Abstract: Aspects are provided which allow a UE to disable measurements of reference signals from 5G base stations which are inapplicable to EN-DC. The UE may receive a reference signal from a base station. The UE may identify a frequency range. The UE may determine whether to measure the reference signal based on whether the reference signal is within the identified frequency range. The UE may refrain from measuring the reference signal in response to the determination. The UE may also refrain from measuring the reference signal in response to a SIB received at the UE not including a ULI, or in response to a frequency associated with the reference signal not being in a list of supported bands for EN-DC. As a result, inter-RAT handovers from LTE base stations to 5G base stations are prevented, UE power consumption is thereby saved, and support for EN-DC is maintained.

Abstract: A Node-B sends a polling message to a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). The WTRU sends an uplink synchronization burst in response to the polling message without contention. The Node-B estimates an uplink timing shift based on the synchronization burst and sends an uplink timing adjustment command to the WTRU. The WTRU then adjusts uplink timing based on the uplink timing adjustment command. Alternatively, the Node-B may send a scheduling message for uplink synchronization to the WTRU. The WTRU may send a synchronization burst based on the scheduling message. Alternatively, the WTRU may perform contention-based uplink synchronization after receiving a synchronization request from the Node-B. The WTRU may enter an idle state instead of performing a handover to a new cell when the WTRU moves to the new cell. A discontinuous reception (DRX) interval for the WTRU may be set based on activity of the WTRU.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of operating an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node in a radio access network, the IAB node being connected to a first parent IAB node via a first backhaul link, the method including communicating with one or more child nodes based on a downlink timing, the downlink timing being based on a function of one or more values of a first timing parameter, the values of the first timing parameter being indicated by corresponding first timing indicators received from the first parent IAB node and/or one or more values of a second timing parameter, the values of the second timing parameter being indicated by corresponding second timing indicators received from the first parent IAB node. The disclosure also pertains to related methods and devices.

Abstract: A power transmitting device includes a power transmitting unit configured to perform power transmission to the power receiving device through contactless power supply, and a memory unit that stores appropriate power supply information, and processing circuitry that is configured to switch a power transmission mode of the power transmitting unit. The processing circuitry is configured to acquire power supply information in a surrounding environment at execution of the power transmission, determine whether the power supply information and the appropriate power supply information are different from each other, set the power transmission mode to a limit mode when determining that the power supply information and the appropriate power supply information are different from each other, and set the power transmission mode to a normal-output mode when determining that the power supply information and the appropriate power supply information are not different from each other.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for power amplifier power management are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a mobile device includes a transceiver that generates a radio frequency signal, a front-end system including a first power amplifier module that amplifies the radio frequency signal, and a power management system including an envelope tracking power management unit that provides an envelope tracking supply voltage to the first power amplifier module, and a first average power tracking power management unit that provides an average power tracking supply voltage to the first power amplifier module. The first power amplifier module is configured to selectively switch between the envelope tracking supply voltage and the average power tracking supply voltage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing a controller includes indicating, by a processor of a first device, to the controller of a second device to enter a second power state from a first power state. The controller of the second device responds to the processor of the first device with a confirmation. The processor of the first device transmits a signal to the controller of the second device to enter the second power state. Upon receiving a wake event, the controller of the second device exits the second device from the second power state to the first power state.

Abstract: A switching method, a wearable device, and a storage medium are provided. The method is performed by the wearable device, and the wearable device includes a first processor and a second processor. The method includes: switching, in response to satisfying a first preset condition and a current operation mode not being a first operation mode, the wearable device to the first operation mode; switching, in response to satisfying a second preset condition and the current operation mode not being a second operation mode, the wearable device to the second operation mode; in the first operation mode, both of the first processor and the second processor are in working states; and in the second operation mode, the first processor is in a non-working state and the second processor is in a working state.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A relay node may establish a control plane connection between the relay node and a base station, wherein establishing the control plane connection comprises receiving from the base station a first network identifier for the relay node. The relay node may receive, via the control plane connection, a relay configuration from the base station. The relay node may monitor grants associated with a set of one or more user equipment (UEs) based at least in part on the relay configuration, each UE comprising a network identifier that is different from the first network identifier. The relay node may relay communications between the base station and the set of one or more UEs according to the monitoring.

Abstract: A field device having at least one radio communication means with at least two different operating modes, wherein the different operating modes can be activated as a function of the operating location of the field device, wherein the field device has at least one position determination means and is configured in order to determine an operating mode of the radio communication means from the position data and to make a selection according to predetermined conditions.

Abstract: A powering apparatus for wireless powering of a power receiving device comprises: a plurality of power transmitters configured to provide inductive coupling to the power receiving device; and an oscillator configured to provide a reference oscillator signal; wherein each power transmitter comprises an inductive element and a driving circuitry for providing a current signal for driving the inductive element, wherein the driving circuitry of each power transmitter is configured to receive the reference oscillator signal and a feedback signal of a current through the inductive element for controlling a phase of the current signal in relation to a phase of the reference oscillator signal, each of the plurality of power transmitters being configured for outputting a powering signal controlled by a common phase relation to the reference oscillator signal.

Abstract: An oscilloscope includes a signal input circuit, a switching matrix circuit, and a downconverter circuit. The signal input circuit is configured to receive M input signals, wherein at least one of the input signals is a signal comprising at least two carriers. The switching matrix circuit is configured to selectively forward at least one input signal from at least one of the switching matrix inputs to the switching matrix outputs. The downconverter circuit includes a local oscillator and at least two downconverter sub-circuits. The at least two downconverter sub-circuits are configured, for example, to: down-convert a first signal component of the signal that is associated with a first one of the least two carriers based on a local oscillator signal and down-convert a second signal component of the signal that is associated with a second one of the least two carriers based on the local oscillator signal, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and systems for querying a database of geofences. A method for querying a database of geofences in the present invention includes generating at a device a first request comprising an Internet Protocol address, converting the IP address to a geographic location, identifying one or more geofences associated with the geographic location, and creating a first response to the first request wherein the first response comprises information describing the one or more geofences.

Abstract: A communication control method according to one embodiment is a method in a mobile communication system. A communication control method includes predicting, by a user equipment in an RRC connected mode, in a case where the user equipment determines that there is no data to be communicated with a base station, a duration for which a state in which there is no such data persists, and transmitting, by the user equipment, a control signal to the base station, the control signal including an indicator identifying the duration that is predicted.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for preventing resource exploitation in mobile devices are provided. The method receives a resource request from a mobile application stored on a mobile computing device. A device context is determined for the mobile computing device. A resource consumption context is determined for the mobile computing device based on the device context and resource consumption of one or more mobile applications operating on the mobile computing device. In response to the resource request, the method generates a set of resource consumption profiles based on the device context and the resource consumption context. A resource consumption profile is selected for the mobile application from the set of resource consumption profiles. The method manages consumption of resources, of the mobile computing device, by the mobile application based on the selected resource consumption profile.

Abstract: A generation node B (gNB) configured for aperiodic channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) triggering and transmission may encode signalling for transmission to a user equipment (UE). The signalling to indicate an aperiodic Triggering Offset (aperiodicTriggeringOffset). The aperiodic Triggering Offset may comprise a slot offset. The gNB may encode a downlink control information (DCI) for transmission that may trigger transmission of a CSI-RS in one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource set(s) (i.e., in one or more slots (n)). The DCI triggers transmission of the aperiodic CSI-RS within a triggered slot with the slot offset (i.e., the aperiodicTriggeringOffset). The gNB may transmit the CSI-RS in resource elements of the triggered slot in accordance with the slot offset, when CSI-RS resources are available in the slot at the slot offset.

Abstract: A linear amplifier of an envelope tracking supply modulator includes a pre-driver stage circuit and an output stage circuit. The pre-driver stage circuit receives an envelope input, and generates a pre-driver output according to the envelope input. The output stage circuit receives the pre-driver output, and generates an amplifier output according to the pre-driver output. The amplifier output is involved in setting a modulated supply voltage of a power amplifier. The output stage circuit has a plurality of amplifiers, including a first amplifier and a second amplifier. When the power amplifier has a first output power level, the first amplifier is involved in setting the amplifier output, and the second amplifier is not involved in setting the amplifier output. When the power amplifier has a second output power level different from the first output power level, the first amplifier and the second amplifier are involved in setting the amplifier output.

Abstract: In busy 5G and 6G networks, precise timing and synchronization are key to maintaining throughput with low fault rates. Disclosed are systems and methods for adjusting each user device's clock for proper reception, including downlink propagation delays, uplink propagation delays, round-trip propagation delays, and Doppler shifts, individually for each user device, and including any uplink/downlink asymmetries. The clock adjustment and timing advance of each user device is based on a predetermined transmission schedule for timing signals, broadcast by the base station. The Doppler shift is measured by the base station, according to uplink timing signals, and communicated to the user device in a single final timing signal. The single final timing signal is either frequency-shifted by the measured Doppler shift, or delayed proportional to the Doppler shift, either of which indicates, to the user device, how to apply the correct timing to future uplink messages.

Abstract: To provide a low latency near RT RIC, some embodiments separate the RIC's functions into several different components that operate on different machines (e.g., execute on VMs or Pods) operating on the same host computer or different host computers. Some embodiments also provide high speed interfaces between these machines. Some or all of these interfaces operate in non-blocking, lockless manner in order to ensure that critical near RT RIC operations (e.g., datapath processes) are not delayed due to multiple requests causing one or more components to stall. In addition, each of these RIC components also has an internal architecture that is designed to operate in a non-blocking manner so that no one process of a component can block the operation of another process of the component. All of these low latency features allow the near RT RIC to serve as a high speed IO between the E2 nodes and the xApps.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology provide for suggested home screens and/or lock screens of an electronic device. The suggested home screens and/or lock screens can include suggested backgrounds, user interface elements, colors, styles, photos, and the like, and can be generated and/or suggested for a user of an electronic device based on activity history information for the user and/or the electronic device. In one or more implementations, the home screens and/or lock screens may be generated and/or suggested specifically for various operational modes of the electronic device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are related to resuming a wireless communication between a first device and a second device. In one aspect, the first deice enters a wake up mode from a sleep mode. In one aspect, the first device obtains, in response to entering the wake up mode, stored information indicating a wireless channel previously used to communicate with a second device, to monitor for a beacon frame from the second device. In one aspect, the first device receives the beacon frame from the second device, according to the stored information. In one aspect, the first device transmits to the second device, an association frame in response to receiving the beacon frame.

Abstract: A method performed by an electronic controller includes determining a charge level of a power supply configured to provide power to a medical device, and estimating, based on the charge level of the power supply, a first power supply life for operating the medical device according to a first mode. Further, the method includes estimating, based on the charge level of the power supply, a second power supply life for operating the medical device according to a second mode. As recited, operating the medical device according to the first mode has a different power use or consumption characteristic from operating the medical device according to the second mode. The method also includes generating a notification indicative of the first power supply life and the second power supply life.

Abstract: A method for multiple attachment of a mobile terminal to access points of a plurality of access points of at least one cellular network. The terminal is able to be attached simultaneously to a given number of different access points, called maximum number of attachments. The method is implemented by the terminal and includes: receiving a command to change access point, called handover command, from one access point of the plurality, called source access point; determining a number of handovers in progress; queuing the received handover command when a maximum number of handovers in progress is reached, this number depending on the maximum number of attachments, executing the received handover command when the maximum number of handovers in progress is not reached.

Abstract: This application provides a data transmission method and a data transmission device. The data transmission device is provided with a microcontroller, a power supply, and a vibration sensor. When the vibration sensor detects that the user moves the data transmission device, the microcontroller controls the power supply to supply power to the data transmission module, so that the data transmission module starts to activate before the data transmission device is connected to the electronic device, thereby improving the response speed and work efficiency of the data transmission device. Meanwhile, the power supply does not need to supply power to the data transmission module constantly, which reduces the capacity and volume of the power supply.

Abstract: Embodiments of the current disclosure facilitate the creation of a wireless connection between a host device and an accessory device over a wireless medium. For instance, according to some embodiments, a method of connecting an accessory device to a host device includes transmitting a plurality of advertising beacons over a wireless medium. Each wireless beacon can contain information identifying a predetermined time when the accessory device will begin a page scan. The accessory device can begin the page scan at the predetermined time and can receive pages from a host device during a page scan window of the page scan over the wireless medium. The received pages can then be subsequently used to establish an ad hoc network connection between the accessory device and the host device.

Abstract: A wireless device receives one or more radio resource control messages including: a first processing time threshold, associated with a first power state of a cell, that is applicable to a gap between receiving a transport block (TB) and transmitting an acknowledgement; and a second processing time threshold, associated with a second power state of the cell, that is applicable to a gap between receiving a TB and transmitting an acknowledgement. Based on the first processing time threshold, a first TB received on the cell in the first power state is processed. A command is received indicating transitioning from the first power state to the second power state. In response to transitioning to the second power state and based on the second processing time threshold, a second TB received on the cell is processed.

Abstract: A method for power control in a terminal device includes determining service types of at least one service to be performed by the terminal device; configuring a target transmit power corresponding to each service performed by the terminal device according to each service type and a power-controlled transmit power of the terminal device. A terminal device for executing the method for power control is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system, methods, and computer-readable media are provided herein for real-time “live” identification of connectivity issues with autonomous predictive solution provision via a diagnostic application supported by a machine-learning model. In aspects, live data in a targeted application is captured in an on-going manner and used by the diagnostic application to automatically identify connectivity issues. When connectivity issues are detected, the live data capture is pushed to the model so that the model can make a predictive classification of the error based on geospatial, temporal, and/or geospatial-temporal alignments in the data. Based on the classification, the model predicts a solution and the diagnostic application provides the solution to the user of the targeted application.

Abstract: A power management apparatus, includes an artificial intelligence (AI) controller configured to monitor a user pattern, based on frequency band selection information of all users using a base station, to predict the user pattern, and a DC-DC converter configured to output a supply voltage based on the predicted user pattern.

Abstract: A communication system includes a first wireless base station supporting communications with multiple mobile communication devices. The first wireless base station is limited to an amount of power it is able to consume. For example, the wireless base station receives power consumption information from a power consumption manager. To control power consumption with respect to the received power consumption information, the wireless base station determines (such as based on an estimation, calculation, measurement, etc.), an amount of a power consumption by the wireless base station while communicating with multiple mobile communication devices. The wireless base station adjusts wireless communications transmitted from the wireless base station to maintain the power consumption of the wireless base station with respect to a power consumption limit as indicated by the received power consumption information.

Abstract: A device such as a mobile device may be configured to connect to and/or communicate with one or more networks. The device may receive information indicating that there is at least one other network within a range of the device. One of the networks within range of the device may comprise a preferred cellular network. The device may then scan for the preferred cellular network and communicate with the preferred cellular network. The device may also detect the preferred cellular network based on information stored on the device. When the device is within range of the preferred cellular network, the device may detect the preferred cellular network based on the stored information and begin communicating with the preferred cellular network.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive a reference signal or channel conveying a paging indicator. The UE may determine, based on the paging indicator, whether to monitor a paging control channel including a scheduling grant for a paging shared channel communication. The UE may estimate time or frequency information for receiving the paging control channel based at least in part on a result of the determining, and receiving the paging control channel containing based at least in part on the result of the determining and the estimated time or frequency information, or skipping monitoring the paging control channel based at least in part on the result of the determining. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: A method of reducing power consumption of a first wireless communication device is described. A charge level of a battery associated with the first wireless communication device is monitored. A wireless communication session between the first wireless communication device and a second wireless communication device is maintained. Based at least in part on the charge level of the battery being within a low battery threshold range, a wireless signal strength associated with the wireless communication session is monitored. Based at least in part on the wireless signal strength reaching a power saving threshold that is above a minimum connection threshold for maintaining the wireless communication session, a power saving action associated with a wireless interface that supports the wireless communication session is performed.

Abstract: Input indicative of a selection of volumetric content for presentation is received. The volumetric content comprises a volumetric representation of one or more elements of a real-world three-dimensional space. In response to the input, device state data associated with the volumetric content is accessed. The device state data describes a state of one or more network-connected devices associated with the real-world three-dimensional space. The volumetric content is presented. The presentation of the volumetric content includes presentation of the volumetric representation of the one or more elements overlaid on the real-world three-dimensional space by a display device and configuring the one or more network-connected devices using the device state data.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a radio communications device supporting LTE cellular communications. A device includes a data interface configured to exchange modem control commands and audio data with an LTE cellular modem and a telephone interface configured to provide a two-wire analog telephone interface for connection to a telephone device. A controller control signals provided via the telephone interface to manage voice call operations with the telephone device; exchange digital voice data corresponding to voice signals exchanged with the telephone device via the telephone interface; exchange control information via the data interface to establish and manage a voice over LTE cellular call; and exchange the digital voice data via the voice over LTE cellular call via the LTE cellular modem.

Abstract: Embodiments for a module for scheduling sleep/wake intervals for a first one or more communication devices are disclosed. The module includes a computer readable medium having instructions thereon. The instructions, when executed by one or more processing devices, cause the one or more processing devices to obtain a coverage prediction for the one or more mobile communication devices. The coverage prediction indicates a start and an end of at least one future interval during which one or more orbiting communication platforms are predicted to be within range of the one or more mobile communication devices. The instructions also cause the one or more processing devices to generate at least one future sleep interval having a start and an end and at least one future wake interval having a start and an end to control the one or more mobile communication devices based on the coverage prediction.

Abstract: A battery management system including a first connection unit, a first slave controller and a master controller. The first connection unit electrically connects a first battery cell included in a first battery group to the first slave controller. Power from the first battery group is supplied to the first slave controller through a first power line included in the first connection unit. The first slave controller determines a first reference voltage value indicating a voltage of the first battery cell during the execution of the first communication mode, and determines a first comparative voltage value indicating a voltage of the first battery cell during the execution of the second communication model. The master controller determines whether the first power line has an open circuit fault based on the first reference voltage value and the first comparative voltage value.

Abstract: In an example, the present invention provides a method for identifying a status of a user and providing feedback to the user based upon the status of the user. In an example, the method includes generating an electromagnetic radio frequency (RF) signal from an RF generating device and emitting the electromagnetic RF signal into a spatial region of a user. In an example, the method includes detecting a back scattered RF signal, using an RF receiving antenna, from the user and converting the back scattered RF signal from an RF analog signal into an RF digital signal.

Abstract: A method for energy-efficient state change detection and classification of streaming sequential data includes receiving via a first prediction model, sequential data from a sensor. The first prediction model determines a change in an activity state based on the sequential data. An indication that the activity state has changed is transmitted to a second prediction. The second prediction model determines an updated activity state based on the sequential data. The updated activity state is sent to the first prediction model, after which the second prediction enters an inactive state.

Abstract: A wireless telecommunication system comprises a base station and a terminal device (UE). The UE is configured to determine its mobility status and an associated reliability, e.g. an indication of the extent to which the UE is moving and the confidence in this determination. In some cases the reliability may be based on how the UE determined its mobility status. For example, if the UE determined itself to be of relatively low mobility because it has an internal configuration setting indicating it is deployed in a fixed position, the reliability of this mobility status may be considered to be greater than if the UE determined itself to be of relatively low mobility because it has not recently undergone many base station handovers. The UE is configured to convey an indication of the mobility status and the reliability to the base station.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting secure communications via secure sessions in communication systems are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting secure communications via secure sessions in communication systems may be configured to support mechanisms in a session layer protocol which enable communications of any communication protocol at any communication protocol layer to be transported over a session layer session (e.g., tunneling any data link protocol, any network layer protocol, any transport layer protocol, and/or any application layer protocol transparently over the session layer protocol), which enable multiple communications of one or more communication protocols of one or more communication protocol layers to be transported over a single session layer session (e.g.

Abstract: A wireless communication system is provided allowing a base station to indicate RTT compensation for UEs to adjust their local time clocks to correct propagation delay timing errors and synchronize with the global clock of a base station. A base station sends a downlink transmission including timing information to a UE and receives an uplink transmission from the UE after the downlink transmission. The base station determines a RTT compensation associated with the timing information based on a RTT between the downlink transmission and the uplink transmission. The base station then transmits the RTT compensation to the UE. UEs are thus allowed to synchronize at a high precision with the time clock of the base station. UEs may be configured with different resolutions or granularities in timing correction so that certain UEs can achieve high precision timing correction while other UEs can adjust their time clocks with less precision.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reducing the power consumption of a Base Station (BS) in a multi antenna system are provided. The method for reducing the power consumption of the BS includes identifying an amount of resources being in use for communication, determining whether to convert at least one Radio Frequency (RF) unit into a power saving mode considering the amount of resources, if converting at least one RF unit into the power saving mode, turning OFF a power supply of a power amplifier of at least one of at least two antenna paths constituting the at least one RF unit converted into the power saving mode, and increasing a gain of at least one antenna path turning ON a power supply such that a transmission Power Spectral Density (PSD) is not changed according to the power saving mode conversion.

Abstract: This application provides a signal monitoring method and an apparatus, to reduce power consumption of a terminal device. The method includes: receiving, by a terminal device, a downlink signal; and monitoring, by the terminal device, a first type of signal in the downlink signal, where the first type of signal is a signal used to indicate power consumption reduction information, the terminal device does not monitor a second type of signal when monitoring the first type of signal, and the second type of signal is a signal used to indicate data scheduling.

Abstract: An observation streamlining apparatus includes one or more computers each including a memory and a processor configured to discriminate between an observation-necessary time slot and an observation-unnecessary time slot with an intervention measure including at least a time when a predetermined intervention is performed on a user as an input, the observation-necessary time slot indicating a time slot when a user's action or state needs to be observed, and the observation-unnecessary time slot indicating a time slot when the user's action or state does not need to be observed; and execute predetermined processing for observing the user's action or state when the observation-necessary time slot arrives.

Abstract: A computing apparatus comprising one or more computer readable storage media, one or more processors operatively coupled with the one or more computer readable storage media, and an application comprising program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage media that direct the computing apparatus to at least display electronic document in a user interface to an application and send a request to an energy analysis service to analyze an energy footprint of the electronic document, wherein the request identifies a characteristic of the electronic document. The program instructions further direct the computing apparatus to receive a reply to the request, wherein the reply includes a recommendation to decrease the energy footprint of the electronic document and modify the electronic document in accordance with the recommendation.

Abstract: A working state adjustment method is applied to a terminal. A power amplifier (PA) is arranged on the terminal. The method includes: determining a target channel bandwidth in which the terminal works; determining a target working state in which the PA works among optional working states according to the target channel bandwidth, in which the optional working states correspond to at least two types of working modes respectively; and adjusting the PA to work in the target working state.

Abstract: Extended sleep in a wireless device. In an embodiment, synchronized parameters, used by a wireless device to define an extended-sleep cycle, are stored at a system. Based on the synchronized parameters, the system determines a transmission time at which to transmit a message over the wireless communication network such that the message will be received by the wireless device during a portion of the extended-sleep cycle during which the wireless device is monitoring paging occasions. The message is then queued until it is transmitted at the transmission time.

Abstract: Wireless communications systems and methods related to LBT aware autonomous sidelink sensing are provided. A first UE determines, based on a projected listen-before-talk (LBT) completion time, at least one of a sensing window or a first resource selection window. The first UE senses, based on the determining, in a sidelink resource pool within a shared radio frequency band during the sensing window. The first UE identifies, based on the sensing, a subset of resources from the sidelink resource pool that are within the first resource selection window. The first UE selects at least a first resource from the subset of resources. The first UE transmits, to a second UE using the selected first resource, a sidelink transmission.

Abstract: A device to perform target sound detection includes one or more processors. The one or more processors include a buffer configured to store audio data and a target sound detector. The target sound detector includes a first stage and a second stage. The first stage includes a binary target sound classifier configured to process the audio data. The first stage is configured to activate the second stage in response to detection of a target sound. The second stage is configured to receive the audio data from the buffer in response to the detection of the target sound.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used in wireless communications. The apparatus may be an access point (AP), and may transmit a power save frame. The power save frame may include one or more Uplink (UL) Transmission Times (ULT)s. The apparatus may determine that a station (STA) did not transmit during its respective ULT. The AP may transmit another power save frame. The other power save frame may include a modified ULT. The modified ULT may be for a STA that did not transmit during its respective ULT. The other power save frame may include an unmodified ULT. The unmodified ULT may be for a STA that did not transmit.