Abstract: As a display device has a higher definition, the number of pixels, gate lines, and signal lines are increased. When the number of the gate lines and the signal lines are increased, there occurs a problem that it is difficult to mount an IC chip including a driver circuit for driving the gate and signal lines by bonding or the like, whereby manufacturing cost is increased. A pixel portion and a driver circuit for driving the pixel portion are provided over the same substrate, and at least part of the driver circuit includes a thin film transistor using an oxide semiconductor interposed between gate electrodes provided above and below the oxide semiconductor. Therefore, when the pixel portion and the driver circuit are provided over the same substrate, manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Abstract: Multi-layer, negative working imageable elements useful as lithographic printing plate precursors are disclosed. The elements contain, in order, a support; an underlayer; and an imageable layer. The imageable layer comprises a negative working imageable composition; and the underlayer is soluble or dispersible in a developer. Elements that can be imaged with ultraviolet or visible radiation and elements that can be imaged with infrared radiation or with heat are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a negative-working presensitized plate useful for preparing a lithographic printing plate having a negative-working photosensitive layer on an aluminum substrate, which comprises an intermediate layer comprising a compound having at least one diazonium group and molecular weight of 1000 or less formed between said photosensitive layer and said aluminum substrate. The lithographic printing plate prepared from the negative-working presensitized plate of the present invention shows excellent adhesiveness between a substrate and a photosensitive layer and does not cause contamination in non-imaging areas during printing operation, while maintaining high sensitivity, sensitive range and performance of the photosensitive layer.

Abstract: An image forming material having a support having disposed in an order thereon an acid-crosslinkable layer, which contains a compound that generates an acid by light or heat and a compound crosslinkable by the acid generated and whose alkali solubility is lowered by the crosslinking, and a radical-polymerizable layer, which contains a compound that generates a radical by light or heat and a compound capable of undergoing a radical polymerization and whose alkali solubility is lowered by the polymerization.

Abstract: The present invention provides a negative-working presensitized plate useful for preparing a lithographic printing plate having a negative-working photosensitive layer on an aluminum substrate, which comprises an intermediate layer comprising a compound having at least one diazonium group and molecular weight of 1000 or less formed between said photosensitive layer and said aluminum substrate. The lithographic printing plate prepared from the negative-working presensitized plate of the present invention shows excellent adhesiveness between a substrate and a photosensitive layer and does not cause contamination in non-imaging areas during printing operation, while maintaining high sensitivity, sensitive range and performance of the photosensitive layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recording material having a substrate and a negative-working, radiation-sensitive layer which contains a diazonium salt, metal-free colored pigments dispersed in an organic polymeric binder, transparent spacer pigments having a pore volume of more than 1.0 ml/g and a polymeric binder. The predispersal of the colored pigments is achieved by milling with an organic polymeric binder containing hydroxyl groups, some or all of which have been reacted with a di- or polycarboxylic anhydride so that the binder has an acid number of from 20 to 200. Printing plates in which the printing parts have a clearly visible contrast relative to the substrate can be produced from the recording material.

Abstract: A diazotype reproduction material is a fibrous paper base having at least one overcoat, which is an acidic diazotype layer and a layer strata below the overcoat containing an anionic compound to minimize deep penetration of diazotype diazonium salts.

Abstract: A laminated substrate including a substrate and a hydrophilic resin layer formed on the substrate, wherein the hydrophilic layer is one made from a resin composition including a hydrophobic polymer linked to a hydrophilic polymer having acidic groups, salts of acidic groups, basic groups, or salts of basic groups; a photosensitive lithographic printing plate including a substrate and a dampening water receiving layer and a photosensitive layer formed on the substrate successively, wherein the above hydrophilic resin layer is used as the dampening water receiving layer; and an image-adding lithographic printing plate including a substrate and an image-receiving layer formed on the substrate, wherein the above hydrophilic resin layer is used as the image-receiving layer.

Abstract: A mechanically and/or electrochemically grained and optionally anodized base material composed of aluminum or its alloys, to which a hydrophilic layer of at least one polymer containing basic and acidic groups is applied. This layer is followed by a further hydrophilic layer which contains at least one compound containing at least one phosphono group. In addition, the invention relates to a method of producing said carrier material and to photosensitive recording material for offset printing plates produced therewith.

Abstract: The present invention provides an imaging element comprising on a hydrophilic support a light sensitive layer containing a diazo resin or a diazonium salt characterized in that said light sensitive layer contains pullulan. The obtained imaging element shows an improved storage stability.

Abstract: The present invention provides an imaging element comprising on a support in the order given, a hydrophilic layer containing a hydrophilic (co)polymer or (co)polymer mixture and being hardened with a hydrolyzed tetraalkyl orthosilicate crosslinking agent and a light sensitive layer containing a diazo resin or a diazonium salt characterized in that an intermediate hydrophilic layer containing an organic compound having one or more cationic groups is provided between said hydrophilic layer and said light-sensitive layer. There is further provided a method for making such an imaging element and a method for making a lithographic printing plate therewith.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing semiconductor devices comprises the steps of preparing a semiconductor substrate having a surface and a natural oxide film on the surface, forming an adsorption enhancement layer on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, forming an impurity adsorption layer containing impurities on the adsorption enhancement layer, and thermally diffusing the impurities through the adsorption enhancement layer and the natural oxide film into the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive composition comprising a diazo resin and a polymeric compound containing a structural unit represented by the following formula (I) in the molecule: ##STR1## wherein J represents a divalent linking group and n is 0 or 1. Disclosed is also a photosensitive lithographic printing using the photosensitive composition.

Abstract: Homogeneous cyclophilin, a soluble binding protein, having a specific binding activity of above 50 ug cyclosporin A per mg protein and a molecular weight of about 17,600 daltons, reversibly binds immunosuppressants or antibodies thereto such as cyclosporin or anti-cyclophilin. It is isolated from the cytosol of several different mammalian tissues and can be used in various diagnostic and purifications procedures.

Abstract: A photosensitive recording material comprising (a) a substrate having a hydrophilic surface, (b) an undercoating layer comprising at least one compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of thiol, thioether and disulfide groups, and (c) a photosensitive layer comprising at least one diazonium compound and a high molecular weight binder compound which is insoluble in water and soluble in aqueous alkaline solution. The resulting developed plate yields no background contamination in printing process.

Abstract: A light-sensitive composition comprises a diazo resin, a polymeric binder, and at least one compound having at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of ureido bond, thioureido bond, urethane bond and thiourethane bond. The light-sensitive composition can suitably be used for preparing a presensitized plate for use in making lithographic printing plates and is excellent in developability with an aqueous alkaline developer.

Abstract: In a process for producing a support for a lithographic printing plate, at least one surface of an aluminum sheet is subjected to roughening treatment and subsequently to anodic oxidation treatment at a current density of at least 1 A/dm.sup.2 in an electrolytic solution containing 0.1 to 5% by weight of an alkaline electrolyte. Even if scratches are formed on non-image areas of a printing plate prepared from the support according to the invention, such scratches cause less stains on a printed matter.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive, imageable article comprises in sequence a substrate, a vapor-deposited colorant layer capable of providing a reflection optical density of at least 0.6 to a 10 nm band of the electromagnetic spectrum between 280 and 900 nm, a vapor-deposited metal or metalloid layer of uniform composition, and a photosensitive resist layer which is non-integral with said colorant layer, the ratio of the thickness of said colorant layer to said metal or metalloid layer being at least 7:1.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing materials in the form of sheets, foils or webs comprising chemically, mechanically and/or electrochemically roughened and anodically oxidized aluminum or one of its alloys, wherein the resultant aluminum oxide layers are post-treated with an aqueous solution containing phosphoroxo anions, is performed such that a post-treatment of the aluminum oxide layers is effected by immersion in an aqueous solution containing hexametaphosphate anion. In a preferred embodiment, the aqueous solution is adjusted to a pH of 1 to 5 by addition of an acid. The resulting materials, which have reduced adsorption properties, are preferably employed as support materials for offset printing plates.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved overlay proofing film. More, particularly, the invention relates to an improved overlay proofing film comprising a substantially transparent polyester base film which has deposed thereon a substantially uniform adhesive layer comprising aluminum oxide, which adhesive layer has deposed thereon a substantially uniform optical layer comprising magnesium fluoride, said polyester base film being coated on either side with a light sensitive mixture ofa. a resinous binder;b. a colorant; andc. a light sensitive material.

Abstract: An improved negative working photographic element is prepared by coating a suitable substrate with a photosensitive composition comprising an admixture of two light sensitive diazonium salts and a binder composition comprising a polyvinyl acetate resin and a styrene/maleic acid half ester copolymer. Upon imagewise exposure of the element to actinic radiation through a suitable mask, the unexposed portions are removable with an aqueous alkaline developer.

Abstract: The invention relates to new diazotype materials of which the sensitive layer contains, as a base generator, a compound comprising a basic part and an acid part, the acid part being a 2-carboxycarboxamide group and the basic part consisting of an alkali metal cation or alkaline earth metal cation or a tetraalkylammonium cation.These diazotype materials develop rapidly and possess an excellent resistance to ageing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a developer composition for exposed, light-sensitive, negative-working reproduction layers, which may contain an organic binder, comprising water and a salt of a substituted aromatic carboxylic acid, in particular, from about 5 to 60% by weight of at least one salt of an aromatic carboxylic acid having substituents which are immediately adjacent to the carboxyl group and represent an amino group, a hydroxyl group, and/or chlorine or bromine. Also disclosed is a process for developing the reproduction layers utilizing the disclosed developers, wherein the reproduction layer contains, in particular, a polymeric organic binder with an acetal, anhydride, amide and/or a carboxyl group.

Abstract: An improved planographic printing plate comprised of a metal substrate, a sealing layer, an interlayer formed from a monomer or polymer of an organic compound having at least one cationic, quaternary substituted ammonium group, and a photosensitive layer on the surface of the interlayer. The printing plates are water developable and characterized by cleaner non-imaging areas during printing operations. The method of preparing such planographic printing plates is also described and illustrated.

Abstract: Photo-fixing heat-sensitive recording media which comprise diazonium salts, couplers and/or basic materials, all of these components being insoluble or sparingly soluble in water. At least one of these components is present in the media in the form of a fine powder. The coupler may be a coupler which has a basic group therein and serves as both a coupler and a basic material.

Abstract: An image-forming laminate is formed by the combination of a thin, frangible light opaque material on top of a photosensitive layer which changes its surfactant properties when irradiated. The photosensitive layer according to the present invention comprises a film-forming polymeric binder, a photosensitive acid generator, and a surfactant selected from nonionic surfactants, the neutral form of cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and surfactant acid salts. Preferably the frangible light opaque material is a thin metal layer. There can also be present a support layer on the other surface of the photosensitive layer, as well as there can be an adhesive layer secured to the upper surface of the frangible light opaque material. The strength of adherence of the adhesive layer to the metal should be intermediate the strength of the adherence of the light opaque material prior to and after photoactivation.

Abstract: An improved planographic printing plate comprised of a metal substrate, a sealing layer, an interlayer formed from a monomer or polymer of an organic compound having at least one cationic, quaternary sustituted ammonium group, and a photosensitive layer on the surface of the interlayer. The printing plates are water developable and characterized by cleaner non-imaging areas during printing operations. The method of preparing such planographic printing plates is also described and illustrated.

Abstract: Lithographic printing substrates ordinarily require a mechanical or chemical graining of aluminum surfaces. Such substrates are difficult and expensive to make. It has been found that a lithographically suitable substrate on an aluminum surface can be provided by the firing of monoaluminum phosphate solutions on substrates having an aluminum surface.

Abstract: An aluminum substrate is electrochemically or thermally deposited with a ceramic surface coating comprising an organic acid, such as polyvinyl phosphonic acid, and an alkaline earth silicate or borate.

Abstract: A photo-sensitive and heat-sensitive composition consisting essentially of a leuco-pigment; a hydrogen donator; a photo-reductant which, when exposed to a visible light, produces a reducing agent by the action of said hydrogen donator coexisting therewith; a photooxidant which, when exposed to an ultraviolet ray, causes said leuco-pigment coexisting therewith to generate color and simultaneously, when reacted with said reducing agent, is deprived of its own oxidizing ability; and a cobalt complex which reacts with the reducing agent in amplifying manner to thereby suppress the reaction of a color-forming system, and a recording element using the same.