Abstract: An information transmission method, is provided, including, a terminal determines attribute information of uplink information based on a beam identifier, and sends the uplink information to a network side device based on the attribute information. After receiving the uplink information, the network side device determines the beam identifier based on the uplink information. In this process, the terminal implicitly indicates beam IDs of different selected beams by using attribute information of reported uplink information. Different beams correspond to different attribute information of the uplink information. In other words, each beam corresponds to specific attribute information of the uplink information. Implicitly indicating a beam ID to the network side device reduces LTE standardization complexity and reduces signaling overheads.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for optimizing intra-cell beam sweeping based on a service threshold. The system transmits a plurality of beams including a first beam at a first direction. When it is determined that a first feedback from a user device is below a service threshold, the system will associate the first beam with a second direction. Then, the system will transmit the plurality of beams with the first beam at a second direction.

Abstract: Systems and methods for selectively enabling antenna selection at a wireless device for uplink sounding reference signal transmission in a Time Division Duplexing (TDD) wireless communication system are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a network node comprises making a determination as to whether to enable or disable antenna selection at a wireless device for transmission of uplink sounding reference signals based on: an estimated speed of movement of the wireless device; both the estimated speed and a Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) for one or more downlink channels to the wireless device; or the estimated speed, the SINR for the one or more downlink channels, and a rank used for downlink transmission to the wireless device. The method further comprises sending, to the wireless device, an indication that indicates whether the wireless device is to enable or disable antenna selection.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for dynamically modifying an antenna profile to increase network performance. Initially, at a first node communicating using a first wireless communication protocol, such as 4G, locations of a plurality of second nodes communicating using at least second wireless communication protocol, such as 5G, are determined. Performance criteria is analyzed of one of more of the plurality of second nodes. Based on the determined locations and the analyzed performance criteria, the antenna profile is dynamically adjusted to increase a width of a beam associated with the first node.

Abstract: A system and a method for synchronization and link acquisition in cellular wireless systems with directional antennas are disclosed. In an embodiment a method on includes determining, by the UE, a subset of the antennas for communication, using, by the UE, the subset of the antennas to perform a measurement on at least one reference signal from a network controller, reporting, by the UE, channel state information (CSI) based on the measurement on the at least one reference signal and using, by the UE, the subset of the antennas to perform the communication with the network controller.

Abstract: A network interface for use within a distributed antenna system, the network interface including circuitry configured to: receive a downlink digital communication signal from an external device external to the distributed antenna system, wherein a reference clock is embedded in the downlink digital communication signal; generate a master reference clock for the distributed antenna system using the reference clock embedded in the downlink digital communication signal; convert the downlink digital communication signal into a downlink signal; communicate the downlink signal toward a remote antenna unit within the distributed antenna system; and wherein the distributed antenna system is configured to distribute the master reference clock to various components of the distributed antenna system to keep the various components of the distributed antenna system locked to a single clock, wherein the various components of the distributed antenna system include the remote antenna unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a shield wall for shielding multiple individual antenna modules of a massive MIMO antenna from each other. A shield wall according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is formed by a plurality of staple-shaped unit partitions arrayed longitudinally of the shield wall, wherein the unit partitions are designed to have optimal widths and heights according to the frequency band in use, and are arranged at a predetermined interval or less with reference to the frequency band in use, thereby providing an antenna structure which satisfies both the X-POL isolation and CO-POL isolation characteristics and can be easily fabricated in a compact, lightweight design.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for sounding reference signal (SRS) power control for a wireless transmitter/receiver unit (WTRU) are disclosed. These methods and apparatus include methods and apparatus for carrier-specific and carrier-common SRS power control in WTRUs that utilize carrier aggregation techniques. These methods and apparatus also include methods and apparatus for SRS power control in WTRUs utilizing both carrier aggregation and time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques. Additionally, these methods and apparatus include methods and apparatus for SRS power control for WTRUs utilizing multiple input multiple output MIMO operation. Methods and apparatus for SRS overhead reduction and power management in a WTRU are also disclosed.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) or network device such as a Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) node, or V2X device operates to configure sidelink signals with another vehicle or node with resources that can be used for ranging and sidelink communications within a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network or a New Radio (NR) network. The UE/device generate or process a broadcast communication of the sidelink signal via an adaptive antenna array or a directional antenna array and forming a directional radiation pattern from a beam sweeping operation based on geo-location information determined based on a sidelink signal. Depending on the geo-location information coordinates or the position of other vehicles or nodes can be derived to select or configure resources for a sidelink communication, including a Sidelink Ranging Reference Signal (SR-RS) and associated sidelink communication data.

Abstract: A method for transmitting an SRS by a terminal may comprise the steps of: receiving, from a base station, one of an SRS resource indicator (SRI), a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), a synchronization signal block (SSB) identifier, and an uplink transmission configuration indicator (TCI); on the basis of whether the received indicator/identifier includes an indication that the corresponding indicator/identifier is commonly used for an SRS resource group or an indication that the corresponding indicator/identifier is used for a first SRS resource of the SRS resource group, determining whether to use the same transmission beam or use different transmission beams to transmit an SRS in the SRS resource group; on the basis of the determination, determining a transmission beam for the terminal, indicated by the received indicator/identifier; and transmitting the SRS in the first SRS resource on the basis of the transmission beam for the terminal, wherein the SRS resource group includes the first SRS resource and a se

Abstract: A method of creating a timed array from a plurality of phased arrays is provided. The method comprises the steps of: phase steering each phased array to a desired pointing; applying processing to signals received from at least one of the phased arrays, wherein applying processing to the signals comprises applying, based on a reference, an adjustment to the signals from at least one of the phased arrays, such that the processed signals are substantially aligned in time with the reference; and combining the processed signals from each of the phased arrays; wherein the adjustment varies based at least in part on the desired pointing and the relative location of the phased arrays.

Abstract: Systems and processes are provided for a micro ATSC transmitter including a satellite signal decoder configured to decode a satellite broadcast signal to generate a received audio video program, a data decoder configured to decoding a data signal from an ATSC broadcaster, a video processor configured to generate an altered audio video program in response to the received audio video program and the data signal, an ATSC encoder configured to encode the altered audio video program to generate an ATSC broadcast signal, and an ATSC transmitter configured to transmit the ATSC broadcast signal.

Abstract: Techniques to adaptively support/enable a wireless network feature for certain wireless client devices without hampering the performance or connectivity of wireless client devices which do not support that wireless network feature. An access point or wireless network controller adaptively enables a wireless network feature without advertising support for the wireless network feature in a wireless network-standard compliant manner to allow one or more wireless clients that support the wireless network feature to use the wireless network feature when associated to the access point while enabling association of one or more wireless clients that do not support the wireless network feature.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for generating a frame for communication using beamforming in a wireless communication system are provided. A method for transmitting a signal in a transmitting stage includes determining a beam change time of a region for transmitting information in a frame, and transmitting the information to a receiving stage over the region for transmitting the information by considering the beam change time. The frame includes a plurality of regions divided based on a type of the information transmitted to the receiving stage, and the plurality of the regions includes different beam change times.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for dynamically adjusting broadcast beam patterns of a wavefront emitted by an antenna array based on the types of devices communicatively coupled to the base station associated with the antenna array. The broadcast beam patterns can be adjusted by modifying the broadcast mode or at least one phase, amplitude, or power of the at least one antenna associated with the base station. Adjusting the beam pattern, for example between multiple beams and a single unified beam, based on device types can improve the quality of service for the devices and reduce the processing burden of the base station.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for initial access are described herein. A method may comprise receiving a signal in associated time and frequency resources. The signal may have an associated subcarrier spacing and an associated beam, and the signal may include synchronization signals and bits of a master information block. The method may further comprise determining control channel characteristics based on the signal. The characteristics may include a beam of at least one control channel and a location of the at least one control channel. The method may further comprise receiving a transmission over the at least one control channel based on the determined control channel characteristics.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for dynamic management of antenna arrays are provided herein. In certain configurations, a radio frequency (RF) system includes an antenna array including a plurality of antenna elements. The RF system further includes a plurality of signal conditioning circuits operatively associated with the antenna elements, and an antenna array management circuit that generates a plurality of enable signals that individually control activation of the signal conditioning circuits to dynamically manage the antenna array. The array of antenna elements can be dynamically managed to control a trade-off between power consumption, off-beam capture, and communication range/rate.

Abstract: Provided is an antenna structure that can be attached with ease and is likely to blend into environments. An antenna structure 1 includes: plural antenna elements 10 configured individually and arranged discretely; and a base 60 which adheres to at least side surfaces of the antenna elements 10, in which the plural antenna elements 10 are embedded and fixed, and which forms a plate-like outer shape.

Abstract: In the present invention, disclosed are a method and terminal for performing beam management in a wireless connection system. In particular, the terminal comprises a radio frequency (RF) unit and a processor, and the processor controls the RF unit to receive information including a beam management region from a base station, wherein the beam management region may comprise a reference signal (RS) and preamble region, a first transition time region for transmission beam steering, and a second transition time region for reception beam steering.

Abstract: Optimal determination of wireless network pathway configurations may be provided. A computing device may establish Multi-Access Point (AP) coordination between at least a first AP and a second AP. The first AP can determine an uplink operation is scheduled. When an uplink is scheduled, the first AP can switch its antenna to a narrow beamwidth. The first AP can then receive uplink transmissions from at least a client in the coverage area of the narrow beamwidth. After the uplink transmission, the first AP can then switch the antenna to a larger beamwidth for a next Multi-AP coordination operation.

Abstract: Provided is a mechanism that enables appropriate resource setting with respect to a terminal device including a plurality of antenna panels. A communication device includes: a plurality of antenna panels (70) each including one or more antennas; and a control section (240) that reports, to a base station, report information regarding the number of beams that are transmittable or receivable in a same time resource on the basis of configurations of a plurality of the antenna panels.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A wireless device may utilize different beam configurations for different signal types, traffic demand, path loss, capabilities of the wireless device or other wireless devices in the system, and the like. The wireless device also may be capable of determining different duplexing modes, which may be utilized in addition to the different beam configurations. The duplexing mode may be based on received measurement reports (e.g., from one or more reference signals) or in some instances, the duplexing mode may be determined by another node (e.g., a core network node, a base station) and transmitted to the wireless device.

Abstract: A wireless communication method is provided in which beam training phases alternate with data transmission phases. The method includes estimating a first channel based on a signal received using one or more first training beams in a first beam training phase, and calculating, based on the estimated first channel and a first objective function corresponding to the estimated first channel, a first data beam for a first data transmission phase from the one or more first training beams in the first beam training phase, the first data transmission phase following the first beam training phase.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used in multi-AP and multi-wireless transmit/receive unit joint transmissions. The apparatus may be configured to transmit a joint transmission request on a first medium, and receive a joint transmission response on the first medium. In response, the apparatus my perform a joint transmission negotiation on a second medium and transmit data on the second medium based on the joint transmission negotiation. The apparatus may be configured to perform coordinated sectorized or beamformed transmissions through access point (AP)/PCP negotiations. The apparatus may provide an indication of support for joint transmission and coordinated sectorized or beamformed transmissions. The method and apparatus may also implement multi-AP/WTRU request-to-send (RTS)/clear-to-send (CTS) procedures. The apparatus may be configured to perform coordinated sectorized or beamforming grouping.

Abstract: The present disclosure involves determining base station (BS) beams for communicating between a UE and the BS. The BS may use sensor data or beam management reporting history to assist with determining one or more appropriate beams. The sensor data may include camera images, radar data, or lidar data, and be used to model the cell environment served by the BS. The BS may obtain reporting data from multiple UEs over time indicating the quality of beams received by the UEs at various locations in the cell environment and model the cell environment based on the reporting data. The BS may associate beams with possible UE locations within the cell environment and use the associations to determine beams for communicating with a UE after determining the UE's location.

Abstract: New base station antenna systems may detect service affecting environmental changes, integrate to standardized computing platform and cellular wireless modem, transform BSA into an independent communications hub and generate test calls, reducing drive tests. A BSA includes a panel that includes a ground plane, at least a first array that includes multiple radiating elements, at least one sensor that is configured to sense an environmental condition corresponding to the base station antenna and to generate an environmental condition signal that corresponds to the environmental condition, a circuit device that includes a communication interface that is communicatively coupled to the at least one sensor and that is operable to receive the environmental condition signal from the at least one sensor, and a wireless transmitter that is communicatively coupled to the circuit device and that is operable to transmit message data corresponding to the environmental condition signal to a remote receiver.

Abstract: Communication efficiency can be enhanced during multiplex communication. A radio control station apparatus includes a multi-beam antenna unit capable of controlling each of a plurality of beam performances and an RF system for transmission. The RF system further includes a multiplexing unit configured to perform multiplexing by using a plurality of frequency channels or a plurality of sub-carriers, allocates at least one of the plurality of different frequency channels or at least one of the plurality of different sub-carriers to each of transmit signals to be transmitted to the plurality of radio terminal apparatuses, multiplexes the above allocated frequency channels or sub-carriers in the multiplexing unit, and transmits the multiplexed signal through the multi-beam antenna unit using a plurality of beams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for an infotainment system. The infotainment system has a computing unit, on which a first operating system is installed and can be executed. The device has a computing unit, on which a second operating system is installed and can be executed. Radio-supported communication with the Internet can be carried out using the second operating system. The device has at least one generic interface to the infotainment system, whereby applications designed for the second operating system can be provided using the infotainment system.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A first wireless node may establish a wireless connection between the first wireless node and a second wireless node in a wireless backhaul communications network. The first wireless node may identify, at the first wireless node, a need for additional resources for wireless communications with a third wireless node. The first wireless node may transmit a request message to the second wireless node indicating that resources are requested at the first wireless node. The first wireless node may receive an indication of one or more available resources from the second wireless node. The first wireless node may select one or more of the available resources for wireless communications with the third wireless node.

Abstract: A calibration device of an array antenna is for a transmission means including a plurality of antenna elements and transmission signal processing systems corresponding to the plurality of antenna elements, in which an antenna element transmission signal is calibrated for amplitude and phase differences and a time difference for each of the antenna elements on the basis of a transmission signal calibrating value, the transmission means being for generating a plurality of transmission radio waves applied with amplitude and phase differences and a time difference corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna elements and emitting the transmission radio waves from the respective antenna elements, the calibration device including: a multicarrier calibration signal generating means for generating a plurality of calibration signals based on, in correspondence, a plurality of subcarriers including a first frequency unit of a subcarrier to which a subcarrier symbol is assigned and a second frequency unit not assig

Abstract: A network node is operable in a wireless communication network, and a wireless device (201) being associated with a serving beam (#4) managed by a radio network node associated with the network node. The method comprises obtaining (120) a position of the wireless device, wherein the position of the wireless device is associated with an expected beam. When the serving beam and the expected beam are different from each other thereby resulting in a deviation, the method comprises determining (140) whether the deviation has occurred at least more than once. When the deviation has occurred at least more than once, the method comprises issuing (160) a notification indicating that the expected beam is at least partially obscured with respect to transmissions for the wireless device.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems for assisted channel approximation wireless communication of a supercell base station are disclosed. One apparatus includes a wireless network, wherein the wireless network includes a supercell base station comprising a plurality of antennas, a plurality of user devices, wherein the plurality of user devices is located too far away to support omnidirectional electromagnetic communication with the supercell base station, and a separate communication device located proximate to the plurality of user devices. The separate communication device operates to receive omnidirectional wireless signals from the supercell base station, characterized a transmission channel between the supercell base station and the separate communication device, and directionally transmit the characterized channel back to the base station.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to an analog beamforming antenna for millimeter wavelength applications. The analog beamforming antenna includes a superelement antenna array layer comprising an array of superelements, in which each superelement includes a coupling aperture oriented at a predetermined non-orthogonal angle relative to a plurality of radiating slots for radiating a transmission signal. The analog beamforming antenna also includes a power division layer configured to serve as a feed to the superelement antenna array layer, in which the power division layer comprising a plurality of phase control elements configured to apply different phase shifts to transmission signals propagating to the superelement antenna array layer. The analog beamforming antenna also includes a top layer disposed on the superelement antenna array layer. The top layer may include a superstrate or a metamaterial antenna array. Other examples disclosed herein include a radar system for use in an autonomous driving vehicle.

Abstract: A mobile communication device includes a processor positioned on a first printed circuit board, a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC), and an antenna module. The antenna module includes a second printed circuit board, a first antenna and a second antenna positioned on the second printed circuit board, and a plurality of front-end chips positioned on the second printed circuit board. The plurality of front-end chips include a first front-end chip electrically connecting the RFIC and the first antenna, and a second front-end chip electrically connecting the RFIC and the second antenna.

Abstract: Technologies directed to coordinated dynamic analog beamforming are described. One method includes receiving, by a digital controller of a first wireless device, a data packet, the data packet comprising a destination address of a second wireless device. The method further includes retrieving, from memory, beamformer configuration data associated with the destination address, the beamformer configuration data comprising a phase shifter angle value for a radiation pattern. The method sends, to a beamformer circuit, the phase shifter angle value, the beamformer circuit comprises a power splitter and a set of phase shifters (e.g., at least four). The method causes the set of phase shifters to steer the radiation pattern of electromagnetic energy, radiated by an antenna array of elements, at the phase shifter angle value and sends the data packet to the second wireless device via the antenna array.

Abstract: Provided are phytase mutants, preparation methods therefor and uses thereof, DNA molecule encoding each of the phytase mutants, a vector comprising the DNA molecule, and a host cell comprising the vector.

Abstract: There is provided a method in a node in a first access network, the method comprising sending (710) a first set of thresholds and/or conditions to a terminal, the first set of thresholds and/or conditions defining situations in which (a) the terminal should send a measurement report to the first access network with respect to a second access network, or (b) the terminal should connect to the second access network and/or steer at least some traffic to the second access network; and sending (720) a second set of thresholds and/or conditions to the terminal, the second set of thresholds and/or conditions defining situations in which, (c) the terminal should send a measurement report to the first access network regarding at least the second access network or (d) the terminal should disconnect from the second access network and/or connect to the first access network and/or steer at least some traffic to the first access network.

Abstract: An embodiment of an antenna includes first and second transmission lines, first antenna elements, and second antenna elements. The first transmission line is configured to guide a first signal such that the first signal has a characteristic of a first value, and the second transmission line is configured to guide a second signal such that the second signal has the same characteristic but of a second value that is different than the first value. The first antenna elements are each disposed adjacent to the first transmission line and are each configured to radiate the first signal in response to a respective first control signal, and the second antenna elements are each disposed adjacent to the second transmission line and are each configured to radiate the second signal in response to a respective second control signal. Such an antenna can have better main-beam and side-lobe characteristics, and a better SIR, than prior antennas.

Abstract: An optical reception terminal includes a plurality of matrix filters (40, 41) respectively provided for a plurality of modes and configured to perform polarization separation and equalization on a coherently received signal in a corresponding mode, and two combining filters (50, 51) respectively provided for two polarizations and configured to combine signals in corresponding polarization among signals output from the plurality of matrix filters (40, 41) after weighting the signals. Filter coefficients of the plurality of matrix filters (40, 41) and weighting coefficients of the two combining filters (50, 51) are controlled based on a deviation from a desired state of both signals in two polarizations after combining by the two combining filters (50, 51), so as to minimize a sum of deviations.

Abstract: A sensing screen, a control circuit and control method thereof, and a sensing screen apparatus are provided. The sensing screen includes a display screen, a first transparent medium layer, a transparent connection layer, and an antenna layer. The antenna layer includes multiple antenna units, and the antenna units include at least one first antenna unit and multiple second antenna units. The first antenna unit is configured to transmit a sensing signal, the second antenna units are configured to receive reflected signals of the sensing signal, and the reflected signals are generated by a touch object by reflecting the sensing signal. According to the present application, the antenna layer is arranged right above the display screen, so that a touch area of the sensing screen is fully utilized while screen display is not affected, so as to substantially increase an antenna size and increase an antenna gain.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems for overlaying a coverage area of a cellular wireless network with a coverage area of a sectorization base station are disclosed. One method includes providing, by a plurality of cellular base stations, wireless access to a plurality of wireless devices over a coverage area, providing, by a sectorization base station, wireless communication to the plurality of wireless devices over at least the coverage area, each sector of a plurality of antennas of the sectorization base station operates to cover a selectable coverage area as determined by a width of a beamforming pattern, identifying locations of each of the plurality of wireless devices, and selecting beamforming parameters of the beamforming pattern based at least on the locations of the plurality of wireless devices, wherein the selected beamforming parameters control at least a sector selection and the width of the beamforming pattern of the sector.

Abstract: This disclosure generally relates to systems, devices, apparatuses, products, and methods for wireless communication. For example, a user equipment (UE) device within a wireless communication system may select a desired number of antenna elements for receiving a communication from another device based on a channel quality determination. The UE receives a first signal from a transmitting device using a first beam. The UE determines a channel quality metric and compares the channel quality metric with a channel quality threshold. The UE adjusts a number of antenna elements used for beamformed wireless communication between the transmitting device and the UE based on the comparison between the channel quality metric and the channel quality threshold. Based on this adjustment, the UE receives a second signal from the transmitting device using a second beam that has a different number of antenna elements than the first beam.

Abstract: A wireless-access point includes a first radio to transmit RF signals in a first channel; a second radio to transmit, simultaneously to transmissions of the RF signals by the first radio, RF signals in a second, non-overlapping channel; and a plurality of planar antennas coupled with corresponding first and second radios to receive the RF signals. First and second planar antennas are coupled with the first radio to receive therefrom, in the first channel, a first RF signal and a second RF signal, respectively. The first planar antenna is arranged with its normal along a first direction. The second planar antenna is arranged with its normal along a second, different direction. A third planar antenna is coupled with the second radio to receive therefrom a third RF signal in the second channel, the third planar antenna being arranged with its normal along a third direction.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a system having an antenna for launching, according to a signal, a first electromagnetic wave to induce a propagation of a second electromagnetic wave along a transmission medium, the second electromagnetic wave having a non-fundamental wave mode and a non-optical operating frequency. A reflective plate is spaced a distance behind the antenna relative to a direction of the propagation of the second electromagnetic wave. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a method for managing a wave beam, a terminal device and a network device. The method comprises: a terminal device sending, to a first network device, characteristic information about each wave beam in a first wave beam set, wherein the first wave beam set comprises at least one wave beam, and the characteristic information is used for the first network device to determine a target wave beam; the terminal device receiving indication information sent by the first network device, wherein the indication information is used for indicating the target wave beam determined by the first network device; and the terminal device performing wave beam management according to the target wave beam.

Abstract: Described herein is a calibration circuit for a multiple element antenna with two or more antenna transmit and receive elements. In some examples the multi-element antenna may also include a beamforming network that combine the multiple antenna radiating element inputs and outputs with controlled phase and amplitude relationships such that spatial beams can be formed by varying the phase and amplitudes of two or more signals applied to antenna input ports for the antenna. The calibration circuit of this disclosure may be used to obtain data to determine phase and amplitude offsets induced by the combined transmission elements, and any phase and amplitude offsets induced by the transmitter or receiver circuitry. The determined phase and amplitude offsets may then be removed from received signal measurements and compensated for in transmit signal generation.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for configuring a front end to process multiple sectors with multiple radio frequency frames. In an exemplary embodiment, a method includes decoding instructions included in a job description list, and configuring one or more processing functions of a transceiver to process a radio signal associated with a selected sector based on the decoded instructions. The configuration of the processing functions is synchronized according to time control instructions included in the job description list.

Abstract: The present invention provides a signal transmission method, a network device, a terminal device, and a communication system. The signal transmission method comprises: a network device sends a first synchronization signal of a first cell by using a first been, the first synchronization signal carrying identifier information of the first beam; the network device sends, by using the first beam, a first broadcast message scrambled by means of the identifier information of the first beam; a terminal device receives a first synchronization signal sent by the network device, and obtaining the identifier information of the first beam carried in the first synchronization signal; and the terminal device detects the first broadcast message according to the identifier information of the first beam. The signal transmission method, the network device, the terminal device and the communication system in the present invention, signal transmission quality can be improved.

Abstract: A radio frequency system, a method for controlling antenna switching, and related products are provided. The radio frequency system supports a simultaneous downlink reception with four antennas and includes m antennas, a radio frequency processing circuit, and a radio frequency transceiver coupled with the radio frequency processing circuit. The m antennas are divided into at least two antenna groups, where m is greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 8. The radio frequency processing circuit is coupled with the at least two antenna groups and includes modules which are the same in number as the at least two antenna groups. Each module is coupled with one antenna group and is disposed adjacent to the antenna group with which the module is coupled. The modules include at least one transmitting module, or at least one transmitting module and at least one receiving module.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments relate to modular antenna systems. In one example, an antenna system includes M user terminal elements, each being application-agnostic and including an antenna either to generate an incoming signal in response to incident satellite radio waves or to transmit an outgoing signal, and an active circuit to process the incoming and outgoing signals, a control circuit to control the processing performed by the M active circuits, and N user terminal modules (UTM) each including a daisy-chain of O of the M active circuits, each UTM further including a buffer placed after every P active circuits in order to correct any degradation that has occurred in the daisy-chain, and wherein M can be adjusted so that an antenna area and a corresponding throughput and bandwidth available to an application are adjustable and scalable.