And Divalent Metal Oxide Other Than Alkaline Earth Oxide Or Magnesium Oxide Patents (Class 501/138)
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Patent number: 5023032Abstract: This invention relates to new ceramic electrostrictive compositions having superior electrical properties, a process for the preparation of the new electrostrictive compositions and applications for the new compositions. Specifically, a solid solution composition of lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate--(barium titanate or stronium titanate) has exhibited desirable electrostrictive properties. This composition shows a diminished dependence of dielectric constant on temperature.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 1990Date of Patent: June 11, 1991Assignee: Martin Marietta CorporationInventors: Alex E. Bailey, Stephen R. Winzer, Audrey E. Sutherland, Andrew P. Ritter
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Patent number: 5017534Abstract: The disclosure concerns the fabrication, by chemical process, of a ceramic material belonging to the system:Ba.sub.x Sr.sub.1-x (Ti.sub.u Zr.sub.v Hf.sub.w)O.sub.3The fabrication method comprises the following steps:preparation of an alcohol solution containing at least one titanium, zirconium or hafnium alcoholate,preparation of a determined quantity of hydrated barium hydroxide and/or hydrated strontium hydroxide in solid state;under violent shaking, dissolving of the hydroxide or hydroxides in the alcohol solution, and continuing of the reaction until a paste is obtained,drying of the paste obtained.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 1989Date of Patent: May 21, 1991Assignee: Compagnie Europeenne de Composants Electroniques -LCCInventors: Frederic Chaput, Jean-Pierre Boilot
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Patent number: 5011804Abstract: An improved ceramic dielectric composition for preparing multilayer ceramic structures for electronic devices and a method of enhancing the sinterability of such compositions at low firing temperatures by improving the distribution of zinc borate based sintering flux uniformly throughout the composition.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1990Date of Patent: April 30, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Horacio E. Bergna, Ian Burn
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Patent number: 4988650Abstract: An auxiliary agent for sintering ceramics comprises a basic composition consisting essentially of (a) 5 to 40 mol % of at least two oxides selected from the group consisting of ZnO, SnO and MnO, the sum of the contents of ZnO and MnO being not less than 5 mol %, (b) 5 to 40 mol % of at least one metal oxide expressed by the general formula: RO where R is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, Ca and Mg, and (c) 30 to 70 mol % of (Ti, Si)O.sub.2, the content of SiO.sub.2 being not less than 15 mol %. The auxiliary agent may contain at least one additive selected from the group consisting of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, B.sub.2 O.sub.3, CuO, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5, Ga.sub.2 O.sub.3, GeO.sub.2, Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, ZrO.sub.2, WO.sub.3, MoO.sub.2, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, CoO, NiO, PbO and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1989Date of Patent: January 29, 1991Assignee: Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Takagi, Yukio Sakabe
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Patent number: 4987107Abstract: A ceramic composition for a reduction-reoxidation type semiconductive capacitor, comprising (A) barium titanate or barium titanate and strontium titanate, (B) titanium oxide, and (C) at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of the oxides severally of La, Ce, Nb, Nd, Dy, Y, Sb, W, and Ta in a molar ratio of 100:0.01.about.15:0.01.about.10 and further comprising (D) 0.001 to 1% by weight, based on the total amount of the compounds, (A), (B), and (C), of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of the oxides severally of Cu, Zn, Al, Mg, and Mo and exhibiting a breakdown voltage of not less than 900 V, and insulation resistance of not less than 10.sup.10 .OMEGA., an electrostatic capacity per unit surface area of not less than 0.06 .mu.F/cm.sup.2, and a low dielectric loss, tan .delta., of not more than 2.0%.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1989Date of Patent: January 22, 1991Assignee: Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kazuhito Narumi, Fumio Takeuchi, Michiaki Sakaguchi
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Patent number: 4987108Abstract: A dielectric paste for fabrication of multilayer ceramic substrates containing capacitive circuits. The paste comprises a dielectric powder composed of a dielectric material and a vitreous binder suspended in an organic vehicle. The dielectric material consists essentially of a composition expressed by the general formula:{(Ba.sub.1-x-y-z Sr.sub.x Ca.sub.y Mg.sub.z)O}.sub.m .multidot.(Ti.sub.1-u Zr.sub.u)O.sub.2wherein x, y, z, u and m take values within the following respective ranges: 0.ltoreq.x<0.30, 0.ltoreq.y<0.30, 0.ltoreq.z<0.05, 0.ltoreq.u<0.25, 1.ltoreq.m<1.03, and the vitreous binder consists essentially of a composition expressed by the general formula:.alpha.Li.sub.2 O.multidot..beta.BaO.multidot..gamma.B.sub.2 O.sub.3 .multidot.(1-.alpha.-.beta.-.gamma.)SiO.sub.2wherein .alpha., .beta. and .gamma. are molar ratios of the respective ingredients and take values within the following respective ranges: 0.ltoreq..alpha.<0.25, 0.1.ltoreq..beta.<0.5, 0.1<.gamma.<0.5, and 0.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 1988Date of Patent: January 22, 1991Assignee: Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Takagi, Yoshiaki Mori, Hiroji Tani, Yukio Sakabe
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Patent number: 4978646Abstract: This invention relates to the production of ceramic materials which exhibit a dielectric constant in excess of 105, when measured at room temperature, and a small temperature coefficient of capacitance across the temperature range of -55.degree. to 125.degree. C., when compared to the capacitance measured at room temperature, which material has a composition encompassed within one of the following general formulae:(Bi.sub.2 O.sub.2).sup.2+ (A.sub.m-1 B.sub.m O.sub.3m+1).sup.2- ; (I)(Bi.sub.2 O.sub.2).sup.2+ (A.sub.m-1 B.sub.m Zr.sub..beta. O.sub.3m+.delta.+1).sup.2- ; and (II)(Bi.sub.2 O.sub.2).sup.2+ (A.sub.m-1 B.sub.m Mn.sub..gamma. O.sub.3m+.delta.+1).sup.2- (III)(Bi.sub.2 O.sub.2).sup.2+ (A.sub.m-1 B.sub.m Zr.sub..beta. Mn.sub..gamma. O.sub.3m+.delta.+1).sup.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1989Date of Patent: December 18, 1990Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventors: Pronob Bardhan, Roger F. Bartholomew, Donald M. Trotter, Jr., Chyang J. Yu
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Patent number: 4968649Abstract: The present invention provides a dielectric ceramic composition for use in a high-frequency range represented by the general formula (1-x)Ba.sub.1- y(Zn.sub.1/3, Ta.sub.2/3)O.sub.3 +xBa.sub.1-y ZrO.sub.3. In the formula, y is 0.004.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.013 and x is the amount of substitution of Ba.sub.1-y ZrO.sub.3 and 0<x.ltoreq.0.06. This composition is prepared by weighing raw materials so that the mixing ratio of Ba is slightly smaller than that of the stoichiometric composition, calcining the resultant mixture to prepare a calcination product, grinding the calcination product through only dry process without conducting wet pulverization, molding the resultant powder, and sintering the molded product at 1600.degree. to 1700.degree. C. for 1 to 10 hr.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1989Date of Patent: November 6, 1990Assignee: Fuji Electrochemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Michiaki Tsurumi, Kenji Fujimoto, Kazuaki Endo
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Patent number: 4960739Abstract: A dielectric material for use in a microwave resonator comprises 78.1 mol % of TiO.sub.2, 15.7 to 17.8 mol % of BaO, 4.00 ml % of SnO.sub.2 and at least one of 0.1 to 1.0 mol % of SrO and 0.1 to 1.2 mol % of CaO.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 1990Date of Patent: October 2, 1990Assignee: Sumitomo Special Metal Co., Ltd.Inventor: Keisuke Kageyama
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Patent number: 4960551Abstract: A modified lead barium titanate ceramic which has a fundamental composition of (Ba.sub.1-x-y Sb.sub.y Pb.sub.x)TiO.sub.3, where x is not greater than 0.9 and usually not smaller than 0.6 and y is from 0.001 to 0.1, and has a high positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (PTCR) over a range of temperature higher than about 350.degree. C. at the lower boundary, is produced by using a metal salt of an organic acid such as lead titanate salt of oxalic acid as the source of Pb and by adding at least one of BaCO.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, BN and TiO.sub.2 to the raw materials of the above fundamental composition. After thermally decomposing the organic acid metal salt the mixture of the raw materials including the additive(s) is compacted and sintered.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1988Date of Patent: October 2, 1990Assignee: Central Glass Company, LimitedInventors: Takamitsu Eonomoto, Hiroshi Ueda, Midori Kawahara, Naoki Okada, Noboru Murata
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Patent number: 4946810Abstract: Methods of producing ABO.sub.3 compounds in which A represents a first metal ion and B represents a second metal ion from mixed metal coordination complexes are disclosed. The methods involve reacting compounds serving as a source of the B metal ion with a substituted aromatic compound, in solution, and thereafter reacting the metal coordination complex formed with a compound serving as a source of the A metal, in solution. An example is the reaction of titanium tetraisopropoxide with catechol to form a titanium catecholate coordination complex which is thereafter reacted with barium hydroxide octahydrate to form a pentamethanol barium triscatecholatotitanate mixed metal coordination complex which can be calcined at elevated temperatures to produce the ABO.sub.3 compound, barium titanate (BaTiO.sub.3), which is known to have outstanding dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. Portions of the A and/or B ions can be substituted with other metals.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 1989Date of Patent: August 7, 1990Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Robert H. Heistand, II, Lawrence G. Duquette
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Patent number: 4939108Abstract: The present invention provides ceramic compositions for preparing multi-layer capacitors, having high dielectric constants between about 4900 and 5400, dissipation factors below about 2.0%, high insulation resistance capacitance products and stable temperature coefficient characteristics, by a process of mixing a major oxide component with one or more precipitated dopant components.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 1988Date of Patent: July 3, 1990Assignee: TAM Ceramics, Inc.Inventor: Terrence C. Dean
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Patent number: 4929574Abstract: Novel compositions containing finely divided barium titanate particulates homogeneously dispersed in a solid organic matrix material, the barium titanate particles having a mean diameter of at least 1 micron, are well adopted for the production of electromagnetic wave absorbers, e.g., seals for microwave ovens.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 1989Date of Patent: May 29, 1990Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventors: Alain Iltis, Patrick Maestro
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Patent number: 4925817Abstract: A non-reducible dielectric ceramic composition comprising barium titanate as the main component, which contains an additive expressed by the formula Ba.sub..alpha. Ca.sub.1-.alpha. SiO.sub.3 (0.43.ltoreq..alpha..ltoreq.0.62) in an amount of from 0.1 to 6 mol parts per 100 mol parts of the barium titanate.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1989Date of Patent: May 15, 1990Assignee: TDK CorporationInventors: Masaaki Ikeda, Wataru Takahara
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Patent number: 4904411Abstract: Slurries or suspensions for forming sintered ceramic or metallic articles are described as having a high volume fraction of sinterable particles, at least 55% by volume. while the slurries maintain a pourable viscosity, such as not more that 2000 cPs at 100 s.sup.-1 ; the slurries can be dilatant and/or pseudoplastic. The slurries are prepared by using specific families of dispersants; namely acrylic acid-based polymeric polyelectrolytes, polyethylene imine-based polyelectrolytes, and coupling agents from the subfamilies of oxy-silane esters and phosphate esters. Fabrication of the compositions includes milling under high energy and the addition of at least a portion of the particles in a step-wise manner.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 1988Date of Patent: February 27, 1990Assignee: Ceramics Process Systems Corp.Inventors: Bruce E. Novich, Mark A. Occhionero, Richard L. Pober
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Patent number: 4898844Abstract: A ceramic includes a dielectric ceramic body that is made by mixing powders of two barium titanate compositions of widely disparate Curie temperature with a minor quantity of a borate flux and a sintering-inhibitor such as titania or bismuth oxide. A body is formed of this start powders mixture. Upon sintering to maturity at about 1100.degree. C., the capacitor body becomes only partially co-reacted and has a dielectric constant around 2000 that varies no more than about 15% over a board operating temperature range. These properties are not a strong function of sintering conditions leading to good control at manufacturing.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1986Date of Patent: February 6, 1990Assignee: Sprague Electric CompanyInventors: Galeb H. Maher, Susan E. Stefanik
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Patent number: 4897219Abstract: It is a voltage-dependent non-linear resistance ceramic composition comprising SrTiO.sub.3 as host material, Dy.sub.2 O.sub.3 or Dy.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 or Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 or Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 and Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 as accelerating agent for semiconductorization, thereby changing crystal to a low resistance, and changing crystal boundary to a high resistance.In case Dy.sub.2 O.sub.3 or Dy.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 are used as the accelerating agent for semiconductorization, one kind or more selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Ca, Cd, In, Ba, Pb, Ag, Ce, La, Sc, Y, Cs, Au, Mg, Zr, Sn, Sb, W, Bi, Ni, Fe, Ga, Pt, Tl, Al, Si, Be, Li, Eu, Gd, Tb, Tm, Lu, Th, Ir, Os, Hf and Ru. Alternatively, in case Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 or Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 and Nb.sub.2 O.sub.Type: GrantFiled: November 7, 1988Date of Patent: January 30, 1990Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Keiichi Noi, Akihiro Takami, Kazuhide Ebine, Kimiko Kumazawa
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Patent number: 4882305Abstract: The present invention provides ceramic compositions for preparing multi-layer capacitors (MLCs) having high dielectric constants between about 3000 and 4700 and stable temperature coefficients (TC) prepared from high purity barium titanate, niobium pentoxide and cobalt oxide.Type: GrantFiled: October 9, 1987Date of Patent: November 21, 1989Assignee: TAM Ceramics, Inc.Inventors: Mike S. H. Chu, Charles E. Hodgkins, Terence C. Dean
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Patent number: 4863883Abstract: The present invention relates to a variety of dispersible doped multi-component BaTiO.sub.3 based powder compositions. The primary particles of each of the products are substantially spherical, have sizes in the range of 0.05 to 0.4 microns and have narrow size distributions. Further, the compositions of the primary particles, forming each powder, are comparable. The amount of dopant oxide or oxides contained in the powder composition ranges from between greater than 1 to 10 mole percent. Regardless of the dopant or dopants utilzied, all the powder compositions of the present invention are identified by the same unique morphological characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1988Date of Patent: September 5, 1989Assignee: Cabot CorporationInventors: Jameel Menashi, Robert C. Reid, Laurence P. Wagner
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Patent number: 4861736Abstract: A semiconductive ceramic composition for a reduction reoxidation type semiconductive ceramic capacitor capable of increasing capacitor, dielectric strength of the capacitor and improving temperature characteristics of the capacitor. The composition includes a BaTIO.sub.3 base component and a minor component consisting of Nb and Ce. Nb and Ce are present in amounts of 0.2 to 3.0 mol % on Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 and CeO.sub.2 bases. Addition of Co and the like increases insulation resistance and D.C. breakdown voltage of the capacitor and further improves temperature characteristics of the capacitor.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1987Date of Patent: August 29, 1989Assignee: TDK CorporationInventors: Shuichi Ono, Masahiro Yahagi, Shuichi Itagaki, Nobuaki Kikuchi
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Patent number: 4855266Abstract: A dielectric composition is claimed consisting essentially of a donor- and acceptor-doped BaTiO.sub.3 having an intergranular phase of flux containing both glass-forming and glass-modifying ions. that can be co-fired in a low oxygen-containing atmosphere for the manufacture of multilayer capacitors having copper internal electrodes.Type: GrantFiled: February 18, 1988Date of Patent: August 8, 1989Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Ian Burn
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Patent number: 4845062Abstract: A composition for the preparation of low-firing dielectric layers comprising an admixture of finely divided particles of:(a) MgTiO.sub.3 ;(b) 0-10% wt., basis total solids, CaTiO.sub.3 ;(c) 5-10% wt., basis total solids, zinc borate frit in which the atomic ratio of zinc to boron is 1-3, the frit containing 0-5% wt., basis total solids, BaO, and in which up to 50 mol % of the B.sub.2 O.sub.3 is replaced by Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ;(d) 0-5% wt., basis total solids, of a barium compound selected from BaCO.sub.3, BaTiO.sub.3 and mixtures thereof; and(e) an amount of a divalent metal oxide or precursor thereof selected from MgO, CaO, ZnO and mixtures thereof in an amount approximately molarly equivalent to the amount of BaTiO.sub.3 in the composition, the total amount of Ba in the composition, calculated as BaO, being 1-5% wt. of the total solids, the solids being free of Pb-, Bi- and Cd-containing compounds.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1987Date of Patent: July 4, 1989Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Ian Burn
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Patent number: 4843046Abstract: Disclosed herein is a ceramic composition of high dielectric constant which comprises the major constituents of PbO, La.sub.2 O.sub.3, MO, ZrO.sub.2, and TiO.sub.2 in the ratio defined by the formula below.(1-x-y)PbO.multidot.x/2La.sub.2 O.sub.3 .multidot.yMo.multidot.(1-z)ZrO.sub.2 .multidot.zTiO.sub.2where,M represents Ba and/or Sr;0.06.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.300.03.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.480.20.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.50and an additive represented by PbWo.sub.4 and/or Pb(Mg.sub.1/2 W.sub.1/2)O.sub.3 in an amount of 1-40 wt % (in total) based on the above-mentioned major constituents (provided that the amount of PbWO.sub.4 is less than 15 wt % of the amount of the major constituents and the amount of Pb(Mg.sub.1/2 W.sub.1/2)O.sub.3 is less than 40 wt % of the amount of the major constituents). Less than 5 mol % of all Pb in the composition may be replaced by Ag and/or less than 6 mol % of all Pb in the composition may be replaced by Bi.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1987Date of Patent: June 27, 1989Assignee: Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takashi Yamaguchi, Takeshi Inoue, Masashi Saito
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Patent number: 4832939Abstract: The present invention involves a method for producing a variety of barium titanate based powder products consisting of submicron, dispersible primary particles having narrow size distributions. The method, in its broadest aspects, involves heating an aqueous slurry of PbO, or Pb(OH).sub.2, and Ca(OH).sub.2 with a stoichiometric excess of the hydrous oxides of Ti(IV), Sn(IV), Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) to a temperature not exceeding 200.degree. C. Thereafter, the resulting slurry temperature is adjusted to between 50.degree. and 200.degree. C. and a solution of Ba(OH).sub.2 and Sr(OH).sub.2, having a temperature of 70.degree. to 100.degree. C. is added within a period of five minutes or less to the slurry. About 10 minutes after the addition of the Ba(OH).sub.2 and Sr(OH).sub.2 solution is completed, the slurry is heated to a temperature not exceeding 225.degree. C. to ensure formation of a stoichiometric perovskite product. Thereafter, the slurry is cooled and the solid product is recovered.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1988Date of Patent: May 23, 1989Assignee: Cabot CorporationInventors: Jameel Menashi, Robert C. Reid, Laurence P. Wagner
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Patent number: 4829033Abstract: Barium titanate based dielectric compositions having the general formula Ba.sub.(1-x-x'-x") Pb.sub.x Ca.sub.x' Sr.sub.x" Ti .sub.(1-y-y'-y") Sn.sub.y Zr.sub.y' Hf.sub.y" O.sub.3, wherein x, x', x" and y, y', y" represent mole fractions of the divalent and tetravalent cations and x and x' have independent value greater than 0.01 and less than 0.3 and x", y, y' and y" have independent values greater than zero and less than 0.3, such that the sum (x+x'+x") is greater than 0.01 and less than 0.4 and the sum (y+y'+y") does not exceed 0.4. Regardless of the specific composition selected, the products of the invention have a mean primary particle size in the range of 0.05 to 0.4 microns with a very narrow particle size distribution. The products are dispersible so that the mean particle size determined by image anaylsis and by sedimentation are comparable.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1988Date of Patent: May 9, 1989Assignee: Cabot CorporationInventors: Jameel Menashi, Robert C. Reid, Laurence Wagner
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Patent number: 4829032Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition suitable for use in microwave regions including a mixture of 15-25 mol % of BaO and 85-75 mol % of TiO.sub.2, and Ba(Ni.sub.1/3 Ta.sub.2/3)O.sub.3 in an amount of less than 0.2% based on the weight of the mixture. The ceramic composition may further include one or more metal oxides selected from La.sub.2 O.sub.3, Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 in an amount of 0.1-1.2% based on the weight of said mixture.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1987Date of Patent: May 9, 1989Assignee: NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mizuno Fumio, Ito Kenji
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Patent number: 4824813Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition consisting essentially of a BaO-TiO.sub.2 -WO.sub.3 ternary system wherein molar percentages of BaO, TiO.sub.2 and WO.sub.3 are within the range enclosed by a line joining the points of A(21.5, 78.5, 0), B(40.0, 30.0, 30.0), C(37.0, 30.0, 33.0), D(20.0, 75.0, 5.0), E(21.5, 75.0, 3.5) and A of a composition diagram shown in the attached FIGURE, the range excluding molar percentages of BaO, TiO.sub.2 and WO.sub.3 laying on a line joining said points A, E and D. In the dielectric ceramic composition, up to 10 mole % of TiO.sub.2 may be replaced by tetravalent metal oxide and, further, MnO is contained in amounts of 3 mole % or less with respect to 100 mole % of the sum of BaO, TiO.sub.2 and WO.sub.3. Since the dielectric ceramic composition has a beneficial combination of dielectric properties, particularly a high Q, properly small dielectric constant and sufficiently small temperature coefficient of resonant frequency, .tau..sub.f, and .tau..sub.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1987Date of Patent: April 25, 1989Assignee: Narumi China CorporationInventors: Shinsuke Yano, Susumu Nishigaki, Hiroshi Kato, Toshio Nonomura
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Patent number: 4816430Abstract: Ceramic dielectric compositions having a dielectric constant of between about 3,000 to 4,000; dissipation factors of below about 1.8%, insulation resistance times capacitance products of about 10,000 ohm-farads at 25.degree. C. and above 1,000 ohm-farads at 125.degree. C. and stable temperature coefficient characteristics. In one embodiment, the dielectric constant of the present invention does not vary by more than .+-.15 percent over a temperature range of -55.degree. C. to 125.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1987Date of Patent: March 28, 1989Assignee: Tam Ceramics, Inc.Inventor: Michael S. H. Chu
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Patent number: 4812426Abstract: According to the invention a powder of lead-containing oxides and a process for preparing the same for the production of an element for electrical and other applications are provided. The powder is prepared by mixing and calcining a powder of oxides of metals other than lead, lead-containing oxides, metal substances forming the oxides upon calcination or mixtures thereof, adding and mixing a powder of a lead substance to obtain a mixture and then calcining the mixture. The powder includes a Perovskite type lead-containing oxides of the formula of ABO.sub.3 wherein A is a metal element coordinated with 12 oxygen atoms and containing at least lead, and B is a metal element coordinated with 6 oxygen atoms. A phase containing the lead forms a skin layer of the powder.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1987Date of Patent: March 14, 1989Assignee: Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Touichi Takagi, Kohei Ametani, Kouichi Shimizu
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Patent number: 4803591Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition for multilayer ceramic capacitors is provided which consisting essentially of 94.70-99.39 mole % of barium titanate, 0.50-3.00 mole % of niobium pentoxide, 0.10-2.00 mole % of zinc oxide, and 0.01-0.30 mole % in terms of manganese dioxide.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1987Date of Patent: February 7, 1989Assignee: Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Company, Ltd.Inventors: Yasuo Miyashita, Masao Kashima
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Patent number: 4781859Abstract: A voltage-dependent non-linear resistance ceramic composition comprises SrTiO.sub.3, Sr.sub.1-x Ba.sub.x TiO.sub.3 (0.001.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.300) or Sr.sub.1-x Ca.sub.x TiO.sub.3 (0.001.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.300) as host material and further includes 0.001-2.000 mol % of Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 as metal oxide for semiconductorization acceleration, 0.001-3.000 mol % of metal oxide(s) of at least one selected from the group consisting of Ca.sub.2 O.sub.3, CuO, Ag.sub.2 O, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, ZrO.sub.2, Bao, SiO.sub.2, MgO, B.sub.2 O.sub.3, MnO.sub.2, NiO, MoO.sub.3 BeO, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, Li.sub.2 O, Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, PbO, CaO, TiO.sub.2, P.sub.2 O.sub.5, Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 and V.sub.2 O.sub.5, which segregates at grain boundary to make the grain boundary selectively to high resistances; an element made of the composition has both characteristics of capacitance and varistor, and is suitable for filter to remove noise or surge.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1986Date of Patent: November 1, 1988Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventor: Keiichi Noi
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Patent number: 4775649Abstract: A dielectric resonator to be advantageously used in 0.5-6 GHz band and having a large unloaded Q value, and adequate relative dielectric constant, a good stability of .tau..sub.f and a superior linearity of temperature characteristic of the resonance frequency, may be constituted by the dielectric porcelain composition expressed by the formula:Ba.sub.x Sr.sub.y Ca.sub.z (Zn.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3).sub.1-t Ti.sub.t O.sub.3in which x+y+z=1, x is within the range of 0 to 0.5, y is within the range of 0.5 to 0.999, z is within the range of 0.001 to 0.20 and t is within the range of 0.001 to 0.25.Type: GrantFiled: July 22, 1986Date of Patent: October 4, 1988Assignee: Ube Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Ryozo Kitoh, Mikio Hitaka, Tetsuya Fujimoto
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Patent number: 4769354Abstract: A type I dielectric composition based on neodymium titanate is formed of a mixture comprising 58% to 78% by weight of neodymium titanate (Nd.sub.2 O.sub.3 -3TiO.sub.2), 10 to 21% by weight of lead titanate (PbTiO.sub.3), 5% to 14% by weight of barium titanate (BaTiO.sub.3), 4% to 15% by weight of barium zirconate (BaZrO.sub.3) and 0.2% to 1.2% by weight of yttrium oxide (Y.sub.2 O.sub.3).Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1987Date of Patent: September 6, 1988Assignee: Compagnie Europeene de Composants Electroniques LCCInventors: Alain Beauger, Claude J. Schneider, Alain Rossello
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Patent number: 4767732Abstract: To obtain a ceramic material having a high dielectric constant (K=2300 to 7000), a high insulation resistance (CR=4000 to 18000 ohmF), a low temperature dependence (.+-.10%) to (.+-.22, -33%) upon dielectric constant over a wide temperature range (-55 and +125.degree. C.) and a relatively low sintering temperature (1000.degree. C. to 1250.degree. C.), BaTiO.sub.3 powder at least 50 wt % of which is 0.7 to 3 .mu.m in particle size) is mixed with another compound with perovskite structure mainly composed of oxides of Pb, Ba, Sr, Zn, Nb, Mg and Ti before sintering. Further, part of Ti of BaTiO.sub.3 is substitutable with Zr or Sn, and part of Ba of BaTiO.sub.3 is substitutable with Sr, Ca or Ce.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 1987Date of Patent: August 30, 1988Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventors: Osamu Furukawa, Seiichi Yoshida, Motomasa Imai, Mitsuo Harata
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Patent number: 4764494Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition comprising 87.5 to 99.6 mole % of barium titanate as a first component, 0.2 to 7.0 mole % of copper oxide as a second component, 0.2 to 5.5 mole % of at least one member selected from the group consisting of lithium oxide, zinc oxide, cadmium oxide and iron oxide as a third component, and if necessary, at least one complex oxide selected from the group consisting of lead titanate, strontium titanate, calcium titanate, magnesium titanate, barium zirconate, calcium zirconate, strontium zirconate, lead zirconate, magnesium zirconate, lead stannate, calcium stannate, strontium stannate, barium stannate and magnesium stannate, as a fourth component in an amount of 0.3 to 40.0 moles per 100 moles of the sum of the first, second and third components; and a process for producing said dielectric ceramic composition.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1987Date of Patent: August 16, 1988Assignee: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Ken-ichi Sakabe, Shingo Kimura, Kageyasu Akashi
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Patent number: 4755493Abstract: A ceramic composition for dielectric ceramic bodies, having a major component consisting of a compound having a perovskite structure or a complex perovskite structure. The ceramic composition includes at least one inorganic peroxide selected from the group consisting of calcium peroxide, strontium peroxide and barium peroxide.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 1986Date of Patent: July 5, 1988Assignee: NGK Insulators, Ltd.Inventors: Yukihisa Takeuchi, Hideo Masumori
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Patent number: 4753906Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition for microwave applications having the formula ##EQU1## wherein x, y and z are molar percentages and 10.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.22, 58.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.80 and 8.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.22, O<n.ltoreq.25, and x+y+z=100;M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca and Mg; andR is at least one selected from the group consisting of Nd, Sm and La.The dielectric ceramic composition may further contain at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, WO.sub.3, SnO.sub.2 and ZrO.sub.2 in the range of more than zero to 5 mole percent based on the total molar percentage of x, y and z and have a superior combination of properties, particularly a high dielectric constant, a large Q and a small .tau.f which adapt them especially to use at the microwave region (wherein Q is the reciprocal of dielectric loss tan .delta., i.e., Q=1/tan .delta.).Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1986Date of Patent: June 28, 1988Assignees: Narumi China Corporation, Sony CorporationInventors: Susumu Nishigaki, Shinsuke Yano, Hiroshi Kato, Tohru Fuwa, Kanji Murano
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Patent number: 4751209Abstract: Dielectric ceramic composition consisting essentially of substance selected from those represented by the following formulas:(1) Pb.sub.a (Mg.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3).sub.x Ti.sub.y (Ni.sub.1/2 W.sub.1/2).sub.z O.sub.2+a(2) Pb.sub.a Ca.sub.b (Mg.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3).sub.x Ti.sub.y (Ni.sub.1/2 W.sub.1/2).sub.z O.sub.2+a+b(3) Pb.sub.a Ba.sub.b (Mg.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3).sub.x Ti.sub.y (Ni.sub.1/2 W.sub.1/2).sub.z O.sub.2+a+b(4) Pb.sub.a Sr.sub.b (Mg.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3).sub.x Ti.sub.y (Ni.sub.1/2 W.sub.1/2).sub.z O.sub.2+a+bwherein x+y+z=1.00, and a or a+b.gtoreq.1.001.These compositions can be sintered below 1080.degree. C. in low partial pressure of oxygen of about 1.times.10.sup.-8, and exhibit a high dielectric constant and a high electrical resistivity.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1986Date of Patent: June 14, 1988Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoichirou Yokotani, Junichi Kato, Hiromu Ouchi
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Patent number: 4745093Abstract: Disclosed is a dielectric ceramic material having a chemical composition represented by the formula Sr(Ni.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3)O.sub.3 or (1-x)Sr(Ni.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3)O.sub.3.xBaTiO.sub.3 in which x is a positive number of up to 0.3 and also having a perovskite structure. This dielectric material has a small dielectric loss and a large dielectric constant, and the temperature coefficient of the resonance frequency can be controlled to a small value within a certain range. The dielectric ceramic material is valuably used for microwave dielectric ceramics.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 1985Date of Patent: May 17, 1988Assignee: Kyocera CorporationInventors: Takashi Okawa, Nobuo Yokoe
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Patent number: 4724021Abstract: A method for inhibiting the formation of blisters during the firing of intermediate layers of fired multilayer electronic components comprising the sequential steps of:(1) applying to a substrate a first and second layer of finely divided particles of dielectric solids and glass dispersed in organic medium; and(2) firing the layers to effect volatilization of the organic medium therefrom, liquid phase sintering of the glass components and densification of both layers, the softening point of the glass, the particle size of the glass and the ratio of glass to dielectric solids in both layers being adjusted in such manner that when the layers are fired, the first layer is porous and the second layer is nonporous.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1986Date of Patent: February 9, 1988Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Paul J. Martin, Thomas E. Dueber
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Patent number: 4713726Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition which comprises a mixture of 7 to 25 mole% of BaTiO.sub.3, 0.1 to 15 mole% of Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, 50 to 65 mole% of TiO.sub.2, 0.1 to 5 mole% of LaO.sub.3/2 and 15 to 45 mole% of NdO.sub.3/2 in a total of 100 mole%. At least one member selected from the group consisting of Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, Gd.sub.2 O.sub.3 and CeO.sub.2, and at least one member selected from the group consisting of Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, MnO.sub.2, NiO and CoO are further added to the mixture in amounts of from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight and from 0.01 to 1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of the mixture, respectively.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1986Date of Patent: December 15, 1987Assignee: Taiyo Yuden Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Kazuo Sasazawa
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Patent number: 4673660Abstract: A circuit substrate according to the present invention comprises a sintered oxide body used as an insulating body, in which the sintered oxide body contains barium, tin, boron, titanium, silicon, and manganese in accordance with a converted equivalent composition of:______________________________________ BaO 10 to 55 mol %; SnO.sub.2 2 to 45 mol %; B.sub.2 O.sub.3 5 to 40 mol %; TiO.sub.2 0.1 to 25 mol %; SiO.sub.2 0.5 to 30 mol %; and MnO 0.5 to 7 mol %. ______________________________________An oxide with above composition can be fired at low temperatures on the order of 800.degree. to less than 1300.degree. C., and as a result it is possible to obtain a black circuit substrate that possesses properties of opacity to or absorption of light.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1986Date of Patent: June 16, 1987Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventor: Truong D. Thanh
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Patent number: 4643984Abstract: A process for producing a composition which includes a perovskite compound, the process comprising:(a) subjecting a mixture of a hydroxide of at least one A group element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb and rare earth elements and a hydroxide of at least one B group element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf and Sn, to the hydrothermal reaction in an aqueous reaction medium;(b) adding an insolubilizing agent to the resultant reaction mixture to insolubilize water-soluble compounds of the unreacted A group element dissolved in the aqueous medium so as to adjust the ratio of the group A element to the group B element in a resulting composition to a desired A/B ratio; or(c) filtering, washing with water and drying the resultant reaction mixture to provide a solid reaction product, dispersing the reaction product in an aqueous medium to form a slurry, adding to the slurry a water-soluble compound of the A group element, and then adding to the slurry an insolubilizing agent tType: GrantFiled: July 23, 1985Date of Patent: February 17, 1987Assignee: Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kazunobu Abe, Masashi Aoki, Hiroaki Rikimaru, Takeshi Ito, Kazuhisa Hidaka, Kayoko Segawa
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Patent number: 4642732Abstract: The ceramic dielectric composition can be fired in a reducing or nonoxidizing atmosphere and has the formula:(Ba.sub.1-x Sr.sub.x O).sub.a Ti.sub.1-y Zr.sub.y O.sub.2 +.alpha.((1-z)MnO+zCoO)+.beta.((1-t)A.sub.2 O.sub.5 +tL.sub.2 O.sub.3)+wSiO.sub.2,wherein:A=Nb, Ta, V;L=Y or a rare earth element;0.002.ltoreq.x+y+1.7.alpha.z.ltoreq.0.250;0.000.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.980;0.990.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.1.020;0.010.ltoreq..alpha..ltoreq.15.00 (mol %);0.01.ltoreq..beta./.alpha..ltoreq.0.55;0.000.ltoreq.t.ltoreq.0.980; and,0.002.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.1.00 (wt %).Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1986Date of Patent: February 10, 1987Assignee: TDK CorporationInventors: Masaaki Ikeda, Wataru Takahara, Junichi Iteguchi, Hiroyuki Satoh, Shyuji Itoh
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Patent number: 4616289Abstract: This invention relates to ceramic high dielectric composition with BaTiO.sub.3 as host component; and by containing 1-5 weight part of CaTiO.sub.3 and 2-3 weight parts of Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 to 100 weight parts of the BaTiO.sub.3, a composition having dielectric constant of 3000 or above, a small voltage dependency, a large bending strength and good high frequency characteristic is provided; and it has a good characteristic when used as thin film type dielectric body like laminated ceramic capacitor.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 1985Date of Patent: October 7, 1986Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Gen Itakura, Tadayoshi Ushijima, Kenji Kusakabe, Takayuki Kuroda
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Patent number: 4612600Abstract: This invention discloses multilayer capacitors having base metal electrodes sintered at temperatures less than about 950.degree. C. with a lithium fluoride flux, and having a base metal oxide integument at the surface of the electrodes, as well as, a method for making such electrodes with dielectric compositions containing lithium fluoride flux and by adjusting the PO.sub.2 in the sintering atmosphere to avoid oxidation of the base metal and reduction of the metal oxides in the dielectric ceramic.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1984Date of Patent: September 16, 1986Assignee: TAM Ceramics Inc.Inventor: Charles E. Hodgkins
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Patent number: 4610970Abstract: A ceramic composition capable of sintering at a sufficiently low temperature to enable the use of a low cost base metal as the electrode material in the fabrication of capacitors. The major ingredient of the composition is expressed as Ba.sub.k-x-y M.sub.x L.sub.y O.sub.k TiO.sub.2, where M is at least either of magnesium and zinc, L is at least either of strontium and calcium, k, x and y are numerals in the ranges of 1.00 to 1.04, 0.002 to 0.049, and 0.001 to 0.048, respectively, and x+y is a value in the range of 0.02 to 0.05. To this major ingredient is added a minor proportion of a mixture of lithium oxide, silicon dioxide, and, possibly, at least one of barium oxide, calcium oxide, and strontium oxide.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1984Date of Patent: September 9, 1986Assignee: Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takeshi Wada, Hiroshi Nakamura, Masami Fukui, Nobutatsu Yamaoka
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Patent number: 4610969Abstract: A ceramic composition capable of sintering at a sufficiently low temperature to enable the use of a low cost base metal as the electrode material in the fabrication of capacitors. The major ingredient of the composition is expressed as Ba.sub.k-x M.sub.x O.sub.k TiO.sub.2, where M is at least either of magnesium and zinc and where k and x are numerals in the ranges of 1.00 to 1.04 and of 0.02 to 0.05, respectively. To this major ingredient is added a minor proportion of a mixture of lithium oxide, silicon dioxide, and, possibly, at least one of barium oxide, calcium oxide, and strontium oxide. For the fabrication of coherently bonded bodies of this composition, as for use as the dielectric bodies of capacitors, the moldings of the mixture of the major ingredient and additive in finely divided form are sintered in a reductive or neutral atmosphere and then reheated at a lower temperature in an oxidative atmosphere. The sintering temperature can be so low (typically from 1050.degree. to 1200.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1984Date of Patent: September 9, 1986Assignee: Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takeshi Wada, Hiroshi Nakamura, Masami Fukui, Nobutatsu Yamaoka
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Patent number: 4610971Abstract: A ceramic composition capable of sintering at a sufficiently low temperature to enable the use of a low cost base metal as the electrode material in the fabrication of capacitors. The major ingredient of the composition is expressed as Ba.sub.k-x M.sub.x O.sub.k TiO.sub.2, where M is one or more of magnesium, zinc, strontium, and calcium, and where k, and x are numerals in the ranges of 1.00 to 1.04, and 0.02 to 0.05, respectively. To this major ingredient is added a minor proportion of a mixture of boron oxide, silicon dioxide, and, possibly, at least one of barium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, strontium oxide, and calcium oxide. For the fabrication of coherently bonded bodies of this composition, as for use as the dielectric bodies of capacitors, the moldings of the mixture of the major ingredient and additive in finely divided form are sintered in a reductive or neutral atmosphere and then reheated at a lower temperature in an oxidative atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1984Date of Patent: September 9, 1986Assignee: Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takeshi Wada, Hiroshi Nakamura, Masami Fukui, Nobutatsu Yamaoka
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Patent number: 4610968Abstract: A ceramic composition capable of sintering at a sufficiently low temperature to enable the use of a low cost base metal as the electrode material in the fabrication of capacitors. The major ingredient of the composition is expressed as Ba.sub.k-x M.sub.x O.sub.k TiO.sub.2, where M is one or more of magnesium, zinc, strontium, and calcium, and where k, and x are numerals in the ranges of 1.00 to 1.04, and 0.02 to 0.05, respectively. To this major ingredient is added a minor proportion of a mixture of boron oxide and at least one of barium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, strontium oxide, and calcium oxide. For the fabrication of coherently bonded bodies of this composition, as for use as the dielectric bodies of capacitors, the moldings of the mixture of the major ingredient and additive in finely divided form are sintered in a reductive or neutral atmosphere and then reheated at a lower temperature in an oxidative atmosphere. The sintering temperature can be so low (typically from 1050.degree. to 1200.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1984Date of Patent: September 9, 1986Assignee: Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takeshi Wada, Hiroshi Nakamura, Masami Fukui, Nobutatsu Yamaoka