Abstract: Cross-linked polymer networks that are at least partially conjugated (e.g., phenylene vinylene polymer networks). The cross-linked polymer networks may be thin-films disposed on a substrate. The cross-linked polymer network may be covalently bonded to the substrate. The cross-linked polymer networks can be used, for example, in methods of detecting explosives (e.g., RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine)) and degradation products thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to reagents which are suitable to be used in mass spectrometry as well as methods of mass spectrometric determination of analyte molecules using said reagents.

Abstract: The conveying system includes a support guide element defining a guide track, the support guide element being configured to receive a containers support and guide said containers support in translation along the guide track; and a self-propelled conveying carriage displaceable along a conveying track extending along the support guide element, the self-propelled conveying carriage comprising a drive element movably mounted between at least one drive position in which the drive element is configured to transmit a drive movement to the containers support so received on the support guide element, and a release position in which the drive element is configured to release the containers support, the self-propelled conveying carriage being configured to displace the containers support in translation along the guide track when the drive element is in the drive position and the self-propelled conveying carriage is displaced along the conveying track.

Abstract: The invention relates to strong hydrogen-bond acidic sorbents. The sorbents may be provided in a form that limits or eliminates intramolecular bonding of the hydrogen-bond acidic site between neighboring sorbent molecules, for example, by providing steric groups adjacent to the hydrogen-bond acidic site. The hydrogen bond site may be a phenolic structure based on a bisphenol architecture. The sorbents of the invention may be used in methods for trapping or detecting hazardous chemicals or explosives.

Abstract: The invention relates to strong hydrogen-bond acidic sorbents. The sorbents may be provided in a form that limits or eliminates intramolecular bonding of the hydrogen-bond acidic site between neighboring sorbent molecules, for example, by providing steric groups adjacent to the hydrogen-bond acidic site. The hydrogen bond site may be a phenolic structure based on a bisphenol architecture. The sorbents of the invention may be used in methods for trapping or detecting hazardous chemicals or explosives.

Abstract: The invention relates to strong hydrogen-bond acidic sorbents. The sorbents may be provided in a form that limits or eliminates intramolecular bonding of the hydrogen-bond acidic site between neighboring sorbent molecules, for example, by providing steric groups adjacent to the hydrogen-bond acidic site. The hydrogen bond site may be a phenolic structure based on a bisphenol architecture. The sorbents of the invention may be used in methods for trapping or detecting hazardous chemicals or explosives.

Abstract: The invention relates to strong hydrogen-bond acidic sorbents. The sorbents may be provided in a form that limits or eliminates intramolecular bonding of the hydrogen-bond acidic site between neighboring sorbent molecules, for example, by providing steric groups adjacent to the hydrogen-bond acidic site. The hydrogen bond site may be a phenolic structure based on a bisphenol architecture. The sorbents of the invention may be used in methods for trapping or detecting hazardous chemicals or explosives.

Abstract: A system and method for calibration of a fluorometer using a calibration cell comprising a sealed container housing one or more calibration solutions of known fluorescence. The inventive calibration device includes a sealed calibration cell housed in a storage chamber that may be permanently or temporarily affixed to the top of a fluorometer such that the calibration solution can be moved by manual or automated means directly from the storage chamber to the fluorometer cell for a calibration operation. All of the solution needed for any given calibration can be contained exclusively, in small quantity, inside the calibration cell.

Abstract: Provided herein are efficient and scalable methods for the synthesis of nicotinamide riboside from riboside triacetate. Also provided are compositions comprising nicotinamide riboside, and therapeutic methods employing nicotinamide riboside.

Abstract: The invention relates to strong hydrogen-bond acidic sorbents. The sorbents may be provided in a form that limits or eliminates intramolecular bonding of the hydrogen-bond acidic site between neighboring sorbent molecules, for example, by providing steric groups adjacent to the hydrogen-bond acidic site. The hydrogen bond site may be a phenolic structure based on a bisphenol architecture. The sorbents of the invention may be used in methods for trapping or detecting hazardous chemicals or explosives.

Abstract: A method of preparing a cantilever sensor for measuring biochemical interactions and their associated stress wherein a cantilever having two sides is coated on one side with at least a gold layer and both sides of the cantilever are functionalized with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of a probe molecule by incubating the cantilever in a solution having a concentration of the probe molecule of between 1 to 1000 ?M. The unpassivated cantilever sensor comprising a layer coated on one side with a coating comprising gold and being unpassivated on the opposite side, wherein both surfaces comprises a self-assembled monolayer of a probe molecule in which the surface area occupied per probe molecule varies in the range 0.4-1.5 nm2, enabling the stress at the gold top surface that is not cancelled out by a counter stress from the bottom surface so that accurate quantitation of a target molecule is achieved.

Abstract: Provided herein are kits, compositions and methods for biomarker detection, and the use of relative or absolute levels of these markers for non-invasive detection of stress and/or relaxation levels in human subjects. In particular, the present invention relates to cortisol, isomer and metabolite markers for stress and/or relaxation levels.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a selected refinery chemical at a low concentration comprises contacting a sample with functionalized metallic nanoparticles that contain metallic nanoparticles functionalized with a functional group comprising a cyano group, a thiol group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, a boronic acid group, an aza group, an ether group, a hydroxyl group, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; radiating the sample contacted with the functionalized metallic nanoparticles with electromagnetic radiation at a selected energy level; measuring a Raman spectrum emitted from the sample; and determining the presence or a concentration of a selected refinery chemical in the sample from the Raman spectrum.

Abstract: A method for preparing a ratiometric fluorescent probe for melamine based on a DNA-stable silver nanocluster-rhodamine 6G complex, wherein the electrostatic self-assembly technology is adopted to construct a silver nanocluster-rhodamine 6G complex. The melamine forms a strong hydrogen bond with thymine in the DNA of the surface of the silver nanocluster, causing rhodamine 6G to dissociate from the surface of the silver nanocluster, destroying the fluorescence resonance energy transfer, so as to restore the fluorescence of the silver nanocluster. This process has little effect on Rhodamine 6G fluorescence which can be used as a reference signal, while silver nanocluster fluorescence can be used as a response signal. By fitting the linear relationship between the ratio of fluorescence emission peak intensities of the silver nanocluster to rhodamine 6G and the molar concentration of the melamine, the ratiometric fluorescent probe for melamine can be constructed.

Abstract: A method of quantitatively determining the concentration of at least one analyte in a sample by: (i) adding a portion of the sample to a first analyte assay formulation and to an analyte assay reference formulation to generate a first analyte sample and analyte reference sample and determining the concentration of the at least one analyte in the sample; and/or (ii) adding a portion of the sample to a second analyte assay formulation and determining the concentration of the at least one analyte in the sample, as well as formulations, kits of parts, systems and computer implemented methods associated with the method.

Abstract: Compounds are of the formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), or are stereoisomers thereof, wherein: R1 is hydrogen, (C1-C20)alkyl; (C3-C20)alkenyl; (C3 C20)alkynyl; (C1-C6)alkyl-O—; (C3-C20)cycloalkyl; (C1 C20)haloalkyl; (C6-C20)aryl optionally substituted; (C6-C20)heteroaryl optionally substituted; R2 and R2? are hydrogen; (C1-C20)alkyl; (C1-C6)alkyl-O—; (C1-C6)haloalkyl; halogen; cyano; and nitro; Z1 to Z4 are diradicals of formula (III) wherein A1 and A2 are O— or NR3-, wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (C1-C20)alkyl; and G is (C1-C6)alkyl; —P(?S)R5-; —P(?O)R4; —P(?O)(OR4)-; —P(?O)(NR6R7)-; —S(?O)2-; S(?O)—; or —C(?O)—; and Y1 to Y4 are (C1-C8)alkyl; (C3-C7)cycloalkyl; (C6-C20)aryl optionally substituted; or (C6-C20)heteroaryl optionally substituted; and FG1 and FG2 are H, OH, or NHR8.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for weight management in an individual in need thereof by determining the level of renal sufficiency of the individual and prescribing or administering a therapeutically effective amount of (R)-8-chloro-1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof to the individual, provided that the individual has a level of renal sufficiency selected from the group consisting of: no renal impairment, mild renal impairment, and moderate renal impairment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to process for the preparation of azacitidine and its crystalline forms.

Abstract: A histamine concentration level of a fish item is determined by illuminating the fish and analyzing the resulting spectral image data. Specifically, an algorithm is applied to the fish image data so that a histamine concentration value is calculated for every pixel of the fish image. A corresponding histamine concentration image of the fish is produced based on the collective histamine concentration values. The fish is accepted or rejected based on the collective histamine concentration values and/or the histamine concentration image. The histamine concentration image may be used to identify specific parts of a fish fillet that exceed (or do not exceed) a predetermined histamine concentration level.

Abstract: Chemoselective derivatization of biological amines, carboxylic acids, aldehydes or ketones are employed in methods to detect a plurality of components, or members of a component, such as metabolites, that vary in molecular structure. The methods of the invention can be employed in aqueous and nonaqueous conditions.

Abstract: A diagnostic system is provided herein that includes an instrument comprising an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detector, and a cartridge configured to fit within a portion of the instrument, wherein the cartridge includes at least one reagent including an ECL label and a blood collection holder. Also provided herein is a system that includes a diagnostic instrument, which includes a pump, an ECL detector, an incubator, a magnet, and an output device, and a cartridge configured to fit within a portion of the diagnostic instrument, a sample holder configured to fit within the cartridge, and a closed fluidic loop between the diagnostic instrument and the cartridge when the cartridge is fit within a portion of the diagnostic instrument, wherein the cartridge is configured to accept a sample from the sample holder and place the sample in fluidic communication with the diagnostic instrument via the closed fluidic loop.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for weight management in an individual in need thereof by determining the level of renal sufficiency of the individual and prescribing or administering a therapeutically effective amount of (R)-8-chloro-1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof to the individual, provided that the individual has a level of renal sufficiency selected from the group consisting of: no renal impairment, mild renal impairment, and moderate renal impairment.

Abstract: Sensors and methods for determination of analytes are provided. Analytes including explosives (e.g., RDX or PETN) may be determined by monitoring, for example, a change in an optical signal of a material upon exposure to the analyte. In some embodiments, the analyte and the material may interact via a chemical reaction to form a new emissive species. Embodiments described herein may provide inexpensive sensors with high selectivity and sensitivity.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for predicting a pregnant woman's risk of carrying a fetus with Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) or Trisomy 18. The methods are based on measuring one or more metabolites obtained from a pregnant woman's bodily fluid, such as blood or urine, and found to be predictive of Trisomy 21 or Trisomy 18.

Abstract: Explosives detection polymers are provided that include a polyamine polymer, such as polyethylenimine, functionalized with a small molecule fluorophore. Methods for detecting an explosive material using polyamine polymers functionalized with a small molecule fluorophore are also provided. Sensors for explosive detection are provided that include a polyamine polymer functionalized with a small molecule fluorophore and a complementary analytical device.

Abstract: There is provided a method for quantitatively detecting 8-oxo 2?-deoxyguanosine in an aqueous sample solution with high sensitivity. A method for quantitatively detecting 8-oxo 2?-deoxyguanosine in an aqueous sample solution, including the steps of 1) immobilizing a fluorescent probe molecule showing a fluorescence response specific to 8-oxo 2?-deoxyguanosine on surfaces of fine particles via a spacer unit and bringing the sample solution into contact with the fine particles, and 2) measuring a physical property of the fine particles before and after the contact with the sample solution to determine a change in the physical property.

Abstract: To provide an anti-cancer agent sensitivity determination marker, which marker can determine whether or not the patient has a therapeutic response to the anti-cancer agent, and novel cancer therapeutic means employing the marker. The anti-cancer agent sensitivity determination marker, the anti-cancer agent including oxaliplatin or a salt thereof and fluorouracil or a salt thereof, contains one or more substances selected from among an amino-acid-metabolism-related substance, a nucleic-acid-metabolism-related substance, a substance in the pentose phosphate pathway, a substance in the glycolytic pathway, a substance in the TCA cycle, a polyamine-metabolism-related substance, 7,8-dihydrobiopterin, 6-phosphogluconic acid, butyric acid, triethanolamine, 1-methylnicotinamide, NADH, NAD+, and a substance involved in the metabolism of any of these substances.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to the field of diagnostics for hyperthyroidism and toxicological assessments for risk stratification of chemical compounds. Specifically, it relates to a method for diagnosing hyperthyroidism. It also relates to a method for determining whether a compound is capable of inducing such hyperthyroidism in a subject and to a method of identifying a drug for treating hyperthyroidism. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a device and a kit for diagnosing hyperthyroidism.

Abstract: A colorimetric assay to detect certain compounds and a kit therefore are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for detecting and quantifying metabolites in a biological sample by measuring the concentration of a test metabolite in the sample and comparing that concentration against the concentration of the reference metabolite; enabling accurate metabolite concentration measurements to determine aberrant drug usage patterns. Also disclosed is an analytical testing device and related computer-assisted products for detecting and quantifying metabolites in a biological sample efficiently and accurately.

Abstract: Methods and materials for the detection of melamine in test samples such as foodstuffs are described. Embodiments of the invention comprise combining a test sample suspected of containing melamine with a particle that produces a colorimetric and/or turbidimetric signal that is dependent upon the concentration of melamine in the test sample. In certain embodiments of the invention, the particles and test sample are combined together with a chemical compound selected to induce the aggregation melamine in a manner that amplifies the colorimetric and/or turbidimetric signal of the assay. In some embodiments of the invention, the aggregation inducing agent is not physically coupled to the particles used in the assays. In other embodiments of the invention, the aggregation inducing agent is physically coupled to the particles used in these assays.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for analyzing a medical condition of a user. The apparatus may include a user interface configured to receive user identification information inputted by the user, an analyzer, and a processor all disposed within a common housing. The analyzer is configured to receive a biological specimen from the user and to analyze the biological specimen to generate analysis information. The processor is configured to store and forward the analysis information and to receive prescription information. The apparatus may include a communication unit configured to transmit the user identification information and the analysis information to a doctor at a remote location for review and to receive the prescription information from the doctor. The apparatus then may dispense the prescribed medication or print a medication prescription.

Abstract: Provided are certain benzothiazole, imidazothiazole, imidazopyrimidine and imidazopyridine compounds, including, for example: formula (I) and pharmaceutically and physiologically acceptable salts, hydrates, and solvates thereof. Such compounds can be used as diagnostic ligands or labels of tau protein and PHF.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of detecting uracil. The method comprises reacting uracil with a compound represented by the formula (I) in the presence of an oxidant and a base to produce a fluorescent compound represented by the formula (II).

Abstract: This invention relates to a testing system arrangement for assessing the level of a biochemical marker, comprising a disposable device (2) with a sample inlet (4) and a at least one visible detection compartment (5A, 5B), for detection of said bio-chemical marker, a mobile unit (8) including a digital camera arranged to capture a digital picture (60) of said at least one visible detection compartment (5A, 5B), software run on a processor for analysing said picture (60) to assess said level and means arranged to present the result (70) of said assessment in a display (8A) of or connected to, said mobile unit (8), wherein said disposable device (2) is arranged with at least one reference surface (12) having a predetermined colour setting that is known to said software to enable exact assessment of the colour within said detection compartment (5A, 5B) by the use of said reference surface (12) within said digital picture as a basis reference.

Abstract: Methods for detecting abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) or predisposition to AAA in a apoE subject, methods for monitoring the efficacy of treatment of AAA in a subject, and methods for evaluating the severity of AAA or risk of AAA in a subject involve measuring the amount of tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) present in the test sample and comparing it to the amount of H4B present in a standard or previous test sample. A decreased amount of H4B present in the test sample compared to the standard is indicative of AAA or predisposition to AAA. Treatment can be administered to the subject prior to a second time point, and an increased amount of H4B present in the second test sample compared to the first test sample is indicative of effective treatment of AAA. Candidates can be identified for further testing or monitoring for AAA, and/or for treatment for AAA.

Abstract: Methods are described for measuring the amount of a vitamin B2 in a sample. More specifically, mass spectrometric methods are described for detecting and quantifying vitamin B2 in a sample utilizing on-line extraction methods coupled with tandem mass spectrometric techniques.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for the analysis of thiopurine drug metabolites in a sample using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of assaying for tetrahydrocannabinol in a body fluid. The method includes contacting a sample of body fluid with an imine capable of reacting with tetrahydrocannabinol to yield a quinone imine, and detecting the formation of a quinone imine, where the sample is contacted with the reagent compound at a pH of at least 10.5.

Abstract: We disclose the synthesis and use of chiral ionic liquids based on a substituted pentose, furanose, hexose, or pyranose sugar. The compounds and processes to make or use them are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in vitro method of diagnosis, prognosis and/or monitoring of pathologies caused by gliotoxin-producing fungi or their derivatives, characterized in that it is based on the detection of SS?-dimethyl-gliotoxin in a biological sample. Also relates to the use of the SS?-dimethyl-gliotoxin as marker for the diagnosis, prognosis and/or monitoring of pathologies caused by gliotoxin-producing fungi or their derivatives in a subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for profiling phytohormone levels in plant tissue or tissue of other plastid containing organisms, i.e. a method for the simultaneous determination of a multitude of phytohormone levels in plant tissue or tissue of other plastid containing organisms, which method comprises the following steps: i. extraction of particulate tissue material of the plastid containing organism, in particulate tissue material of plants, with a liquid extractant, which is a mixture of at least one water miscible neutral organic solvent having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and 1 heteroatom selected from O and N with water containing from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the extractant, of at least one acid, whereby a first liquid extract is obtained; ii. contacting the liquid extract obtained in step i. with a solid absorbent having a hydrophobically modified surface and removing the solid absorbent to obtain a second liquid extract; iii.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention relates to an ultrathin micro-electromechanical chemical sensing device which uses swelling or straining of a reactive organic material for sensing. In certain embodiments, the device comprises a contact on-off switch chemical sensor. For example, the device can comprises a small gap separating two electrodes, wherein the gap can be closed as a result of the swelling or stressing of an organic polymer coating on one or both sides of the gap. In certain embodiments, the swelling or stressing is due to the organic polymer reacting with a target analyte.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method of detecting contaminants, such as melamine, in at least one ingestible item. The apparatus, system and method may include a disposable notched probe having therein at least one send and one receive fiber optic, or electrical, or heat source, and a reactant associated with said disposable notched probe, wherein a reaction of the reactant with at least a portion of the ingestible item indicates, to the consumer user, a presence of a contaminant.

Abstract: A molecular probe for the luminescent detection of nucleotides (e.g., adenosine nucleotides) is presented. In certain embodiments, the probe can readily distinguish between the three adenosine nucleotides in buffered aqueous conditions at neutral pH, a need for the direct monitoring of enzymatic reactions converting ATP to ADP or AMP. The probe is most efficient under millimolar concentrations of ATP, which are relevant to intracellular conditions. In preferred embodiments, the long luminescence lifetime of the probe readily enables time-gating experiments.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to the treatment of gastroparesis by administering sepiapterin.

Abstract: The objects of embodiments in the present disclosure are to provide a method capable of recovering two or more amine compounds at the same time from a gas or solution, and also to provide a method capable of analyzing the recovered amines. The amine-recovering method comprises the steps (A) and (B). In the step (A), the gas or solution is brought into contact with a solid adsorbent so that the adsorbent may retain the amines. In the step (B), the amines retained by the adsorbent in the step (A) are eluted out by use of a basic compound-containing organic solvent. The solid adsorbent has a substituent group represented by —SO3M (M is H or an alkali metal).

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a low temperature plasma probe for desorbing and ionizing at least one analyte in a sample material and methods of use thereof. In one embodiment, the invention generally relates to a low temperature plasma probe including: a housing having a discharge gas inlet port, a probe tip, two electrodes, and a dielectric barrier, in which the two electrodes are separated by the dielectric barrier, in which application of voltage from a power supply generates a low temperature plasma, and in which the low temperature plasma is propelled out of the discharge region by the electric field and/or the discharge gas flow.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for predicting the likelihood of acute kidney injury. An input interface is configured to receive a plurality of features derived from the results of a post-surgical metabolic blood panel and either a pre-surgical metabolic blood panel or a perisurgical metabolic blood panel. A predictive model is configured to calculate a parameter representing a likelihood of acute kidney injury from the plurality of features. A user interface is configured to provide the calculated parameter to a user in a human comprehensible form.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and kits for the detection of 5-hydroxymethylcytosme (5hmC). In some embodiments, the present invention relates to methods and kits for detection of 5hmC in nucleic acid (e.g., DNA, RNA). In some embodiments, the present invention relates to detection of 5hmC in genomic DNA, e.g., mammalian genomic DNA.