Carbohydrate Material Recovered Or Purified Patents (Class 435/274)
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Patent number: 6342367Abstract: Disclosed is an economical method for the preparation of chondroitin sulfates A and C useful as an effective ingredient of medicaments from fish scales as a waste material discharged from fishery in large quantities. Fish scales are enzymatically decomposed in an aqueous medium in the presence of a protease to isolate the chondroitin sulfate compounds and by-product polypeptides followed by removal of the by-product polypeptides from the aqueous solution by a cation-exchange treatment and then the aqueous solution of the chondroitin sulfate compounds is subjected to fractional precipitation by the addition of ethyl alcohol as the precipitant.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2000Date of Patent: January 29, 2002Assignee: Japan as represented by Secretary of Agency of Industrial Science and TechnologyInventors: Toshihisa Sumi, Hideki Ohba, Toru Ikegami, Masao Shibata, Tsuyoshi Sakaki, Imre Sallay, Sung Soo Park
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Patent number: 6323008Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing sialyloligosaccharides in situ in dairy sources and cheese processing waste streams, prior to, during, or after processing of the dairy source during the cheese manufacturing process. The methods of the present invention use the catalytic activity of &agr;(2-3) trans-sialidases to exploit the high concentrations of lactose and &agr;(2-3) sialosides which naturally occur in dairy sources and cheese processing waste streams to drive the enzymatic synthesis of &agr;(2-3) sialyllactose. &agr;(2-3) sialyloligosaccharides produced according to these methods are additionally encompassed by the present invention. The invention also provides for recovery of the sialyloligosaccharides produced by these methods. The invention further provides a method for producing &agr;(2-3) sialyllactose. The invention additionally provides a method of enriching for &agr;(2-3) sialyllactose in milk using transgenic mammals that express an &agr;(2-3) trans-sialidase transgene.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 1997Date of Patent: November 27, 2001Assignee: Neose Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Marc Pelletier, William A. Barker, David J. Hakes, David A. Zopf
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Patent number: 6323007Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having polypeptide having 2,6-&bgr;-D-fructan hydrolase activity and isolated nucleic acid sequences encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the nucleic acid sequences as well as methods for producing and using the polypeptides.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 1999Date of Patent: November 27, 2001Assignee: Novozymes A/SInventors: Soren Moller, Charlotte Johansen, Thomas Schafer, Peter Rahbek Ostergaard, Lisbeth Hedegaard Hoeck
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Patent number: 6297037Abstract: Novel alpha-amylase mutants derived from the DNA sequences of naturally occurring or recombinant alpha-amylases are disclosed. The mutant alpha-amylases, in general, are obtained by in vitro modifications of a precursor DNA sequence encoding the naturally occurring or recombinant alpha-amylase to generate the substitution (replacement) or deletion of one or more oxidizable amino acid residues in the amino acid sequence of a precursor alpha-amylase. Such mutant alpha-amylases have altered oxidative stability and/or altered pH performance profiles and/or altered thermal stability as compared to the precursor. Also disclosed are detergent and starch liquefaction compositions comprising the mutant amylases, as well as methods of using the mutant amylases.Type: GrantFiled: February 10, 1994Date of Patent: October 2, 2001Inventors: Christopher C. Barnett, Colin Mitchinson, Scott D. Power, Carol A. Requadt
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Patent number: 6284524Abstract: The present invention relates to microbial pectate lyases, more specifically to microbial enzymes exhibiting pectate lyase activity as their major enzymatic activity in the neutral and alkaline pH ranges, to a method of producing such an enzyme, and to methods for using such enzymes in the textile, detergent and cellulose fiber processing industries.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 2000Date of Patent: September 4, 2001Assignee: Novozymes A/SInventors: Lene Nonboe Andersen, Martin Schülein, Niels Erik Krebs Lange
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Patent number: 6232101Abstract: A method for causing gelling or increase of viscosity of an aqueous medium containing a gellable polymeric material having substituents with phenolic hydroxy groups comprises adding an oxidase, particularly a laccase, to the aqueous medium.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1996Date of Patent: May 15, 2001Assignee: Novozymes A/S PatentsInventors: Gitte Budolfsen, Hans Peter Heldt-Hansen
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Patent number: 6200797Abstract: The invention relates to specific bacterium and proteins with xylanase activity derived from the bacteria, in particular to xylanases which are free of any significant cellulase activity and which are active at high temperature and at neutral to alkaline pH. Xylanases having these characteristics are particularly useful in the bleaching of wood pulps, such as kraft pulps. The preferred bacterium designated B230 was isolated from white-rotted kerri wood in Western Australia; a sample of which has been deposited under the provision of the Budapest Treaty in the Australian Government Analytical Laboratories under the accession number N94/41262. This preferred bacterium is a gram positive, obligatively aerobic, rod-shaped with a centrally-located spore and has the taxomonic characteristics of Bacillus subtilis (by VITEK method).Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1997Date of Patent: March 13, 2001Assignee: Biotech International LimitedInventors: Robert William Dunlop, Bin Wang, Diane Ball, Alexander Buhisan Roullo, Cedric John Falk
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Patent number: 6184011Abstract: A method of releasing particulates from a solid matrix is provided. The method is effected adding to the solid matrix a degrading enzyme capable of degrading the solid matrix, to thereby release the particulates from the solid matrix.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1999Date of Patent: February 6, 2001Assignees: CBD Technologies, LTD, Yissum R&D Company of the Hebrew UniversityInventors: Daniel L. Siegel, Oded Shoseyov
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Patent number: 6165769Abstract: Pectin degrading enzymes derived from or endogeneous to Bacillus licheniformis or other Bacillus species which are at least 99% homologous to Bacillus licheniformis based on aligned 16S rDNA sequences have optimum activity at pH higher than 8. The pectin degrading enzymes belongs to the enzyme classes pectate lyases (EC 4.2.2.2), pectin lyases (EC 4.2.2.10) and polygalacturonases (EC 3.2.1.15) and are useful in industrial processes under alkaline conditions such as in textile processing and as an active ingredient eg in laundry detergents and hard surface cleaning products.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1998Date of Patent: December 26, 2000Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/SInventors: Lene Nonboe Andersen, Martin Schulein, Niels Erik Krebs Lange, Mads Eskelund Bj.o slashed.rnvad, Kirk Schnorr
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Patent number: 6156543Abstract: Process for preparing surfactant, which comprises contacting cane trash, maize by-products, sorghum by-products, barley by-products, rice by-products, fruits, chicory pulp, tubers or cynara for at least 5 seconds with a hydrolysing agent selected from an aqueous acid solution at between 20 and 150.degree. C. and an enzymatic hydrolysing composition of a plant material at between 20 and 90.degree. C. to obtain a sugar syrup, freeing the sugar syrup from any solid residues and contacting the residue-free sugar syrup with a C.sub.4-22 -alcohol at a temperature of between 20 and 150.degree. C., preferably between 30 and 110.degree. C., until a solution of surfactant glycosides is obtained, and separating the surfactant glycosides from this solution.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 1998Date of Patent: December 5, 2000Assignee: Agro Industrie Recherches et Developpements (A.R.D.)Inventors: Jean-Noel Bertho, Philippe Mathaly, Veronique Dubois, Regis de Baynast de Septfontaines
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Patent number: 6147206Abstract: This invention pertains to a high yield process for producing high quality corn fiber gum by hydrogen peroxide treatment of corn fiber during alkaline extraction and/or after obtaining the alkaline extract of milled corn fiber. This process comprises the steps:a) mixing corn fiber with an alkaline solution to form a slurry and extract hemicellulose;b) treating the slurry with hydrogen peroxide at a pH of about 10.0 to 12.5; andc) separating out the insoluble fractions from the corn fiber slurry to yield corn fiber gum.The corn fiber gum produced by this process is highly soluble in water and provides low viscosity solutions which are nearly devoid of color over a wide pH range. The corn fiber gum lacks objectionable flavor and aroma. The corn fiber gum is useful for a variety of applications, including film formation and to thicken, emulsify, stabilize and/or extend aqueous solutions and suspensions.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1998Date of Patent: November 14, 2000Assignee: National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding CorporationInventors: Landis W. Doner, Gregory A. Sweeney, Kevin B. Hicks
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Patent number: 6124124Abstract: Composition comprising oxidizable galactose type of alcohol configuration containing polymer (such as guar) which is in solid state and galactose oxidase. Application of such oxidized polymers in the papermaking process results in superior paper strength characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: December 31, 1997Date of Patent: September 26, 2000Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: Richard Lee Brady, Raymond Thomas Leibfried, Sr., Tuyen Thanh Nguyen
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Patent number: 6113908Abstract: Methods of treating dehulled or hull-less oat, i.e. oat groats, to produce oat pearlings, oat flour and oat bran products are described. Oat groats are abrasion milled to remove up to 15% by weight and produce pearled oat groats and pearlings. The pearlings are extracted sequentially with aqueous ethanol and hexane to produce an anti-irritant and a light oat oil, or with hexane to produce a dark oat oil and lipase. The pearled oat groats are steeped in an aqueous medium for up to 4 hours and then macerated to produce an enriched oat bran, from which an enriched beta glucan may be extracted; a refined oat flour, from which oat starch and oat protein may be extracted; and a pearled oat groat extract from which further products, such as an oat anti-irritant can be recovered.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1999Date of Patent: September 5, 2000Assignee: Her Majesty the Queen in right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of AgricultureInventors: David Paton, Martin J. T. Reaney, Nancy J. Tyler
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Patent number: 6037161Abstract: The present invention provides an enzyme with acetyl esterase activity comprising the amino acid sequence IxFGDxYYT(SEQ ID NO: 1), in which x designates any amino acid residue. The enzyme exhibits activity towards acetylated xylan and acetylated mannan and may be used for modifying or degrading plant containing materials.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1998Date of Patent: March 14, 2000Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/SInventors: Stephan Christgau, Thomas Sandal, Markus Sakari Kauppinen, Torben Halkier, Henrik Dalb.o slashed.ge
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Patent number: 6033900Abstract: Animal feed compositions and methods for treating one or more of soy, pea or rape-seed, or other material derived from Fabales or Cruciferaceae, with an enzyme having rhamnogalacturonase activity, wherein the enzyme having rhamnogalacturonase activity cleaves a rhamnogalacturonan backbone to produce rhamnose as a non-reducing end (RGase II) or cleaves a rhamnogalaturonan backbone to produce galacturonic acid as a non-reducing end.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1998Date of Patent: March 7, 2000Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/SInventors: Lene Venke Kofod, Lene Nonboe Andersen, Henrik Dalb.o slashed.ge, Markus Sakari Kauppinen, Stephan Christgau, Hans Peter Heldt-Hansen, Claus Christophersen, Per Munk Nielsen, Alphons Gerard Joseph Voragen, Hendrik Arie Schols
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Patent number: 6022717Abstract: Process for the oxidation of the oxidizable galactose type of alcohol in oxidizable galactose type of alcohol configuration containing polymer, such as guar, with galactose oxidase in the presence of oxidation promoting chemicals.Type: GrantFiled: December 31, 1997Date of Patent: February 8, 2000Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: Richard Lee Brady, Raymond Thomas Leibfried, Sr.
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Patent number: 6008026Abstract: Novel .alpha.-amylase enzymes are disclosed in which one or more disulfide bonds are introduced into the enzyme via addition or substitution of a residue with a cysteine. The disclosed .alpha.-amylase enzymes show altered or improved stability and/or activity profiles.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 1997Date of Patent: December 28, 1999Assignee: Genencor International, Inc.Inventor: Anthony G. Day
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Patent number: 5929231Abstract: The subject of the invention is a method for preparing fine-granuled starch from kernels of oats or rice. In the method, the kernels are ground and the starch is separated from the starch containing fraction obtained by the milling. An essential feature of the invention is that a suspension of the said fraction or of starch separated from it is treated with a surface-active agent or a lipolytic enzyme for disintegrating compound granules or aggregates of starch granules. Except the particle size, also functional properties of starch are affected. Disintegration of compound granules is enhanced by alkaline conditions and by mixing of the suspension. The fine-granuled starch obtained can be applied in foods and, for instance, for biodegradable plastics and for surface treatment agents. The invention can be included as a part of an integrated fractionation process, in which, in addition to starch, an oil fraction, an enriched fibre fraction, and a surplus fraction suitable for feed, are obtained.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 1997Date of Patent: July 27, 1999Assignee: Exavena OyInventors: Yrjo Malkki, Olavi Myllymaki, Risto Tuomela
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Patent number: 5922579Abstract: Enzyme compositions containing thermostabile xylanases of Chaetomium thermophilum, purified enzyme preparations of such xylanases, and the use of such compositions and preparations in the bleaching of plant pulp and in feed and baking applications are described.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1996Date of Patent: July 13, 1999Assignee: Rohm Enzyme Finland OYInventors: Richard B. Fagerstrom, Marja Paloheimo, Raija Lantto, Tarja Lahtinen, Pirkko Suominen
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Patent number: 5874274Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reducing the viscosity of a plant material, which process comprises treating the plant material with a xylanase having i) a WSPS per mg protein added which is higher than 0,06, and/or ii) a WSPU per mg protein added which is higher than 15, and/or iii) a specific activity of more than 0,053 FVRU/mg protein. Further, the invention relates to use of a xylanase preparation for separating a plant material, such as wheat, into separate useful components as well as processes for such viscosity reduction or separation.Type: GrantFiled: September 23, 1996Date of Patent: February 23, 1999Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/SInventors: Tina Sejersg.ang.ard Jakobsen, Hans Peter Heldt-Hansen, Lene Venke Kofod, Christian Lorentz Bagger, Anette Mullertz
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Patent number: 5871966Abstract: A partial amino acid sequence of an endo-.beta.-1,4-glucanase obtainable by means of Aspergillus aculeatus is described, and also corresponding recombinant DNA sequences, vectors and transformed hosts. Use of the endo-.beta.- 1,4-glucanase or a pectinase preparation enriched with the endo-.beta.-1,4-glucanase for degradation or modification of plant cell walls is described.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1996Date of Patent: February 16, 1999Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/SInventors: Lene Venke Kofod, Lene Nonboe Andersen, Markus Sakari Kauppinen, Stephan Christgau, Henrik Dalb.o slashed.ge, Hans Sejr Olsen, Jens Breinholt
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Patent number: 5869273Abstract: The subject invention provides methods and kits for detecting increased bone resorption in patients. These methods and kits use chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan, as a marker for bone resorption. Levels of chondroitin sulfate are detected in samples of urine or serum taken from patients. Measurements of chondroitin sulfate levels are made by methods such as fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE). Knowledge of increased bone resorption rates is useful in diagnosis of bone disorders such as osteoporosis.Type: GrantFiled: September 13, 1996Date of Patent: February 9, 1999Assignee: Glyko, Inc.Inventor: John C. Klock
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Patent number: 5834287Abstract: Disclosed are a DNA encoding an enzyme which releases trehalose from non-reducing saccharides having a trehalose structure as an end unit and having a degree of glucose polymerization of 3 or higher, recombinant DNA and enzyme, transformant, and their preparations and uses. These facilitate the industrial-scale production of trehalose with a relative easiness and low cost, and trehalose thus obtained can be satisfactorily used in a variety of food products, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1996Date of Patent: November 10, 1998Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Hayashibara Seibutsu Kagaku KenkyujoInventors: Michio Kubota, Keiji Tsusaki, Kazuko Hattori, Toshiyuki Sugimoto
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Patent number: 5830734Abstract: An isolated and purified acetyl esterase with activity towards acetylated xylan and acetylated mannan obtained from Aspergillus aculeatus and having amino acid sequence that comprises Seq ID No 1. An enzyme can be used for the modification of plant cell wall components.Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 1996Date of Patent: November 3, 1998Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/SInventors: Stephen Christgau, Thomas Sandal, Markus Sakari Kauppinen, Torben Halkier, Henrik Dalb.o slashed.ge
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Patent number: 5814487Abstract: A process for isolating nucleic acids from agarose, and particularly regular agarose, is described wherein the agarose is augmented with a chaotropic substance and hydrolyzed by a novel purified agarase enzyme from Flavobacterium sp. strain NR19.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1997Date of Patent: September 29, 1998Assignee: Promega CorporationInventors: Mark W. Knuth, Susanne Selman
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Patent number: 5811291Abstract: An enzyme exhibiting rhamnogalacturonase activity, capable of cleaving a rhamnogalacturonan backbone in such a manner that galacturonic acids are left as the non-reducing ends, and which exhibits activity on hairy regions from a soy bean material and/or on saponified hairy regions from a sugar beet material. The enzyme has the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 and is encoded by the DNA sequence of SEQ ID NO:1.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 1995Date of Patent: September 22, 1998Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/SInventors: Lene Venke Kofod, Lene Nonboe Andersen, Henrik Dalb.o slashed.ge, Markus Sakari Kauppinen, Stephan Christgau, Hans Peter Heldt-Hansen, Claus Christophersen, Per Munk Nielsen, Alphons Gerar Joseph Voragen, Hendrik Arie Schols
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Patent number: 5763260Abstract: Methods and DNA constructs are provided for the expression of a fungal acetyl xylan esterase gene in microbial hosts. A purified fungal acetyl xylan esterase is obtained which is suited for the use as an accessory enzyme in the degradation of acetylated xylans.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1995Date of Patent: June 9, 1998Assignee: Gist-brocades, B.V.Inventors: Leendert H. De Graaff, Jacob Visser, Henriette C. Van Den Broeck, Francois Strozyk, Felix J. M. Kormelink, Johannes C. P. Boonman
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Patent number: 5759845Abstract: A gene, encoding an endocellulase from a newly isolated mesophilic Clostridium strain IY-2 which can digest bamboo fibers, cellulose, rice straw, and sawdust, was isolated by shotgun cloning in an E. coli expression plasmid pLC2833. E. coli positive clones were selected based on their ability to hydrolyze milled bamboo fibers and cellulose present in agar plates. One clone contained a 2.8 kb DNA fragment that was responsible for cellulase activity. Western blot analyses indicated that the positive clone produced a secreted cellulase with a mass of about 58,000 daltons that was identical in size to the subunit of one of the three major Clostridium cellulases. The products of cellulose digestion by this cloned cellulase were cellotetraose and soluble higher polymers. The cloned DNA contained signal sequences capable of directing the secretion of heterologous proteins from an E. coli host.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1996Date of Patent: June 2, 1998Inventor: Ida Kuo Yu
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Patent number: 5733749Abstract: A biologically pure enzyme comprising D-.alpha.-glycerophosphatase from Bacillus licheniformis is disclosed. A genetic construction in a heterologous host capable of producing D-.alpha.-glycerophosphate is also disclosed, wherein the construction includes a protein coding sequence for D-.alpha.-glycerophosphatase from Bacillus licheniformis.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 1995Date of Patent: March 31, 1998Assignee: Wisconsin Alumni Research FoundationInventors: Douglas C. Cameron, Frank A. Skraly
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Patent number: 5573795Abstract: In the method for treatment of potato fruit water the potato fruit water is subjected to a heat treatment to at least 125.degree. C. for at least 3 minutes, whereafter the heat treated potato fruit water is cooled to a temperature, at which enzymes are relatively stable, then enzymatically treated with a proteinase, and finally concentrated to microbial stability. Hereby a method for treatment of potato fruit water, which will enable a commercially sound utilization of potato fruit water, is provided.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 1994Date of Patent: November 12, 1996Assignee: Novo Nordisk A/SInventor: Hans S. Olsen
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Patent number: 5518921Abstract: Fungi which grow white/colorless and reduce pitch are used to protect structural wood before or after cutting from logs against color staining by staining fungi. The fungus Phanerochaete gigantea is also useful to facilitate debarking.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 1995Date of Patent: May 21, 1996Assignee: Clariant Finance (BVI) LimitedInventors: Robert A. Blanchette, Roberta L. Farrell, Chad J. Behrendt
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Patent number: 5441644Abstract: A method for isolating and purifying trehalose from trehalose-containing solutions is described. Using ultrafiltration and selective concentration, highly pure crystals of trehalose dihydrate are obtained from aqueous solution.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1994Date of Patent: August 15, 1995Assignee: Ajinomoto Co., Inc.Inventor: Naoyuki Kinouchi
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Patent number: 5407827Abstract: Bleaching pulp with an enzyme system, containing thermostatic xylanose activity, obtained from a strain of Thermomonospora fusca and more specifically from a new strain with the designation KW3 and deposition number DSM 6013.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1991Date of Patent: April 18, 1995Assignee: Sandoz Ltd.Inventors: Jutta Casimir-Schenkel, Susan Davis, Armin Fiechter, Beat Gysin, Elizabeth Murray, Jean-Jacques Perrolaz, Wolfgang Zimmermann
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Patent number: 5342931Abstract: A process for purifying DNA comprising 1) binding the DNA to a hydrated silica in the presence of water or physiological buffers in which the hydrated silica is prepared by refluxing silicon dioxide in sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide at a molar ratio of about 2:1 to 10:1 for at least about 48 hours, 2) separating and washing hydrated silica and the DNA bound thereto, and eluting the DNA from the hydrated silica in a heated physiological buffer or in heated water.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1993Date of Patent: August 30, 1994Assignee: Becton, Dickinson and CompanyInventors: Daniel L. Woodard, Adriann J. Howard, James A. Down
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Patent number: 5329000Abstract: A process for purifying DNA in which the DNA is bound to silicon tetrahydrazide in the presence of less than 2M chaotrope, low salt buffers, or water. The DNA is then eluted with low salt buffer or by heating in water.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1991Date of Patent: July 12, 1994Assignee: Becton, Dickinson and CompanyInventors: Daniel L. Woodard, Adriann J. Howard
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Patent number: 5272094Abstract: A process is disclosed for the isolation of a compound such as a drug or drug metabolite fACKNOWLEDGMENTThe work leading to this invention was sponsored by the Food and Drug Administration (Contract No. FD-V-00235 and 5V01-FD-01319), and accordingly the U.S. Government may have rights thereunder.Type: GrantFiled: March 4, 1993Date of Patent: December 21, 1993Assignee: Board of Supervisors of Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical CollegeInventors: Steven A. Barker, Austin R. Long
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Patent number: 5238826Abstract: Process for manufacture of D-xylose characterized by the fact that:in a first step, syrup of D-xylulose is subjected to an enzymatic isomerization in M.sub.3 providing a mixture of D-xylose and D-xylulose,in a second step, the abovesaid mixture is subjected to chromatographic treatment in M.sub.4 leading to at least two fractions of which one is highly enriched in D-xylose (fraction X.sub.1) et of which the other is highly enriched in D-xylulose (fraction X.sub.2),in a third step, the fraction X.sub.2 is recycled through a pipe P to M.sub.3,the D-xylose being recovered from the fraction X.sub.1, the latter can also be subjected directly to a hydrogenation step.Type: GrantFiled: June 14, 1990Date of Patent: August 24, 1993Assignee: Roquette FreresInventors: Jean-Bernard Leleu, Pierrick Duflot, Jean-Jacques Caboche
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Patent number: 5234825Abstract: The invention provides a process for reducing the galactose content of galactomannan by means of a substantially specific galactosidase enzyme preparation in which the galactomannan is incubated in the form of a hydrated preparation containing 2-70 percent by weight of galactomannan. Preferable this preparation contains 8-50 percent by weight of galactommanan. The process yields galactomannans with a reduced content of galactose of which those containing 15 to 19 percent of galactose are novel compound. These latter products are used with advantage in foodstuffs and cosmetic preparations.Type: GrantFiled: April 5, 1991Date of Patent: August 10, 1993Assignee: Unilever Patent Holdings, B.V.Inventors: Barry V. McCleary, Peter Critchley, Paul V. Bulpin
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Patent number: 5233033Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for producing crude sialic acid, comprising hydrolysis of a delipidated egg yolk and a method for producing high purity sialic acid, which comprises desalting a solution containing sialic acid obtainable by hydrolyzing a delipidated egg yolk, adsorbing sialic acid to an anion exchange resin and then eluting said sialic acid.The present invention makes it possible to produce and purify sialic acid from delipidated egg yolk on an industrial scale.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 1991Date of Patent: August 3, 1993Assignee: Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mamoru Koketsu, Hiroshi Kawanami, Lekh Raj Juneja, Masaru Fujiki, Hajime Hatta, Katsuya Nishimoto, Mujo Kim, Nagataka Yamazaki
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Patent number: 5139949Abstract: An anti-microbial composition or an anti-nematode agent including chitosan which is obtained by decomposing chitin with a strain of Enterobacter G-1, which was deposited in the Fermentation Research Institute, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Japan, or including a culture body which is obtained by cultivating the above strain of Enterobacter G-1 on a culture medium containing chitin.Type: GrantFiled: December 31, 1990Date of Patent: August 18, 1992Assignee: San-in Kensetsu Kogyo K.K.Inventors: Hideyuki Matsuda, Youzi Omura
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Patent number: 5084386Abstract: Substantially pure, pyrogen-free beta-1,3-glucan is produced by cultivating Euglena cells in a defined growth medium and under specified conditions that provide a cell mass comprising 70% to 90% beta-1,3-glucan on a dry weight basis, separating the cell mass from the super-natant, extracting the cell mass with methanol and chloroform, acid-washing the extracted cell mass, and washing the acid-treated material with water.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1989Date of Patent: January 28, 1992Assignee: SRI InternationalInventors: Daniel Tuse, Leticia Marquez, Leslie A. Hokama
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Patent number: 5077206Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing L-rhamnose by hydrolyzing a rhamnosidic bond of a glycoside having rhamnose in a terminal position, by enzymatically hydrolyzing the glucoside with an enzyme combination comprising biological structural material degrading enzyme and a naringinase preparation which has a higher rhamnosidase activity than beta-glucosidase activity. Preferably the enzyme combination having rhamnosidase activity together with additional enzyme activity is a selected partially purified enzyme preparation having high rhamnosidase activity and low glucosidase activity together with biological structural material degrading activity. More preferably the additional enzyme activity is derived from an enzyme of the group consisting of protease, lipase, pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1988Date of Patent: December 31, 1991Assignee: Unilever Patent Holdings B.V.Inventors: Peter S. J. Cheetham, Michael A. Quail
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Patent number: 5047332Abstract: A feedstock containing a biomass such as lignocellulosic materials, e.g. forest biomass; agricultural residues; or manures, is pretreated and thereafter is fractionated into cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses. New mutants are disclosed which include Chaetomium cellulolyticum IAF-101 (NRRL 18756), Aspergillus sp. IAF-201 (NRRL 18758), Penicillum sp. IAF-603 (NRRL 18759), and Trichoderma reesei QMY-1. With these new mutants and also known fungi including Pleurotus sajor-caju and other Pleurotus spp. unfractionated predetermined biomass is converted into feed. The same treatment can also be applied to hemicelluloses, and cellullose. Cellulose can also be hydrolyzed by means of a cellulase-system prepared from cellulose and Tricoderma reesei to prepare glucose which can be converted to alcohol with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces spp. and Zymomonas mobilis. The residual microbial biomass of these microorganisms from alcohol fermentation broth is also used as feed.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1986Date of Patent: September 10, 1991Assignee: Institut Armand-Frappier-Univ. of QuebecInventor: Devinder S. Chahal
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Patent number: 4996153Abstract: A novel mixed bacterial culture isolated from soil by enrichment culture techniques produces a xanthanase enzyme complex which is stable to 65.degree. C. in the presence of salt. These properties render the heat-stable, salt-tolerant zanthanase useful for in situ degradation of xanthan gum in petroleum recovery fluids and other thickened industrial brines.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1989Date of Patent: February 26, 1991Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of AgricultureInventors: Martin C. Cadmus, Morey E. Slodki
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Patent number: 4990611Abstract: Purified agarose is recovered from agar or impure agarose by dissolving the agar or agarose in a lower alkylene glycol at elevated temperature, cooling the agar- or agarose-containing glycol solution to induce precipitation of a purified agarose product, and recovering the precipitated agarose product.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 1987Date of Patent: February 5, 1991Assignee: FMC CorporationInventor: Richard B. Provonchee
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Patent number: 4978622Abstract: Substantially pigment-free gliding bacteria adjuvant (GBA) is isolated from medium in which Cytophaga strain GB-2 has been cultured by extraction with acetone to remove pigment, enzymatic digestion and filtration to remove residual protein and nucleic acids, and affinity chromatography to remove residual lipopolysaccharide. This pure form of GBA shows unexpectedly high specific immunopotentiating activity relative to crude GBA.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1989Date of Patent: December 18, 1990Assignee: Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Robert Mishell, William Usinger
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Patent number: 4916064Abstract: A process is provided for treating aqueous carbohydrate solutions with phospholipase enzyme compositions to improve the filterability and clarity of the filtrate of such solutions.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 1986Date of Patent: April 10, 1990Assignee: CPC International Inc.Inventors: Frank G. H. Derez, Jos W. G. C. de Sadeleer, Alan L. Reeve
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Patent number: 4904586Abstract: Process for treating a xanthan gum in order to improve the filterability of its aqueous solutions, comprising an enzymatic treatment of an aqueous solution of xanthan gum containing, as dissolved salts, a proportion of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals of at least 10.sup.-2 equivalent/liter, said treatment being performed by means of two enzyme extracts of different types, a so-called PG enzyme having as main activity a polygalacturonase activity and a so-called P enzyme extract whose main activity is a protease activity, in conditions compatible with the activity of said enzyme extracts. The obtained xanthan gum powder or solution can be used as enhanced oil recovery agent.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 1987Date of Patent: February 27, 1990Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Daniel Ballerini, Yves Benoit, Frederic Monot
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Patent number: 4886746Abstract: A novel mixed bacterial culture isolated from soil by enrichment culture techniques produces a xanthanase enzyme complex which is stable to 65.degree. C. in the presence of salt. These properties render the heat-stable, salt-tolerant xanthanase useful for in situ degradation of xanthan gum in petroleum recovery fluids and other thickened industrial brines.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 1988Date of Patent: December 12, 1989Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of AgricultureInventors: Martin C. Cadmus, Morey E. Slodki
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Patent number: 4753885Abstract: Foam is controlled in the sugar industry and yeast industry by a process in which oxyalkylation products of the formula IR--O--(X.sub.1).sub.n --(X.sub.2).sub.m --(X.sub.3).sub.p --Zwhere R is alkyl of 6 to 22 carbon atoms or alkylphenyl where alkyl is of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, X.sub.1 and X.sub.3 are ethylene oxide units, n and p are each from 0 to 15 and the sum of n and p is not less than 2, the groups X.sub.2 are propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide units, m is from 0 to 15 and Z is straight-chain or branched alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, allyl or benzyl, having a turbidity point of <75.degree. C., are used as antifoams.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1987Date of Patent: June 28, 1988Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wolfram Dietsche, Klaus Lorenz, Christos Vamvakaris, Albert Hettche