl or substituted alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, aralkyl or substituted aralkyl of 7 to 14 carbon atoms, or --CH.sub.2 CHG.sup.2 --CH.sub.2 --;X.sup.- is an anion based on protonic acid from which a proton is removed.

Abstract: A recording material which comprises a support having provided thereon capsules containing a photosensitive diazonium salt, and a polymerizable coupler. The recording material can give a predetermined hue when light, pressure, heat and the like are applied alone or in combination. The main advantages of the recording material are that a specific hue can be selected safely, mixing of colors can be avoided, desensitization problem does not occur and a fixed image can be obtained.

Abstract: A direct thermal printer is provided having a lamp cover member which is attached to an open end of an optical fixing device, for protecting a thermosensitive recording medium from contacting a lamp of the optical fixing device. The lamp cover member is formed with a plurality of openings for reducing the absorption of light into the lamp cover member. All edges of the openings are not parallel to the recording medium transporting direction.

Abstract: A method for recording an image on a thermal recording material in which a plurality of color-development layers are laminated, the plurality of color-development layers being adapted to develop different colors, respectively, upon supply of thermal energy thereto and to form a substantially black color when all of the plurality of color-development layers undergo color development with a substantially identical density. With respect to a portion where a color other than black is to be developed, recording is effected such that a color-development density of each of the plurality of color-development layers becomes lower than a maximum color-development density of each of the plurality of color-development layers.

Abstract: A method for processing a photosensitive copying material comprises the steps of imagewise exposing to light a photosensitive copying material which comprises in order (i) a first photosensitive organic coating layer whose solubility in a developer varies through irradiation with light rays and (ii) a second organic coating layer containing a water-insoluble and organic solvent-soluble polymeric compound having an film-forming ability and then developing the imagewise exposed copying material, wherein the imagewise exposed material is dipped in the developer and then water-washed to remove the first and second organic coating layers on non-image portions. According to this method, the ability of the developer to process photosensitive copying materials is substantially improved, the amount of the waste liquor can substantially be reduced and a problem of environmental pollution can effectively be solved.

Abstract: A blueprint developing solution and process for developing blueprints, wherein the ammonia odor in the blueprints is reduced without eliminating the odor of the developing solution, comprising the incorporation of an effective amount of sodium chlorite in the developing solution or the addition of the vapor products of an aqueous sodium chlorite solution to the developing chamber of a blueprint developing machine.

Abstract: A direct color thermal printing method records a full-color image containing black characters on a thermosensitive color recording medium having three laminated thermosensitive recording layers. Three color components of each pixel are sequentially read out from three color frame memories. If all of the three color components of a pixel correspond to the maximum densities, that pixel is determined to be printed in black, and is stored as black pixel data in a black line buffer memory. When recording the black pixels, a thermal head is driven to apply a predetermined maximum amount of head energy to the thermosensitive color recording medium, for simultaneously coloring the three thermosensitive recording layers in accordance with the black pixel data.

Abstract: An aromatic diazo compound having at least two groups of Formula (I) in the molecule.This aromatic diazo compound can be handled under visible light free from ultraviolet, is high in photosensitivity, and can be produced by a simple synthesis method.The diazo compound has a high solubility in organic solvents, appropriate for use as a photosensitive material for a lithographic printing plate, can be easily developed by an alkaline developing solution mainly based on an alkaline aqueous solution, and has a water solubility appropriate for use in a screen printing plate. ##STR1## wherein Z.sup.1 indicates ##STR2## wherein .phi..sup.1 is arylene or substituted arylene; and -.phi..sup.2 is >C.dbd.O, lower alkyl, lower alkylene, or aryl or substituted aryl.R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are H, alkyl of C.sub.1 to C.sub.8, or alkyloxy of C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 ; X.sup.- is anion; and R.sup.

Abstract: A photographic contact printing process is disclosed having application in the mass production of replicate video discs from a master disc, and other applications wherein it is desired to replicate micro-detail over a relatively large area. A problem with conventional contact printing from a mask to a photographic medium is one of maintaining intimate contact over a relatively large area since dust, dirt, etc., are almost impossible to completely eliminate in any practical manner. In accordance with the present invention, a contact printing process is provided wherein intimate contact is not necessary for making high quality contact prints. The present invention recognizes that in contact printing information from a master disc to a replicate disc, the contact printing process is significantly less sensitive to imperfect contact between the master disc and the replicate disc if one employs a replicate disc comprising a photosensitive material having a certain optical properties.

Abstract: A thermodevelopable photo-recording method suitable for making bar-code labels, ID cards and the like, comprising using a thermodevelopable photo-recording material provided with thermodevelopable photo-recording layer containing at least a diazo compound and a coupler, and an electricity modulation type light shutter constructed by minute matrixes which come to be able or inable to transmit light when electric current is passed therethrough, and optionally an optical system for minizing or enlarging the final image, exposing said photo-recording material to light through a temporary image formed in said light shutter by turning on or off the electricity to pass through each of the minute matrixes, then heating said photo-recording material to get a record of the image therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing supports intended for the optical recording and reading of information. A layer containing a diazo compound is deposited onto a metallized substrate. Recording is obtained by exposing the support to light through a mask, the exposed zones of the layer of diazo compound being decomposed. Dry development in ammonia vapors shows up transparent zones and opaque zones corresponding to the information.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula(B--L).sub.m A--L'--B').sub.n (1),in which A is the radical of a bisazo or trisazo dye, L and L' are organic radicals and B and B' are cyclic organic radicals and at least one of the radicals B and B' has spectral absorption in the UV region and one of the radicals B and B' is different from 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl, m is 1 or 2 and n is 0, 1 or 2.The compounds are suitable for use as image dyes in photographic silver dye bleach materials.

Abstract: Novel diazonium salts which possess excellent photo speed, good thermal stability, exceptional resistance to discoloration in the D.sub.min areas, rapid development, and allow a wide range of azo dye colors are provided. The diazonium salts are of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is tertiary butyl or tertiary amyl; Y is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cyanoalkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, aralkylthio, arylthio, alkylthio, halogen, allyl, allyloxy, allylthio, cyanoalkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy, methoxyalkoxy, trifluoroalkyl, alkylacetylamino, morpholino, or dialkyl carbonamido;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different, and are alkyl, aralkyl, allyl, cyanoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydrogen, acyl, cycloalkyl, beta-chloroalkyl, branched alkyl, or a structure wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be linked together to form a heterocyclic structure; andX is an anion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a two-component diazotype material comprising a support and a light-sensitive layer containing (a) at least one diazonium compound derived from p-phenylenediamine and carrying a basic heterocyclic radical in the 4-position and ether groups in the 2- and 5-positions, (b) a coupler component, and (c) an acid stabilizer, the diazonium compound being present in the form of a benzenesulfonate or toluenesulfonate. The disclosed materials have a good storability and are easily developed.

Abstract: A developer is provided for lithographic plates or the like having a layer including a diazonium material, which developer enhances the effectiveness of the photolysis to which the plate had been subjected, with the result that the exposure time needed for the plate is substantially reduced. The developer, which thus enhances the apparent photospeed of the plate, includes an insolubilizing reactant that reacts with diazonium groups of diazonium materials on the plate that were not removed by photolysis during exposure in order to decrease the solubility of the diazonium material.

Abstract: An improved diazotype photoprinting material of high printing speed and its method of preparation are disclosed. The improvement is achieved by distributing through the film coating a substantially uniform distribution of sites having a refractive index substantially different from that of the remainder of the coating. The sites consist of either voids or finely divided solids. Voids are created by contacting the film coating with an aqueous fluid at elevated temperature or an organic solvent for a sufficient period of time to cause a measurable haze to appear on the film. The sites operate to reflect or refract incident light rays during imagewise exposure, and thus increase the optical path length through a given thickness of film.

Abstract: The lithographic printing plate of the invention comprises a substrate having a hydrophilic surface, a coating on said surface of a light sensitive material (e.g., a water soluble diazo) and a top coating of discrete, oleophilic resin particles (e.g., an emulsion polymer), the resin particle coating being:(a) transparent to actinic light;(b) sufficiently permeable to allow a developer for the light sensitive material to penetrate through to the underlying light sensitive coating;(c) insoluble in said developer;(d) capable of being coalesced in situ after the plate is imaged and developed.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparing an oleophilic drafting film and related light-sensitive reprographic member. An aqueous drafting composition is disclosed which is both compatible with hydrophobic material and diazo light-sensitive compositions which provides for an expedient method of fabricating drafting film. The drafting composition comprises an acrylic resin emulsion containing an aziridine hardening agent.

Abstract: A light-sensitive material having on a support a light-sensitive layer containing an o-quinonediazide compound as a main component and, additionally, a particular compound represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z represents the nonmetallic atoms forming a 5-membered ring; X represents S, O, ##STR2## or .dbd.N--R.sub.c (where R.sub.a, R.sub.b and R.sub.c are each a hydrogen atom or an organic group other than a carboxylic acid group); and Y is a hydrogen atom or an organic group other than a carboxylic acid group, is disclosed. This material can provide both positive and negative working images having high resolution and good adhesiveness to the support. A process for producing positive working images includes the steps of imagewise exposure and development processing, while a process for producing negative working images includes the steps of imagewise exposure, heating, uniform (overall) exposure and development processing.

Abstract: This invention relates to a one- or two-component diazo-type material with improved light stability and duplication capabilities. This is accomplished by using compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 being the same or different, represent hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 and/or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 represent the alkyl groups necessary for completion of a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, wherein the ring may comprise a further hetero atom, such as N, O or S;R.sub.5, R.sub.6 being the same or different, represent hydrogen, aryl, alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms;Y represents --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --; andn is 0, 1, 2, 3,which are added to the material as fading inhibitors. These compounds can be easily synthesized and are compatible with the system, having an absorption maximum below 380 nm and reduced fogging tendency. They may also be employed in the form of their hydro salts.

Abstract: Process for making a lithographic printing plate having an oleophilic amplified image prepared by(a) providing a silicated aluminum substrate with a hydrophilic, anionic, negatively charged surface and a layer on said surface of a light sensitive, cationic, positively charged, water soluble diazonium material having at least two reactive sites per molecule, each reactive site being capable of being chemically altered by actinic light or chemically reacted with an anionic material;(b) selectively and incompletely exposing the diazo layer to actinic light to alter only a portion of the reactive sites thereby adhering the diazo material to the substrate in the exposed areas;(c) coupling the diazo layer with an anionic material to reinforce diazo in the exposed areas in situ and remove diazo from the unexposed areas by contacting the substrate after exposure with an anionic material in water in a quantity and for a time sufficient to couple the anionic material with the diazo and dissolve the coupled product from

Abstract: A diazo type thermosensitive recording material comprising a support material and a thermosensitive recording layer formed thereon, wherein the thermosensitive recording layer comprises a diazo compound, a coupler, a thermo-fusible or thermo-softening binder agent and a thermo-fusible material. The weight ratio of the diazo compound and the thermo-fusible material is in the range of 1:2 to 1:30, and both the diazo compound and the coupler exist as separate particles in the thermosensitive recording layer.

Abstract: It is the purpose and object of the present invention to make better use of the emission range of light sources and to create the diazonium salts necessary for such purpose. The diazonium salts of the present invention of the general formula ##STR1## wherein Y is ##STR2## R.sub.1, R.sub.2 are equal or different and are, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms in a mono or polycylic ring;R.sub.3 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, cyano;R.sub.4 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy; andX.sup.e is an anion,can be employed with all known couplers and additives in diazotype materials. They have an absorption range of 480 to 550 nm.

Abstract: Process for removing unexposed diazo from a silicated aluminum lithographic printing plate having a hydrophilic, anionic, negatively charged surface and a layer of a light sensitive, cationic diazo material which has been selectively exposed to actinic light in an image area. The plate is contacted after exposure with a solution of an anionic material in water. Anionic material from the solution ionically couples with unexposed diazo material and the solution still containing anionic material dissolves the coupled product from the unexposed areas producing a clean, hydrophilic background.

Abstract: A diazo microfilm which is resistant to fading upon exposure to strong light for extended periods of time is provided. The fade-resistant diazo microfilm is produced by saponifying a cellulose alkanoate film to an extent defined by certain infrared absorption parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for producing color transparencies on a recording element comprising an additive color filter screen having disposed thereon a coating of a visible light-transmissive, invisible light-sensitive, silverless material, preferably a diazo or vesicular material. The method comprises the steps of imagewise exposing a panchromatic auxiliary layer, e.g. a photoconductive layer, to a multicolored object, such exposure being made through the recording element of the invention. This step acts to produce in the auxiliary layer a monochrome image containing color image information of the multicolored object. Next, the silverless material is exposed to invisible actinic radiation, such exposure being made through the monochrome image formed in or on the panchromatic auxiliary layer. This step serves to transfer the color image information from the auxiliary layer to the silverless layer of the recording element.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a highly readable diazo copy from a blue line original. An illumination source provides actinic energy which is substantially absorbed by the blue image of a diazo blue line print and in which no substantial exposure of the diazo paper can occur from energy which is non-responsive to the blue image. The light source produces major energy in the range of about 4600 to 5900 Angstroms. A filter or other means is provided to remove any spurious wavelengths which are non-responsive to the blue image and which can expose the diazo paper.

Abstract: A photographic element, comprising a photographic base carrying a light-sensitive photographic silver halide emulsion layer and a photosensitive non-silver halide layer in operative association with said silver halide layer, said non-silver halide layer containing a light-sensitive composition selected from the group consisting of diazotype compositions, vesicular compositions and photosensitive polymers.

Abstract: There is disclosed a composition and element, comprising a diazo resin and a mordant for anionic dyes that is compatible with the resin. The element of the invention is suitable for dye immersion and dye transfer to a mordanted receiver.