Abstract: The invention provides a flavin-binding glucose dehydrogenase exhibiting reduced fluctuation of activity depending on temperature environment, and a method for measuring glucose concentration using the flavin-binding glucose dehydrogenase. The flavin-binding glucose dehydrogenase has the following properties (1) to (3): (1) activity: which exhibits glucose dehydrogenase activity in the presence of an electron acceptor; (2) substrate specificity: which exhibits an activity of 10% or less against maltose, D-galactose, D-fructose, sorbitol, lactose and sucrose when the activity against D-glucose is defined as 100%; and (3) temperature characteristics: which exhibits lower fluctuation of activity in a wide temperature range of 10 to 50° C.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions including a nanosensor that is sensitive to an analyte such that the nanosensor emits a fluorescent signal upon detecting the analyte, and a catalytic agent that catalyzes a reaction in which a target substrate is converted into one or more products, such that at least one of the one or more products is the analyte. In addition, methods of using the nanosensor-catalytic agent compositions to detect a target substrate are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of classifying pleural fluid are disclosed. The methods typically include determining the level of indicator nanoparticles, such as lipids, particularly large lipids, in the pleural fluid of a subject. The level of lipids can be determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), such as proton NMR (1H-NMR) by measuring the NMR signal corresponding to methyl protons, methylene protons, methene protons, or combinations thereof. The level of large lipids in pleural fluid can be carried out in vitro on a sample of pleural fluid obtained from the subject or in vivo using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The pleural fluid can be classified as exudate or transudate with a sensitivity, selectivity, or combination thereof of 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or higher, a selectivity of 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%. The method can be coupled with diagnosing and/or treating the subject with a disease, disorder, or condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means and method useful for measurement of a total branched-chain amino acid concentration. Specifically, the present invention provides a modified enzyme in which at least one amino acid residue is mutated so as to improve a property of a leucine dehydrogenase which is associated with the measurement of the total branched-chain amino acids, such as, for example, substrate specificities of leucine dehydrogenase for total branched-chain amino acids, activity of leucine dehydrogenase for any branched-chain amino acids, and thermal stability of leucine dehydrogenase; and a method of analyzing the total branched-chain amino acids, comprising measuring the total branched-chain amino acids contained in a test sample using the modified enzyme.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are “equipment-free” flow-through assay devices based on patterned porous media, methods of making same, and methods of using same. The porous, hydrophilic media are patterned with hydrophobic barriers for performing assays on liquids.

Abstract: Reagent materials and associated test elements are provided. In one embodiment, a test element having dual functionality includes a first coenzyme-dependent enzyme or a substrate for the first enzyme, a second coenzyme-dependent enzyme or a substrate for the second enzyme, and a coenzyme selected from the group consisting of thio-NAD, thio-NADP, and a compound according to formula (I). In one aspect, the first analyte is hydroxybutyrate and the first enzyme is a hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and the second analyte is glucose and the second enzyme is a glucose dehydrogenase or a glucose oxidase. Other aspects of the subject application are directed to unique reagent materials. Further embodiments, forms, objects, features, advantages, aspects, and benefits shall become apparent from the description and drawings.

Abstract: A reagent composition containing GDH-PQQ as an enzyme-co-factor and screen-printed on working and counter electrodes of electrochemical biosensors, maintains activity of the enzyme reagents by proper selection of components. A preferred composition includes hydrophilic polymers, amorphous untreated silica, buffers, surfactants, and a mediator. For example, the biosensor is useful in the amperometric determination of glucose.

Abstract: A method for quantifying skin changes caused by six external evils and a method of screening skin condition-improving materials using the quantification method are described. More specifically, disclosed are a method of measuring cellular changes caused by external stimuli in a skin cell culture system, in which the degree of cellular changes obtained by applying suitable stimuli of six external evils to skin cells being cultured is measured by cellular biochemical methods, such that the conceptual effects of six external evils suggested in the prior art can be scientifically and quantitatively expressed, and a method of screening skin condition-improving materials using the measurement method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for diagnosing cancer, particularly bladder or prostate cancer using compounds of general formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 X, Y and z are as defined herein.

Abstract: Dry reagent compositions are disclosed for maintaining and preserving enzymatic activity. Also disclosed are test elements incorporating the same and methods of making and using the same for determining the presence or amount of an analyte in a body fluid sample. The dry reagent compositions can include components such as a dehydrogenase, a redox cofactor, an agent capable of eliciting at least one optical change in an optical property of an indicator reagent in the presence of redox equivalents, an indicator reagent, and at least one compatible solute being ectoine or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a culture support for cultivating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and/or hematopoietic progenitors (HPs), comprising a calcium biomaterial, osteoclasts, endothelial cells and mesenchymatous stem cells (MSCs) and/or osteoblasts and/or adipocytes. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing such a culture support, and an in vitro HSC and/or HP cultivation method. The use of such a culture support for studying cellular mechanisms involved in hematopoiesis and/or differentiation of HSC/HPs and/or for studying the efficacy and/or the toxicity of a medicament candidate is also described.

Abstract: Aspects of embodiments may include methods for automated enzymatic detection of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity. Aspects of embodiments may include methods for enzymatic detection of G6PD activity in droplets in oil. Aspects of embodiments may include a system including a droplet actuator. Aspects of embodiments may include a treatment method.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating and evaluating subjects having a neoactive mutation at residue 97 of IDH1 or 137 of IDH2.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for determining an analyte as well as a diagnostic element suitable therefore. In one particular form, a method for determining an analyte includes contacting a sample containing the analyte with a diagnostic element comprising a dry reagent layer. The dry reagent layer contains a mutated dehydrogenase which is specific for the analyte and an artificial coenzyme. The method also includes determining at least one of analyte presence and an amount of the analyte.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of detecting uracil. The method comprises reacting uracil with a compound represented by the formula (I) in the presence of an oxidant and a base to produce a fluorescent compound represented by the formula (II).

Abstract: This invention relates to a testing system arrangement for assessing the level of a biochemical marker, comprising a disposable device (2) with a sample inlet (4) and a at least one visible detection compartment (5A, 5B), for detection of said bio-chemical marker, a mobile unit (8) including a digital camera arranged to capture a digital picture (60) of said at least one visible detection compartment (5A, 5B), software run on a processor for analysing said picture (60) to assess said level and means arranged to present the result (70) of said assessment in a display (8A) of or connected to, said mobile unit (8), wherein said disposable device (2) is arranged with at least one reference surface (12) having a predetermined colour setting that is known to said software to enable exact assessment of the colour within said detection compartment (5A, 5B) by the use of said reference surface (12) within said digital picture as a basis reference.

Abstract: The present invention concerns bioactive renal cell populations, in particular a B2 cell population comprising an enriched population of tubular cells and wherein the renal cell population is depleted of a B1 cell population, renal cell constructs, and methods of screening test agents using the bioactive renal cell populations.

Abstract: The invention relates to biomarkers measurable in a human subject that have prognostic value with respect to efficacy of therapeutic treatments for Hepatitis C viral infection. The markers also are believed to have value for diagnosis liver health/liver damage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cell-based in vitro screening assay for identifying and selecting therapeutic agents that inhibit amyloid ?-induced cytotoxicity.

Abstract: Compositions comprising Glutathione Reductase (GSSG-r) and Oxidized Glutathione (GSSG) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for pharmaceutical use as antiviral and antibacterial agents and for the protection against the toxicity of free radicals and in particular radicals produced by the radiolysis of cellular water are provided. Methods of making and using such compositions are also provided.

Abstract: To identify a cytochrome P450 involved in the detoxification and metabolism of a specific growth inhibitor. Provided is a gene encoding a cytochrome P450 classified into Indica rice-derived CYP72A31, comprising a polynucleotide encoding a protein comprising an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.

Abstract: A sterilization indicator system and method of using the system to determine efficacy of a sterilization process. The system includes a vial having a first compartment containing spores of one or more species of microorganism; a second compartment containing a growth medium with a disaccharide, an oligosaccharide or a polysaccharide in which the vial is free of monosaccharide; an enzyme, capable of acting upon the monosaccharide to yield reaction products and electron transfer, disposed on two or more electrodes adapted to carry an electrical signal resulting from the electron transfer, the pair of electrodes positioned to contact the combined contents of the first compartment and the second compartment during incubation; and an apparatus linked or linkable to the electrodes and adapted to detect and measure the electrical signal resulting from electron transfer when the enzyme acts upon the monosaccharide.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to compositions for use in assays, the compositions comprising at least one latent fluorophore including at least one enzyme-reactive quenching group and a conjugative group; and a support connectable to the latent fluorophore by the conjugative group. The disclosure further relates to methods of measuring the presence and/or concentration of an analyte, as well as methods of measuring the relative activity of at least two enzymes.

Abstract: Test elements are disclosed for detecting at least one analyte in a body fluid. The test element include at least one strip-shaped carrier element and at least one test field having at least one test chemistry for detecting the analyte. The test element has a symmetrical shape such that the test element may be inserted in one of at least two different correct measurement orientations into a test element receptacle of a testing device, which includes a detection device. In the different orientations, at least one analyte-induced change in the test chemistry of the test field is detectable. Test systems including the test elements and methods of detecting at least one analyte in the body fluid using the test elements also are disclosed.

Abstract: An analytical apparatus is disclosed for detecting at least one analyte in a sample, where in an analyte measurement at least an electrical or optical property changeable by presence of the analyte at least one test chemical of a test element is recorded, and where the analytical apparatus also can perform at least one quality measurement on the at least one test chemical such as an intrinsic luminescence, which is recorded and from the intrinsic luminescence a conclusion is drawn on a quality of the test chemical and thus the test element. Methods also are disclosed for detecting at least one analyte in a sample that include a quality measurement of the at least one test chemical of the test strip.

Abstract: Use of photochemically cleavable compounds in course of one or multi-photon irradiation experiments.

Abstract: The present invention provides for stable nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD/NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP/NADPH) derivatives of formula (I), enzyme complexes of these derivatives and their use in biochemical detection methods and reagent kits.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an Extra Cellular Matrix composition specific for cancer type and a tumor microenvironment platform for long term culturing of tumor tissue, wherein said culturing provides human ligands and tumor tissue micro-environment to mimic physiologically relevant signalling systems. The present disclosure further relates to the development of a Clinical Response Predictor and its application in the prognostic field (selection of treatment option for the patient) and translational biology field (development of anticancer drugs). The disclosure further relates to a method of predicting clinical response of a tumor patient to drug(s). The disclosure further relates to a method for screening tumor cells for the presence of specific markers for determining the viability of said cells for indication of tumor status.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a genetic modification of moderately thermophilic Bacillus species that are facultative anaerobic and homolactic. The method includes introducing DNA cloned in a thermosensitive plasmid system containing a pSH71 replicon or a homologue thereof into cells of a moderately thermophilic Bacillus species that is facultative anaerobic and homolactic; culturing the cells on a selective medium at a permissive temperature to select transformed cells; culturing the transformed cells on a selective medium at a non-permissive temperature to select transformed cells capable of growing on the selective medium at the non-permissive temperature. The method can modify the Bacilli for R-lactic acid production, production of other organic acids than lactic acid, alcohol, enzymes, amino acids, and vitamins. The Bacillus species may be modified by replacing the S-lactate dehydrogenase gene by a DNA construct including a DNA sequence encoding R-lactate dehydrogenase.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the measuring toxicity, antioxidant capacity, and oxidative stress are provided.

Abstract: L-serine, L-serine precursors, L-serine derivatives and L-serine conjugates for treatment, amelioration and/or prevention of protein aggregation/tangles/plaques and diseases associated with protein aggregation/tangles/plaques. In particular, treatments and uses for L-serine, L-serine precursors, L-serine derivatives and L-serine conjugates include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington disease (HD).

Abstract: The present invention provides for stable nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD/NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP/NADPH) derivatives of formula (I), enzyme complexes of these derivatives and their use in biochemical detection methods and reagent kits.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for early evaluation of clinical efficacy of antitumor intervention measure, comprising evaluating the efficacy of the antitumor intervention measure by assaying whether the content of a tumor-damaging biomarker(s) in the blood of a patient having tumor rises as compared to the baseline level before treatment within a time window after the patients receives at least one antitumor intervention measure. In preferable embodiments, the tumor-damaging biomarker(s) is selected from a group consisting of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH); said tumor is multiple myeloma; said antitumor intervention measure is the administration of CPT alone or the administration of CPT in combination with thalidomide.

Abstract: Methods of treating and evaluating subjects having neoactive mutants are described herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the preselection of a subject for therapeutic treatment with an agent based on modulated levels of hypoxia in cancerous cells in the subject. In one embodiment, the invention provides methods for the preselection of a subject for therapeutic treatment with an agent based on modulated levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a cell, e.g., a cancerous cell. The invention also provides methods for treating cancer in a subject by administering an effective amount of an agent to the subject, wherein the subject has been selected based on a modulated level of hypoxia. The invention further provides kits to practice the methods of the invention.

Abstract: Described are compounds capable of modulating (a) the biological activity of ADP-dependent glucokinase (ADPGK) and/or glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2) or (b) the expression of the gene encoding ADPGK or GPD2 for use in treating a disease (a) associated with aberrant cell proliferation, e.g., a neoplasm, or (b) of the immune system, e.g., an autoimmune disease.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions, methods, and kits useful for detecting whether a subject has or is likely to develop a cancer and for monitoring, staging and examining a cancer patient. Also provide herein are methods for screening compounds.

Abstract: Methods of treating lung diseases comprising administering inducers of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) are disclosed. Inducers of NQO1 include naphthoquinones such as ?-lapachone. Methods of predicting whether a subject with a lung disease will respond to treatment with a naphthoquinone are also described herein.

Abstract: Personalized medicine involves the use of a patient's molecular markers to guide treatment regimens for the patient. The scientific literature provides multiple examples of correlations between drug treatment efficacy and the presence or absence of molecular markers in a patient sample. Methods are provided herein that permit efficient dissemination of scientific findings regarding treatment efficacy and molecular markers found in patient tumors to health care providers.

Abstract: Provided herein are proteins derived from Pseudomonas sp., particularly Pseudomonas protegens, compositions comprising said proteins and their use in controlling molluscidal activity.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the diagnosis and prevention of B. abortus infection are provided.

Abstract: Compounds that modulate mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are provided. The compounds may modulate ROS production at defined sites without also altering energy production. Methods of using and identifying such compounds are also provided.

Abstract: Reagent materials and associated test elements are provided. In one embodiment, a test element having dual functionality includes a first coenzyme-dependent enzyme or a substrate for the first enzyme, a second coenzyme-dependent enzyme or a substrate for the second enzyme, and a coenzyme selected from the group consisting of thio-NAD, thio-NADP, and a compound according to formula (I). In one aspect, the first analyte is hydroxybutyrate and the first enzyme is a hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and the second analyte is glucose and the second enzyme is a glucose dehydrogenase or a glucose oxidase. Other aspects of the subject application are directed to unique reagent materials. Further embodiments, forms, objects, features, advantages, aspects, and benefits shall become apparent from the description and drawings.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the preselection of a subject for therapeutic treatment with elesclomol based on modulated levels of hypoxia in the subject. In one embodiment, the invention provides methods for the preselection of a subject for therapeutic treatment with elesclomol based on modulated levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The invention also provides methods for treating cancer in a subject by administering an effective amount of elesclomol to the subject, wherein the subject has a modulated level of hypoxia. The invention further provides kits to practice the methods of the invention.

Abstract: A polymer matrix that may coated on an electrode is created by co-crosslinking (1) an adduct of a polyaniline formed by templated oxidative polymerization on a polymer acid; (2) a water-soluble crosslinker; and (3) a redox enzyme. The polymer matrix may be hydrated, and the absorbed water may make it permeable to, for example, glucose. The polyaniline may be polyaniline itself or a substituted polyaniline; the water-soluble crosslinker may be poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether, and the redox enzyme may be glucose oxidase. The polymer matrix may be produced by co-crosslinking (1) an adduct of an electrically conductive polymer and a polymer acid; (2) a water-soluble crosslinker; and (3) a redox enzyme in a single step at an about neutral pH, curing by drying. After hydration, the crosslinked polymer matrix may form a 3-dimensional glucose-permeable bioelectrocatalyst, catalyzing the electrooxidation of glucose.

Abstract: Solubilizing compositions are provided. The compositions comprise at least one zwitterionic surfactant and at least one nonionic surfactant. In one embodiment, the compositions may be useful for solubilizing and remodeling and/or removing tissue on or beneath a patient's skin, optionally in conjunction with the application of energy to a region of interest on the skin. In one embodiment at least one analyte may be collected and analyzed from the solubilized tissue.

Abstract: An embodiment relates to a method and to an array for detecting live circulating or disseminated cells in body fluids (for example blood, urine) or tissue samples (for example bone marrow) mixed with liquid. The method includes: a) filtering the liquid sample through a porous membrane that is suitable for retaining cells to be detected, such that cells to be detected come to rest upon at least a part of the surface of the membrane and the sample liquid passes the membrane; b) applying a first process liquid containing a first agent for marking the cells to be detected with a first marker; c) incubating the process liquid on the membrane for a predetermined time period, wherein the cells to be detected are marked; and d) detecting the marked cells to be detected on the surface of the membrane.

Abstract: Described herein is a rapid, semi-quantitative sampling device which may rapidly detect histamine in food, beverage and feed samples. The device uses an enzyme (impregnated in a sampling pad) to specifically convert histamine present in samples to a visual colorimetric signal. The color change of the pad is proportional to the amount of histamine present in the sample.

Abstract: Use of a metabolic network model for analyzing metabolic characteristics of microorganisms for producing a metabolic product, such as 3HP enabling estimation of productivity and cell growth speed of microorganisms, optimizing new metabolic pathway, and providing transformed microorganisms that may produce a specific metabolic product with high efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods for assaying redox state of metabolically active cells and methods for assaying enzyme activity and/or metabolite level by coupling to redox defining co-factor NAD(P)/NAD(P)H measurement.