Abstract: According to various embodiments, an electronic device may comprise: a housing; a wireless communication circuit positioned inside the housing so as to transmit/receive at least one radio frequency (RF) signal; multiple antennas positioned inside the housing or configured as parts of the housing and electrically connected to the wireless communication circuit; at least one processor operably connected to the wireless communication circuit; and a memory operably connected to the at least one processor. The memory may store a lookup table comprising a first set of antenna modes regarding at least some of the multiple antennas and a second set of antenna modes regarding at least some of the multiple antennas.

Abstract: [Technical Problem] To enable video delivery tailored to the viewer's response. [Solution to Problem] The video delivery system includes a video library for storing a plurality of video data. The video distribution system further includes a video distributing unit for distributing the video data and a reaction acquiring unit for acquiring reaction information indicative of a reaction from a plurality of viewers during playback of at least a first video data. The video distribution system further includes a switch determining unit that determines a second video data to be distributed next to the first video data in response to the reaction information.

Abstract: A test system (1) serves to test a broadband cellular network. The test system (1) includes at least one user interface (2, 3) and at least one central test module (7) capable to run a predetermined or user-defined test method. A smartphone test probe interface module (13) of the test system (1) is connected to the central test module (7). Such smartphone test probe interface module (13) is capable to establish a data/signal connection between at least one smartphone test probe (14) and a network component of the broadband cellular network. The test system (1) further includes a radio test probe interface module (15) and a core network test probe interface module (17) capable to establish in a similar manner a data/signal connection between at least one radio/core test probe (16, 18) and a respective network component of the broadband cellular network.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses for providing dynamic, prioritized spectrum utilization management. The system includes at least one monitoring sensor, at least one data analysis engine, at least one application, a semantic engine, a programmable rules and policy editor, a tip and cue server, and/or a control panel. The tip and cue server is operable utilize the environmental awareness from the data processed by the at least one data analysis engine in combination with additional information to create actionable data.

Abstract: A method of managing embedded subscriber identity modules (eSIMs) on a user equipment (UE). The method comprises receiving a request to manage an eSIM profile stored on the UE by an embedded universal integrated circuit card (eUICC) of the UE from a requestor; looking up a set of eSIM profile management rules in the eSIM profile by the eUICC; determining an eSIM profile management rule of the set of eSIM profile management rules that applies to the eSIM profile by the eUICC based on an identity of the requestor; determining to deny the request by the eUICC based on the identity of the requestor, based on the request, and based on the eSIM profile management rule; and, based on denying the request, executing a rejection method, wherein the rejection method is defined by the eSIM profile management rule.

Abstract: Described herein is a system with a first network element and a second network element. The first network element contains a processor configured to synchronize with the second network element; and maintain synchronization with the second network element. The first network element is a small cell eNB and the second network element is one of the following: a macro cell enhanced node-B (eNB); or a small cell eNB.

Abstract: Technologies directed to calibration and measurement of transmit phased array antennas with digital beamforming are described. One method includes a communication device generating a radio frequency (RF) signal and a reference RF signal generated using a first offset value. A processing device sending to a measurement device data indicating a first periodicity of the first RF signal and a first data acquisition parameter. The processing device receives measurement data indicating conditions of the first RF signal and the reference RF signal received at the measurement device. The processing device determines signal characteristics of the first RF signal and the reference RF signal. The processing device sends a command to the communication device. The command indicates a modification of the first offset value to a second offset value. The communication device generates a second RF signal using the second offset value.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more particularly, to mobility techniques that allow for dynamically updating a set of cells activated to serve a user equipment (UE) and synchronizing with the cells activated to serve the UE. An example method generally includes receiving, from a network entity, signaling indicating a set of cells supported by one or more distributed units (DUs) under a common central unit (CU) and one or more timing advance groups (TAGs) for the set of cells; identifying a subset of the set of cells activated to serve the UE; receiving physical (PHY) layer or medium access control (MAC) layer mobility signaling; updating the subset of activated cells based on the mobility signaling; and communicating with the subset of activated cells based on a timing advance associated with the one or more TAGs in which the updated subset of activated cells belong.

Abstract: Arrangements and techniques for testing mobile devices within a test module. The test modules are portable and may be stacked to provide a modular testing system. A pulley system may be used to move an actuator arm horizontally in the X and Y directions. The actuator arm may be moved vertically in the Z direction such that a tip may engage a touchscreen of a mobile device being tested or a user interface element of the mobile device.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices and methods for displaying optimal locations for telecommunications equipment. In one embodiment, a method comprises simultaneously recording video footage and wireless signal strengths of a respective room in a plurality of rooms; storing the video footage and wireless signal strengths in a database; accessing the database and analyzing whether the video footage and wireless signal strengths include useful information; displaying one or more locations for telecommunications equipment on a floor plan of the respective room if the video footage and wireless signal strengths include useful information; and transmitting the video footage and wireless signal strengths to a technician if the video footage and wireless signal strengths do not include useful information.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive, from a base station, a control signal scheduling the UE to receive a downlink message from the base station using a set of time and frequency resources. The UE may identify an aggressor UE attempting to receive uplink communications, downlink communications, or both, transmitted between the UE and the base station and determine a transmit power for transmitting a jamming signal to the aggressor UE during the set of time and frequency resources. The UE may apply a jamming signal power scheme to the jamming signal by either using the determined transmit power or adjusting the determined transmit power in accordance with the jamming signal power scheme.

Abstract: Provided is a terminal with which it is possible, in a heterogeneous cell network, to transmit a Periodic-Sounding Reference Signal (P-SRS) at a transmission bandwidth and power density necessary for carrying out both a process of selection of a transceiving participating base station and a process of frequency scheduling of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). A terminal (300) comprises a receiving unit (301) which receives control information which includes information which denotes a P-SRS transmission parameter, and a transmission unit (303) which, using a transmission parameter which is included in the received control information, transmits a first P-SRS provided with a first bandwidth and a first power density at a first period, and transmits a second P-SRS provided with a second bandwidth which is narrower than the first bandwidth and second power density which is higher than the first power density at a second period.

Abstract: This disclosure describes methods, apparatuses, and wireless stations related to waking up low power radios. In particular, a wireless station is disclosed that may identify a first management frame from a first wireless station a first management frame from a first wireless station. The wireless station may cause to allocate one or more group identifications (IDs) to the first wireless station. The wireless station may cause to generate a bitmap corresponding to the allocation of the one or more group IDs to the first wireless station. The wireless station may cause to send a second management frame to the first wireless station of one or more wireless stations, wherein the second management frame comprises the bitmap.

Abstract: A verification apparatus for 5G New Radio applications includes a graphical user interface and a processing circuit. The graphical user interface is configured to receive a set of communication parameters from a user, the set of communication parameters being associated with communication parameters of a 5G communication channel. The set of communication parameters includes at least one of a frequency reference point A or an Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (ARFCN). The processing circuit is configured to analyze the set of communication parameters, thereby obtaining a set of analysis data.

Abstract: Provided is a radio communication terminal which is capable of measuring quality in communication with a handover destination with high accuracy. The radio communication terminal is capable of communicating with a base station or a relay node, and includes: a receiver which receives control information including information relating to measurement of measuring quality of a neighbor cell; an extractor which extracts information on a subframe where the measurement should be performed, which is a subframe where only transmission of a signal from the relay node connected to the base station is performed, from the information relating to the measurement; a measurement section which performs the measurement, on a subframe basis, based on the extracted information on the subframe where the measurement should be performed; and a transmitter which transmits a result of the measurement to the base station or the relay node.

Abstract: Disclosed are a Power Factor Correction (PFC) control method, apparatus, and device, and a computer-readable storage medium. The method includes: acquiring an input voltage value, input current value, and output voltage value from a PFC circuit (S101); acquiring a current reference value for current loop control by using a Prony's method according to the input voltage value, the output voltage value, and a preset voltage reference value (S102); and performing current loop control according to the current reference value and the input current value, and outputting a corresponding Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal, so as to control a switch tube in the PFC circuit to be correspondingly switched on or switched off (S103).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for operating a media reproduction device for a motor vehicle. Media information is received in a first and a second reception mode and reproduced based on the strength of the first and second reception. A temporal transmission delay between the reception modes is detected and compensated for by an electronic computing device. The surroundings of the motor vehicle are divided into at least two reception tiles, and each reception tile is assigned a first and a second reception strength value. The electronic computing device decides which reception mode to use to receive the media information in each reception tile and when to compensate the temporal transmission delay if it has been determined that the media information is received in the first reception tile in the first reception mode and in the second reception tile in the second reception mode.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) receives a sounding reference signal (SRS) resource configuration, the SRS resource configuration indicating at least a comb pattern for at least one SRS resource allocated to the UE and a puncturing unit for the comb pattern, wherein the comb pattern is divided into one or more puncturing units, wherein each puncturing unit comprises one or more time units of the comb pattern, and wherein each of the one or more time units comprises two or more symbols, and refrains from transmitting all SRS transmissions of the at least one SRS resource within a first puncturing unit of the one or more puncturing units based on a determination that one or more SRS transmissions of the at least one SRS resource within the first puncturing unit are to be dropped.

Abstract: A radio terminal (3) can perform carrier aggregation using a first cell (10) of a first radio station (1) and a second cell (20) of a second radio station (2). The first radio station (1) performs, with the radio terminal (3), radio resource control for the first cell (10) and the second cell (20) in order to perform the carrier aggregation. At least one of the second radio station (2) and the radio terminal (3) is configured to transmit, to the first radio station (10), information about a problem occurring in a radio link in the second cell (20) between the second radio station (20) and the radio terminal (30) while the carrier aggregation of the first cell (10) and the second cell (20) is being performed.

Abstract: A system for monitoring and controlling a manufacturing environment is disclosed. Aspects discussed include beacons broadcasting identifying information for aspects of the manufacturing environment such as workstations, manufactured items, machines, equipment, and people. The identifying information may be used to generate reports about the operation of these and possibly other aspects, as well as provide control options for changing the manufacturing environment. Employees may move about the environment to visually monitor activities taking place, while the system may automatically query for additional information about the tools, equipment, people encountered in the environment. Control options for changing aspects of the manufacturing processes may also be automatically displayed as well.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to ear-wearable devices that can be used to control other device and related methods. In a first aspect, an ear-wearable device is included having a control circuit, a wireless communications circuit, a microphone, and a motion sensor. The ear-wearable device is configured to receive an input from a wearer of the ear-wearable device, select a controllable device to be controlled based on factors including at least one of physical proximity between the ear-wearable device and the controllable device and a direction that the head of the wearer is pointing, and issue a control command to the controllable device. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Abstract: A communication system is disclosed in which a base station serves a communication area, wherein the communication area is formed by a plurality of directional beams each covering a respective portion of the communication area and each having a different respective beam identifier. The base station communicates control information, for a communication device (UE), using at least one directional beam associated with that communication device (e.g. a UE-specific operational beam set).

Abstract: Described herein are examples of communications networks. Communications networks may include systems, methods, and apparatuses for sending messages person-to-person, including receiving, at a processing device, from a sender device via a long range low-power wide area network connection operating via a network interface, a message including a metadata and a content; storing, using the processing device, the metadata on an electronic data storage unit; determining, using the processing device, whether the metadata matches any stored metadata on the electronic data storage unit; queueing, using the processor, the message on the electronic data storage unit; and sending, using the processing device, the queued message to a second node via the long range low-power wide area network connection.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to a downlink (DL) resource allocation feature in a wireless communication system, configured to address an issue that may arise in a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) carrier (also sometimes called a flexible duplex carrier). For example, on an SBFD carrier, a slot may have a format where an uplink (UL) portion of the carrier is between two DL portions of the carrier. In a case where a scheduler operating in a New Radio (NR) network utilizes DL resource allocation of a particular type, it may arise that a portion of the DL allocation falls in the UL portion of the carrier. Accordingly, a scheduled entity may add the UL portion of the carrier to a set of resources that are indicated as not available for DL transmission. Other aspects, embodiments, and features are also claimed and described.

Abstract: A testing system may include a test electronic device having a test antenna disposed in a first signal path of a first antenna array of an electronic device. The test antenna may receive a first signal from the first antenna array. The testing system may also include a reflector disposed in a second signal path of a second antenna array of the electronic device. The reflector may reflect a second signal from the second antenna array to the test antenna. The reflector may include a flat, parabolic, or elliptical curvature that reflects a radio frequency signal emitted by the second antenna array to the test antenna.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for recognizing an object in a photo and determining a terminal associated with the object in the photo. The method includes: determining an object in a photo by using a biological feature recognition technology; and determining a terminal that belongs to the object in the photo based on object-terminal relationship information, so that a an apparatus such as a smart device automatically obtains information about the terminal that belongs to the object in the photo, and shares the photo with the terminal.

Abstract: A system and method for identifying a person's location at a school, hotel, office, business, restaurant or other venue and tracking the movements of that person during their visit to the venue. One or more wireless virtual beacons communicate with the person's electronic device. The virtual beacons provide the system with real-time data about the person's whereabouts, allowing for the confirmation and tracking of the person at the location. A first non-limiting example of use, include a company that provides food and beverage allowing the person to place an order for food and beverages on their electronic device and having the order delivered to the person at their current location as determined by the system. Another non-limiting example includes a company performing analytics on the time and movement of it's employees and customers.

Abstract: Wireless communications systems and methods related to channel access contention management in a shared radio frequency band are provided. A first wireless communication device performs, during a first time period, a first clear channel assessment (CCA) in a shared radio frequency band based on a first energy detection threshold, wherein performing the first CCA comprises obtaining at least one signal energy measurement. The first wireless communication device then performs, during a second time period subsequent to the first time period, a second CCA in the shared radio frequency band based on a second energy detection threshold, the second energy detection threshold being based on the at least one signal energy measurement. The wireless communication device then transmits, to a second wireless communication device in the shared radio frequency band based on the second CCA, a communication signal.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for training and deploying machine-learned identification of radio frequency (RF) signals.

Abstract: Disclosed are procedures and examples of feedback messages that enable a user device to request transmission adjustments in 5G and 6G. The feedback message may indicate a selected beam direction, a power adjustment request, a grant request, and an acknowledgement, among other things. For example, a downlink message may include several beam test signals, each transmitted in a different direction, and the user device can indicate, in the feedback message, which test signal was best received. Thus the feedback enables the base station to adjust its beam toward the user device upon each message. In addition, the user device can determine the amplitude or signal quality received in the favored test signal, and can then include an incremental power adjustment request in the feedback message. In addition, the user device can request a retransmission and/or an uplink grant, and can optionally provide a BSR as well, in some embodiments.

Abstract: Wireless devices may perform modified carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) techniques in order to increase reliability while maintaining a reasonable latency for communications. The wireless devices may perform listen-before-talk (LBT) techniques using an adaptive transmission threshold (e.g., an adaptive CSMA threshold). The transmission threshold may be compared to a measured signal strength magnitude to determine whether the frequency channel is quiet enough for transmission of a packet. The transmission threshold may be initially set to equal a minimum value. The wireless device may increase the transmission threshold after each instance of LBT failure to allow the wireless device to get progressively more likely to transmit the packet each time LBT fails.

Abstract: A method for measuring performance of at least one DUT in a reverberation chamber over a frequency band, the method including, iteratively: generating a fading scenario by the reverberation chamber; identifying at least one measurement sub-band included in the frequency band, wherein the at least one measurement sub-band complies with a gain flatness criterion; measuring performance of the at least one DUT in the at least one identified measurement sub-band, thereby generating at least one performance measurement result; accumulating the at least one performance measurement result; and determining measurement coverage and terminating the performance measurement in case the measurement coverage meets a coverage criterion.

Abstract: Techniques described herein provide phase and amplitude calibration of phased array antennas. In an N-by-M phased array having N*M channels, embodiments use aggregated measurements over multiple concurrently active channels to improve signal-to-leakage performance, while also using sequences of exclusion groups to yield an individualized calibration value for each channel (i.e., N*M individualized calibration values). For example, a J×K channel group of the array is selected in each of a sequence of measurement frames based on a calibration schema. Over J*K measurement sub-frames, a set of J*K aggregate measurements is obtained, each with different subsets of the channel group activated and excluded from the measurement. The aggregate calibration measurements can be used to compute J*K individualized calibration values, each for a channel of the channel group. In some implementations, each calibration value is computed as a complex value including both amplitude and phase calibrations information.

Abstract: A method is provided for generating test data for testing radio equipment. The method includes: determining, by a test apparatus, one or more beam identifiers; selecting, by the test apparatus, based on the one or more beam identifiers, one or more radio channel models; receiving, by the test apparatus, a baseband signal representing I/Q data of one or more beamforming antennas; processing, by the test apparatus, the baseband signal representing I/Q data according to the selected radio channel model; and transmitting, by the test apparatus, the processed baseband signal representing I/Q data to a radio equipment under test.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for improved monitoring of cellular sites. The method includes identifying a first base station of one or more base stations, where the first base station has a base station status that is a down status. The method includes determining that a connection failure alarm for the first base station has not been triggered. Based on the determination that the connection failure alarm for the first base station has not been triggered, the method includes determining that the first base station is connected to a mediation server associated with the first base station. Based on the determination that the first base station is connected to the mediation server, the method includes updating the base station status for the first base station to be an up status.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a display control unit that displays map information including a plurality of points and a route between the plurality of points, and displays at least a setting screen that enables setting of a trigger and a task to be performed in a case where the trigger is established, on the basis of a predetermined input made to the map information.

Abstract: Methods and systems for wireless communication are provided. In one example, a method comprises: receiving, by a mobile device, a radio beam, the radio beam being a directional beam that propagates along an angle of departure with respect to an antenna that transmits the radio beam; identifying, by the mobile device, at least one of: the radio beam or a base station that operates the antenna; determining, by the mobile device, a position of the mobile device based on identifying at least one of the radio beam or the antenna of the base station; and outputting, by the mobile device, the position of the mobile device.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a video doorbell system includes a video doorbell device on an exterior surface of a structure and a chime kit within an interior of the structure. A transformer can be coupled in-series via electrical conductors with the video doorbell device and the chime kit. The chime kit can include an energy storage device that is charged via the electrical conductors. When a user activates a button on the video doorbell device power control circuitry within the video doorbell device can transmit a signal on the electrical conductors. Button detection circuitry within the chime kit can detect the signal and respond by transferring power from the energy storage device to a chime. While the chime is activated the transformer can continuously supply the video doorbell device with power.

Abstract: A method performed by a wireless device for enabling a determination of a reference signal configuration for downlink transmissions in a wireless communications network is provided. The wireless device obtains information indicating the number of used transform coefficients of the total number of transform coefficients determined in a transform-based channel estimator in the wireless device upon receiving a first downlink transmission according to a first reference signal configuration. Also, the wireless device determines, based on the obtained information, if the first reference signal configuration for downlink transmissions to the wireless device is to be modified or not. A wireless device for enabling a determination of a reference signal configuration for downlink transmissions in a wireless communications network is also provided. Further, a network node and method therein for determining a reference signal configuration for transmissions in a wireless communications network are provided.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide probe antenna determination methods and apparatuses. An exemplary method includes: determining N probe antenna models from preset M probe antenna models based on signal characteristic parameters of a first signal, where the first signal is a signal obtained after a transmit signal of an analog system is processed by a wireless channel model, the signal characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: a radiation energy value of the first signal in each direction and an angle power spectrum density of the first signal, the N probe antenna models are used to determine a probe antenna for testing a device under test, and both M and N are positive integers.

Abstract: Extensive resources can be required to stage, clean-and-screen, repair, diagnose, etc. a network device. To reduce the impact on resources, a diagnostic device is used to perform diagnostic testing or analysis of a network device, such as a set top box received at a facility. The diagnostic device connects to the network device via one or more connections to initiate a diagnostic testing and analysis. The network device sends diagnostic data to the diagnostic device which uses this data to generate a diagnostic report and/or sends this data to a network resource. The diagnostic testing or analysis is used to appropriately direct the network device, for example, for repair, redistribution, disposal, or other treatment.

Abstract: Examples described herein involve selecting a group coordinator device for a zone group. An example implementation includes: receiving an instruction to form a zone group comprising the first media device and the second media device; comparing a first one or more communication parameters corresponding to a network connection of the first media device to a second one or more communication parameters corresponding to a network connection of the second media device; identifying the first media device as a group coordinator of the zone group based on at least the indication that the first media device communicates with the router over the first communication frequency band; and configuring the first media device to provide data indicating audio content and audio content playback timing information to the second media device to facilitate synchronous playback of the audio content as the group coordinator of the zone group.

Abstract: Hybrid use of dual policies is provided to improve a communication system. In a multiple access scenario, when an inactive user equipment (UE) transitions to an active state, it may be become a burden to a radio cell on which it was previously camping. In some embodiments, hybrid load balancing is provided using a hierarchical machine learning paradigm based on reinforcement learning in which an LSTM generates a goal for one policy influencing cell reselection so that another policy influencing handover over active UEs can be assisted. The communication system as influenced by the policies is modeled as a Markov decision process (MDP). The policies controlling the active UEs and inactive UEs are coupled, and measureable system characteristics are improved. In some embodiments, policy actions depend at least in part on energy saving.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for detecting UAVs in an RF environment are disclosed. An apparatus is constructed and configured for network communication with at least one camera. The at least one camera captures images of the RF environment and transmits video data to the apparatus. The apparatus receives RF data and generates FFT data based on the RF data, identifies at least one signal based on a first derivative and a second derivative of the FFT data, measures a direction from which the at least one signal is transmitted, analyzes the video data. The apparatus then identifies at least one UAV to which the at least one signal is related based on the analyzed video data, the RF data, and the direction from which the at least one signal is transmitted, and controls the at least one camera based on the analyzed video data.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a communication technique for convergence between an IoT technology and a 5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate beyond a 4G system, and a system thereof. The disclosure may be applied to intelligence services (e.g., smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, healthcare, digital education, retail businesses, security and safety related services, etc.) according to a 5G communication system and an IoT related technology. In addition, the disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for controlling power of an IAB node in a wireless communication system.

Abstract: The disclosed technology proposes a new methodology to include the effect of speed and direction of a UE into the threshold used for determining when to switch between a 4G UL connection and a 5G UL connection. The system can use a lookup table with various speeds mapping to varying thresholds. The system can use an accelerometer sensor or digital compass to determine the direction of the vehicle, such as heading away from or toward the 5G site, so the vehicle can switch sooner from 5G-NR to LTE and from LTE to NR, respectively. For C-V2X applications, latency is an important factor because 5G technology provides shorter latency than 4G; thus keeping the link on 5G is preferred when under good coverage. Further, the idea is not limited to UL, 5G and/or vehicle technologies, but can also be applied to DL direction, Wi-Fi and/or drone technologies as well.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method comprises obtaining a physical location of a sensor on a device; determining that quality of data captured by the sensor physically located on the device is degraded based on a comparison of the captured data to a quality threshold; and, in response to determining that the quality of the data captured by the sensor is degraded, displaying a visual indicator on a display of the device. The visual indicator includes at least one non-textual component that directs a user to the physical location of the sensor on the device.

Abstract: Methods for transmitting data include sending a first probing packet using a first scanning beam, selected from a set of scanning beams. Feedback about the first probing packet is determined. A second probing packet is sent using a second scanning beam, selected from the set of scanning beams based on the determined feedback about the first probing packet. Feedback about the second probing packet is determined. A data transmission beam is determined based on the set of scanning beams and the received feedback about the first probing packet and the second probing packet. Data is transmitted using an antenna that is configured according to the determined transmission beam.

Abstract: A learning device executes learning of a discriminator that discriminates object data to a known class included in training data or an unknown class not included in the training data, using the training data. The learning device then generates a feature value of the unknown class, from a feature value of a plurality of layers of the discriminator, by at least a part of the training data in the layers. The learning device then executes the learning of the discriminator so that a feature value of the known class and the generated feature value of the unknown class are separated.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) switch system, an RF switch protective circuit, and a protecting method thereof are provided. The RF switch system may include an RF switch and a protective circuit. The RF switch may be connected between a port that receives an RF signal and a ground. The protective circuit may detect a first voltage that is a voltage that is generated when the first RF switch is turned off, and may transmit an impedance value that is varied based on the first voltage to the port.