Abstract: A heated development/transport roller having improved film release properties is provided by applying a fluorocarbon coating on the outer surface of the roller. The fluorocarbon coating may be applied onto the resilient layer surface of the roller by simply wiping a solution of the fluorocarbon material onto the resilient layer surface. There is no need for special coating conditions nor any post thermal curing or fusing conditions. The solvent is removed by application of heat either from the heating means of the roller or from an external heating source. The fluorocarbon coating provides improved film release and transport characteristics especially when applied to a hot silicone coated aluminum roller.

Abstract: A shaft assembly having desirably stable dimensions for forming a precise sheet drive nip in a sheet handling machine such as a reproduction machine. The shaft assembly includes a shaft member having an outer surface, and a sheet drive-effecting member formed on the outer surface of their shaft member. The sheet drive-effecting member consists essentially of a first dimensionally stable molded material and has desired external dimensions. Importantly, the drive-effecting member has a thermoplastic elastomeric (TPE) material layer formed over the desired external dimensions for forming the precise sheet drive nip. The TPE material consists essentially of a thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) including a vulcanized rubber phase and a plastic material phase.

Abstract: A method of developing latent electrostatic images and a developer-bearing member for use in the method are disclosed, which method includes the steps of (a) forming numerous micro closed electric fields near the surface of a rotatable developer-bearing member which comprises an electroconductive support and a surface layer formed thereon comprising an electroconductive organic polymeric matrix and numerous minute charge-retainable insulating segments distributed at least one the surface of the surface layer, by electrically charging the surface of the charge-retainable insulating segments; (b) supplying a one-component type developer comprising toner particles to the rotatable developer-bearing member to hold the developer on the rotatable developer-bearing member to hold the developer on the rotatable developer-bearing member by the numerous micro closed electric fields; and (c) bringing the rotatable developer-bearing member near or into contact with a latent-electrostatic-image-bearing member which bears

Abstract: A charging member, which is to be provided in contact with an object member and to which a voltage is to be applied to electrostatically charge the object member, has a substrate, and a metal layer and a surface layer of a seamless tube. The charging member may be used with a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus.

Abstract: Crosslinked fluorocarbon elastomer surfaces comprised of a fluorocarbon elastomer and an amino siloxane and a method for providing a crosslinked fluorocarbon elastomer surface on a fuser member supporting substrate which includes mixing together an acid acceptor, an emulsifier, water, and amino siloxane with a latex fluorocarbon elastomer are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement in connection with a spreader roll drive where the driving motor (6) is directly connected to one end of the spreader roll (1). The supports (4, 5) of the spreader roll (1) comprise rubber rings (19) which are flexible and will receive the angular changes. The motor (6) shaft (8) comprises an extension shaft (14), connected to rotate the roll segments (3) placed on bearings on the arched shaft (2).

Abstract: A conveyor diverter system comprising one or more conveyors, components for diverter systems having friction-enhancing outer surfaces, friction-enhancing layers and compositions that provide such surfaces are disclosed. In addition, methods of reducing the frequency or occurrence of articles being misdiverted by use of such systems, components, layers and compositions are described. The preferred embodiment of the friction-enhancing layer and composition disposed on the outer periphery of the diverter components comprises grit materials dispersed in a metallic material such that a particular grit surface density is achieved and grit particles protrude above the uppermost surface of the metallic layer within a range of particular distances.

Abstract: A rubber covered roll of a structure that a rubber layer is formed on the surface of a roll-like base is provided. The rubber layer is a layer formed of a vulcanizate of a rubber composition comprising 25-95 wt. % of copolymer rubber (A) obtained by copolymerizing 28-70 mol % of an alkylene oxide, 28-70 mol % of an epihalohydrin and 2-15 mol % of an ethylenically unsaturated epoxide, and 5-75 wt. % of unsaturated rubber (B). The rubber covered roll does not contaminate any photosensitive member, stably has a low electric resistance, and is low in dependence of electric resistance on environment and in hardness. An image-forming apparatus equipped with the rubber covered roll as a development roll or charging roll, and a rubber composition for the rubber covered roll are also provided.

Abstract: A laminating roll for laminating a layer of protective coating to an image-bearing layer, has a generally cylindrical metallic core and a generally cylindrical compliant and resilient covering surrounding the core. The core and covering both having positive crowns such that the diameter of the outer surfaces of the core and covering measured at central portions thereof are respectively greater than the diameters measured at end portions thereof. The differences between the diameters of the core at central and end portions of the core is greater than that of the covering. The thickness of the covering increases from the center to the ends of the roll.

Abstract: A hard, long wearing, thermally conductive fuser member comprising a base member and a surface layer wherein said surface layer includes a fluoroelastomer and an alumina filler having an average particle size of from about 0.5 to about 15 micrometers, said alumina being present in an amount to provide a thermal conductivity of at least about 0.24 watts/meter .degree.Kelvin in said surface layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a semiconductive silicone rubber composition comprising (A) an organopolysiloxane containing at least two aliphatic unsaturated groups, (B) reinforcing silica powder having a specific surface area of at least 50 m.sup.2 /g, (C) a conductive agent, (D) a hydrocarbon oil having a heat loss of up to 30% at 200.degree. C./4 hours, and (E) a curing agent. Cured silicone rubber of the composition has a resistance of 1.times.10.sup.3 to 1.times.10.sup.12 .OMEGA. which remains stable for long-term use. The semiconductive silicone rubber composition is appropriate as a semiconductive roll stock for the manufacture of charging rolls, transfer rolls and developing rolls in business machines.

Abstract: A paper feed roll is formed of a rubber composition comprising (A) a composite material having a low molecular weight material retained in a medium material and (B) a rubber material. The low molecular weight material has a viscosity of up to 5.times.10.sup.5 centipoise at 100.degree. C. The difference in solubility parameter between the low molecular weight material and the medium material is up to 3.0. The weight ratio of the low molecular weight material to the medium material is at least 1.0. The difference in solubility parameter between the low molecular weight material and the rubber material is up to 4.0. A paper feed apparatus comprising the paper feed roll is also provided.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus includes a movable member: a rotatable member for forming a nip with the movable member; wherein a recording material carrying an unfixed toner image is fed by the nip therethrough, and the unfixed toner image is fixed while it is being fed thereby; wherein the rotatable member comprises an electroconductive core, a low resistance layer electrically connected with the core and provided outside the core, and an insulation layer outside the low resistance layer; means for applying a bias voltage to the core of the rotatable member; an insulation member for covering an end surface of the low resistance layer of the rotatable member.

Abstract: A fuser member for fusing a thermoplastic resin toner image to a substrate having:(a) a rigid metal core;(b) a base cushion layer covering the metal core wherein the base cushion comprises a condensation cured polydimethylsiloxane or an addition cured silicone rubber;(c) a cured fluoroelastomer layer covering the base cushion layer;(d) an aminosilane adhesive coveting the fluoroelastomer layer; and(e) an amorphous fluoropolymer covering the aminosilane adhesive layer.

Abstract: To provide a pressing rotor for a heating-fixing apparatus to permanently fix a toner image transferred onto a recording material by passing the image through a nip portion formed by a heating rotator and a pressing rotator, in which the pressing rotator has an elastic layer and a surface layer, and the surface layer is a tube made of a mixture of a fluororesin and a high-friction-factor resin having a friction factor higher than that of the fluororesin, and moreover, provide a heating-fixing apparatus comprising a pressing rotator of the above structure.

Abstract: A roll having a rigid core and a non-adherent coating layer, wherein the non-adherent coating layer is obtained by obtaining a silane-modified fluororubber according to a radical addition reaction between a fluororubber (peroxide crosslinked fluororubber) including iodine and/or bromine and a silane compound having a group containing a radical reactive unsaturated bond and a hydrolytic group and then crosslinking the silane-modified fluororubber according to hydrolytic polycondensation.

Abstract: This invention provides a fuser member comprising a core having a polymeric coating wherein said wrinkle index of said fuser member is less than 75, said wrinkle index (WI) being calculated by the following formula: ##EQU1## where: S is the stiffness of the core in megaPascals (MPa);T is the thickness of said polymeric coating in millimeters (mm); andH is the hardness (Shore A) of the polymeric coating.

Abstract: A fixing roller and a fixing device including the fixing roller are disclosed. The fixing roller is provided with a base member and an offset prevention layer containing a hollow double shell conductive substance including a hollow inner shell and an outer shell. The offset prevention layer is subject to burning treatment after the surface is smoothed.

Abstract: This invention provides a highly efficient method for fabricating toner fixing rolls comprising a cured silicone rubber layer covering a metal core and a fluororesin film covering the silicone rubber layer. The characterizing feature of the present method is coating the inner surface of the fluororesin film with an organohydrogenpolysiloxane prior to contacting the film with the curable silicone rubber composition. The resultant roll is robust, highly toner-releasing; and low in hardness, and the fluororesin film and cured silicone rubber are firmly bonded to one another.

Abstract: A calender for the treatment of a paper web has at least one roller stack made of "hard" and "soft" rollers. The soft rollers have a covering made of a plastic whose recovery, after deformation, is such that the depth of the remaining deformation, after a faulty formation of up to 1 mm thick passes through the working nip is a maximum of 5 percent of the thickness of the faulty formation. In this way, paper characteristics that have previously been obtained using conventional 12-roller calender can be obtained with a lower number of rollers.

Abstract: A charging member has a conductive support, an elastic layer formed on the conductive support, and a tubing layer formed on the elastic layer. Fine particles are present between the tubing layer and a layer provided beneath the tubing layer is contact therewith.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a cylindrical compressible laminate using the floating knife or knife over roll spreading techniques to apply an inner compressible layer and outer or surface layer of a substantially incompressible material. The coating system includes a coating head to dispense an elastomeric material onto a rotating laminate and a knife blade that is parallel to the axis of rotation to distribute and spread a uniform coating of the elastomeric material. The knife blade can be raised incrementally on each rotation of the laminate so that an additional coating can be applied, until a layer of a desired thickness is obtained. In the preferred embodiment, the coatings are at least partially cured during each rotation.

Abstract: There is described a fuser member having a layer comprising a condensation-cured poly(dimethyl siloxane) elastomer filled with a mixture of tin oxide and zinc oxide whereinthe layer contains from about 5 to about 40 volume percent of said mixture and wherein the proportion of tin oxide to zinc oxide in said mixture is between about 25:1 and 1:25 by volume. The fuser member exhibits a good combination of properties such as improved creep resistance, decreased weight loss, improved hardness stability, or improved thermal conductivity compared with members using other filler materials, for example, tin oxide alone or zinc oxide alone.

Abstract: A fuser for fixing electrostatographic images comprising a fusing roll and a pressure roll is disclosed. The pressure roll has a rigid metal core coated with an amorphous fluoropolymer. The fluoropolymer has a surface energy up to 16 dyne/cm and a coefficient of friction from 0.4 to 1.0.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first image-forming member such as an electrophotographic photosensitive member, and an intermediate transfer member for receiving an image formed on the first image-bearing member and transferring the image onto a second image-bearing member such as plain paper. The intermediate transfer member has a surface layer comprising a binder and a powder dispersed therein. The binder is adjusted to have a tensile strength of at least 300 kg-f/cm.sup.2, an elongation of at least 150%, and a tensile stress of at most 250 kg-f/cm.sup.2 at an elongation of 100%. The powder may be a lubricating powder or an electroconductive powder.

Abstract: A resilient pressure roller of the large type that is of unitary construction with a rigid core, a central body of rubber or synthetic rubber of one durometer and a thin outer shell of another durometer. The body is given a nonlinear longitudinal profile and the shell is given a profile different from that of the body. The differences in profiles of the body and shell, along with their different durometers sum to develop approximately uniform nip profiles along the nip so as to minimize hysteresis heating and degradation in the roller and thereby provide a roller of greatly extended life expectancy.

Abstract: A process for the surface treatment of elastomers forming the outermost layer of a coated rotationally symmetrical body, the outer layer having a hardness of from 10 Shore A to 100 Shore D, wherein a high cycle motor spindle bearing a high-speed cutter head with cutting tips is brought into contact with the work material.

Abstract: An image fixing apparatus includes a fixing roller contactable to an unfixed image, and a back-up roller cooperable with the fixing roller to fix the unfixed image, wherein the back-up roller contains a fluorine surface active agent having an antistatic effect substantially to reduce electrostatic offset and enable the back-up roller to remove toner deposited on the fixing roller.

Abstract: A calender for webs of paper includes a hard roller having a smooth outer surface. A soft roller is disposed adjacent to the hard roller and forms a roll gap therebetween. The soft roller has a coating made of flexible plastic. The coating includes an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer is made of a first plastic material and the outer layer is made of a second plastic material. The outer layer has lesser flexibility and greater hardness than the inner layer. The outer layer has an outer surface having wear properties such that under normal operating conditions the average roughness R.sub.a does not exceed 0.5 .mu.m.

Abstract: A fuser member having as its outermost layer, a composite material comprising:a) a crosslinked, oxide filled, poly(dimethylsiloxane) which containsb) a non-crosslinked, non-reactive poly(dimethylsiloxane) oil having a viscosity of at least 25,000 CPS.

Abstract: To provide a hot roller type thermal fixation device, incorporated in an electrostatic recording apparatus, particularly suitable for the thermal fixation of a multicolor toner image, said apparatus comprising a plurality of electrostatic recording units arranged in series with each other, wherein the surface smoothness of a fixed toner image is maintained at a favorable level for a long period by providing an anti-abrasive treatment onto an elastomeric covering of the heating roller. An elastomeric covering (32b) is applied on the surface of a heating roller (32) of a hot roller type thermal fixation device (22), and an anti-abrasive covering (32c) is further applied on the elastomeric covering.

Abstract: A fusing member and a method for preparing such a fusing member are disclosed. The method has the steps of conversion coating a support member; applying a base cushion of thermally insulating silicone elastomer over the conversion coating; vulcanizing the base cushion; and baking the support member and the base cushion for at least 30 minutes at a temperature in excess of the temperature necessary to vulcanize the base cushion in less than 10 minutes.

Abstract: A contact charging member to be abutted against a charge-receiving member and supplied with a voltage for charging the charge-receiving member is provided. The charging member includes an electroconductive substrate, an elastic layer and a surface layer disposed in lamination. The surface layer comprises crosslinked polymer crosslinked by irradiation with an electron beam. The surface layer may preferably be in the form of a seamless tube formed of the crosslinked polymer. The surface layer crosslinked by electron beam irradiation is less liable to suffer from transfer of a crosslinking agent or a decomposition product thereof to the charge-receiving member. Accordingly, the charging member shows improved durability and stably uniform charging ability suitable for electrophotographic image formation under various environmental conditions.

Abstract: A conductive roll including a conductive shaft, a conductive rubber foam layer formed on an outer circumferential surface of the conductive shaft, and a semi-conductive solid rubber layer formed on an outer circumferential surface of the conductive rubber foam layer. The conductive roll is produced by forming a cylindrical laminar body which gives the conductive rubber foam layer and semi-conductive solid rubber layer, and simultaneously vulcanizing and foaming the laminar body in a mold in which the conductive shaft is placed in position.

Abstract: An electrophotographic development apparatus capable of maintaining the surface roughness of a developer roller thereof for a long term or even for the life span of the apparatus. The developer roller includes an elastic layer, formed on a core metal shaft, and made of a rubber elastic material with additional insulating micro-powder of 30 to 200 parts having a particle diameter in a range of 1 to 50 micrometers, where the amount of the rubber elastic material constitutes 100 parts. During a printing operation, the insulating micro-powder drops from the elastic layer as the rubber elastic material is worn, so that the developer roller can maintain its surface roughness in proportion to the particle diameter of the dropped powder.

Abstract: A long life heat and pressure roll fuser apparatus. The roll fuser apparatus is characterized by the provision of a heated fuser roll having a hard core with two discrete elastomeric layers thereon. The outer elastomeric layer is provided for its good toner release and copy quality properties. The other of the two elastomeric layer is selected for its high degree of resistance to wear due to paper edge contact.

Abstract: A fluid transfer roller for use in offset printing for picking up a film of water and transferring it to a printing plate consists of a rigid core with an outer layer of foamed-in-place, partially open-celled foam.

Abstract: There is provided a fuser member having as its outermost layer, a substantially homogeneous composite comprising:a) a continuous phase of a fluorocarbon elastomer selected from vinylidene fluoride based fluoroelastomers containing hexafluoropropylene and terpolymers of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene and tetrafluoroethylene; andb) a discontinuous phase of a flourinated resin having a molecular weight between about 4,000 and 25,000.

Abstract: A fuser member having a core and a layer overlying the core. The layer includes: an addition crosslinked polyorganosiloxane elastomer, and zinc oxide particles dispersed therein in a concentration of from 5 to 40 percent of the total volume of the layer.

Abstract: A heating device, which can be used in the fixing unit of an image forming apparatus, such as an electrophotographic copying or printing machine, for fixing a toner image on a final substrate. The heating device which is in the form of a heated fuser roller is provided with bands or coatings of material which impede the transfer of heat from the fuser roller to bearing structure associated therewith. The bands or coatings are applied by plasma spraying a ceramic material on either the surface of a fuser roll core or on journals of end caps, depending upon the specific construction of the fuser roller.

Abstract: Toner fusing members having a surface layer comprising a substrate coated with a fluorocarbon-silicone polymeric composition are obtained by concurrently curing a fluorocarbon copolymer, a nucleophilic fluorocarbon-curing agent and a heat-curable polyfunctional polymethylsiloxane polymer.

Abstract: A silicone rubber roll is characteristically prepared on a metallic center by forming a layer of the cured product of a silicone rubber composition which comprises (A) organopolysiloxane, in which the total amount of low molecular weight siloxanes having a degree of polymerization ranging from 3 to 20 is controlled to be at most 10,000 ppm, (B) reinforcing silica powder with a specific surface area of at least 50 m.sup.2 /g, (C) silicone elastomer particles with an average particle size of 200 .mu.m, in which the total amount of low molecular weight siloxanes having a degree of polymerization ranging from 3 to 20 is 2,000 ppm or less, and (D) a curing agent.

Abstract: A contact charger for charging an outer surface of an electrostatic latent image carrier in contact therewith wherein the charging member includes a co-cured polychloroprene and ECO mixture electrically connected to a conductive substrate. The cured homogeneous mixture is covered with an adhesion resistant layer.

Abstract: A printing sleeve including a nickel sleeve having an inner surface and an outer surface and opposite ends and a hard rubber layer bonded to the outer surface and having end portions extending beyond the opposite ends of the nickel sleeve, and an inner surface on the end portions of the hard rubber layer which are substantially in line with the inner surface of the nickel sleeve.

Abstract: A development apparatus for developing a latent electrostatic image on an imaging substrate in a liquid electrographic imaging system includes a cleaning roller for removing back-plated developer from a development device such as a development roller, and a squeegee apparatus for removing both "drip-line" developer liquid and "wrap-around" developer liquid from the imaging substrate. The squeegee apparatus may include a squeegee roller having a crowned profile and a loading mechanism configured to achieve a uniform loading force across a pressure nip formed between the squeegee roller and the imaging substrate. The cleaning roller may include a fiber cleaning media and fluid delivery means for flushing back-plated developer from the cleaning media. The development apparatus also may include means for spacing the development apparatus relative to the imaging substrate without contacting the imaging substrate, thereby avoiding disruption of the motion quality of the imaging substrate.

Abstract: A fixing device has a pair of rollers which are pressed against to each other to form a nip therebetween. A recording medium which carries a non-fixed image is clamped and conveyed by the nip to perform fixing. At least one of the pair of rollers has a mixture layer prepared by mixing a perfluoroelastomer having rubber elasticity and a fluorine resin.

Abstract: The center roll in the paper machine is made of a ceramic or metal-ceramic basic material. At least one portion of the center roll is coated or soaked with a polymer coating in order to obtain the desired adhesion properties of the face of the center roll.

Abstract: 05567494An inexpensive roll for electrostatic charge having the simple layer structure not affected by working environmental conditions, not developing exuding phenomena such as bleeding and blooming, generating no leaks and being able to conduct a uniform, stable electrostatic charge, which comprises a core member, and a conductive elastomer layer and a surface layer laminated thereon in this order, the surface layer having a conductive material dispersed therein, wherein the surface layer has a higher electrical resistance in an outermost surface region thereof and formed of a thermosetting binder resin containing carbon black dispersed therein by electrostatic deposition.

Abstract: A roll for selective use as either a support drum or as a rider roll in a winder for winding a traveling paper web into a relatively large diameter wound web roll has a body with an outer, elastomeric cover. The elastomeric cover includes a pattern, open to the surface, arranged such that the percent of volumetric void for a unit of cover volume is such that the effective hardness of the cover ranges between about 30 Shore "A" to about 55 Shore "A" where the roll is a support drum, and between about 40 Shore "A" to about 65 Shore "A" when the roll is a rider roll. In addition, the elastomeric material has an absolute hardness of about 65 Shore "A", or less, for a support drum, and about 75 Shore "A", or less, for a rider roll, and a Poisson's ratio of between about 0.47 to about 0.499.

Abstract: A roll and a method for coating a roll in a paper machine with powder of thermo-plastic and/or specialty plastic. The coating is carried out by spraying by using hyper-sonic plasma.