Abstract: A method for developing a culture medium using genome information and in silico analysis. In one implementation, the method involves developing a minimal synthetic medium, including the steps of constructing a metabolic network using genome information of prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cell, selecting components of the minimal synthetic medium removing any one among external metabolites from the constructed metabolic network and conducting metabolic flux analysis using in silico simulation, and determining a final culture medium by actual culture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions that can improve biological activity or can increase population density of natural or beneficial microorganisms on surfaces. By proper use of the compositions, the present invention provides uses of protecting plants from plant pathogen, harmful insects or weedy plants or of promoting plant growth. By proper use of the compositions in the present invention, biological activity or population density of natural or beneficial microorganisms can be increased and the improved biological activity or population density of the microorganisms can protect plants from harmful organisms including plant pathogens, harmful insects or weedy plants or can promote plant growth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel antimicrobial compound of lactoquinomycin that is highly effective against many antibiotic-resistant gram-positive bacteria; namely, methicillin-resistant and vancomycin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecilis and Mycobacteria. The present invention also relates to a fermentation process of culturing a Streptomyces strain to prepare the antimicrobial compound and its use in killing the antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Abstract: A method for retention testing sterilizing grade filters comprises: a) providing a stock of Acholeplasma laidlawii; b) growing up the stock of A. laidlawii for about 24 hours or less in a single serum-free growth medium that supports cell growth to a high titer and yields a cellular morphology where the cells are small, deaggregated and spherical, thereby producing a bacterial culture; c) challenging a test filter by filtering the bacterial culture through the test filter at a known challenge level, thereby producing a filtrate downstream of the test filter; and d) detecting concentration of A. laidlawii in the filtrate. Serum-free growth media for cultivating or storing A. laidlawii are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of nutrition and medicine. Provided are compositions, bacterial strains and methods for inducing or enhancing satiety and satiation and for treating or preventing obesity, overweight and overweight related diseases.

Abstract: A medium composition is provided. The medium composition comprising about: NaCl/KCl 1.0-3.0%; Inositol/lactose/trehalose/dextran 0.5-7.0%; Mg/Ca 0.0-300 mM; Yeast Extract/Casamino acids 0.01-0.05%; BSA/egg albumin 0.02-1.0%; and Ethanol/methanol/propanol 0.1-3.5%.

Abstract: A bacterial growth medium for promoting auto-induction of transcription of cloned DNA in cultures of bacterial cells grown batchwise is disclosed. The transcription is under the control of a lac repressor. Also disclosed is a bacterial growth medium for improving the production of a selenomethionine-containing protein or polypeptide in a bacterial cell, the protein or polypeptide being produced by recombinant DNA techniques from a lac or T7lac promoter, the bacterial cell encoding a vitamin B12-dependent homocysteine methylase. Finally, disclosed is a bacterial growth medium for suppressing auto-induction of expression in cultures of bacterial cells grown batchwise, said transcription being under the control of lac repressor.

Abstract: Particular aspects provide novel compositions and methods useful for the growth, isolation and detection of microorganisms that have ?-glucosidase activity (e.g., the bacterium E. sakazakii). Certain embodiments provide a novel growth and/or plating media, comprising a fluorogenic ?-glucosidase substrate, which is both selective for and differential to E. sakazakii. In particular embodiments, the ?-glucosidase substrate comprises 4-methylumbelliferyl-?-D-glucoside. Additional embodiments relate to a selection media. Further embodiments relate to a selective medium that is based on Tryptone Bile agar. Still further embodiments relate to OK media as defined herein. Other embodiments of the invention relate to methods for growing bacterial cultures on media that is selective for and differential to microorganisms that have ?-glucosidase activity (e.g., the bacterium E. sakazakii).

Abstract: An applicator for applying a liquid carrier having live bacteria suspended therein, which are in a dormant state, to a target host comprising a pump having inlet and discharge sides, with the inlet side of the pump being in fluid communication with the liquid carrier. A first fluid conduit extends from the discharge side of the pump to an air induction nozzle which is in communication with a source of air under pressure. A flow control is imposed in the first conduit for adjusting the amount of liquid carrier passing therethrough. The pump and the air supply for the air induction nozzle are operatively connected to a power supply. The pump, when activated, causes the liquid carrier to be pumped to the air induction nozzle wherein the liquid carrier is mixed with air to create small droplets thereof for spraying onto the target host.

Abstract: A method of increasing production of a methylmalonyl-CoA derivative in a bacterium is disclosed that includes providing a bacterium that produces a methylmalonyl-CoA derivative in which methylmalonyl-CoA mutase function has been inhibited and culturing the bacterium in a medium containing an effective amount of methylmalonyl-CoA or a precursor thereof to increase the production of the methylmalonyl-CoA derivative by the bacterium. The production of the methylmalonyl-CoA derivative is increased when compared to production of the methylmalonyl-CoA derivative by the bacterium when cultured in a medium without the effective amount of methylmalonyl-CoA or a precursor thereof.

Abstract: Compounds are identified simultaneously as having antibiotic activity targeting a specific microbial protein and having no or limited toxicity against eukaryotic cells by expressing the microbial protein in eukaryotic cells by expressing the microbial protein in eukaryotic cells which then are used to screen candidate antibiotic compounds. Preferably, yeast cells such as Schizosaccharomyces pombe are transfected with and express a target bacterial protein such as FtsZ or MreB, optionally as a fusion with a reporter protein, and these transfected cells are used to screen libraries of compounds simultaneously for activity against the bacterial protein and lack of toxicity against the yeast cell.

Abstract: A medium for the growth of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci comprising: (i) a nutrient medium with an energy source effective to support growth and reproduction of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci; (ii) an effective amount of one or more selective agents to inhibit the growth of microorganisms other than vancomycin-resistant Enterococci; (iii) a Krebs cycle intermediate.

Abstract: A method of making sampling tubes containing culture growth media by loading the sample tubes containing culture media into a tray that holds the sample tubes, placing the sample tube trays into a rack with shelving to hold the trays and tubes at a predetermined angle, and sterilizing and cooling the sample tubes in an autoclave or inspissator. The culture growth media solidifies at the predetermined slant angle and the sample tube trays are loaded into the packaging box used for shipment. The trays are subsequently used by the end user for processing microbial growth, including storing and collecting data about microbial samples.

Abstract: The present invention provides a triple vital bacteria composition, including: powder of Bifidobacterium longum, powder of Lactobacillus acidophilus, and powder of Streptococcus faecalis. The present invention further provides a method for preparing the above triple vital bacteria composition, as well as the protection agents, fermenting culture medium and seed culture medium used therein.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods of growing of microorganisms in cell culture media comprising cellulosic material as a carbon source. The present invention further provides novel cell culture media cellulosic material as a carbon source. In certain embodiments, inventive cell culture media substantially lack a carbon source other than cellulosic material (e.g., the media substantially lack glucose and glycerol). In certain embodiments, inventive cell culture media comprise cellulosic material as the sole carbon source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving the strength of a porous or permeable material. The invention particularly relates to a method comprising: contacting at least one type of calcification bacteria with a porous or permeable material; contacting the calcification bacteria with a calcification medium; said method or process further comprising: contact the calcification bacteria with an adhesion agent and the assimilation of the adhesion agent by the calcification bacteria. The invention can be used for reinforcing floors, in particular liquefiable floors, for the stabilisation of slopes, for the calcification of non organic or organic substrates, and for the restoration or protection of a frontage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medium for detecting and/or identifying microorganisms present in a sample, comprising a culture medium and at least one substrate that can be hydrolysed to a labelled product by at least a first enzyme not free in the sample, and specific for the microorganisms, characterized in that it also comprises at least one inhibitor of at least a second enzyme, different from the first enzyme or identical to it, but free in said sample and not originating from a microorganism. The present invention also finds a preferred application in the field of biomedical diagnosis or in food microbiology, and more particularly in bacteriology and mycology.

Abstract: A detection medium including a substrate for a metabolic activity specific for a group of Gram-negative bacteria a beta-glucosidase or cellobiosidase substrate and a beta-glucosidase or cellobiosidase inducer. The inducer is a carbohydrate constituted of a carbohydrate linked in the ?-position to glucose, or a carbohydrate with a ? glucoside subunit, preferably selected from cellobiose, cellulose, starch, cellotriose and trehalose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to formulations of culture mediums for the industrial development of liquid starter cultures characterized by a larger number of microbial cells per volume unit of fermentation medium than the one of traditional liquid starter cultures, which number can be defined a priori depending on the formulation of said medium.

Abstract: There is provided a microbial culture medium and a microbial culture method for adequately growing a target bacterium contained in an antibacterial test sample. The microbial culture medium for growing a target bacterium contained in an antibacterial test sample is composed of a basal medium for microbial culture, and acid clay or activated clay contained in the basal medium. The microbial culture method for growing a target bacterium contained in an antibacterial test sample using a microbial culture medium includes adding acid clay or activated clay to a solution of the test sample. It is preferred that the acid clay or activated clay be combined with activated carbon.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a method of treating an organic substance-containing waste liquid, and a treatment apparatus therefor, and an additive for treating an organic substance-containing waste liquid, and a bacterium for degrading an organic substance component or the like in the waste liquid, capable of accomplishing at least one of treatment of the organic substance-containing waste liquid with a high efficiency and a high treatment rate, without substantially generating a foul odor, and obtainment of water quality that is suitable for releasing to sewage, a public water area, or the like.

Abstract: A chemically defined media supplemented with organic acids is used for supporting in vitro growth of Campylobacter and Arcobacter species.

Abstract: There is provided a chemically-defined liquid culture medium comprising an energy source, a carbon source, a nitrogen source, an amino acid source, a purine synthesis source, a pyrimidine synthesis source and a buffer; characterised in that the culture medium has a pH less than 7, preferably less than 6.9, most preferably about 6.8.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of streptokinase using a genetically engineered strain of Escherichia coli which overproduces streptokinase intracellularly and more particularly, the overall process disclosed herein, concerns with an improvement in the fermentative production of streptokinase using an optimized growth medium mainly comprised of simple salts and trace-elements; thus, in principal, the present process constitutes an improved and more economical means for the production of streptokinase which may be useful in thrombolytic therapy.

Abstract: Lactic bacterial strains of the genera Lactobacillus and Pediococcus which are capable of initiating and carrying out a complete malolactic fermentation on direct introduction, in the dried, frozen or lyophilised state, without a previous acclimatization step, at a concentration of between 106 and 5×107 UFC/ml , into a wine with an alcohol content of 10% or more and an average or high pH level. The resistance to alcohol is apparent with an excellent survival rate on inoculation and a rapid start to the fermentation activity such that the strain i) converts at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, of the malic acid into lactic acid in 5 days after inoculation of the wine and ii) converts at least 10%, preferably at least 25%, of the malic acid into lactic acid within 10 days of the inoculation of the wine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the isolation and cultivation of “Candidatus Helicobacter suis” and isolates of “Candidatus Helicobacter suis” obtainable by these methods. The present invention further relates to the use of these bacteria for the manufacture of antigen preparations and vaccines.

Abstract: A gamma-sterilizable nutrient medium based on casein soya peptone agar for the detection of microorganisms in hydrogen peroxide-bearing air or on hydrogen peroxide-bearing surfaces, with a content of between 2 and 10% by weight of sodium thioglycolate, between 5 and 20% by weight of sodium thiosulfate and between 10 and 30% by weight of sodium disulfite in each case with respect to the agar. Preferably the agar used is microbial content test agar and the nutrient medium may contain between 0.1 and 0.25% by weight of sodium pyruvate with respect to the agar. If bromocresol purple and bromocresol violet are used as pH-indicators the nutrient medium may also contain polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: A method of producing biogas by anaerobic digestion of organic matter may include adding cobalt, iron, and hydrochloric acid to an organic matter; bringing the organic matter in contact with biogas-producing bacteria; and digesting the organic matter under anaerobic conditions in a reactor while producing biogas and a digested sludge. A device for producing biogas may include a reactor being adapted for containing the organic matter in the form of a sludge while the sludge is digested. The device includes a feeding device for adding cobalt, iron, and hydrochloric acid to the organic matter, and an agitator for mixing the added cobalt, iron and hydrochloric acid with the organic matter. An additive, which is adapted for being added to a device for producing biogas by anaerobic digestion, may include cobalt, iron, and hydrochloric acid in an aqueous solution.

Abstract: Animal product free (APF) media and processes for the culture and fermentation of botulinum toxin producing Clostridium botulinum bacteria. The botulinum toxin obtained can be used for formulating and compounding botulinum toxin pharmaceutical compositions. The APF media can contain significantly reduced levels of meat or dairy by-products and use non-animal based products instead of the animal-derived products. Preferably, the APF media used are substantially free or free of animal derived products.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods of growing of microorganisms in cell culture media comprising crude glycerol as a carbon source. The present invention further provides novel cell culture media comprising crude glycerol as a carbon source. In certain embodiments, inventive cell culture media substantially lack refined glycerol. In certain embodiments, inventive cell culture media comprise crude glycerol as the sole carbon source.

Abstract: Methods for producing quadrivalent meningococcal meningitis polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines for serotypes A, C, Y and W-135 disclosed. Neisseria meningitidis fastidious medium was designed to maximize the yield of capsular polysaccharides and generate minimal cellular biomass and endotoxin in a short duration of fermentation. The crude polysaccharides are isolated, purified, and mechanically depolymerized by sonication. These purified polysaccharides were found in human clinical trials to be safe and immunogenic against meningococcal disease caused by N. meningitidis A, C, Y and W-135 serogroups in sub-Saharan Africa. In the preferred embodiment, the polysaccharides are conjugated to carrier proteins of diphtheria or tetanus toxiod to an average molecular size of 5100 to 9900 Daltons and provide broad spectrum protection to humans of all ages. Accelerated polysaccharide production and the efficacy of the resulting vaccine are demonstrated.

Abstract: A process for producing plasmid DNA E. coli cells comprises a pre-culture and fed-batch process. The culture media of the batch phase and the culture medium added during the feeding phase are chemically defined. The culture medium of the feeding phase contains a growth-limiting substrate and is added, for at least a fraction of the feeding phase, at a feeding rate that follows a pre-defined exponential function, thereby controlling the specific growth rate at a pre-defined value. The process results in high yield and homogeneity of plasmid DNA.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of detecting the presence of a viable micro-organism of interest in a sample containing a contaminating micro-organism.

Abstract: Isolated microbial consortia capable of degrading chlorinated carbohydrates and a method to acclimatize microbes to degrade chlorinated carbohydrates under specific conditions of temperature and salt are described. Also described is a method for using microbial consortia to degrade chlorinated carbohydrates in a waste stream.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of making xanthan gum by inoculating sugarcane fluid with a bacterium that can synthesize xanthan gum, such as a bacterium of the genus Xanthomonas.

Abstract: The assemblies of the invention can comprise a fine fiber layer forming a multilamellar web or matrix, having dispersed within the fine fiber layer a bioactive particulate material, including cells, enzymes or microorganisms. Fluid that flows through the assemblies of the invention can have any material dispersed or dissolved in the fluid react with, be absorbed by, or adsorbed onto, the bioactive particulate within the nanofiber layer. The assemblies of the invention can be used to treat or purify fluid streams. The assemblies of the invention can be used in conjunction with a bioreactor system, a bioartificial organ, or a culture container.

Abstract: Methods and compositions involving nutritive media, media supplements, media subgroup and buffer formulations are provided. Powder buffer formulations that produce particular ionic and pH conditions upon reconstitution with a solvent are also disclosed. Methods of producing these media, media supplements, media subgroups and buffer formulations as well as kits and methods for cultivation of procaryotic and eukaryotic cells (including human cells) are also provided. Also disclosed are methods of producing sterile powdered media, media supplements, powdered growth factors, media subgroup and buffer formulations. Methods of sterilization include gamma irradiation. Methods for producing dry cell powders where spray-drying a cell suspension may be used are disclosed. Cells, media, media supplements, media subgroups and buffer powders produced by these methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A microbial adherence inhibitor in the form of fowl egg antibodies is disclosed, along with the method of making it and methods of using it. The inhibitor functions by substantially preventing the attachment or adherence of colony-forming immunogens in the rumen and intestinal tracts of host food animals. The use of antibodies against Fusobacterium necrophorum adherence antigens decreases the colonization of F. necrophorum sufficiently to reduce or eliminate the incidence of liver abscesses in the animals.

Abstract: Animal product free (APF) media and processes for the culture and fermentation of botulinum toxin producing Clostridium botulinum bacteria. The botulinum toxin obtained can be used for formulating and compounding botulinum toxin pharmaceutical compositions. The APF media can contain significantly reduced levels of meat or dairy by-products and use non-animal based products instead of the animal-derived products. Preferably, the APF media used are substantially free or free of animal derived products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid nutrient media composition having alkaline pH, useful for isolating and identifying alkaliphilic microorganisms in pure form. Te media composition consists of 5-15 g of carbon source, 2.5-10 g of peptone, 2.5-10 g of yeast extract, 0.5-1.5 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate; 0.1-0.5 g of magnesium sulphate heptahydrate, 30 ?l-4 ml of super saturated solution of sodium hydroxide, 5-20 g of potassium chloride and 10-30 g of ?-carrageenan in one litre of distilled water. The potassium salt in combination with ?-carrageenan in specific proportion has been found to be a suitable replacement of agar in solidifying bacteriological media especially, for isolation of extreme alkaliphiles. The present invention also provides a method of using the solid nutrient media composition having alkaline pH to study biodiversity of cultivable alkaliphilic bacteria.

Abstract: A method for the submerged cultivation of filamentous organisms is described, where the formation of cell agglomerates, mycelial assemblages and pellets, and the adhesion to abiotic surfaces is reduced or prevented during the cultivation through the presence of particles which are insoluble or only partly soluble in the cultivation liquid and have a size of up to a few millimetres. With this method it is possible to overcome the problems hitherto in the biotechnological use of filamentous organisms.

Abstract: A live bacteria product including dormant viable bacteria suspended in a liquid carrier. The liquid carrier is sufficiently devoid of moisture so that substantially all of the bacteria will remain in a dormant state for several months or until applied to the target host. The carrier contains mineral oil and polymers and may also include an adsorbent. The product is stored and shipped in a plastic bag and is sprayed onto its target host or the like. The moisture and pH of the target host then activates the bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention relates to demucilaged flax sprouts derived from flaxseeds freed of their mucilage. The flax sprouts according to the invention are easily digestible and can be utilized in different fields, e.g. in food industry, therapy and hus-handry. The invention also relates to the production process and applications of the demucilaged flax sprouts. The present invention further relates to a process for recovering mucilaginous substance generated as a by-product in the production process as well as to various applications thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to culturing cells utilizing a matrix of microfibrillated thermoplastic polymeric materials. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of culturing cells. In addition, the invention relates to a microfibrillated article for culturing cells dispersed in a cell culture medium. The matrix of thermoplastic polymeric materials for culturing cells of this invention finds use in tissue engineering and wound healing applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides lactic acid bacteria producing Nisin, a method for selecting the same, and foods or feeds using the lactic acid bacteria.

Abstract: Methods for removing inhibitors of microbial growth, including antibiotics, from a biological sample suspected of containing one or more microorganisms are provided. The methods include contacting a sample, or a culture growth medium containing the sample, with reversed-phase adsorbent media, which remove the inhibitors of microbial growth, but allow the microorganisms of interest to remain in the sample or culture growth medium.

Abstract: A fermentation process for the production of ethanol from natural sources, such as corn, comprising introducing a fermentable sugar, an inoculant, and a stabilized chlorine dioxide into a fermentation system is disclosed. The stabilized chlorine dioxide is added preventatively to the fermentation system, at concentrations in the fermentation system of acetic acid no greater than 0.30% (weight/volume) and lactic acid no greater than 0.60% (weight/volume). The stabilized chlorine dioxide is added in an amount effective to substantially prevent growth of bacteria.

Abstract: A solid form of an inorganic peroxide product and associated process for the treatment, remediation, etc. of natural, man-made, industrial, municipal, etc., water bodies such as ponds, streams, lakes, canals, paddies, tanks, lagoons, pools, pipelines, etc, especially those that are contaminated, as well as in situ and ex situ treatment of sediment and soil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for culturing spirochetes and treating spirochetal diseases. For example, the present invention provides serum-free media for culturing spirochete bacteria in vitro. The present invention further provides methods for identifying spirochete susceptibilities to antimicrobials and antimicrobial compositions and cocktails. The present invention also provides methods for treating subjects suspected of having a spirochete infection.

Abstract: A transport media, particularly for fastidious microorganisms, has a concentration of activated charcoal less than 10 grams per litre of water. This maintains viability of the microorganisms while permitting Gram interpretation of the specimen.