Abstract: Circuits, methods, and apparatus that provide improved data encoding for data transmitted through a channel of limited bandwidth. One example can provide circuits, signaling methods, and apparatus that can encode data to more fully utilize a bandwidth of a physical channel. This encoding can help to increase a data rate through the physical channel.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for the generation of chimaeric human-non-human antibodies and chimaeric antibody chains, antibodies and antibody chains so produced, and derivatives thereof including fully humanised antibodies; compositions comprising said antibodies, antibody chains and derivatives, as well as cells, non-human mammals and vectors, suitable for use in said methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a self-adhesive, heat-sensitive recording material, comprising a carrier substrate, a heat-sensitive, color-forming layer that is applied on one side of the carrier substrate and contains at least a non-phenolic color developer in and at least one color former, a siliconized layer on the upper side of the heat-sensitive, color-forming layer that is applied on the carrier substrate, as well as an adhesive layer on the side of the carrier substrate facing away from the heat-sensitive, color-forming layer.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for the generation of chimaeric human-non-human antibodies and chimaeric antibody chains, antibodies and antibody chains so produced, and derivatives thereof including fully humanized antibodies; compositions comprising said antibodies, antibody chains and derivatives, as well as cells, non-human mammals and vectors, suitable for use in said methods.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for the generation of chimaeric human-non-human antibodies and chimaeric antibody chains, antibodies and antibody chains so produced, and derivatives thereof including fully humanized antibodies; compositions comprising said antibodies, antibody chains and derivatives, as well as cells, non-human mammals and vectors, suitable for use in said methods.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for the generation of chimaeric human-non-human antibodies and chimaeric antibody chains, antibodies and antibody chains so produced, and derivatives thereof including fully humanized antibodies; compositions comprising the antibodies, antibody chains and derivatives, as well as cells, non-human mammals and vectors, suitable for use in the methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the provision of antibody therapeutics and prophylactics that are tailored specifically for human use. The present invention provides libraries, vertebrates and cells, such as transgenic mice or rats or transgenic mouse or rat cells. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods of using the vertebrates to isolate antibodies or nucleotide sequences encoding antibodies. Antibodies, heavy chains, polypeptides, nucleotide sequences, pharmaceutical compositions and uses are also provided by the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides improved non-human vertebrates and non-vertebrate cells capable of expressing antibodies comprising human variable region sequences. The present invention is directed to the provision of long HCDR3s from non-human vertebrates and cells. The present invention is also directed to the provision of novel V, D and J pairings in immunoglobulin heavy and light chain loci. Novel, biased antibody diversities and potentially expanded diversities are provided. The invention also provides for novel and potentially expanded diversity or diversity that is biased towards variable gene usage common to antibodies useful for treating and/or preventing certain diseases or conditions, such as infectious diseases. The invention also provides methods of generating antibodies using such vertebrates, as well as the antibodies per se, therapeutic compositions thereof and uses.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for the generation of chimaeric human-non-human antibodies and chimaeric antibody chains, antibodies and antibody chains so produced, and derivatives thereof including fully humanized antibodies; compositions comprising said antibodies, antibody chains and derivatives, as well as cells, non-human mammals and vectors, suitable for use in said methods.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a transgenic non-human mammal which contains a chimeric immunoglobulin locus containing human variable region gene segments at an endogenous Ig locus operatively linked to non-human mammalian constant region genes, and methods to produce chimeric antibodies therefrom.

Abstract: The invention provides lactamic polymers comprising an acetoacetate moiety. The lactamic polymers may be readily functionalized and the functionalized lactamic polymers may be further derivatized to provide a wide variety of useful polymers having desirable chemical and physical properties. The lactamic polymers of the invention may be employed in a wide variety of compositions. (A); (B) wherein R1-R6, w, x, y, z, and n are described herein.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for the generation of chimaeric human—non-human antibodies and chimaeric antibody chains, antibodies and antibody chains so produced, and derivatives thereof including fully humanized antibodies; compositions comprising said antibodies, antibody chains and derivatives, as well as cells, non-human mammals and vectors, suitable for use in said methods.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for the generation of chimaeric human-non-human antibodies and chimaeric antibody chains, antibodies and antibody chains so produced, and derivatives thereof including fully humanized antibodies; compositions comprising said antibodies, antibody chains and derivatives, as well as cells, non-human mammals and vectors, suitable for use in said methods.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for the generation of chimaeric human—non-human antibodies and chimaeric antibody chains, antibodies and antibody chains so produced, and derivatives thereof including fully humanized antibodies; compositions comprising said antibodies, antibody chains and derivatives, as well as cells, non-human mammals and vectors, suitable for use in said methods.

Abstract: A UV radiation (UVR) response indicator comprises a first UVB and/or UVA radiation sensitive material which has been modified so as to display an altered characteristic in a delayed manner in response to UVB and/or UVA radiation exposure. The UV indicator is capable of displaying exposure to increased UV radiation over a period of time. The present invention also relates to a method of displaying a relative amount of exposure to UVR by a UV indicator over a period of time. The invention is particularly useful in detecting the level of exposure to sunlight or sunbed radiation.

Abstract: A method for producing a structure includes, in this order, providing a substrate composed of a first resin layer and a second resin layer laminated in this order, the first resin layer being made of a positive photosensitive resin having positive photosensitivity to light having a wavelength of 280 nm or more, and the second resin layer containing an anthracene compound, partially exposing the second resin layer to light having a wavelength of 300 nm or more, radiating light having a wavelength of 280 nm or more to the first resin layer through the exposed portions of the second resin layer using the unexposed portions of the second resin layer as a mask, thereby exposing the first resin layer to light, and removing the exposed portions of the first resin layer to form a structure.

Abstract: A composition comprising i) a color forming component which is susceptible to changing color when irradiated; ii) an amine neutralised alkylaromatic sulphonic acid; and iii) a binder. Methods of marking a substrate comprising incorporating within or applying to a substrate the composition of this invention, and substrates coated with the composition, are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to use of a diacetylene compound as a color former wherein the diacetylene compound has one of general formulae (I) to (V). The invention also includes methods of imparting color to a material including a compound as defined above, which comprises subjecting the material to irradiation.

Abstract: Methods of, and systems for, multi-lingual two-sided printing are provided. According to one embodiment, a method of multi-lingual two-sided printing is provided, the method comprising: initiating a transaction; identifying a first language for printing on a first side of two-sided media and a second language for printing on a second side of the two-sided media based on one or more aspects of the transaction; printing information on the first side of the two-sided media in the first language; and printing information on the second side of the two-sided media in the second language, wherein the first language is different from the second language. Variations including the printing of transaction information on a first side of two-side media and additional information on a second side of the two-sided media when an identified first language is not different from an identified second language are also disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-layer laminate media is provided on which information may be applied in machine or human readable form on a visible front surface by the output of one or more lasers, or other high intensity light source. In a preferred embodiment, the media has three layers including preferably transparent substrate, a thermochromic layer and a light absorbent layer located intermediate the media substrate and the thermochromic layer. The light absorbent layer is adapted to absorb light from the light source and convert the absorbed light into heat. The heat is immediately conducted into selected portions of the thermochromic layer which is in thermal contact with the light absorbent layer, causing portions of the thermochromic layer to change visual appearance such as color to create the desired mark. The media optimally includes obscuration materials to reduce the visibility of the light absorbent layer to the naked eye.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive resin composition for a color filter protective layer including a cross-linkable alkali soluble resin including a repeating unit represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, a reactive unsaturated compound, a photopolymerization initiator, and a solvent. In Chemical Formulae 1 to 3, R1 to R6 and A1 to A3 are the same as in the detailed description.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for forming color images on a substrate capable of development at desired wavelengths or energy levels are disclosed and described. The color forming composition can include a carrier system and a latent pigment with a pendent group, wherein the latent pigment is colorless or pale in color while the pendent group is attached, and wherein the latent pigment is convertible to a colored pigment upon removal of the pendent group. Alternatively, the latent pigment can have multiple states of conjugation where the latent pigment is colorless or pale in a first conjugation state, and colored in a second conjugation state. The color forming compositions are useful in forming images on a wide variety of substrates, such as optical disks.

Abstract: An imaging method is disclosed. An imaging composition is coated on a work piece followed by applying a sufficient amount of energy from a 3-D imaging system to form an image on the coated work piece. The image may be a logo or marker for alignment of parts.

Abstract: The present invention provides dual energy imaging compositions, processes for forming dual energy imaging compositions, methods for forming images using dual energy imaging compositions and substrate (e.g., paper web) treated (e.g., coated) on one or both sides with a dual energy imaging composition. Also provided is a particulate comprising a matrix of polymer material and containing one or more image-forming agents and a photo-oxidizing agent useful in making dual energy imaging compositions.

Abstract: A composition comprising i) a colour forming component which is susceptible to changing colour when irradiated; ii) an amine neutralised alkylaromatic sulphonic acid; and iii) a binder. Methods of marking a substrate comprising incorporating within or applying to a substrate the composition of this invention, and substrates coated with the composition, are also provided.

Abstract: A multi-layer laminate media is provided on which information may be applied in machine or human readable form on a visible front surface by the output of one or more lasers, or other high intensity light source. In a preferred embodiment, the media has three layers including a substrate, a thermochromic layer and a light absorbent layer such as carbon black located intermediate the media substrate and the thermochromic layer. The light absorbent layer is adapted to absorb light from the light source and convert the absorbed light into heat. The heat is immediately conducted into selected portions of the thermochromic layer which is in thermal contact with the light absorbent layer, causing portions of the thermochromic layer to change visual appearance such as color to create the desired mark. The invention includes a method and apparatus for using the media in conjunction with labeling produce items.

Abstract: A multicolor direct thermal imaging method and an imaging member for use therein, wherein a multicolor image is formed in a thermal imaging member having at least two different image-forming compositions capable of forming two different colors. Heat is used to form an image in the first color at a first speed of travel of the thermal imaging member with respect to the source of heat, and heat is used to form an image in the second color at a second speed of travel of the thermal imaging member with respect to the source of heat, where the first speed of travel and the second speed of travel are different from each other.

Abstract: A two-photon absorbing optical recording material comprising at least one two-photon absorbing compound and a recording component is provided. Recording is made on it by utilizing the two-photon absorption of the two-photon absorbing compound in the material, and then the material is irradiated with light to thereby detect the difference in the reflectance between the recorded area and the unrecorded area thereof, and the recorded information is thereby reproduced from the material, and also provided are a photosensitive polymer composition and a photon-mode recording method for the material.

Abstract: A radiation image-able coating includes a first phase including a radiation curable polymer matrix and an activator disposed in the radiation curable polymer matrix, a second phase insolubly distributed in the first phase, the second phase including a color-former, and a sensitizing agent distributed in at least one of the first and second phase, wherein the first phase includes a radiation curable polymer matrix containing at least one high glass transition temperature (Tg) monofunctional monomer or oligomer having a Tg greater than approximately 60° C.

Abstract: There are described novel rhodamine dye compounds and imaging members and imaging methods, including thermal imaging members and imaging methods, utilizing the compounds. The dye compounds exhibit a first color when in the crystalline form and a second color, different from the first color, when in the liquid, amorphous form.

Abstract: A solvent-less process for producing a transient document which is capable of self-erasing, wherein the solvent-less process includes a) heating and reacting a photochromic compound and a polymer to form a coating composition, and b) coating the coating composition onto an image-receiving side of a transient document substrate, and further an image forming method using the same solvent-less process and including (i) providing a reimageable medium of a substrate and a photochromic material, wherein the medium is capable of exhibiting a color contrast and an absence of the color contrast; (ii) exposing the medium to an imaging light corresponding to a predetermined image to result in an exposed region and a non-exposed region, wherein the color contrast is present between the exposed region and the non-exposed region to allow a temporary image corresponding to the predetermined image to be visible for a visible time; (iii) subjecting the temporary image to an indoor ambient condition for an image erasing time t

Abstract: Disclosed are novel aminium, diimonium, and polymethine borate dyes that have at least one absorption maximum in the infrared spectral region between about 700 and 2000 nm and that are useful as infrared absorbers, the anionic borate moiety having the formula: [BXaYb]?, in which a and b are integers with a ranging from 0 to 3 and b ranging from 1 to 4 and a+b=4; X, which may be identical or different, are each a halogen atom, an OH functional group, or a C1 to C20 alkyl or alicyclic radical, and Y, which may be identical or different, are each a phenyl radical, at least one Y substituted by at least one element or electron-withdrawing substituent such as a perfluoroalkyl group, or by one or more halogen atoms, or an aryl radical containing at least two aromatic ring members, which may also be further substituted. Such dyes may be incorporated into films or bulk materials to form light filters for electromagnetic radiation, including laser radiation.

Abstract: Composites, methods, and systems for production of multi-color images which are developable at various wavelengths are disclosed and described. The color forming composite can include a first color forming layer having a first polymer matrix, a first color former, and a first developer where the first color former and the first developer can be in separate phases within the first color forming layer; a second color forming layer having a second polymer matrix, a second color former, and a second developer where the second color former and the second developer can be in separate phases within the second color forming layer; and at least one radiation absorber. The radiation absorber can be present in at least one of the first or second color forming layers. Additionally, the first color forming layer can have a first extinction coefficient that is higher than the second extinction coefficient of the second color forming layer.

Abstract: Imaging layers, image recording media, and methods of preparation of each, are disclosed.

Abstract: In various aspects, the present invention provides substantially monolayer thick molecular films with photoresponsive wettability, the molecules of said films comprising a photochromic molecule coordinated to a metal atom, which is coordinated to an organic tethering molecule, surface coupling group, or both, having a group for attachment to a surface of a substrate. In various aspects, the present inventions also provide photochromic articles comprising said films, methods of forming said films, and methods of manufacturing photochromic articles using said films. In various embodiments, provided are molecular films where the photoconversion between configurations of the photochromic molecule is substantially reversible by irradiation with light. In various embodiments, provided are films where the photoconversion is substantially irreversible by irradiation with light.

Abstract: An image forming medium including at least a polymer and a photochromic compound such as spiropyran embedded in the polymer, wherein spiropyran molecules of the spiropyran compound are chelated by a cation.

Abstract: A composition, method, and system for recording an image. The system includes an imaging material in which radiation energy is absorbed by an antenna material. The antenna material may be chosen from the group consisting of phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines.

Abstract: Imaging layers, image recording media, and methods of preparation of each, are disclosed.

Abstract: Imaging compositions and methods of using the compositions are disclosed. The imaging compositions are sensitive to low levels of energy such that upon application of the low levels of energy the compositions change color or shade. The compositions may be used in methods of marking.

Abstract: A composition, method, and system for recording an image. The system includes a multiphase imaging material in which energy is absorbed by an antenna material. The absorbed energy causes the reaction of an oxidizer and a leucozine dye.

Abstract: Imaging layers, image recording media, and methods of preparation of each, are disclosed. One exemplary embodiment of the imaging layer, among others, includes a matrix; a radiation absorbing compound dissolved in the matrix; an aromatic compound dissolved in the matrix; a color former; and an activator. One of the activator and the color former is dissolved in the matrix and the other of the activator and the color former is substantially insoluble in the matrix at ambient conditions and is substantially uniformly distributed in the matrix.

Abstract: Imaging compositions and methods of using the compositions are disclosed. The imaging compositions are sensitive to low levels of energy such that upon application of the low levels of energy the compositions change color or shade. The compositions may be applied to a work piece to mark it and removed from the work piece by peeling.

Abstract: A reimageable recording medium includes a substrate, a display layer, and a protective layer. The protective layer comprises a microencapsulated diarylethene material that is capable of switching between a UV absorbing and UV transparent state. During an imaging process, the protective layer is switched from a UV absorbing state to a UV transparent state to allow UV light of a sufficient wavelength to convert a photochromic material of the display layer to a colored state to form an image. The protective material is then switched back to a UV absorbing state to prevent the UV light component from a reading source to convert unimaged areas of the display layer to change color, which would reduce the contrast and resolution of the imaged medium.

Abstract: A composition, method, and system for recording an image. The system includes a multiphase imaging material in which energy is absorbed by an antenna material. The absorbed energy causes the reaction of an activator and a color-forming material.

Abstract: A protective, switchable layer adapted for use in transient imageable documents is disclosed. The protective layer can be disposed on an underlying photochromic layer and enables writing or imaging the underlying layer. The protective layer prevents unintentional writing on the photochromic layer, such as can otherwise occur from exposure to certain wavelengths of light.

Abstract: Methods of forming a dye donor layer of a dye-donor element for a thermal dye transfer system are described. The methods include coating colored particles in a compressed carrier fluid on the substrate of the dye-donor element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a color-developing agent resin composition, which contains: (1) a phenolic resin represented by formula I; and (2) a blend of graft copolymers of a phenolic resin and a multivalent metal salt polymer of a substituted aryl carboxylic acid, said graft copolymers are represented by (II) and (III). The present invention further relates to a resin emulsion containing the color-developing agent resin composition and a method for preparing the same. The color-developing agent resin composition and the color-developing agent resin emulsion of the present invention are used for no-carbon copying paper as special resin color-developing agents. They have advantages of not only fast developing at a low temperature and bright colors, but also heavy developing strength and good light-aging resistance of writing, and furthermore, their coatings are not easy to turn yellow when they are hold in the air, and the like.

Abstract: Imaging compositions and methods of using the compositions are disclosed. The imaging compositions are sensitive to low levels of energy such that upon application of the low levels of energy the compositions change color or shade. The compositions may be applied to a work piece to mark it and removed from the work piece by peeling.

Abstract: Imaging layers, image recording media, and methods of preparation of each, are provided. One exemplary embodiment of the imaging layer, among others, includes a matrix, a radiation absorbing compound dissolved in the matrix, at least two activators substantially dissolved in the matrix, and a color former. The activators can include a primary activator having a higher acidity than a secondary activator. In addition, the primary activator has a lower solubility in the matrix than the secondary activator. The color former is substantially insoluble in the matrix at ambient conditions and is substantially uniformly distributed in the matrix.

Abstract: To detect an irradiated radiation efficiently, so that the dose can be measured with high sensitivity. A photochromic material comprising an illuminant(s) which emits a light when irradiated with a radiation and a diarylethene photochromic compound(s) having a specific structure, and a color dose meter employing it.