Abstract: A transmission method for transmitting a first modulated signal and a second modulated signal in the same frequency at the same time. Each signal has been modulated according to a different modulation scheme. The transmission method applies precoding on both signals using a fixed precoding matrix, applies different power change to each signal, and regularly changes the phase of at least one of the signals, thereby improving received data signal quality for a reception device.

Abstract: iAlert_Enhanced_Alert_Manager enables a user to register an interest in their current location, as well as persons, places and/or things in which the user holds some regard. The iAlert_Enhanced_Alert_Manager provides notification and clarifying information to user's devices concerning events/happenstance that have occurred or are likely to occur within a proximity of registered persons, places, and/or things. The iAlert_Enhanced_Alert_Manager comprises data structures (e.g. an Affinity Table, a SPIN table, a SPIN-List Table, an Affinity-List Table, and a Keyword-List Table) to manage affinities, Spheres of Influence (SPINs), and relationships therebetween that may positively or negatively induce a person. Timely notification of events/happenstance to a user comprises the computation of iEvent-vectors and iAlert-vectors. An iEvent-vector contains fields pertaining to events/happenstance whereas an iAlert-vector comprises information pertaining to notifications.

Abstract: Apparatus, and an associated method for facilitating paging of an access terminal operable in a radio communication system. The access terminal is identified by part of a pseudorandom, or random, number, such as a session seed. The part of the number is included in the page message when the access terminal is to be paged. When included in the message, the access terminal detects the page and the part of the number contained therein that identifies the access terminal.

Abstract: A power management device of a wireless sensor network includes a setting unit, a detecting unit and a selecting unit. The setting unit sets relay nodes to work in a fully-functional operating mode and sets ordinary nodes to work in a semi-functional operating mode. The detecting unit detects whether powers consumptions of multiple relay nodes are lower than a threshold, confirms that a relay node is lack of power when the power of the relay node is lower than a threshold and collects power information and address information of ordinary nodes. The selecting unit selects a new relay node according to the collected power information and address information of the ordinary nodes, and sets the low-power-reserves relay node as an ordinary node. A power management method of the wireless sensor network is also provided.

Abstract: A channel estimation method in a multipath channel, and which includes receiving a signal from a channel having multipath; obtaining information related to the number of paths and synchronization information related to each path from the received signal; estimating a channel using the obtained information related to the number of paths and synchronization information related to each path; calculating a metric using at least one impulse response value of a Square Root Raised Cosine (SRRC) filter and the obtained information; calculating an inverse metric of the calculated metric; and removing an inter-path interference from the estimated channel by multiplying the inverse metric with the estimated channel.

Abstract: A network node jointly precodes multi-user (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmissions simultaneously sent from geographically distributed base stations to a plurality of mobile terminals over associated downlink MU-MIMO channels. The node receives feedback that describes statistics of the downlink MU-MIMO channels, including channel mean and covariance. The node then computes, based on the channel means and covariances, uplink input covariances for the mobile terminals that would collectively maximize a first or second-order approximation of the ergodic capacity of dual uplink MU-MIMO channels, subject to a global transmit power constraint that comprises the sum of individual transmit power constraints for the base stations.

Abstract: In a communication network including a plurality of base stations, a method including the steps of: sending a signal from said base station indicating that it will enter a period of inactivity, to at least one other base station; storing at that least one current parameter(s) relating to interference between base stations and/or updating said parameter(s) for forward use. The parameter(s) may relate to interference between first base station and at least one operationally neighboring base station and may be Background Interference Matrix (BIM) data.

Abstract: The present document provides a method for feeding back channel state information and a user equipment. The method includes: a user equipment determining a second parameter y of a feedback mode according to the number of Channel-State Information-reference signals (CSI-RS) ports configured by a high layer signaling or according to the number of CSI-RS ports and indication information indicating whether to feed back a pre-coding matrix indicator (PMI) and rank indicator (RI); the user equipment determining the feedback mode according to a transmission mode configured by the high layer signaling, a first parameter x of the feedback mode and the second parameter y of the feedback mode; and the user equipment feeding back the channel state information according to the determined feedback mode. The present document improves the system flexibility and performance and reduces the feedback overhead.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for uplink MIMO transmissions in a wireless communication system. In some particular aspects, an E-TFC selection process for selecting a transport format combination for an uplink MIMO transmission may take certain steps in the case that a UE is power- or buffer-limited. For example, in a rank 2 transmission, non-scheduled data is allocated only to the primary stream. If the allocated non-scheduled data is less than the determined primary stream transport block size, scheduled data is allocated to the primary stream in an amount not to exceed the determined primary stream TBS. Finally, scheduled data is allocated to the secondary stream in an amount not to exceed the determined secondary stream TBS.

Abstract: A frequency allocation method and apparatus using a mirroring-assisted frequency hopping pattern is provided for retransmission in a wireless communication system operating in a frequency hopping mode. A frequency mapping method for a wireless communication system operating in a frequency hopping mode includes determining whether or not mirroring is used in accordance with a number of packet transmissions; mapping a frequency resource for a packet transmission based on a result of the determination; and receiving a packet using the mapped frequency resource.

Abstract: In general, the subject matter described in this disclosure can be embodied in methods, systems, and program products for transmitting data over discontiguous portions of radio frequency spectrum. Data that is to be wirelessly transmitted to a remote computing device is received. A first signal that encodes the data across a band of radio frequencies is generated. The first signal is split into multiple signals, each of the multiple signals being associated with a different portion of the band of radio frequencies. Each of the multiple signals is filtered to isolate each respective one of the multiple signals to its associated portion of the band of radio frequencies. At least one of the multiple signals is frequency translated. Each of the multiple signals are combined after the filtering of each of the multiple signals. The second signal is provided for wireless transmission by an antenna.

Abstract: A network interface including a radio frequency system with a component configured for communication with an access point. First, second and third client modules communicate with the access point according to respective wireless communication standards. The first, second and third client modules share the component, such that during respective periods the first, second and third client modules communicate with the access point via the component. The first client module transmits a request signal to the second client module while the second client module is in an idle state and the third client module is in an active state. The request signal requests access to the component. The third client module, in response to the request signal, aborts transmitting of first data to the access point and transmits an acknowledgement signal. The first client module transmits to or receives from the access point second data based on the acknowledgement signal.

Abstract: A system for parallel radio frequency (RF) testing. The system includes a plurality of signal generators, a plurality of signal analyzers, a data bus connected to the plurality of signal generators, and a controller. The controller has a connection to the data bus so as to be in electronic communication with the plurality of signal generators, and has a plurality of point to point links to respective ones of the signal analyzers so as to be in electronic communication with the plurality of signal analyzers.

Abstract: Providing for management of wireless communications in a heterogeneous wireless access point (AP) environment is described herein. By way of example, system data of an over-the-air message can be configured to include information identifying a distinct type of transmitting base station. In some aspects, the information can include an access type of the base station and/or a sector ID for distinguishing the base station among large numbers of other base stations. According to other aspects, the information can include wireless channel resources designated for a particular type of base station, or blanked by the transmitting base station, to facilitate interference reduction on such resources. By employing aspects of wireless communication management disclosed herein, efficient and reliable communication can be affected in large heterogeneous AP networks.

Abstract: A data transmitter is provided for transmitting data that makes it possible for nodes, relaying the preamble transmitted by a transmitter node, to also transmit data to a single destination node without, in turn, transmitting another preamble. In a network comprising a plurality of nodes that alternately observe sleeping and waking periods in an asynchronous manner relative to each other, a node receives a first preamble that is transmitted by at least one transmitter node. The first preamble comprises at least one first set of information related to transmission, by the transmitter node, of a first data set to a destination node. The adjacent node transmits a second data set to the destination node or to another node from the transmission of the first data set.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for communicating four distinct data signals over a single frequency. Data signals carrying first and second data are polarized in two distinct circular polarities and are transmitted. Signals consisting of third data signal and a 180 degree out of phase equal amplitude inverse of third data signal are transmitted together in two orthogonal linear polarities. Signals consisting of fourth data signal and of 180 degree out of phase equal amplitude inverse of said fourth data signal are transmitted together in two orthogonal linear polarities and at a 45 degree rotation from said third data signals. The circular signals are received without interfering linear signals since the inverse linear signals cancel in the circularly polarized antenna at reception. A method for canceling the interfering circular signals from the linear signals is disclosed. The amount of distinct data transmitted over the single frequency is doubled.

Abstract: Method and sensor system for measuring the transmission properties of a first transmission path based on feedback compensation between a first transmitter and a receiver, a compensation signal of a compensation transmitter being received in a superimposed manner in the receiver in addition to the emitted transmission signal of the first transmitter. A supply signal for the first transmitter and a receiver output signal each form a vector in a pre-Hilbert space. A Hilbert projection is performed between the receiver output signal and the supply signal so that a projection image signal is generated. An output signal is formed from the projection image signal. A pre-signal is generated by an inverse transformation of the output signal with the supply signal. A compensation signal for supplying the compensation transmitter is generated from the pre-signal formed in order to achieve feedback control of the receiver output signal.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for operating a cellular communications network including a first base station and a second base station. The method comprises reducing the downlink transmission power of the second base station and increasing the downlink transmission power of the first base station, based upon the level of data traffic being communicated through the second base station; and receiving an initial uplink transmission from a mobile station at the second base station and identifying that the second base station can provide a communications service to the mobile station.

Abstract: The technology in this application compresses multi-antenna complex-valued signals by exploiting both a spatial and a temporal correlation of the signals to remove redundancy within the complex-valued signals and substantially reduce the capacity requirement of backhaul links. At a receiver, the compressed signal is received, and a decompressor decompresses the received signal over space and over time to reconstruct the multiple antenna stream.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for selecting resources for direct device to device (D2D) communications in a cellular communication network. In one embodiment, a downlink resource is selected as a resource for a direct D2D communication link between a first wireless device and a second wireless device if a base station serving each of the first and second wireless devices is equipped with an interference cancellation receiver and both the first and second wireless devices are less than a predefined threshold radio distance from their serving base station. An uplink resource is selected as a resource for the direct D2D communication link if the base station serving each of the first and second wireless devices is equipped with an interference cancellation receiver and at least one of the first and second wireless devices is more than the predefined threshold radio distance from its serving base station.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for selecting resources for direct device to device communications in a cellular communication network. Preferably, resources for the direct device to device communications are selected to minimize, or at least substantially reduce, interference that results from the direct device to device communications in the cellular communication network. In one embodiment, a downlink resource of the cellular communication network is selected as a resource for a direct device to device communication link between a first wireless device and a second wireless device if at least one of the first and second wireless devices is less than a predefined threshold radio distance from a closest base station in the cellular communication network. Otherwise, an uplink resource of the cellular communication network is selected as a resource for the direct device to device communication link between the first and second wireless devices.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure a method for selecting transceivers to provide wireless communication service for a wireless user endpoint comprises determining at least one characteristic of at least one communication channel between a wireless user endpoint and a first plurality of transceivers. The determination of the at least one characteristic is based on a reference signal generated by the wireless user endpoint for reception by the first plurality of transceivers. The method further comprises analyzing the at least one characteristic of the at least one communication channel. The method additionally comprises selecting at least one transceiver of the first plurality of transceivers to provide wireless communication service for the wireless user endpoint. The selection of the at least one transceiver is based on the at least one characteristic of the at least one communication channel.

Abstract: A reach back secure communications terminal includes a modem to satellite interconnect board that captures DTMF tones, demodulates encrypted modem information, and converts both into an ASCII string for presentation to a data port of a satellite phone, allowing out-of-band control of a non-secure satellite system (e.g., AT command control of a data port) by a user on a secure side of an encryption device, by including the ability to interpret control signals and control the satellite system appropriately. A false dial tone is presented to the encryption device, and the data stream coming from the encryption device is monitored for the presence of dual-tone, multi-frequency (DTMF) tones representing control signals, the DTMF tones are converted to ASCII characters, which are in turn received as control signals by the satellite phone, allowing control of the functions of the satellite system directly from the secure side of the encryption device.

Abstract: Example embodiments comprise a diversity receiver, and corresponding method, for measuring a differential phase between a first local oscillator of a first antenna and a second local oscillator of a second antenna in the presence of a primary interference signal and at least one secondary interference signal. The method may comprise receiving a primary communication signal, a primary reference signal and additional reference signals, and processing these signals such that a summation signal does not substantially comprise the at least one secondary interference signal. The estimation of differential phase is achieved by a phase shift calculation between processed signal components, using that a summation of all signal components equals, or is approximately equal to, a predetermined signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used to perform WTRU-WTRU paging in wireless communications. For example, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to page another WTRU. In this example, the paging WTRU may receive a first message that indicates a group identification (ID). The WTRU may receive a second message that may include an indicator that indicates one or more other WTRUs that the paging WTRU may page. If the received indicator matches a paging indicator of the paging WTRU, the paging WTRU may transmit an access signal to one or more other WTRUs. The paging indicator of the paging WTRU may be predetermined, and may be received in a configuration message from a base station (BS). The first message may be a secondary advanced (SA)-preamble.

Abstract: Data may be transmitted from a RAN node to a wireless terminal using a MIMO antenna array. A plurality of unmapped symbol blocks may be generated. Symbols of a first one of the plurality of unmapped symbol blocks may be mapped to first and second mapped symbol blocks so that the first mapped symbol block includes symbols of the first unmapped symbol block and so that the second mapped symbol block includes symbols of the first unmapped symbol block. The symbols of the first and second mapped symbol blocks may be precoded to provide precoded symbols of respective first and second MIMO precoding layers using a MIMO precoding vector. Each of the precoded symbols of the first and second MIMO precoding layers may be transmitted through the MIMO antenna array to the wireless terminal using a same TFRE. Related devices and terminals are also discussed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein include a method implemented by a wireless device for detecting requests to connect to a wireless communications network. The method includes determining a receiver sensitivity that is sufficient, given channel conditions at the device, for the device to detect connection requests. The method then entails dynamically selecting, from among different receiver sensitivity configurations of the device, a configuration that has a receiver sensitivity at least as good as the determined sensitivity and that has less energy consumption than at least one other configuration. Finally, the method includes using the selected configuration for request detection. A wireless device herein thereby reduces its energy consumption when it is disconnected from the network, but intelligently limits the extent of that energy consumption reduction in order to maintain an ability to detect network connection requests.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for receiving uplink transmissions at a plurality of antennas at a base station from a plurality of client stations. Uplink spatial transmissions are analyzed to produce a plurality of direction of arrival (DOA) components associated with the plurality of client stations. The DOA components associated with the plurality of client stations are compared with each other and two or more client stations are selected to participate in an uplink collaborative spatial multiplexing transmission session based on dissimilarities of their DOA components.

Abstract: A magnetic induction system is disclosed, which has antenna diversity at the transmitter side, but which does not require a bidirectional link to pass information regarding received signal quality back to the transmitter. The system uses a time division multiplexing access (TDMA) arrangement, to transmit the same, or correlated, information with a level of redundancy, from two, or more, antenna to at least a receiver. The or each receiver is configured to determine a received signal quality from the channel received from one antenna, and, in response to inadequate signal quality, to switch to another antenna. A receiver, and a transmitter for such a magnetic induction system are also disclosed, as is an associated method. A non-limiting application of such a system is in binaural hearing aids, in which antenna diversity is preferred at the transmitter because of space limitations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Push to talk Over Cellular [PoC] Server for providing PoC communication services in mobile radio communications system, the PoC Server being arranged to perform at least one Controlling PoC Function for a PoC Session between PoC Clients in mobile terminals. The PoC Server is characterized in that it is arranged to: receive a first information indicating the PoC Session priority order for the PoC Session for each of the PoC Clients participating in the PoC Session; receive a second information, if any one of the PoC Clients is also participating in other simultaneous PoC Sessions, indicating the PoC Session priority order for the other simultaneous PoC Sessions for each of the PoC Clients participating in the other simultaneous PoC Sessions; store the first and second information for enabling control of the transmission of Media in the PoC Session based on the first and second information.

Abstract: A communication station uses a plurality of antennas for transmission of orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) symbols. The communication station includes an interleaver to interleave a block of encoded bits of an associated input bit stream for use in generating an output bit stream having a desired code rate. The communication station also includes circuitry to modulate the bits of the output bit stream to generate complex-valued modulation symbols, circuitry to map the modulation symbols for transmit diversity to layers for each of the antennas based on a number of antennas used and to further map the modulation symbols for each antenna onto resource elements, circuitry to cyclically shift the mapped modulation elements, circuitry to provide the cyclically-shifted modulation symbols for transmission by an associated one of the antennas, and circuitry to add a cyclic prefix to the modulation symbols prior to transmission.

Abstract: A method of providing millimeter wave band-based communication connection service, includes measuring a strength of a signal received from at least one base station that forms at least one cell; and storing signal data based on the measured strength of the signal so that the signal data is mapped to the at least one base station. Further, the method includes selecting any one base station from among the at least one base station based on the stored signal data; and connecting communication to the selected base station. Further, the method is performed on a millimeter wave band-based mobile communication terminal.

Abstract: A communication device is described herein that has control (or at least partial control) over which virtual antenna(s) in one or more base stations to use for transmissions. In one embodiment, the mobile phone performs the following steps: (1) receives an antenna subset list (from the scheduling unit) which identifies a configuration of virtual antennas that is associated with the base station(s); (2) uses the antenna subset list to select which virtual antenna(s) in the configuration of virtual antennas to use for transmissions; and (3) sends an antenna selection signal (to the scheduling unit) which contains information that instructs/requests the base station(s)/scheduling unit to use the selected virtual antenna(s) for transmissions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus optimizes transmitter power allocations among a plurality of wireless channels that connect to remote units. The optimizing is effected by the remote units sending information to the base stations regarding the quality of the channels. The apparatus modifies the received information to arrive at operating estimates that account for service grades, and through an iterating process that accounts for probability of actual channel qualities relative to the operating estimates of the channel qualities, allocates the transmitter's power to the different channels.

Abstract: A receiver receives, using a plurality of antennas, a multiplexed signal that includes (i) a first OFDM modulation signal with a subcarrier carrying a symbol including multiplex information and a subcarrier carrying a pilot symbol and a subcarrier carrying a data symbol and (ii) a second OFDM modulation signal with a subcarrier carrying a symbol including multiplex information and a subcarrier carrying the pilot symbol and a subcarrier carrying the data symbol. A decoder uses the symbol including multiplex information and decodes the data symbol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for configuring, for each of one or more ranks in the DAS (distributed antenna system), a codebook for a DAS, including pre-coding matrices for the DAS, wherein the matrices include information on at least one or more antennas used for communication with a specific terminal, from among the whole antenna of the base station which belongs to the DAS, and information on the ratio of electric power allocated to each of the antennas of the base station. The present invention also relates to a method for transmitting a signal which is pre-coded using the thus-configured pre-coding matrices for the DAS.

Abstract: A radio communication system includes transmission/reception devices which perform communication by dynamically switching a first transmission mode and a second transmission mode having a lower quality than the first transmission mode, wherein the transmission/reception devices have a transmission mode decision means which fixes a transmission mode upon communication to the first transmission mode for a given period of time.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices enable spectrum management by identifying, classifying, and cataloging signals of interest based on radio frequency measurements. In an embodiment, signals and the parameters of the signals may be identified and indications of available frequencies may be presented to a user. In another embodiment, the protocols of signals may also be identified. In a further embodiment, the modulation of signals, data types carried by the signals, and estimated signal origins may be identified.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a channel estimation component to determine a channel estimation matrix H for a tone of a multiplicity of tones in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communications signal. The apparatus may further include a processor circuit coupled to the receiver component, and a flow selection component for execution on the processor circuit to calculate a figure of merit for power loss for the received tone based upon the channel estimation matrix, and based upon the calculated figure of merit, perform either a max-log calculation or a maximum likelihood calculation to determine a received signal metric, but not both calculations. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method provides for monitoring and analyzing communications of a monitored user on behalf of a monitoring user, to determine whether the communication includes a violation. For example, SMS messages, MMS messages, IMs, e-mails, social network site postings or voice mails of a child may be monitored on behalf of a parent. In one embodiment, an algorithm is used to analyze a normalized version of the communication, which algorithm is retrained using results of past analysis, to determine a probability of a communication including a violation.

Abstract: A method for configurable spatial channel information feedback in wireless communication systems is disclosed including receiving, at the wireless communication device, transmission from a plurality of antennas, receiving an indication of a feedback mode for feeding back spatial channel information that is based on correlations among at least some of the plurality of antennas, decomposing a correlation matrix representative of the correlations among at least some of the plurality of antennas into at least two Kronecker components, and feeding back parameters representative of the Kronecker components according to the feedback mode indicated.

Abstract: A data transmission method includes, in the mobile station apparatus, selecting a PMI and an RI corresponding to an Hermitian transpose of a channel matrix indicative of channel characteristics and calculating a CQI from the PMI. The method further includes transmitting the PMI, the RI, and the CQI to the base station apparatus as feedback information. The method further includes, in the base station apparatus, calculating a first data rate of a case of performing SU-MIMO transmission based on the PMI transmitted from the mobile station apparatus as feedback and calculating a second data rate of a case of performing ZF MU-MIMO transmission based on the PMI. The method further includes selecting a transmission scheme corresponding to a higher data rate between the first and second data rates.

Abstract: Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with multiple power amplifiers and antennas in a mobile transmitter, such as a user equipment for a cellular telephone communication system, has such great impacts on the transmitter's battery life, form factor, and complexity that it should not be used unless its benefits clearly outweigh its costs. Methods and apparatus enable the benefits of MIMO by beam-forming and antenna-switching to be obtained without incurring the drawbacks of increased current consumption due to multiple power amplifiers.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and products aggregate and distribute changes of state between devices. A plurality of devices communicates with an aggregator. The plurality of devices sends their respective changes of state to the aggregator. The aggregator queries a set of interaction rules to determine how the change of state is disseminated among the plurality of devices.

Abstract: A method for determining a phase of each of a plurality of transmitting antennas in a multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) communication system includes: calculating, for first and second ones of the plurality of transmitting antennas, a value based on first and second groups of channel gains, the first group including channel gains between the first transmitting antenna and each of a plurality of receiving antennas, the second group including channel gains between the second transmitting antenna and each of the plurality of receiving antennas; and determining the phase of each of the plurality of transmitting antennas based on at least the value.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices to enable monitoring of wireless networks are described herein. In some aspects, a low power receiver or a receiver operating in a low power mode scans for signals with a moderate or low duty cycle. If a signal identifying a device or user of the receiver, or a signal indicating that there will be a subsequent data communication, is received, a high power receiver or a receiver operating in a high power mode is activated to receive data communications.

Abstract: The present application discloses a method for reporting channel status information in a multi antenna wireless communication system. In more detail, the method includes: receiving a reference signal from a base station; calculating the optimum precoding matrix index (PMI), at which the intensity of a signal from the base station is maximized, on the basis of the reference signal: determining at least one interference PMI from the base station on the assumption that a plurality of interference PMIs corresponding to the optimum PIM are applied; and transmitting information on at least one determined interference PMI to the base station. Beams corresponding to the plurality of interference PMIs are orthogonal to the beams corresponding to the optimum PMI.

Abstract: When a determination is made that communication by an SM scheme is suitable, a setting unit performs switching from a communication level by an STC scheme to the communication level by the SM scheme, between the communication level at a first level of MCS by the space-time coding scheme and the communication level at a second level of MCS by the SM scheme. When a determination is made that communication by the SM scheme is unsuitable, the setting unit performs switching from the communication level by the STC scheme to the communication level by the spatial multiplexing scheme, between the communication level at a third level of MCS, which is higher than the first level, by the space-time coding scheme and a fourth level of the modulation scheme and the coding rate, which is higher than the second level, by the SM scheme.

Abstract: A system is provided for transmitting a low code rate spatially multiplexed channel on multiple antennas. The system includes a transmitter and a processor. The processor is configured such that the processor encodes a block of information bits to form channel coded bits, wherein the ratio of the number of channel coded bits to the number of information bits is greater than one; and the processor maps the channel coded bits to modulation symbols, and each channel coded bit is mapped once to a modulation symbol. The transmitter is configured to transmit a first portion of the modulation symbols using a spreading sequence on a first antenna of the multiple antennas and to transmit a second portion of the modulation symbols using the spreading sequence on a second antenna of the multiple antennas.

Abstract: Provided is an access point grouping method to be performed in a high speed mobile environment and a communication system using the access point grouping method. A system capacity may be improved by grouping users having different movement speeds with respect to various channel environments classified based on existence of an LOS channel, and by performing beamforming. Channel information with respect to a user moving at a high speed may not be required, and thus overhead may be reduced.