Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for anaerobic digestion of high-solids waste are provided. The methods may include and the apparatuses may be used for moving the solid waste in a corkscrew-like fashion through a closed container. The method may further include moving the high-solids waste into contact with a heating device to facilitate the corkscrew-like movement. Other methods and apparatuses may use at least one of a partition and a conduit from which liquid or gas is discharged.

Abstract: Improved systems, methods, apparatus and compositions for generating, extracting and distributing the renewable heat energy produced by microbial decomposition of organic biomass within a contained and controlled environment. This heat energy is preferably transferred and distributed, preferably by the use of heat pipes, to the interior of a greenhouse or other structure to be heated, either directly or via heat exchange apparatus such as hot water heating systems. In one embodiment heat transfer and distribution mechanism customized to the application requirements of a greenhouse heating batch-type process is disclosed, along with a recipe for a readily available biomass material composition that will slowly decompose while it generates a substantial quantity of usable heat energy to be consumed in the elevation of temperature in a separated greenhouse basement confinement area.

Abstract: A composting box includes a main unit and one or two detachable side panels. In a preferred embodiment, the main unit includes two spaced apart main walls attached at diagonally opposite corners with connecting and spacing members. Each of the detachable side panels is adapted to attach to a side of the main unit. After detaching the side panels, the main unit can be separated from a compost pile. The compost pile is then easily re-transferred back into the main unit, and the side panel(s) reattached. This method provides an inexpensive, labor-saving way to maintain and periodically aerate compost piles.

Abstract: This invention provides a waste-processing system capable of processing high-solids wastes such as manure. This invention provides a compact U-shaped digester that allows for recycling of activated sludge to improve the efficiency of the process. Efficiency is also improved through a sludge heating design that creates a current in the digester and efficiently heats the sludge. A composter is provided to further process the sludge through aerobic digestion to create usable fertilizer. Finally, one embodiment provides a turbine that is fueled by biological gases from the digester to generate heat and electricity to be used by the system.

Abstract: A process for producing methane and/or high purity hydrogen from anaerobically decomposed organic materials as well as a methane and/or high purity hydrogen generation system that operates in accordance with this process, are provided. The inventive system, which is capable of delivering at least 40 slpm of the desired product gas or gases, is completely self-contained, requiring no outside sources of energy, and is made up of fewer components, thereby allowing for a reduced plant footprint, and a more cost-effective source of renewable methane and hydrogen.

Abstract: Composting apparatuses and composting methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a composting apparatus includes a housing and a plurality of composting drawers in the housing. The plurality of composting drawers is in a stacked relationship when in the housing, and each drawer includes a bottom region having a plurality of apertures. A plurality of receiving structures is in the housing, and the receiving structures are respectively disposed under the plurality of composting drawers to receive composted material.

Abstract: A composting device for composting organic matter, includes a hollow container having a bottom end, a top end and at least one sidewall extending therebetween. The top end includes a charge opening therein for adding organic matter. The container also includes a discharge opening for proximal the bottom end for removing compost matter. A removable top cover for cooperating with the top end of the hollow container, covers the charge opening. The top cover is removable to expose the charge opening and includes connection means. An ornament including a corresponding complementary connection means, the complementary connection means cooperating with the connection means of the top cover, for mounting the ornament on the top cover.

Abstract: A method and means for drawing air through material by natural draft wherein air is drawn into one end of a container having the material therein and is sucked from the other end thereof by a wind powered rotary turbine ventilator.

Abstract: A method for hydrogen production from biodegradable feedstocks in which a feedstock having at least one biodegradable solid is introduced into a first stage anaerobic bioreactor operating at thermophilic conditions to form a liquid effluent which includes fatty acids. The liquid effluent is transferred through a plurality of hollow semipermeable fibers disposed in a second stage anaerobic bioreactor having a light transmitting wall, which hollow semipermeable fibers have an outer surface coated with a biofilm of photosynthetic bacteria, which photosynthetic bacteria, using the nutrients in the hollow fibers and the incoming light, generates hydrogen.

Abstract: A waveguide probe for the detection of pathogens in a sample which comprises a laser, a first and a second tubes that converge at a point to form a proximal end. A magnet is positioned in the end to configure to focus paramagnetic microspheres attached to antigen/antibody/optically labeled antibody complexes in the field of view. The proximal end is polished to form an aperture.

Abstract: A composting box includes a main unit and one or two detachable side panels. In a preferred embodiment, the main unit includes two spaced apart main walls attached at diagonally opposite corners with connecting and spacing members. Each of the detachable side panels is adapted to attach to a side of the main unit. After detaching the side panels, the main unit can be separated from a compost pile. The compost pile is then easily re-transferred back into the main unit, and the side panel(s) reattached. This method provides an inexpensive, labor-saving way to maintain and periodically aerate compost piles.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optimized device for the regulation and measurement of the oxygen content or content of any other gas in composting platforms or platforms for the treatment of waste. The device comprises at least one offset cabinet (4) comprising one or several gas measurement probes (5), and in particular, at least one probe for the measurement of oxygen or CO2; a gas suction pump (6), a programmable controller (9) which can comprise electrovalves which are integrated inside said programmable controller; an air supply pipe (11) which links each of the electrovalves (8) to a tube for the collection of gas (10) which can be placed in a pile or piles of waste or compost (14).

Abstract: Device consisting of a Watertight Compartment for obtaining Compost, Bio-gas and Water, by Biochemical De-atomisation and Molecular Magnetics, through decomposition of organic-vegetable and mineral refuse: Characterised by the Container for Composting (Watertight Compartment) having inner walls that, by means of the clayey-limy material that they are made of, produce a catalysis that accelerates the speed of reactions and transformations that take place in the treated material (pre-Compost mass). The clayey-limy material could be substituted by another similar and appropriate one depending on the characteristics of the matter (organic, vegetable, mineral) formed by the elements to be turned into Compost and their underlying residual parts (water and Bio-gas).

Abstract: Method of producing compost tea by passing an aqueous solution over and through a basket containing compost. This flow leaches and washes microorganisms and nutrients from compost and other organisms and nutrient-rich materials from the basket into the culture tank. The culture tank collects and cultures microorganisms and nutrients, creating compost tea. Compressed air is used to provide circulation instead of mechanical pumps, which can injure the organisms as they pass through.

Abstract: A method of disposing materials such as pet waste. First, an assembly is provided that has a container; a fitting for accepting and retaining a garden hose; a pressure nozzle for receiving water from the fitting and expressing the water under pressure; and a nozzle-retaining apparatus oriented so that the water expressed is directed into the container at an angle adapted to produce a churning motion within the container. Biodegradable material is placed into the container and the insertive coupler of a standard garden hose is attached into the fitting. Finally the faucet is turned on to cause water to flow through the hose and out the nozzle, thereby watering and stirring and fragmenting the biodegradable material while the operator remains at a distance far enough away from the container to avoid the unpleasant odor that is emitted from the container by virtue of the watering and stirring and fragmenting.

Abstract: An apparatus for forcing airflow through (i.e., aerating) a particulate material consists of a planar bearing surface and a ventilation conduit underlying the planar bearing surface. A plurality of delivery conduits extend between the ventilation conduit and the planar bearing surface with a mouth of the delivery conduits being near the planar bearing surface. A grate, defining a plurality of openings, covers the mouth of each delivery conduit. Each grate has a top surface substantially parallel to the planar bearing surface and positioned at or no more than a select distance below the planar bearing surface. This select distance is close enough to the planar bearing surface to prevent the accumulation of particulate material over the grate as the particulate material is scraped from the planar bearing surface with an implement having a linear edge abutting the planar bearing surface.

Abstract: An organic waste fermentatively-processing device, which is capable of fermentatively processing organic waste, such as leftovers and kitchen garbage, to convert it into composite, effectively in a short time. The organic waste fermentatively-processing device stores a fermentation accelerator having a fermentative microorgqanism inoculated thereinto and organic waste in a processing tank (10) and fermentatively decomposes the organic waste by the fermentation microorganism, and is characterized in that a heat insulator (11) covers the tank to prevent leakage of the fermentation heat generated by fermentation of the organic waste.

Abstract: The invention relates to a container, a system and an apparatus for the treatment of organic matter involving the use of worms to decompose organic material and produce castings. The container includes an inner housing, housing having walls with apertures, an in-feeding means, a collection means and a discharge means. The system is a plurality of such containers having a common organic matter delivery means and a common discharge means. The apparatus comprises a pair of wheel assemblies which can be mounted to opposing ends of a container, a framework for supporting the wheel assemblies and a drive means to rotate the container.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for composting source materials such as organic materials, but also including hazardous and toxic material, by maintaining composting conditions within preselected limits. A sealable container includes an insulated chamber having a base with a gravity well; a flat, perforated floor forming a small air and leachate drain space between the floor and base, and air inlet and outlet conduits. Dampers control flow of air or other gases responsive to various conditions or sensors. According to the method, the composition of the organic material is amended and/or inoculated as required to convert the source material to a compostable mixture. Incubating forms a composting mixture from the compostable mixture. The method includes the steps of monitoring and adjusting conditions of the composting mixture to maintain the conditions within preselected limits.

Abstract: A bioremediation system converts a waste stream, at least part of which is a fluid containing energetics, to carbon dioxide (CO2), water, and environmentally benign end products. It uses gas-enhanced sequencing-batch-reactors (SBRs), treating the waste stream in three SBRs seriatim. The first SBR uses a nitrogen purge, the second a hydrogen gas supplement, and the third an oxygen gas or forced air supplement. Each reactor may be supplemented with additives to optimize conditions such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient level. The system may be implemented under manual control, semi-automated, or fully automated, as needed. A waste stream of consideration is the pink water resultant from munitions fabrication and handling.

Abstract: An organic waste disposer includes a frame having a plurality of heating plates, a driving device, a treating trough, a stirring device, a final treating container, a water collection device, etc. In disposing the organic waste, the organic waste being added with a yeast (for instance, Bio) is placed into the treating trough for fermentation, and in combination with the stirring device and natural micro-organism decomposition, the organic waste is decomposed to form feeds or organic fertilizer, which are collected by the final collection container. The odor and moisture of the organic waste are removed and collected by the water removing device.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and system of system for efficiently bio-converting putrescent wastes to a more usable form. The present “domestic” unit does not utilize a motor nor does in contend any moving parts. Instead, it consists of a generally round container with two small ramps on the inside of the container. The two ramps begin at the bottom of the container and spiral up to the top of the container, where they adjoin a discharge pipe. In operation, the putrescent waste is deposited into the domestic unit container. Mature larvae have only one avenue of escape from the putrescent waste, up the ramps and into discharge pipe and onto collection tubes where the larvae are collected and processed. When the container fills up with larval residue, the larvae are removed from the container, the container is emptied of residue, and the larvae are put back into the container.

Abstract: The invention relates to a procedure and an apparatus for microbiological treatment of waste containing harmful substances. According to the invention, the waste is loaded into a waste treatment reactor (2), which comprises a bottom (1a), a cover (1b) and walls (1c, 1d). Organic matter is added to the waste and the properties of the waste material and the conditions are adjusted so as to make them favorable for bacterial activity. The waste is treated in the reactor substantially without agitation, and a sufficient amount of oxygen, moisture and/or nutrients is added into the waste material. The reactor of the invention comprises at least a cover 91b0 openable from above and/or openable wall (1c, 1d) to allow waste material to be loaded into the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composting device for composting organic waste, specifically animal and vegetable household waste. The device consists of a container having four rectangular sides, a base and a removable, reversible cover. The container is provided with a sealable compost extraction opening disposed on a front side of the container near the base. Ventilation openings are provided in the sides. One surface of the cover and front side of the container is painted dark to absorb sunlight and heat the interior chamber defined by the container. The opposing side of the cover is painted white to substantially reflect sunlight. The cover is removed and waste is added to the container through the top. Worms and microorganisms provide a way for degrading the waste into compost, which is removed through the extraction opening adjacent to the base for recycling. The temperature in the compost may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing absorption of sunlight.

Abstract: A garbage disposing device includes a treatment chamber used to decompose food wastes by a microorganism, intake passage, exhaust passage, and a return path extending from a diverging portion in the exhaust passage to the treatment chamber. An exhaust airflow adjuster is provided at the diverging portion. A control unit controls the exhaust airflow adjuster such that after water and ammonia in an air exhausted from said treatment chamber are adsorbed by a dehumidifier provided in the exhaust passage, a part of the air is returned to the treatment chamber through the return path, and the remaining air is exhausted to the outside through a deodorizer. As a result, a small deodorizer is available, and the garbage disposing device can be small-sized as a whole. In addition, it is possible to save energy used for the decomposing treatment of the food wastes.

Abstract: Apparatus suitable for use in the treatment of waste and/or organic materials which includes a main body having a treatment chamber therein having a base which when the apparatus is in a harvesting mode is arranged with a space there below. The base includes a plurality of generally parallel spaced apart support elements, the support elements being spaced apart at a distance sufficient to support the material within the chamber during the treatment process and enable extraction of the treated material through the spaces between the support elements during a harvesting process. There is also disclosed a harvesting device comprising a plurality of extraction elements which are adapted to project through the spaces between the support elements to dislodge and extract the treated material through the base. The apparatus and harvesting device is particularly useful for removing worm casting in vermiculture.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for anaerobic treatment of organic wastes in a liquid filled vessel wherein particles of the waste are buoyed and form a floating bed in the liquid by the gasses generated by the anaerobic digestion of the wastes. The bed forms to an upper stratum of the least digested, least dense waste and a lower stratum of the most digested, most dense waste. Liquid from beneath the bed is continuously sprayed over the upper surface of the bed through a series of discharge ports which expands to bed downwardly. Each spraying period is followed by a quiescent period to allow the bed to reform. Over time the floating bed is moved from an inlet end to an outlet end of the vessel where the most digested waste is removed.

Abstract: Composting apparatuses and composting methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a composting apparatus includes a housing and a plurality of composting drawers in the housing. The plurality of composting drawers is in a stacked relationship when in the housing, and each drawer includes a bottom region having a plurality of apertures. A plurality of receiving structures is in the housing, and the receiving structures are respectively disposed under the plurality of composting drawers to receive composted material.

Abstract: A biofilter apparatus includes at least one container having a height, length, and width containing a deep, low density, porous media within the container. An airflow apparatus is constructed and arranged to deliver a flow of air to be treated to the filter media. The airflow apparatus provides at least 37.5 cfm/ft2 with the porous media creating a backpressure of not more than about 10 inches of water. The media preferably consists of about 30-40% shredded tree bark particles, about 30-40% shredded wood, and about 30-40% composted wood sized such that 95% of the media will pass through a three inch screen and be retained by a 0.5 inch screen. A fluid mister may be provided in fluid communication with the flow of the air to be treated for introducing humidity to the air. The method for treating air via biofiltration utilizes the biofiltration apparatus discussed above and includes directing contaminated air into the container through the airflow apparatus and through the media at at least 37.

Abstract: A composting system is provided that includes an enclosure for containing organic matter undergoing composting. The enclosure has an access through which organic waste can be introduced into the enclosure and through which composted matter can be removed from the enclosure. The enclosure has a sloped roof comprised of a composite laminate which includes an air and moisture permeable membrane having an inside surface that faces into said enclosure. The inside surface of the membrane is adhered to an open grid layer. The composting system may further include a device for introducing fresh air into organic matter being composted within the enclosure.

Abstract: A recirculating composting apparatus cycles air and waste gases through a composting vessel, into a curing bin which contains previously composted material. Within the curing bin, ammonia and other noxious gases are adsorbed and converted into valuable fertilizer. The gases released from the curing bin may pass into another curing bin and then be recirculated back into the composting vessel, or may alternatively be released into the environment or passed through a biofilter. In preferred embodiments, like containers may be used for each curing phase and also the composting phase. The use of similar or compatible containers allows an entire vessel to be converted from a composting vessel into a curing bin simply by disconnection at one location and reconnection at a different location, without having to disturb the contents within the vessel or incur the undesired associated labor.

Abstract: A composting container is disclosed which includes side walls, a base and an opening. The composting container defines an internal space. A platform in the container separates the internal space from a collection chamber below the platform. An aerator in the container is in conmmunication with the outside air so that air can pass into the aerator and then flow into composting material within the container. Leachate which drains from the composting material is collected in the collection chamber below the platform. The aerator may be formed from wire mesh or from modular units which stack one above the other. Underside projections have apertures to enable air to flow out of the aerator into the composting material.

Abstract: This invention provides a waste-processing system capable of processing high-solids wastes such as manure. This invention provides a compact U-shaped digester that allows for recycling of activated sludge to improve the efficiency of the process. Efficiency is also improved through a sludge heating design that creates a current in the digester and efficiently heats the sludge. A composter is provided to further process the sludge through aerobic digestion to create usable fertilizer. Finally, one embodiment provides a turbine that is fueled by biological gases from the digester to generate heat and electricity to be used by the system.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to improve a conventional soil percolation technique to thereby provide a method of enriching and isolating decomposing bacteria decomposing an organochlorine agricultural chemical PCNB which is difficult to decompose, in a short time period, and to provide decomposing bacteria for efficiently processing PCNB. To practice the method, an enrichment soil layer 2 is formed by mixing a soil containing an organochlorine agricultural chemical PCNB with a fragmented porous material having an infinite number of micropores and at the same time a greater adsorptivity for adsorbing PCNB than the soil, and an inorganic salt medium 3 containing a carbon and nitrogen source, the carbon and nitrogen source being formed by only PCNB, is circulated through the enrichment soil layer 2, thereby enriching the aerobic bacteria Burkholderia cepacia in the fragmented porous material.

Abstract: The invention includes an anaerobic solids digestion apparatus comprising a digester, at least one draft tube; at least one nozzle and a biogas source; a method for digesting a waste stream in an anaerobic solids digestion apparatus comprises feeding a waste stream to a digester; reacting the anaerobically biodegradable material in the waste stream with anaerobic bacteria in the digester; introducing a mixed liquor into the digester and mixing the mixed liquor; and a method for minimizing the use of inhibitory polymers by concurrently digesting and concentrating the mixed liquor in the digester.

Abstract: Organic waste disposal equipment and systems that make use of microbes' bioactivities with a feature of circulation mechanism so that wastes stored at the bottom part of a treatment tank is transferred to the upper part of its own or other tanks by lifting conveyors, and organic waste disposal equipment and systems that make use of microbes' bioactivities with a feature in its structure of having treatment tanks and lifting conveyors so that wastes stored at the bottom part of a treatment tank is transferred to the upper part of its own or other tanks by lifting conveyors.

Abstract: A compost tea system uses a water-holding tank for containing process water. Compost is immersed into the water in the tank in baskets defining a filter media. Air is pumped into membrane disk diffuser modules in the tank and the liquid is sparged with fine bubbles to thoroughly agitate the liquid, extract nutrients and microorganisms from the compost, and to ensure a high concentration of dissolved oxygen in the liquid. The high level of oxygen selects for desired aerobic organisms to produce a rich compost tea. The finished tea is drained out of the tank and the tank and its components are easily cleaned and sanitized.

Abstract: This invention provides a waste-processing system capable of processing high-solids wastes such as manure. This invention provides a compact U-shaped digester that allows for recycling of activated sludge to improve the efficiency of the process. Efficiency is also improved through a sludge heating design that creates a current in the digester and efficiently heats the sludge. A composter is provided to further process the sludge through aerobic digestion to create usable fertilizer. Finally, one embodiment provides a turbine that is fueled by biological gases from the digester to generate heat and electricity to be used by the system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composting device for composting organic waste, specifically animal and vegetable household waste. The device consists of a container having four rectangular sides, a base and a removable, reversible cover. The container is provided with a sealable compost extraction opening disposed on a front side of the container near the base. Ventilation openings are provided in the sides. One surface of the cover and front side of the container is painted dark to absorb sunlight and heat the interior chamber defined by the container. The opposing side of the cover is painted white to substantially reflect sunlight. The cover is removed and waste is added to the container through the top. Worms and microorganisms provide means for degrading the waste into compost, which is removed through the extraction opening adjacent to the base for recycling. The temperature in the compost may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing absorption of sunlight.

Abstract: A recirculating composting apparatus cycles air and waste gases through a composting vessel, into a curing bin which contains previously composted material. Within the curing bin, ammonia and other noxious gases are adsorbed and converted into valuable fertilizer. The gases released from the curing bin may pass into another curing bin and then be recirculated back into the composting vessel, or may alternatively be released into the environment or passed through a biofilter. In preferred embodiments, like containers may be used for each curing phase and also the composting phase. The use of similar or compatible containers allows an entire vessel to be converted from a composting vessel into a curing bin simply by disconnection at one location and reconnection at a different location, without having to disturb the contents within the vessel or incur the undesired associated labor.

Abstract: To make organic fertilizer by performing fermentation treatment of organic waste containing a large quantity of water content such as garbage, while maintaining conditions of treatment suitable for fermentation. A fermentation treatment apparatus of organic waste according to the present invention is constituted in such a way that a steam supply pipe 3 is connected to a jacket part 2 of a fermentation tank 1 by way of reducing valves 17 and 18, and a vacuum pump 4 is connected below the jacket part 2 by way of a communicating line 27. When steam reduced in pressure lower than 100° C. is supplied into the jacket part 2, the waste housed within the fermentation tank 1 can be promptly treated with fermentation by utilizing condensation heat of steam. Furthermore, the air at a predetermined humidity is supplied into the fermentation tank 1 from the air supply part 36, so that fermentation treatment due to aerobic bacteria can be performed in a short time and efficiently.

Abstract: A composting container is disclosed which includes side walls, a base and an opening. The composting container defines an internal space. A platform in the container separates the internal space from a collection chamber below the platform. An aerator in the container is in communication with the outside air so that air can pass into the aerator and then flow into composting material within the container. Leachate which drains from the composting material is collected in the collection chamber below the platform. The aerator may be formed from wire mesh or from modular units which stack one above the other. Underside projections have apertures to enable air to flow out of the aerator into the composting material.

Abstract: A composting system having an area for containing a mass of compostable material, and a weatherproof cover. The cover can be conformable to the mass of compostable material and protects the material from environmental factors. The cover defines a composting environment in which environmental conditions may be controlled during the composting process.

Abstract: A perforated enclosure for reception of material to be composted is divided into a plurality of compartments. A trough is capable of being raised and lowered between a low level filling station and the top of this enclosure, and then travelling across the top of this enclosure to dispense the material to be composted into the compartments. The trough base includes a plurality of side by side rotors having circumferential vanes with radial cross walls whereby the material to be composted is distributed to the compartments. An auger may be mounted below the perforated enclosure between respective guide rails and may travel therealong to extract compost from the base of each compartment. The auger is moved intermittently by a coordinated system of hydraulic rams which connect to the guide rails by gripper means.

Abstract: A permeable mass of remediable materials is subjected to biotic or abiotic treatment in a refillable containment in order to change the physical and/or chemical composition of the mass and/or contaminants within it by manipulating the biotic and abiotic in the subsurface environment. It is an adaptation of the SBS Close Lance system for decontamination of polluted soil. Such system when fitted to a refillable containment is used to compost and decontaminate remediable materials by promoting and exploiting biotic and abiotic activity. Ex-situ treatment of remediable materials including soils, refuse, wastes, drilling muds and minerals are possible as is composting of waste prior to alternate use by recycling.

Abstract: A portable and reconfigurable composting apparatus for controlling the airflow to and from a plurality of aerated static composting piles. The composting apparatus includes an air blower having an air intake and an air output. A suction manifold is attached in fluid communication with the air intake of the blower. A discharge manifold is attached in fluid communication with the air output of the blower. A plurality of pile manifolds are connected to the suction manifold and the discharge manifold by a manifold crossover. The manifold crossover includes a pair of dampers which allow the composting apparatus operator to independently select positive or negative air pressure for application to each pile manifold. Each pile manifold is operatively associated with an aerated static compost pile, by means of a series of flexible air lances attached in fluid communication with a pile manifold.

Abstract: The present invention produces excellent compost in a short time by always measuring environmental conditions and measuring the quality of compost being produced. A maturation chamber and a fermentation chamber are each provided with corresponding ones of various sensors for measuring the concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen, temperature, humidity, the concentration of ammonia, and the like. The sensors are connected via remote I/O modules to a panel computer provided in the monitoring chamber. A measuring robot installed in the measuring chamber is provided with sensors for the temperature, water content, and PH of compost being produced, and the concentrations of carbon dioxide and ammonia at which the compost is produced. The measuring robot is connected to a panel computer via a remote I/O module.

Abstract: A composting system is provided that includes an enclosure for containing organic matter undergoing composting. The enclosure has an access through which organic waste can be introduced into the enclosure and through which composted matter can be removed from the enclosure. The enclosure has a sloped roof comprised of a composite laminate which includes an air and moisture permeable membrane having an inside surface that faces into said enclosure. The inside surface of the membrane is adhered to an open grid layer. The composting system may further comprise means for introducing fresh air into organic matter being composted within the enclosure.

Abstract: Raw waste is first composted into a bioreactor to produce a crude compost. At the outlet of the bioreactor, the crude compost is separated from the non-compostable waste fraction. Then, the separated crude compost is conveyed to a compost maturation area where the crude compost is recycled. The composting process is conducted in at least one closed building area maintained at a negative pressure for aspirating and directing odorous substances to a biofilter. This biofilter extracts the odorous substances whereby the process can carried out in urban areas without affecting the air quality and accordingly without disturbing the neighbourhood. Also, the composting process can be run with a number of employees as small as three, to produce high quality compost substantially free of pathogenic microorganisms.

Abstract: Composting device for night soil and other biodegradable material, comprising a receptacle for receiving the material to be composted and on the bottom of which a starting bed is to be spread out. The receptacle comprises an inner, seal-tight lining in the form of a sack (10) made from a flexible, liquid-impermeable material and a carrier (1) intended to support the sack. The sack is constructed with liquid drains (14) for the drainage of liquid which is separated from the composting material. The carrier (1) and the sack-lined receptacle are arranged such that they can be transported as a unit to a depot after the sack (10) has been wholly or partially filled. The bottom of the carrier (1) is constructed with openable hatches (8), which allow the sack (10) with its contents to be deposited in the depot through the said bottom when the carrier (1) is lifted.