Blocking Or Barrier Layer Patents (Class 430/64)
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Patent number: 7371492Abstract: The present invention is a photoconductive element that includes an electrically conductive support, an electrical barrier layer disposed over said electrically conductive support, and disposed over said barrier layer, a charge generation layer capable of generating positive charge carriers when exposed to actinic radiation. The barrier layer includes a vinyl polymer with aromatic tetracarbonylbisimide side groups and crosslinking sites.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 2005Date of Patent: May 13, 2008Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Wayne T. Ferrar, Xin Jin, David S. Weiss, Michel F. Molaire, William T. Gruenbaum
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Publication number: 20080070136Abstract: An imaging member containing an optional supporting substrate, a photogenerating layer, a charge transport layer, and an overcoat layer comprised, for example, of a phenolic resin containing a phenolic charge transport component.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 15, 2006Publication date: March 20, 2008Inventors: Nan-Xing Hu, Yvan Gagnon, Ah-Mee Hor
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Patent number: 7314694Abstract: An imaging member comprised of a hole blocking layer, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein the hole blocking layer is comprised of a metal alkyoxide, an amino siloxane, and at least one polymer binder containing epoxy groups.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2005Date of Patent: January 1, 2008Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Yuhua Tong, Nancy L. Belknap, John F. Yanus, Jin Wu
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Publication number: 20070292795Abstract: The present invention is a photoconductive element containing an electrically conductive support, an electrical barrier layer disposed over said electrically conductive support and a charge generation layer capable of generating positive charge carriers when exposed to actinic radiation disposed over the barrier layer. The barrier layer is formed from a blocked polyisocyanate containing tetracarbonylbisimide groups. The present invention also discloses a new composition of a blocked polyisocyanate containing tetracarbonylbisimide groups.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 15, 2006Publication date: December 20, 2007Inventor: Michel F. Molaire
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Publication number: 20070292796Abstract: The present invention is a photoconductive element that includes an electrically conductive support, an electrical barrier layer disposed over said electrically conductive support, and disposed over said barrier layer, a charge generation layer capable of generating positive charge carriers when exposed to actinic radiation. The barrier layer includes a monomeric glass mixture incorporating tetracarbonylbisimide groups.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 15, 2006Publication date: December 20, 2007Inventor: Michel F. Molaire
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Patent number: 7267915Abstract: This invention relates to electrophotography and to amorphous condensation polymers comprising a polyester-co-imide, polyester-co-imide, polyesterionomer-co-imide, or polyamide-co-imide as a polymeric electrical charge barrier layer.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 2004Date of Patent: September 11, 2007Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Michel F. Molaire, Wayne T. Ferrar, Tulienne R. Molaire
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Patent number: 7258958Abstract: An organic photoconductor, comprises a conductive base, a charge generating lager and a charge transport layer, wherein the charge generating lager and the charge transport layer are provided in this order on the conductive base, wherein when a curve is drawn by plotting integrated-values of a detected current in terms of time in measurement of transient photocurrent by TOF (time of flight) measurement with an electric field intensity of 10V/?m , crossing angle ? of two tangent lines tangent to the curve is 15° to 45°; and the charge transport lager has a film thickness of 20 to 35 ?m.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 2004Date of Patent: August 21, 2007Assignee: Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Akihiko Itami, Kazuhisa Shida
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Patent number: 7244485Abstract: A seamed flexible belt having a substrate and a seam having interlocking seam members, wherein the interlocking seam members are held together by an adhesive having polyamide and an optional electrically conductive filler, for use in electrostatographic, contact electrostatic, digital and other like printing machines.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 2001Date of Patent: July 17, 2007Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Ralph A. Mosher, T. Edwin Freeman, Theodore Lovallo, Damodar M. Pai, John F. Yanus, Timothy J. Fuller, Markus R. Silvestri, Gerald M. Fletcher, Antonio DeCrescentis, Ihor W. Tarnawskyj
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Publication number: 20070141488Abstract: In imaging member comprising a charge generating layer, a charge transport layers and an optional barrier layer between the charge generating layer and the charge transport layer. The charge transport layer may comprise a first and a second or more layers, wherein the first layer comprises a film-forming polymer having hole-transporting capability, but does not contain charge transport molecules.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 20, 2006Publication date: June 21, 2007Inventor: Robert C.U. Yu
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Patent number: 7226712Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of an optional supporting substrate, a hole blocking layer thereover, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein the hole blocking layer is comprised of a pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 2005Date of Patent: June 5, 2007Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Timothy J. Fuller, Helen R. Cherniack, Damodar M. Pai, Markus R. Silvestri, John F. Yanus, Yuhua Tong, Dale S. Renfer, Kenny-Tuan T. Dinh, Merlin E. Scharfe, Steven M. Sterling
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Patent number: 7205081Abstract: An imaging method utilizing an imaging member containing a supporting substrate, a layer of a charge carrier injecting surface, a hole blocking layer, an optional adhesive layer, a layer of a charge carrier transport material, a layer of an charge carrier generating material, an optional charge trapping layer, a crossed linked silicone rubber, and an electrically insulating overcoating layer. The member is first charged with electrostatic charges of a first polarity, charged a second time with electrostatic charges of a polarity opposite to said first polarity in order to substantially neutralize the charges residing on the electrically insulating surface of the member and exposed to an imagewise pattern of activating electromagnetic radiation whereby an electrostatic latent image is formed. The electrostatic latent image may be developed to form a visible image which may be transferred to a receiver member. The imaging member may be reused after erasure and cleaning.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 2001Date of Patent: April 17, 2007Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Merlin E. Scharfe, Richard L. Schank, William W. Limburg, Damodar M. Pai, Dale S. Renfer, John F. Yanus, Paul J. DeFeo
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Patent number: 7166398Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having an interlayer and a photosensitive layer on an electroconductive substrate, wherein the interlayer comprises any one of 1) an N-type semiconductive particle containing at least one of transition metals having an atomic number of 21 to 30, 39, 41 to 48 and 57 to 80, the total amount of the transition metals having an atomic number of 21 to 30, 39, 41 to 48 and 57 to 80 being from 100 ppm to 2.0% by mass, or 2) a metal oxide particle containing a silicon atom in a bond energy spectrum by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at a ratio represented by the following Formula (1): Formula (1) 0.02?Si/M?0.55 Si: a peak intensity of a silicon atom among the bond energy spectrum, and M: a peak intensity of a metal atom among the bond energy spectrum.Type: GrantFiled: March 11, 2004Date of Patent: January 23, 2007Assignee: Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Akihiko Itami, Tomoo Sakimura, Kazuhisa Shida, Masao Asano, Hiroshi Yamazaki
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Patent number: 7144971Abstract: A polycarbonate generated from the polymerization of a protected hydroxylated bisphenolic compound, a bisphenol, a monophenolic endcapping agent, a bisphenol haloformate, and a curing compound, and thereafter subjecting the obtained polymer to a reaction with an acidic compound. A hydroxylated charge transport compound may also be included in the polycarbonate.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 2004Date of Patent: December 5, 2006Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Timothy P. Bender, H Bruce Goodbrand
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Patent number: 7135218Abstract: A film is made of an insulating matrix resin and an electroconductive material, in which the electroconductive material is dispersed in the insulating matrix resin in such a manner that a surface resistivity of A [?] of the film and a volume resistivity of B [?·cm] of the film in the direction of a thickness thereof normal to the surface of the film satisfy a relationship of: A>B, and when the film has a thickness of T [cm], the electroconductive material is dispersed in the insulating matrix resin in such a manner that the surface resistivity of A [?] of the film and the volume resistivity of B [?·cm] of the film satisfy a relationship of: A[?]×T[cm]>B[?·cm]. This film can be prepared by a centrifugal molding method.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 2002Date of Patent: November 14, 2006Assignee: Ricoh Company, Ltd.Inventors: Minoru Matsuo, Hideki Komatsu, Akiko Tanaka, Yuichi Jibiki
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Patent number: 7125635Abstract: An undercoat composition and resulting layer formed therefrom, is disclosed which finds particular application in multilayered photoreceptors, such as are used in xerographic printing systems. The undercoat composition comprises an n-type pigment and a binary binder comprising an isocyanate and a phenolic resin.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 2003Date of Patent: October 24, 2006Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Jin Wu, Nancy Lynn Belknap, Jennifer Y. Hwang, Liang-bih Lin, Yuhua Tong
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Patent number: 7097950Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member capable of outputting an image in which a defect such as a ghost is suppressed even in a high-temperature-and-high-humidity environment, and in which a defect such as a change in density due to an abrupt change in light-area potential at an initial stage or a ghost due to long-term durable use is suppressed even in a low-humidity environment; and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each having the electrophotographic photosensitive member; are provided. The electrophotographic photosensitive member has a layer which comprises a compound having a specific structure between a support and a charge-generating layer.Type: GrantFiled: June 14, 2005Date of Patent: August 29, 2006Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Masato Tanaka, Masataka Kawahara, Atsushi Fujii, Yuka Ishizuka
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Patent number: 7070894Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of an optional supporting substrate, a hole blocking layer thereover, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein the hole blocking layer is comprised of at least one copolymer of an aminoalkyltrialkoxysilane and a silane.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 2004Date of Patent: July 4, 2006Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Timothy P. Bender, John F. Graham, Ah-Mee Hor, Johann Junginger
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Patent number: 7070893Abstract: An electrographic or electrostatographic imaging member comprises a supporting substrate, an undercoating layer, a charge generating layer, and a charge transport layer. Thick undercoating layers were prepared with a charge erase enabler by doping an undercoating layer with a charge generating pigment that is strongly absorbing at typical erase lamp light. Doped thick undercoating layers demonstrate good electrical properties with an erase energy reduction of at least 50 V. A process for fabricating an imaging member and an apparatus comprising such an member are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 2004Date of Patent: July 4, 2006Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: John S. Chambers, Liang-Bih Lin, Jin Wu, Jennifer Y. Hwang, Linda L. Ferrarese, Francisco López
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Patent number: 7052813Abstract: A charge transport layer for an imaging member comprising a first and second charge transport layer wherein the second charge transport layer comprises a charge transport component, a hindered phenol covalently bonded to a polymer, and an additional polymer binder other than the polymer containing the hindered phenol. The charge transport layer exhibits excellent wear resistance, excellent electrical performance, and excellent print quality.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 2005Date of Patent: May 30, 2006Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Yuhua Tong, Timothy J. Fuller, Colleen A. Helbig, Kent J. Evans, John F. Yanus, Karen S. Garland, Paul J. DeFeo, Anita P. Lynch, Kathleen M. Carmichael, Damodar M. Pai, Dale S. Renfer, Markus R. Silvestri
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Patent number: 7049038Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of an optional supporting substrate, a hole blocking layer thereover, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein the hole blocking layer is comprised of a pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 2004Date of Patent: May 23, 2006Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Timothy J. Fuller, Helen R. Cherniack, Damodar M. Pai, Markus R. Silvestri, John F. Yanus, Yuhua Tong, Dale S. Renfer, Kenny-Tuan T. Dinh, Merlin E. Scharfe, Steven M. Sterling
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Patent number: 7045262Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of a photogenerating layer and a charge transport layer, and wherein the charge transport layer contains a polymeric solid acid.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 2004Date of Patent: May 16, 2006Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Yuhua Tong, Satchidanand Mishra, Anthony M. Horgan, John F. Yanus, Dale S. Renfer, Robert C. U. Yu, Markus R. Silvestri, Cindy C. Chen, Lanhui Zhang
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Patent number: 7045263Abstract: This invention relates to an improved organophotoreceptor that comprises an electrically conductive substrate; a photoconductive element comprising a charge generation compound and a salt of an electron transport compound. In some embodiments, the photoconductive element has a photoconductive layer with the charge generation compound and an overcoat layer with the salt of the electron transport compound in which the photoconductive layer is on the electrically conductive substrate and the overcoat layer is on the photoconductive layer.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 2003Date of Patent: May 16, 2006Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.Inventors: Jiayi Zhu, Nusrallah Jubran, Kam Wah Law, Zbigniew Tokarski
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Patent number: 7018758Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of a hole blocking layer, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein the hole blocking layer is generated from a solution of a metal alkyloxide, an amino alkylsilane, an aminoalkoxy silane or an aminoalkyl alkoxy silane, a polymer binder, and an organic solvent.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 2003Date of Patent: March 28, 2006Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Yuhua Tong, Jin Wu, Linda L. Ferrarese, Liang-Bih Lin, John F. Yanus
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Patent number: 6946226Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate, a hole blocking layer thereover, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein the hole blocking layer is comprised of particles chemically attached on the surface of an electron transport component.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 2003Date of Patent: September 20, 2005Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Jin Wu, Yuhua Tong, Liang-Bih Lin, Nan-Xing Hu, Linda L. Ferrarese, James M. Duff, Yu Qi
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Patent number: 6890693Abstract: Improved organophotoreceptor have an electrically conductive substrate, a charge generation layer comprising a charge generation compound and optionally a charge transport compound, and an overcoat layer comprising an electron transport compound wherein the charge generation layer is between the overcoat layer and the electrically conductive substrate. The organophotoreceptor can optionally comprise a charge transport layer and/or other desired layers. The organophotoreceptors are useful in electrophotographic imaging apparatuses and corresponding processes.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 2003Date of Patent: May 10, 2005Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Inventors: Jiayi Zhu, Nusrallah Jubran, Zbigniew Tokarski, James A. Baker, Ronald J. Moudry
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Patent number: 6866977Abstract: Disclosed are photoconductive elements including a conductive support, e.g., an electrically conductive film, drum, or belt, on which a negatively chargeable photoconductive layer is disposed. An electrical barrier layer is disposed between the conductive support and the photoconductive layer. The barrier layer provides a high energy barrier to the injection of positive charges, but transports electrons under an applied electric field. In embodiments, the barrier layer can transport charge by electronic mechanisms, and, is not substantially affected by humidity changes. The barrier layer includes a polyamide-co-imide having covalently bonded as repeat units in the polymer chain, aromatic tetracarbonylbisimide groups of the formula: wherein Ar1 and Ar2 respectively represent tetravalent or trivalent aromatic groups of 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, and X is O, C(CF3)2, S?O or SO2.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 2002Date of Patent: March 15, 2005Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Louis J. Sorriero, Michel F. Molaire, Marie B. O'Regan, Wayne T. Ferrar, David S. Weiss, Jane Robin Cowdery
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Patent number: 6858363Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate, a hole blocking layer thereover, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein the hole blocking layer is comprised of a metallic component and an electron transport component.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 2003Date of Patent: February 22, 2005Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Nancy L. Belknap, Cindy C. Chen, Lanhui Zhang, Andronique Ioannidis, James M. Duff, John F. Graham, Timothy P. Bender
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Publication number: 20040214100Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member containing a photogenerating layer, a charge transport layer, or a plurality of charge transport layers, and which charge transport, especially the top charge transport layer contains a vinyl containing organic compound.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 24, 2003Publication date: October 28, 2004Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Robert C.U. Yu, Satchidanand Mishra, Anthony M. Horgan, Richard L. Post, Yuhua Tong, Edward F. Grabowski, Kathleen M. Carmichael, Markus R. Silvestri
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Publication number: 20040197686Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate, a hole blocking layer thereover, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and wherein the hole blocking layer is comprised of a metallic component and an electron transport component.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 4, 2003Publication date: October 7, 2004Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Nancy L. Belknap, Cindy C. Chen, Lanhui Zhang, Andronique Ioannidis, James M. Duff, John F. Graham, Timothy P. Bender
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Patent number: 6800411Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of a substrate, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer containing a binder and a compound containing at least two (methyl)acrylates.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 2003Date of Patent: October 5, 2004Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Yuhua Tong, Jin Wu, Liang-Bih Lin, John F. Yanus
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Patent number: 6780554Abstract: A charge transport layer for an imaging member comprising a photogenerating layer, (1) a first charge transport layer comprised of a charge transport component and a resin binder, and thereover and in contact with the first layer (2) a second top charge transport layer comprised of a charge transport component, and a polymer of a styrene containing hindered phenol. The charge transport layer exhibits excellent wear resistance, excellent electrical performance, and outstanding print quality.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 2002Date of Patent: August 24, 2004Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Yuhua Tong, Timothy J. Fuller, Colleen A. Helbig, Kent J. Evans, John F. Yanus, Karen S. Garland, Paul J. DeFeo, Anita P. Lynch, Kathleen M. Carmichael, Damodar M. Pai
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Publication number: 20040161682Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member containing a hole blocking layer, a photogenerating layer, a charge transport layer, and thereover an overcoat layer comprised of a polymer With a low dielectric constant and charge transport molecules.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 19, 2003Publication date: August 19, 2004Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Jin Wu, Markus R. Silvestri, Liang-Bih Lin, Cindy C. Chen
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Publication number: 20040161681Abstract: A photoconductive imaging member comprised of a substrate, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer containing a binder and a compound containing at least two (methyl)acrylates.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 19, 2003Publication date: August 19, 2004Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Yuhua Tong, Jin Wu, Liang-Bih Lin, John F. Yanus
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Patent number: 6777149Abstract: An image forming apparatus including at least an image irradiator configured to irradiate a photoreceptor with a coherent light beam while scanning to form pixel light spots thereon for forming an electrostatic latent image thereon, wherein the light spots overlap with adjacent light spots; and an image developer configured to develop the electrostatic latent image with a developer, wherein the photoreceptor comprises an intermediate layer located overlying an electroconductive substrate, a charge generation layer located overlying the intermediate layer and a charge transport layer located overlying the charge generation layer, wherein the charge generation layer satisfies the following relationship: T1≦3.5% wherein T1 represents a relative mirror reflectance of the charge generation layer against the coherent light beam when the coherent light beam irradiates the charge generation layer at an incident angle of 5°.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 2002Date of Patent: August 17, 2004Assignee: Ricoh Company LimitedInventors: Takaaki Ikegami, Akihiro Sugino
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Patent number: 6770410Abstract: An imaging member including, for example, a substrate, a charge blocking layer, an optional adhesive layer, a charge generating layer, a charge transporting layer comprising a charge transport component and a polymer binder substantially free of low molecular weight fractions.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 2002Date of Patent: August 3, 2004Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Robert C. U. Yu, Timothy J. Fuller, Kathleen M. Carmichael
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Publication number: 20040115546Abstract: A charge transport layer for an imaging member comprising a charge transport layer wherein the charge transport layer is coated in two passes and wherein the second pass comprises the application of a charge transport component and a hindered phenol covalently bonded to a polymer. The charge transport layer exhibits excellent wear resistance, excellent electrical performance, and excellent print quality.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 16, 2002Publication date: June 17, 2004Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Yuhua Tong, Timothy J. Fuller, Colleen A. Helbig, Kent J. Evans, John F. Yanus, Karen S. Garland, Paul J. DeFeo, Anita P. Lynch, Kathleen M. Carmichael, Damodar M. Pai, Dale S. Renfer, Markus R. Silvestri
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Publication number: 20040115544Abstract: A charge transport layer for an imaging member comprising a charge transport layer wherein the charge transport layer comprises the application of charge transport molecules and a poly(fluoroacrylate)-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate) surfactant. The charge transport layer exhibits excellent wear resistance, excellent electrical performance, excellent print quality and decreased crystallization of the charge transport component.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 16, 2002Publication date: June 17, 2004Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Min-Hong Fu, Colleen A. Helbig, Kent J. Evans, Kathleen M. Carmichael, David M. Skinner
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Publication number: 20040115545Abstract: A charge transport layer for an imaging member comprising a dual charge transport layer and wherein the charge transport layers comprise a photogenerating layer; (1) a first charge transport layer comprised of a charge transport component and a resin binder; and thereover and in contact with the first layer; (2) a second top charge transport layer comprised of a charge transport component, a resin binder and a hindered phenol dopant. The charge transport layer exhibits, excellent electrical performance, outstanding print quality and reduces the diffusion of the anti-oxidant into the charge generator layer.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 16, 2002Publication date: June 17, 2004Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Anthony M. Horgan, Satchidanand Mishra, Robert C.U. Yu, Kathleen M. Carmichael, Kent J. Evans, Timothy J. Fuller, Colleen A. Helbig, John F. Yanus, Damodar M. Pai, Karen S. Garland
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Publication number: 20040091801Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a support, an undercoating, and a photosensitive layer, wherein the undercoating includes a charge transport material which is soluble in an organic solvent and a binder resin.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 3, 2003Publication date: May 13, 2004Applicant: SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hae-ree Joo, Beom-jun Kim, Nam-Jeong Lee, Hwan-koo Lee, Saburo Yokota, Kyung-yol Yon
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Publication number: 20040086796Abstract: An imaging member including, for example, a substrate, a charge blocking layer, an optional adhesive layer, a charge generating layer, a charge transporting layer comprising, and a film forming polymer binder substantially free of low molecular weight fractions.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 31, 2002Publication date: May 6, 2004Applicant: Xerox Corporation.Inventors: Robert C. U. Yu, Timothy J. Fuller, Kathleen M. Carmichael
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Patent number: 6723480Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotography photosensitive body substrate, photosensitive body, and electrophotography device used in a contact charging process that can prevent the occurrence of minor insulation damage of around diameter 0.1-0.5 mm. In an electrophotography photosensitive body substrate having a sealed aluminum anodic oxidation film on its surface, the anodic oxidation film is sealed by a sealing agent in which an anion surface active agent is beneficially added.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 2002Date of Patent: April 20, 2004Assignee: Fuji Electric Imaging Device Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hidetaka Yahagi, Naoyuki Senba, Masaru Kobashi, Mikio Yamazaki, Shinichiro Nishimaki, Yutaka Nakagishi, Masaaki Sakaguchi
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Patent number: 6656652Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, and a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer provided on the support in this order. The charge generation layer contains a charge-generating material in an amount of more than 2 parts by weight and not more than 5 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of a binder resin, and the support has a surface roughness in which a maximum height RmaxD, a 10-point average roughness Rz, an arithmetic-mean roughness Ra and an unevenness average distance Sm fulfill the following conditions: 1.2 &mgr;m≦RmaxD≦5.0 &mgr;m, 1.2 &mgr;m≦Rz≦3.0 &mgr;m, 0.15 &mgr;m≦Ra≦0.5 &mgr;m, 30 &mgr;m<Sm≦80 &mgr;m. Also disclosed are a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus which have the electrophotographic photosensitive member.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2001Date of Patent: December 2, 2003Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shuji Ishii, Kazushige Nakamura, Noriyuki Takagi
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Publication number: 20030194626Abstract: Improved organophotoreceptor have an electrically conductive substrate, a charge generation layer comprising a charge generation compound and optionally a charge transport compound, and an overcoat layer comprising an electron transport compound wherein the charge generation layer is between the overcoat layer and the electrically conductive substrate. The organophotoreceptor can optionally comprise a charge transport layer and/or other desired layers. The organophotoreceptors are useful in electrophotographic imaging apparatuses and corresponding processes.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 25, 2003Publication date: October 16, 2003Inventors: Jiayi Zhu, Nusrallah Jubran, Zbigniew Tokarski, James A. Baker, Ronald J. Moudry
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Publication number: 20030162109Abstract: Disclosed are photoconductive elements including a conductive support, e.g., an electrically conductive film, drum, or belt, on which a negatively chargeable photoconductive layer is disposed. An electrical barrier layer is disposed between the conductive support and the photoconductive layer. The barrier layer provides a high energy barrier to the injection of positive charges, but transports electrons under an applied electric field. In embodiments, the barrier layer can transport charge by electronic mechanisms, and, is not substantially affected by humidity changes.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 14, 2002Publication date: August 28, 2003Inventors: Louis J. Sorriero, Michel F. Molaire, Marie B. O' Regan, Wayne T. Ferrar, David S. Weiss, Jane Robin Cowdery
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Patent number: 6596383Abstract: A film is made of an insulating matrix resin and an electroconductive material, in which the electroconductive material is dispersed in the insulating matrix resin in such a manner that a surface resistivity of A [&OHgr;] of the film and a volume resistivity of B [&OHgr;·cm] of the film in the direction of a thickness thereof normal to the surface of the film satisfy a relationship of: A>B, and when the film has a thickness of T [cm], the electroconductive material is dispersed in the insulating matrix resin in such a manner that the surface resistivity of A [&OHgr;] of the film and the volume resistivity of B [&OHgr;·cm] of the film satisfy a relationship of: A [&OHgr;]×T [cm]>B [&OHgr;·cm]. This film can be prepared by a centrifugal molding method.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1999Date of Patent: July 22, 2003Assignee: Ricoh Company, Ltd.Inventors: Minoru Matsuo, Hideki Komatsu, Akiko Tanaka, Yuichi Jibiki
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Patent number: 6593046Abstract: Disclosed are photoconductive elements including a conductive support, e.g., an electrically conductive film, drum, or belt, on which a negatively chargeable photoconductive layer is disposed. An electrical barrier layer is disposed between the conductive support and the photoconductive layer. The barrier layer provides a high energy barrier to the injection of positive charges, but transports electrons under an applied electric field. In embodiments, the barrier layer can transport charge by electronic, or both electronic and ionic mechanisms, and, is not substantially affected by humidity changes. The barrier layer includes a polyester-co-imides, polyesterionomer-co-imides, or polyamide-co-imides having covalently bonded as repeat units in the polymer chain, aromatic tetracarbonylbisimide groups of the formula: wherein Ar1 and Ar2 respectively represent tetravalent or trivalent aromatic groups of 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, and X is O, C(CF3)2, S═O or SO2.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 2001Date of Patent: July 15, 2003Assignee: Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AGInventors: Louis J. Sorriero, Michel F. Molaire, Marie B. O'Regan, Wayne T. Ferrar, David S. Weiss, Jane Robin Cowdery
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Publication number: 20030118927Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having, between an electroconductive substrate and a photosensitive layer, an interlayer which contains fine metal oxide particles and a binder resin and which, when an electric field of 106 V/m is applied thereto at 28° C. and 85% RH, has a volume resistivity of from 108 to 1013 &OHgr;·cm and, when an electric field of 106 V/m is applied thereto at 15° C. and 15% RH, has a volume resistivity which is up to 500 times the volume resistivity thereof as measured when an electric field of 106 V/m is applied thereto at 28° C. and 85% RH.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 8, 2002Publication date: June 26, 2003Applicant: FUJI XEROX CO., LTD.Inventors: Hirofumi Nakamura, Ichiro Takegawa, Hidemi Nukada, Masahiro Iwasaki, Michiko Aida, Yukiko Kamijo, Masahiko Miyamoto, Tetsuya Ezumi, Takashi Yamada, Koji Bando, Taketoshi Hoshizaki
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Publication number: 20030113646Abstract: An imaging method utilizing an imaging member containing a supporting substrate, a layer of a charge carrier injecting surface, a hole blocking layer, an optional adhesive layer, a layer of a charge carrier transport material, a layer of an charge carrier generating material, an optional charge trapping layer, a crossed linked silicone rubber, and an electrically insulating overcoating layer. The member is first charged with electrostatic charges of a first polarity, charged a second time with electrostatic charges of a polarity opposite to said first polarity in order to substantially neutralize the charges residing on the electrically insulating surface of the member and exposed to an imagewise pattern of activating electromagnetic radiation whereby an electrostatic latent image is formed. The electrostatic latent image may be developed to form a visible image which may be transferred to a receiver member. The imaging member may be reused after erasure and cleaning.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 14, 2001Publication date: June 19, 2003Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Merlin E. Scharfe, Richard L. Schank, William W. Limburg, Damodar M. Pai, Dale S. Renfer, John F. Yanus, Paul J. DeFeo
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Publication number: 20030096180Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having at least an undercoat layer and a photosensitive layer on an electroconductive substrate, wherein at least one layer of the undercoat layer contains a naphthalocyanine compound of the following formula (1): 1Type: ApplicationFiled: July 17, 2002Publication date: May 22, 2003Applicant: Mitsubishi Chemical CorporationInventors: Hiroe Kizaki, Mamoru Nozomi, Tetsuo Ozawa, Kozo Ishio
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Patent number: 6551752Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member exhibiting good potential characteristic and image forming characteristic fee from difficulties, such as lower image density or black spots and fog, over wide temperature and humidity environment condition, is provided by inserting a specific intermediate layer between a support and a photosensitive layer. The intermediate layer comprises an organic acid aluminum salt compound, preferably formed by heating an aqueous dispersion sol formed by reaction of an organic aluminum compound or a hydrolyzate thereof with an organic acid in an aqueous medium.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 2001Date of Patent: April 22, 2003Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Itaru Takaya, Takeshi Ikeda, Masataka Kawahara