Abstract: Provided herein are uses of genes for HOG, Ras and cAMP signal transduction pathways to treat fungal infection. To regulate the HOG pathway of Cryptococcus neoformans, roles of SSK1, TCO2, SSK2, PBS2, HOG1, ENA1 and NHA1 genes were investigated to find that a biosynthesis level of ergosterol is increased when these genes are inhibited. When the genes are inhibited, a large amount of ergosterol is distributed on a fungal cell membrane. Accordingly, since there are many working points of an ergosterol-binding antifungal agent, an efficiency of the ergosterol-binding antifungal agent can be considerably improved. To regulate the Ras and cAMP pathways of Cryptococcus neoformans, roles of RAS1, RAS2, CDC24, GPA1, CAC1, ACA1, PKA1, HSP12 and HSP122 genes were investigated to find that a sensitivity to a polyene- or azole-based drug is increased when these genes are inhibited.

Abstract: The present invention provides a host for genetic recombination useful in the production of heterologous proteins in a large scale, by suppressing the production of extracellular polysaccharides in the basidiomycetous yeasts. Cryptococcus sp. S-2 D11 strain (FERN BP-11482) which is characterized in that the production of extracellular polysaccharides is suppressed as compared with the parent strain.

Abstract: The present invention is a new additive material that is physically blended with polymeric material to create at least a partially biodegradable product.

Abstract: A process for separation of a mixture containing a microbial substance and a liquid using deformable filter is provided.

Abstract: Methods, biological oils, biofuels, units, and/or organisms directed to use in compression engines. A method of producing biological oils includes producing an organism and having the organism consume a feedstock. The organism includes a lipid containing fatty acids. The organism meets or exceeds at least two metrics. The metrics include: A) a cell density of at least about 115 grams per liter; B) a fatty acid content of at least about 49 percent on a dry mass basis; C) a fatty acid productivity of at least about 15 grams per liter per day; D) a fatty acid yield of at least about 0.175 grams of fatty acids produced per grams of the feedstock consumed; E) a 24 hour peak fatty acid productivity of at least about 30 grams per liter per day; F) an extraction efficiency on a percent of total fatty acid content basis of at least about 50 percent; and/or G) yield of fatty acids on oxygen of more than about 0.4 as grams of fatty acids produced per gram of oxygen consumed basis.

Abstract: Strains of Cryptococcus flavescens which are superior antagonists of F. graminearum for suppression and control of FHB in cereals, particularly in wheat and barley, are described. The strains are prothioconazole tolerant variants of previously described C. flavescens OH 182.9 (NRRL Y-30216). Moreover, these prothioconazole tolerant variants exhibit significantly increased efficacy against F. graminearum in comparison to the parent strain OH 182.9.

Abstract: This invention provides co-cultures of photosynthetic microorganisms and biofuel producing microorganisms. In certain embodiments, polysaccharide-producing, photosynthetic microorganisms are microalgae having frustules provide a substrate on which biofuel-producing microorganisms can grow. In other embodiments, the photosynthetic microorganisms produce a lipid and the non-photosynthetic microorganisms produce a solvent in which the lipid is soluble.

Abstract: A microorganism capable of degrading an estrogenic substance contained in wastewater and the like; a method for the simple and effective degradation of an estrogenic substance contained in domestic wastewater, wastewater discharged from a livestock farm, or the like by using the microorganism; and an apparatus for achieving the degradation are provided. An estrogenic substance-degrading microorganism which belongs to the genus Pseudaminobacter, Gordonia, Nocardia, Zoogloea, Pandoraea, Cryptococcus or Trichosporon and has an ability to degrade an estrogenic substance; a method for the degration of an estrogenic substance by using the microorganism; and an apparatus for achieving the degradation are provided.

Abstract: This document discloses electroporation vessels, electrocompetent cells that have been aliquoted and frozen in electroporation vessels, and a number of other apparatuses, kits, and methods for electroporation. Some embodiments of electroporation vessels described herein may include a pair of opposing walls that are downwardly angled toward one another in a gap between two electrode surfaces. Further embodiments of devices and methods described herein may eliminate the need for an end user to transfer competent cells from a capped tube to electroporation cuvette, thereby saving time and producing less waste.

Abstract: Described are microorganism which are able to reduce the generation of feces odor by decreasing the amount of at least one of the compounds methyl mercaptan, a sulphide compound, cadavarine, putrescine, indole or skatole, and wherein said decrease in the amount of said compounds is independent of the growth of the microorganism. Also described are compositions, comprising such microorganisms, e.g. food, feed or pharmaceutical compositions and the use of such microorganisms for suppressing feces odor or the preparation of foodstuff or feedstuff, as well as corresponding methods for the production of food or feed composition and additives for food, feed or drinks.

Abstract: A stable, pellet-frozen lactic acid bacteria (LAB) culture comprises at least one additive compound in a commercial relevant package. The pellet-frozen culture has at least 50 g frozen material and a content of viable bacteria of at least 109 colony forming units per gram of frozen material. The individual pellets of the frozen culture do not stick together and remain as individual pellets, when stored at about ?46° C., for at least 7 to 14 days.

Abstract: Liquid microbial starter culture that retains its initial metabolic activity during storage for extended periods of time. Such liquid starter cultures are useful in the manufacturing of food and feed products. Starter cultures of the invention include culture of lactic acid bacteria, e.g. Lactococcus species.

Abstract: Acyl-CoA binding protein [“ACBP”] binds thiol esters of long fatty acids and coenzyme A in a one-to-one binding mode with high specificity and affinity. This protein is expected to play an important role in altering lipid production in oleaginous microbial organisms. Knock-out of the protein in the oleaginous yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica, results in a decrease in the total lipid content, while overexpression results in an increase in the total lipid content of the recombinant Yarrowia cells.

Abstract: A microorganism capable of degrading an estrogenic substance contained in wastewater and the like; a method for the simple and effective degradation of an estrogenic substance contained in domestic wastewater, wastewater discharged from a livestock farm, or the like by using the microorganism; and an apparatus for achieving the degradation are provided. An estrogenic substance-degrading microorganism which belongs to the genus Pseudaminobacter, Gordonia, Nocardia, Zoogloea, Pandoraea, Cryptococcus or Trichosporon and has an ability to degrade an estrogenic substance; a method for the degration of an estrogenic substance by using the microorganism; and an apparatus for achieving the degradation are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules which encode novel fatty acid hydroxylases. The invention also provides recombinant expression vectors including hydroxylase nucleic acid molecules, host cells into which the expression vectors have been introduced, and methods for the production of hydroxyl fatty acids such as 12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid (ricinoleic acid).

Abstract: The present invention relates to ?17 desaturases, which have the ability to convert ?-6 fatty acids into their ?-3 counterparts (i.e., conversion of arachidonic acid [20:4, ARA] to eicosapentaenoic acid [20:5, EPA]). Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant constructs comprising such fragments encoding ?17 desaturases along with a method of making long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) using these ?17 desaturases in oleaginous yeast are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the production of ASA from yeast capable of producing ASA from KLG. The present invention provides methods for the production of ASA as well as recombinant yeast capable of producing ASA from a carbon source.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the production of ASA from yeast capable of producing ASA from KLG. The present invention provides methods for the production of ASA as well as recombinant yeast capable of producing ASA from a carbon source.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel expression systems for producing desired polypeptides in certain strains of yeast. The present invention further provides methods for producing polypeptide products using such expression systems. The present invention also provides compositions relating to the same.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a yeast which is tolerant to copper and which can incorporate copper at a high concentration, and also a method of removing or recovering copper from extracellular solution. The present invention is copper-tolerant yeast and the pectinases produced by the yeast. Particularly, the present invention is copper-tolerant yeast Cryptococcus sp. N6 strain isolated from deep-sea sediments and the pectinases produced by the yeast.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel enzymes, tryparedoxins, their isolation from Crithidia fasciculata, a method for the production thereof in genetically transformed bacteria, and their use as molecular targets for the discovery of trypanocidal drugs.