Abstract: Radio network node comprises a plurality of antenna sub arrays, forming a multiple antenna array which is configured for beamforming, spatial multiplexing and Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO, transmission/reception, and further comprising an antenna base band processing unit and a central base band processing unit. The radio network node further comprises a plurality of antenna active modules, wherein each active antenna module is connected to one of the antenna sub arrays, comprised in the multiple antenna array, and wherein each active antenna module is configured for pre-processing of signals over the respective antenna sub array, before any forwarding of signals is made to the central base band processing unit.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to beam refinement during a RACH procedure. A NB may receive a message via a first beam from a UE as part of a RACH procedure and may transmit at least one signal for beam refinement during the RACH procedure. A UE may transmit, to a NB, a message via a first beam as part of a RACH procedure and may receive, from the NB, at least one signal for beam refinement during the RACH procedure. Any directional signal beam may be used for beam refinement as described herein.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a user equipment (UE) receives a beam-formed paging message based on a feedback, which is transmitted by the UE to a network. The UE receives, in a first period, a paging indicator via multiple beams from a network node, and selects a beam from the multiple beams. Then, the UE transmits, in a second period, a feedback indicating the selected beam to the network node via the selected beam, and monitors, in a third period, the selected beam to acquire a paging message from the network node.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems relating to narrow beam communications and wireless networking are disclosed. Exemplary methods for wireless networking and communications may include identifying a geographic area, receiving location data relating to the geographic area, receiving network performance data, analyzing the location data and the network performance data, identifying a first access point in the geographic area based at least in part on the analyzing, and adjusting a narrow beam communication device a predetermined amount relating to the first access point based at least in part on the analyzing.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of operating a transmitter arrangement for a wireless communication network, the transmitter arrangement adapted for beamforming. The method comprises determining a maximum power level mask for the power of transmission and/or beams in a critical angular interval, the maximum power level mask covering at least the critical angular interval and controlling beamforming based on the maximum power level mask.

Abstract: There is provided a method for handling mobility synchronization measurements. The method is performed by a wireless device. The method comprises receiving an indication to perform mobility measurements on a set of transmission beams associated with a unique identity. The method comprises checking if the unique identity has previously been stored by the wireless device. The method comprises, if the unique identity has not previously been stored by the wireless device, performing mobility measurements on the set of transmission beams to determine synchronization information of the set of transmission beams. The method comprises storing the unique identity and the synchronization information of the mobility measurements.

Abstract: It is provided a method, including coupling respective portions of a transmission resource to fixed beams in a 1:1 relationship such that the portions coupled to different fixed beams do not overlap, wherein the transmission resource is foreseen for transmission by the cell, each of the fixed beams is defined by a fixed beam weight vector, and a number of the fixed beams is predefined and equal to or larger than 2; allocating one of the fixed beams and the portion of the transmission resource coupled to the one of the fixed beams to a terminal; configuring a transmitting device to transmit to the terminal in the fixed beam and the portion of the transmission resource allocated to the terminal.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes various embodiments for detecting and/or localizing a passive intermodulation distortion signal in a radio frequency system having multiple transmit and/or receive paths.

Abstract: A method and a radio network node for estimating channel quality for a downlink transmission to a user equipment. The radio network node operates a first sector and a second sector. The radio network node is configured to send CSI-RS in the first and second sectors. The radio network node receives uplink reference signals, and determines a command based on the uplink reference signals, wherein the command indicates one of said at least one radio resource to be configured for CSI-RS. The radio network node sends the command to the user equipment, and receives a set of CSI reports, wherein the reports are generated by the user equipment according to the command. The radio network node receives further uplink reference signals from the user equipment, and estimates channel quality for the downlink transmission based on the set of CSI reports and the further uplink reference signals.

Abstract: An antenna port mapping method and apparatus, where the method includes performing first weighted processing and second weighted processing separately on first multichannel signal to be sent in a first polarization direction, and forming two beams in the first polarization direction after an antenna array radiates the processed first multichannel signal; and performing third weighted processing and fourth weighted processing separately on second multichannel signal to be sent in a second polarization direction, and forming two beams in the second polarization direction after the antenna array radiates the processed second multichannel signal. The method implements mapping of the antenna array to four antenna ports, thereby extending an application scenario of antenna port mapping.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for implementing unique multi-band service discovery protocols between communicating devices, including wireless communicating devices supporting operations according to multiple standards and in different frequency bands, particularly in peer-to-peer or ad hoc networking schemes. The disclosed systems and methods define within each service discovery frame, whether a service discovery query or a service discovery response, an indication of the frequency band and/or channel that may support a specific service indicated by the service discovery frame. Cooperating communicating devices between which communications are to be established supporting a specific service protocol are provided with a mechanism by which to identify which common frequency bands and/or channels the communicating devices may communicate in executing the specific service.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a wireless communication device includes controlling circuitry configured to adjust a directivity of each of a plurality antennas based on a received power of a first frame for each of the plurality of antennas; and a transmitter configured to transmit a second frame for responding to the first frame after the directivity is adjusted.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method, a user equipment and a base station for determining a PMI. The method includes: receiving a reference signal set sent by a base station; based on the reference signal set, selecting a precoding matrix from a codebook, the codebook at least including a non-constant modulus precoding matrix, the non-constant modulus precoding matrix at least including a non-constant modulus column vector, amplitude values of at least two elements of the non-constant modulus column vector forming a symmetrical sequence; and sending a PMI to the base station, the PMI corresponding to the selected precoding matrix. According to the method, the user equipment and the base station for determining PMI, because the non-constant modulus precoding matrix included in the adopted codebook can adjust the shape of a beam, antennas may focus power on a hotspot region, and thus a load balance may be effectively realized.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to coordinating the pilot sequences that are used by several wireless devices being served by one or more network nodes. In particular it relates to coordinating pilot signals used by adjacent cells or by cells within a limited area. The disclosure also relates to a pilot coordination unit, to a network node, to a wireless device and to corresponding methods and computer programs. The disclosure proposes a method performed in a pilot coordination unit (120) in a communication system, for coordinating pilot sequences used by several wireless devices (10a, 10b) served by one or more network nodes (110a, 110b). The method comprises obtaining (S12), estimated angles of arrival, of the wireless devices (10a, 10b), in the corresponding serving network nodes (110a, 110b). The method further comprises allocating (S14) pilot sequences, to be used by the wireless devices (10a, 10b) based on the obtained estimated angles of arrival.

Abstract: [Object] To make it possible to use a combination of subarrays desirable for multilayer MIMO. [Solution] Provided is an apparatus, including: an acquiring unit configured to acquire subarray information indicating a plurality of subarrays usable for multilayer Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO); and a control unit configured to notify a terminal apparatus of the subarray information.

Abstract: A distributed beamforming communication system including independent aerial nodes forming an antenna array is described. Described herein is a distributed beamforming array which utilizes independent aerial relay nodes or platforms (i.e. no strict control of relay node position, no communication between the relay nodes, and no coordinated transmission among the relay nodes) to form a distributed beamforming antenna.

Abstract: A wireless communications method and a wireless communications system are disclosed. In an embodiment, the system includes a transmit end including a transmit module having at least two antenna units, the transmit module is configured to transmit M narrow beams with different spatial directions according to a quality of service requirement, and switches a transmit mode according to a preset switching rule, wherein a set of the spatial directions of the M narrow beams forms a transmit mode; a receive end including a receive module having at least two antenna units, the receive module is configured to receive N beams according to the QoS requirement, and a transmission channel is formed, wherein the receive end calculates transmission channel quality in different transmit modes, searches for a transmit mode that meets the QoS requirement, and feeds back the transmit mode to the transmit end.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory for storing instructions to be executed by the processor, wherein the at least one memory and the instructions are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least: to receive and process a data transmission related to a communication channel allocated to a device-to-device broadcast communication, to determine an occupation state related to the received data transmission, to prepare an occupation indication related to the determined occupation state, and to conduct a processing for transmitting the occupation indication.

Abstract: A method (20) of scheduling performed by a network node (3) is disclosed. The network node (3) comprises a distributed local oscillator architecture in which elements (181, . . . , 18i, . . . , 18N) of an antenna array (14) have at least partly uncorrelated local oscillator signals, and the network node (3) has wireless connectivity to at least two transmitter nodes (2a, 2b). The method (20) comprises calculating (21) a phase noise value between one or more layers received in each element (181, . . . , 18i, . . . , 18N) from a first transmitter node (2a) and one or more layers received in each element (181, . . . , 18i, . . . , 18N) from a second transmitter node (2b), and determining (22) a scheduling allocation for the at least two transmitter nodes (2a, 2b), taking the calculated phase noise value into account. A network node (3), computer program and computer program product are also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used in multi-AP and multi-wireless transmit/receive unit joint transmissions. The apparatus may be configured to transmit a joint transmission request on a first medium, and receive a joint transmission response on the first medium. In response, the apparatus my perform a joint transmission negotiation on a second medium and transmit data on the second medium based on the joint transmission negotiation. The apparatus may be configured to perform coordinated sectorized or beamformed transmissions through access point (AP)/PCP negotiations. The apparatus may provide an indication of support for joint transmission and coordinated sectorized or beamformed transmissions. The method and apparatus may also implement multi-AP/WTRU request-to-send (RTS)/clear-to-send (CTS) procedures. The apparatus may be configured to perform coordinated sectorized or beamforming grouping.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for training and deploying machine-learned communication over multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) channels.

Abstract: Post-amble processing of a beam forming packet may utilize different sector rotation speeds at different wireless communication devices. Power measurements may be captured for individual sectors of an antenna array with respect to a complete rotation of antenna sectors at another wireless communication device. The power measurements may be evaluated to identify a sector for directing a millimeter wave beam between the different wireless communication devices. In some embodiments, a second packet may be transmitted back using the identified sector to determine another sector for directing the millimeter wave beam between the different wireless communication devices.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a channel state information (CSI) feedback method and apparatus, user equipment, and a base station. The method, performed by a user equipment device, includes: pre-synchronizing, between the user equipment device and a base station, a basis matrix that includes sparsity of CSI in a frequency domain and a space domain; receiving pilot information from the base station; determining, according to the pilot information, a CSI information matrix that includes information about the frequency domain and the space domain of CSI; determining the data by using the CSI information matrix; and feeding back the data to the base station, so that the base station restores the corresponding CSI information from the data by using the basis matrix.

Abstract: A system and method for designing a fiber optic network for a plurality of premises in a geographic area that has existing infrastructure where the existing infrastructure can be used as geographic locations for nodes and arcs in the fiber optic network. The method and system receive inputs for the fiber optic network based on allocated bandwidth, the premises in the geographic area and, data indicative of the existing infrastructure that can be used as geographic locations for nodes and said arcs in the fiber optic network, and optimizing geographic locations of nodes and arcs in the fiber optic network relative to said existing infrastructure.

Abstract: A base station apparatus in a point-to-multi point radio communication system includes a directional antenna, a terminal station apparatus direction calculator, an antenna direction calculator, and an antenna direction adjuster. The directional antenna has directivity. The terminal station apparatus direction calculator calculates directions of the plurality of terminal station apparatuses relative to a position of the base station apparatus based on positions of the plurality of terminal station apparatuses and the position of the base station apparatus. The antenna direction calculator calculates a direction toward which the directional antenna should be oriented based on the directions of the plurality of terminal station apparatuses, channel quality of each of the plurality of terminal station apparatuses, necessary channel quality indicating the channel quality required by each of the plurality of terminal station apparatuses, and a directional pattern of the directional antenna.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed in the detailed description include supporting an add-on remote unit(s) (RU) in an optical fiber-based distributed antenna system (DAS) over existing optical fiber communications medium using radio frequency (RF) multiplexing. An existing DAS comprises at least one existing head end equipment (HEE) communicatively coupled to a plurality of existing RUs through an existing optical fiber communications medium. In aspects disclosed herein, an add-on RU is added to the existing DAS to support additional wireless communications. No new optical fibers are required to be deployed to support communications to the add-on RU in the existing DAS. Instead, the existing DAS is configured to support the add-on RU through the existing optical fiber communications medium using RF multiplexing. As a result, the add-on RU can be added to the existing optical fiber-based DAS without adding new optical fibers, thus leading to reduced service disruptions and deployment costs.

Abstract: A laminar phased array has a plurality of receive elements and dual transmit/receive elements supported on a substrate. The plurality of receive elements and dual transmit/receive elements form a patch array across the substrate. As such, the receive elements and dual transmit/receive elements form an array of patch antennas on the substrate. The phased array also has a plurality of integrated circuits supported on the substrate. At least a first set of the plurality of integrated circuits is configured to control receipt of signals by the receive elements. In a corresponding manner, at least a second set of the plurality of integrated circuits is configured to control receipt and transmission of signals by the dual transmit/receive elements.

Abstract: An electronic device iteratively determines an optimal transmit antenna radiation pattern and an optimal receive antenna radiation pattern based on a feedback process with a second electronic device. First, the electronic device transmits outgoing messages to the second electronic device using a set of transmit antenna radiation patterns having different transmit spatial orientations. Based on throughput feedback from the second electronic device, the electronic device selects the optimal transmit antenna radiation pattern. Then, based on throughputs for incoming messages from the second electronic device that were received using a set of receive antenna radiation patterns having different receive spatial orientations, the electronic device selects the optimal receive antenna radiation pattern. Note that the transmit antenna radiation pattern and the receive antenna radiation pattern may reduce or eliminate interference between the electronic device and the second electronic device.

Abstract: There is provided mechanisms for selectively serving either one sector in an N sector system or two sectors in a 2·N sector system, where N?1, using an antenna array comprising at least 4 antenna columns, where each antenna column comprising physical antenna elements. A method comprises generating at least one virtual antenna port pair per sector using the physical antenna elements. Each virtual antenna port in the at least one virtual antenna port pair is obtained by combining physical antenna elements having orthogonal polarization such that two virtual antenna ports in each virtual antenna port pair have identical power radiation patterns and orthogonal polarizations, and at least one antenna element per polarization has a non-zero weight. The method comprises transmitting signals using the at least one virtual antenna port pair per sector in one sector in the N sector system or in two sectors in the 2·N sector system.

Abstract: A method for operating a centralized controller in a communications network with a plurality of transmission points includes generating a plurality of overlays for the communications network in accordance with first mutual intercell interference levels for transmission point pairs in the communications network, wherein each overlay of the plurality of overlays comprises virtual transmission points, and selecting a first overlay of the plurality of overlays in accordance with a merit measure derived from first user equipments (UEs) operating in the communications network tentatively scheduled to each overlay of the plurality of overlays. The method also includes scheduling a first subset of the first UEs operating in the communications network during a first resource unit in accordance with the selected first overlay.

Abstract: Non-linear or linear precoding is used to create separate areas of coherence to different users. Limited feedback techniques may also be employed to send channel state information (CSI) from the plurality of users to the MU-MAS. In some embodiments, a codebook is built based on basis functions that span the radiated field of a transmit array. Additionally, the precoding may be continuously updated to create non-interfering areas of coherence to the users as the wireless channel changes due to Doppler effect. Moreover, the size of the areas of coherence may be dynamically adjusted depending on the distribution of users.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are described for providing network access services to mobile users via mobile terminals over a satellite system. In embodiments, dynamic multiplexing of traffic from fixed terminals and mobile users on the same satellite beam can take advantage of statistical multiplexing of large numbers of users and on different usage patterns between fixed terminals and mobile users. In embodiments, quality-of-service (QoS) is controlled for mobile devices at a per-user level. Mobile users may be provisioned on the satellite system according to a set of traffic policies based on their service level agreement (SLA). System resources of the satellite may be allocated to mobile users based on the demand of each mobile user and the set of traffic polices associated with each mobile user, regardless of which mobile terminal is used to access the system.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and a network node for calculating transmitter precoding weights and receiver combining weights for a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna system. Channel responses are estimated at the network node for user terminals accessing the network node on a carrier. Zero forcing beamforming weights are determined for the carrier by adding one of the user terminals at a time in a calculation of an inverse of a Gram matrix containing parameters of the channel responses.

Abstract: A mobile communication device is described comprising a receiver configured to receive, for each of a plurality of transmit beam directions, a reference signal transmitted based on the transmit beam direction, wherein each transmit beam direction has at least one allowable precoder, a determiner configured to determine, for each transmit beam direction, a reception quality of the reference signal transmitted based on the transmit beam direction, a preselector configured to preselect, from the plurality of transmit beam directions, a subset of transmit beam directions based on a comparison of the determined reception qualities, an evaluator configured to determine, for each transmit beam direction of the subset, an evaluation of the performance of the allowable precoders of the transmit beam direction, a selector configured to select, from the subset, a beam direction for communication, based on the evaluations and a controller configured to establish communications based on the selected beam direction.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a wireless communication device includes: a receiver configured to receive a first frame from a first terminal and a second frame from a second terminal; and controlling circuitry configured to obtain quality information of a first channel with the first terminal based on the first frame and quality information of a second channel with the second terminal based on the second frame, and determine a transmission rate applied to the first terminal and a transmission rate applied to the second terminal in spatially multiplexed transmission, based on the quality information of the first channel, the quality information of the second channel and interference amount information being indicative of an amount of interference depending on an execution condition of the spatially multiplexed transmission.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes, by each of one or more network nodes of a multi-hop wireless network that are configured as initiators: receiving from a central controller an address of a particular network node that is configured as a responder. Using the address and by adjusting beamforming weights, the initiator may transmit a message to establish a wireless connection with a particular network node that is configured as a responder. Each responder may adjust its beamforming to receive a message from one of the initiators addressed to the responder to establish a wireless connection with the responder. When the responder receives the message from the initiator addressed to the responder, the responder may respond to the initiator to establish a wireless connection with the initiator.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an iterative procedure relying on ping-pong transmissions between two antenna arrays to determine desired beamforming weights at each device. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: In a wireless communication terminal in a wireless communication system for performing a control not to transmit signals, or to transmit signals with a reduction in a transmission power by a part of radio resources for a downlink signal in a cell provided by a base station, the terminal receives control information in generating a report related to a measurement result of the cell provided by the base station, monitors a state of a radio link with an own cell, and performs measurement on reception of the downlink signal. If an instruction for restricting the measurement to a part of the radio resources is included in the control information from the base station after the radio link failure occurs, the terminal generates and transmits a radio link failure report including the measurement result in the radio resources as instructed when the radio link failure occurs.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to the communication field, and provides method, apparatus, and storage medium for wireless communication. The method includes: establishing a WIFI channel and a Bluetooth channel between communication devices; detecting a communication distance between the communication devices; and transmitting multimedia data between communication devices through the WIFI channel and transmitting a control command between communication devices through the Bluetooth channel when the communication distance between the communication devices is less than or equal to a distance threshold. With the method provided in the present disclosure, a seamless switch between Bluetooth and WIFI can be implemented, respective advantages of Bluetooth and WIFI can be combined, thereby ensuring an unobstructed communication link in a small range wireless communication system, and improving the communication quality.

Abstract: A hybrid beam-forming antenna array used in a MU-MIMO communication system, comprising a single digital beam-former connected to M number of passive beam-former sub-arrays and M number of passive beam-former sub-arrays. Each of the passive beam-former sub-arrays comprising a RF transceiver feeding a single RF chain, a 2N-inputs-2N-outputs selection matrix having all its inputs connected to the single RF chain output, and 2N number of antennas each connected to and fed by one of the outputs of the selection matrix. The digital beam-former thereof is feeding each of the RF transceivers of the passive beam-former sub-arrays. The selection matrix thereof has no power-consuming element or external control, and configured to be fed with an RF signal at one or more of its inputs and produce 2N number of separate RF signal beams with progressive phase distribution at its outputs. In addition, the hybrid beam-forming antenna array has no antenna calibration network.

Abstract: A communication method of a wireless device to which a single radio frequency (RF) chain antenna is applied. The wireless device stores a plurality of beam sets for the single RF chain antenna and a plurality of quality values for the plurality of beam sets. The wireless device selects a first beam set having a first quality value that is a best quality value among the plurality of stored beam sets. The wireless device confirms a second quality value for the first beam set using received data when the data are received using the first beam set. The wireless device selects a second beam set different from the first beam set among the plurality of stored beam sets when the second quality value is poorer than the first quality value.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a communications device for resource allocation, including: a determining module, configured to acquire, from an S region corresponding to each beam, each beam ID fed back by user equipment, determine each T region including user equipment according to the beam ID, and determine a quantity of user equipments included in each T region; a calculation module, configured to select, according to a preset rule, to-be-connected user equipment from the user equipment included in each T region, and calculate, according to a resource allocation policy, a ratio of resources to be allocated to each to-be-connected user equipment; and an allocation module, configured to allocate, in a preset allocation manner according to the resource ratio, a resource to be allocated to each user equipment to the user equipment, and send PDCCH information to the user equipment to deliver the resource allocated to the user equipment to the user equipment.

Abstract: Provided are a method, system and apparatus for indicating and receiving an uplink beam index. The indicating method includes that: a base station detects a first uplink access signal of a terminal from at least one uplink access signal received from the terminal according to a preset rule; the base station acquires corresponding related information from the first uplink access signal; and the base station generates an access response indication by virtue of an uplink beam index corresponding to the first uplink access signal, and sends the access response indication.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for radio frequency emissions testing based on harmonic beamforming are provided herein. In certain configurations, a method of emissions testing of cellular communication assemblies for emissions compliance is provided. The method includes transmitting a signal beam using an antenna array of a respective cellular communication assembly after manufacture thereof, the signal beam including a fundamental lobe and one or more harmonic lobes. The method further includes determining one or more testing locations of the signal beam based on detecting a direction of the fundamental lobe using test equipment, the testing locations corresponding to locations associated with the harmonic lobes. The method further includes evaluating a level of harmonic emissions at each of the one or more testing locations using the test equipment to establish whether or not the respective cellular communication assembly complies with emissions testing.

Abstract: A base station (BS) capable of communicating with a user equipment (UE) includes a transmitter configured to transmit, to the UE, downlink signals including precoding matrix indicator (PMI) codebook parameters comprising: first and second quantities of antenna ports, N1 and N2, indicating respective quantities of antenna ports in first and second dimensions of a dual-polarized antenna array at the BS; first and second oversampling factors, O1 and O2, indicating respective oversampling factors for Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) beams in the first and second dimensions; and a beam group configuration among a plurality of beam group configurations. The BS also includes a receiver configured to receive uplink signals including a plurality PMIs from the UE determined using a PMI codebook corresponding to the transmitted PMI codebook parameters; and determine a precoder using the received PMIs. Other embodiments including methods and UEs and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for sampling an RF signal are described. The system comprises a plurality of capacitors, a plurality of resistors, and a sampling circuit. A first port of each capacitor of the plurality of capacitors is coupled to the RF signal. A first port of each resistor of the plurality of resistors is coupled to one of a plurality of reference levels. A second port of each resistor of the plurality of resistors is coupled to a second port of a corresponding capacitor of the plurality of capacitors. The sampling circuit produces a plurality of digital outputs by sampling the second port of each resistor of the plurality of resistors.

Abstract: Embodiments provide apparatuses, methods and a computer programs for a base station transceiver and a mobile transceiver. An apparatus (10) operable in a base station transceiver (100) of a mobile communication system comprises a transceiver module (12), which comprises interfaces to a plurality (18) of antennas, and which is operable to transmit radio signals using combinations of time and frequency radio resources. The transceiver module (12) is further operable to form a first set of beam patterns (16) using the plurality of antennas. The first set of beam patterns (16) comprises two or more spatially differing beam patterns. The base station transceiver apparatus (10) comprises a control module (14), which is operable to control the transceiver module and to transmit a common control signal for a plurality of mobile transceivers (200) using the beam patterns of the set of first beam patterns (16) on the same time and frequency radio resource.

Abstract: There is provided a method for determining a transmission power of a vehicle to everything (V2X) signal. The method is performed by a V2X terminal and comprises determining the transmission power of the V2X signal. The transmission power is determined based on antenna gain and a conducted power. The conducted power is determined to not exceed a specific maximum power class, The antenna gain is at most 6 dBi, and the specific maximum power class specify at most 26 dBm.

Abstract: For example, a first wireless station may be configured to perform hybrid beamforming training including simultaneously communicating a first plurality of spatially multiplexed Synchronization Signals (SS) beamformed in a plurality of wide beam directions; and simultaneously communicating a second plurality of spatially multiplexed SS beamformed in a plurality of narrow beam directions, which correspond to one or more reported wide beam directions.

Abstract: A distributed antenna system interface tray (DIT) includes a plurality of per-carrier points of interface (POIs), a combiner, and a DIT management system (DMS). Each of the plurality of POIs may be configured to couple with a corresponding per-carrier base transceiver station (BTS), receive a per-carrier downlink (DL) signal from the corresponding BTS, filter the DL signal through a duplexer, adjust the filtered DL signal based on a designated level, output the filtered DL signal to a combiner, receive an uplink (UL) signal from the combiner, adjust the UL signal based on a designated gain, and transmit the UL signal to the corresponding BTS. The combiner may be configured to combine a plurality of DL signals received from the plurality of POIs into a combined DL signal, transmit the combined DL signal to a distributed antenna system, receive a UL signal from the distributed antenna system, and distribute the UL signal to the plurality of POIs.