Abstract: Embodiments of a transparent glass-based material comprising a glass phase and a second phase that is different from and is dispersed in the glass phase are provided. The second phase may comprise a crystalline or a nanocrystalline phase, a fiber, and/or glass particles. In some embodiments, the second phase is crystalline. In one or more embodiments, the glass-based material has a transmittance of at least about 88% over a visible spectrum ranging from about 400 nm to about 700 nm and a fracture toughness of at least about 0.9 MPA·m½, and wherein a surface of the glass-based material, when scratched with a Knoop diamond at a load of at least 5 N to form a scratch having a width w, is free of chips having a size of greater than 3 w.

Abstract: A through electrode substrate includes: a substrate having a first surface and a second surface facing the first surface; through electrodes penetrating through the substrate; and a first capacitor including a first conductive layer, an insulating layer, and a second conductive layer, arranged on the first surface side of the substrate, and electrically connected with at least one of the through electrodes. The first conductive layer is arranged on the first surface side of the substrate and is electrically connected with the through electrode. The insulating layer includes a first part and a second part and is arranged on the first conductive layer. The second conductive layer is arranged on the insulating layer. The first part is arranged between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The second part covers at least a part of a side surface of the first conductive layer.

Abstract: Embodiments of glass ceramic articles and precursor glasses are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the glass-ceramic articles are transparent and include a nepheline phase and a phosphate phase. The glass-ceramic articles are colorless and exhibit a transmittance of about 70% or greater across the visible spectrum. The glass-ceramic articles may optionally include a lithium aluminosilicate phase. The crystals of the glass-ceramic articles may have a major cross-section of about 100 nm or less.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are opaque glass-ceramics comprising at least one nepheline crystal phase and comprising from about 30 mol % to about 65 mol % SiO2, from about 15 mol % to about 40 mol % Al2O3, from about 10 mol % to about 20 mol % (Na2+K2O), and from about 1 mol % to about 10 mol % (ZnO+MgO). Also disclosed herein are opaque-glass ceramics comprising at least one nepheline crystal phase and at least one spinel-structure phase doped with at least one colorant chosen from transition metals and rare earth elements. Further disclosed herein are methods for making these opaque glass-ceramics.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method for use in preparing a glass comprises: performing a first ion exchange process to replace at least a first ion in the glass with at least a second ion, the second ion being smaller than the first ion; and performing a second ion exchange process to replace at least the second ion in the glass with at least a third ion, the third ion being larger than the first ion. In another aspect, a glass is prepared at least in part by: performing a first ion exchange process to replace at least a first ion in the glass with at least a second ion, the second ion being smaller than the first ion; and performing a second ion exchange process to replace at least the second ion in the glass with at least a third ion, the third ion being larger than the first ion.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method for use in preparing a glass includes performing an ion exchange process by treating the glass with a eutectic mixture including at least a first rubidium salt. In another aspect, a glass is prepared at least in part by performing an ion exchange process by treating the glass with a eutectic mixture including at least a first rubidium salt.

Abstract: A white light emitting glass-ceramic. The chemical formula of the glass-ceramic is aSiO2.bAl2O3.cNaF.dCeF3.nDyF3.mAg, wherein a, b, c, d, n and m are, by mol part, 25-50, 15-30, 10-30, 10-25, 0.01-1 and 0.01-1, respectively, and a+b+c+d-100. A method for producing said glass-ceramic is also provided. Silver ion is doped in the glass-ceramic in the form of silver particles by means of sintering and reduction annealing treatment, and thus the luminescence properties of rare earth ion is improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lithium silicate glass ceramic, which contains at least 8.5 wt.-% transition metal oxide selected from the group consisting of oxides of yttrium, oxides of transition metals with an atomic number from 41 to 79 and mixtures of these oxides. The invention also relates to a corresponding lithium silicate glass, a process for the preparation of the glass ceramic and of the glass as well as their use.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 Si O2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li2O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO ] [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ratio: [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 ] [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity ?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 SiO2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li3O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO _ ] ? [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ratio: [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 _ ] ? [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity ?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: Lithium silicate glass ceramics and glasses containing at least 6.1 wt.-% ZrO2 are provided which can advantageously be applied to zirconium oxide ceramics in particular by pressing-on in the viscous state and forming a solid bond with the zirconium oxide ceramics.

Abstract: The invention provides a crystallizable glass, a crystallized glass, and manufacturing methods thereof. The crystallizable glass can be crystallized in a short period of time, and can maintain its glass shape and its surface condition during a crystallization process. The crystallized glass has good mechanical strength, an adequate thermal expansion coefficient that allows the crystallized glass to be used as a construction material, less content of alkali-metal oxides, and good chemical durability. The MgO—Al2O3—SiO2-based crystallizable glass and crystallized glass contain, by mass percent, 55.0-65.0% SiO2, 8.0-14.0% Al2O3, 10.0-20.0% MgO, 1.5-6.0% CaO, 1.0-2.2% Li2O, 0.7-3.0% Na2O, 2.5-4.0% K2O, and 1.5-3.0% F.

Abstract: The colorless transparent colloid-former-containing glass that is convertible into a colorless transparent glass ceramic or a metal colloid-colored glass ceramic via respective heat treatments contains a combination of one or more metal colloid formers and one or more redox partners. The metal colloid formers are compounds containing Au, Ag, As, Bi, Nb, Cu, Fe, Pd, Pt, Sb and/or Sn. The redox partners are compounds containing As, Ce, Fe, Mn, Sb, Sn and/or W, with the proviso that the redox partner must be different from the metal colloid former.

Abstract: A phosphosilicate glass ceramic with nanoscale fluoroapatite and leucite crystals. The glass ceramic is very similar to natural tooth material in terms of its optical properties. The glass ceramic has a low linear thermal expansion coefficient and a low pressing temperature and is therefore particularly suitable for pressing on metal alloys to produce dental restoration.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic composite encapsulation material composed of glass matrix materials of SiO2, Al2O3, BaO and B2O3, and at least one glass filler selected from the group consisting of kaliophilite (KAlSiO4), leucite (KAlSi2O6), magnesium oxide (MgO). The glass-ceramic composite encapsulation material according to the invention comprises a high temperature type glass matrix (softening point: 750-850° C.) and a intermediate temperature type glass matrix (softening point: 650-750° C.), and glass filler mixed therein, wherein said glass filler in the high temperature type glass matrix comprises 5% to 20% by volume of the total volume of said glass matrix and glass filler, and the glass filler in the intermediate temperature type glass matrix comprises 0% to 40% by volume of the total volume of said glass matrix and glass filler, and wherein said glass filler has an effect of adjusting the expansion coefficient.

Abstract: Glass-ceramic compositions exhibiting high reliability and tensile strength are described. The compositions can include crystal phases including roedderite and/or potassium fluorrichterite. The glass-ceramic compositions are bioactive, and can be used as components of a wide variety of biomedical devices such as dental restorations.

Abstract: A highly porous substrate is provided using an extrusion system. More particularly, the present invention enables the production of a highly porous substrate. Depending on the particular mixture, the present invention enables substrate porosities of about 60% to about 90%, and enables advantages at other porosities, as well. The extrusion system enables the use of a wide variety of fibers and additives, and is adaptable to a wide variety of operating environments and applications. Fibers, which have an aspect ratio greater than 1, are selected according to substrate requirements, and are typically mixed with binders, pore-formers, extrusion aids, and fluid to form a homogeneous extrudable mass. The homogeneous mass is extruded into a green substrate. The more volatile material is preferentially removed from the green substrate, which allows the fibers to form interconnected networks.

Abstract: A fibrous ceramic material comprises a plurality of fibers having a modified aluminosilicate compositional structure (i.e., x(RO).y(Al2O3).z(SiO2) or w(MO).x(RO).y(Al2O3).z(SiO2)). The fibrous ceramic material is form by combining two or more x(RO).y(Al2O3).z(SiO2) or w(MO).x(RO).y(Al2O3).z(SiO2) precursors in which at least one of the two or more precursors is in fiber form. The resulting fibrous ceramic material has a low coefficient of thermal expansion (i.e., ?4.7×10-6/° C.).

Abstract: A glass composition for chemical tempering includes oxides in wt % ranges of: SiO2 60 to 75; Al2O3 18 to 28; Li2O 3 to 9; Na2O 0 to 3; K2O 0 to 0.5; CaO 0 to 3; MgO 0 to 3; ZrO2 0 to 3; where MgO+CaO is 0 to 6 wt %; Al2O3+ZrO2 is 18 to 28 wt %, and Na2O+K2O is 0.05 to 3.00 wt %. The glass has a log 10 viscosity temperature in the temperature range of 1328° F. (720° C.) to 1499° F. (815° C.); a liquidus temperature in the temperature range of 2437° F. (1336° C.) to 2575° F. (1413° C.), and a log 7.6 softening point temperature in the temperature range of 1544° F. (840° C.) to 1724° F. (940° C.). The chemically tempered glass has, among other properties, an abraded modulus of rupture of 72 to 78 KPSI, and a modulus of rupture of 76 to 112 KPSI.

Abstract: The transparent polycrystalline optoceramic has single crystallites and at least 95 percent by weight of the single crystallites have a cubic pyrochlore or fluorite structure. The optoceramic is composed of an oxide of stoichiometry: A2+xByDzE7 wherein 0<x<1, 0<y<2, 0<z<1.6 and 3x+4y+5z=8; wherein A is at least one trivalent rare earth cation; B is at least one tetravalent cation; D is at least one pentavalent cation; and E comprises at least one divalent anion. Refractive, diffractive or transmissive optical elements are made with these optoceramics.

Abstract: A synthetic microsphere having a low alkali metal oxide content and methods of forming the microsphere and its components are provided. The synthetic microsphere is substantially chemically inert and thus a suitable replacement for natural cenospheres, particularly in caustic environments such as cementitious mixtures. The synthetic microsphere can be made from an agglomerate precursor that includes an aluminosilicate material, such as fly ash, a blowing agent such as sugar, carbon black, and silicon carbide, and a binding agent. The synthetic microsphere is produced when the precursor is fired at a pre-determined temperature profile so as to form either solid or hollow synthetic microspheres depending on the processing conditions and/or components used.

Abstract: Oxychlorination catalyst compositions which include a catalytically effective amount of an oxychlorination catalyst and a diluent having certain chemical composition and/or physical properties are disclosed. Processes using such oxychlorination catalyst compositions are also described. Some oxychlorination catalyst compositions and processes disclosed herein can increase the optimal operating temperature, and thereby increase the production capacity of an existing reactor, such as a fluid-bed reactor, compared to other oxychlorination catalyst compositions.

Abstract: Al2O3-rare earth oxide-ZrO2/HfO2 ceramics (including glasses, crystalline ceramics, and glass-ceramics) and methods of making the same. Ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. The particles and fibers are useful, for example, as thermal insulation, filler, or reinforcing material in composites (e.g., ceramic, metal, or polymeric matrix composites). The thin coatings can be useful, for example, as protective coatings in applications involving wear, as well as for thermal management. Certain ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: Al2O3—Y2O3—ZrO2/HfO2 ceramics (including glasses, crystalline ceramics, and glass-ceramics) and methods of making the same. Ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. The particles and fibers are useful, for example, as thermal insulation, filler, or reinforcing material in composites (e.g., ceramic, metal, or polymeric matrix composites). The thin coatings can be useful, for example, as protective coatings in applications involving wear, as well as for thermal management. Certain ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to an opaque dental ceramic for burning on a rack or implant of dental restoration at least comprising SiO2, Al2O3, B2O3, Na2O, K2O as well as TiO2. To cover the non-dental-coloured implant material sufficiently the invention provides that the opaque dental ceramic is clouded by precipitation of one or more crystalline TiO2 phases.

Abstract: Nanoscale particles, particle coatings/particle arrays and corresponding consolidated materials are described based on an ability to vary the composition involving a wide range of metal and/or metalloid elements and corresponding compositions. In particular, metalloid oxides and metal-metalloid compositions are described in the form of improved nanoscale particles and coatings formed from the nanoscale particles. Compositions comprising rare earth metals and dopants/additives with rare earth metals are described. Complex compositions with a range of host compositions and dopants/additives can be formed using the approaches described herein. The particle coating can take the form of particle arrays that range from collections of disbursable primary particles to fused networks of primary particles forming channels that reflect the nanoscale of the primary particles. Suitable materials for optical applications are described along with some optical devices of interest.

Abstract: An opalescent glass-ceramic product, especially for use as a dental material or as an additive to or component of dental material, including SiO2, Al2O3, P2O5, Na2O, K2O, CaO and Me(IV))O2. In order to obtain improved opalescence with improved transparency, in addition to fluorescence, thermal expansion and a combustion temperature adapted to other materials, the opalescent ceramic product is completely or substantially devoid of ZrO2 and TiO2, such that the Me(II)O content in the glass ceramic is less than approximately 4 wt % and the Me(IV)O2 content amounts to approximately 0.5-3 wt %. The invention also relates to a method for the production of the opalescent glass-ceramic product.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a leucite glass ceramic doped with nanoscale metal oxide, to a doped leucite glass ceramic powder suitable for its production, to a method for producing the doped leucite glass ceramic, to its use as dental material, to a dental product containing it and to the use of the nanoscale metal oxide powders for the production of the doped glass ceramic or of the doped leucite glass ceramic powder.

Abstract: Apatite glass ceramic which contains at least one glass phase and at least one apatite phase and is characterized in that at least one of the apatite phases is a phosphate- and fluorine-free siliceous oxyapatite phase.

Abstract: Glass can have a high thermal expansion coefficient when it is made up of SiO2, B2O3, Na2O, K2O, MgO and Al2O3; contains a partial crystal; and has a mean linear expansion coefficient not lower than of 125×10?7K?1 in a temperature range of 50° C. to 150° C. Using this glass as a substrate for a multilayer film filter can fully reduce temperature fluctuations in the filter properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a flat float glass that can be prestressed or transformed into a glass ceramic with high quartz mixed crystals or keatite mixed crystals. To eliminate undesirable surface defects during floating and to achieve superior characteristics of the glass or of the glass ceramic, in particular with regard to a low coefficient of thermal expansion and high light transmittance, the glass has a concentration of less than 300 ppb Pt, less than 30 ppb Rh, less than 1.5 wt. % ZnO and less than 1 wt. % SnO2, and is refined during melting without the use of the conventional fining agents arsenic oxide and/or antimony oxide.

Abstract: The invention encompasses a glass-ceramic comprising a continuous glass phase and a crystal phase comprising tetragonal leucite, wherein the glass-ceramic has a crack-free glass phase and a crystal phase comprising leucite crystals distributed essentially homogeneously in the glass phase. The crystal phase has a particle size distribution made of from about 5% to about 70% of a first group of leucite crystals having particle sizes of <1 ?m and from about 30% to about 95% of a second group of leucite crystals having particle sizes of ?1 ?m. The proportion of Li2O in the glass-ceramic is preferably below 0.5% by weight. It is preferred that not only the glass phase but also the crystal phase is essentially free of cracks. The corresponding glass-ceramics are particularly suitable for use in the dental sector, in particular as facing ceramics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Cd-free and Pb-free glass composition comprising, based in mol %, 1–10% MO where M is selected from Ba, Sr, Ca and mixtures thereof, 5–30% MgO, 0.3–5% CuO, 0–2.5% P2O5, 0–2.5% ZrO2, 24–45% ZnO, 2–10% Al2O3, 35–50% SiO2 and 0.1–3% A2O where A is selected from the group of alkali elements and mixtures thereof wherein the glass composition is useful in thick paste dielectric materials which are compatible with AlN substrates.

Abstract: A crystallized glass for an optical filter substrate, which has an average linear expansion coefficient ?L of from 95×10?7/° C. to 130×10?7/° C. at from ?30° C. to 70° C. and which has a crystal or the like of Na4-xKxAl4Si4O16 (1<x?4) precipitated therein. Further, a crystallized glass for an optical filter substrate, which comprises from 35 to 60% of SiO2, from 10 to 30% of Al2O3, from 1 to 15% of TiO2+ZrO2, from 4 to 20% of Na2O, from 4 to 20% of K2O, from 0.1 to 10% of CaO+SrO+Bao, from 0 to 10% of MgO, etc., and which has ?L of from 95×10?7/° C. to 130×10?7/° C. and which has a crystal or solid solution precipitated therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to uses of glasses and glass-ceramics in dental and orthodontic applications.

Abstract: Glass-ceramic consisting of: SiO2: ?30-70 wt %; A12O3: 8-45 wt %; M2O:8-30 wt %; MO: 0-30 wt %; B2O3: 0-15 wt %; P2O5: 0-15 wt %; Zr2O: 0-12 wt %; TiO2: 0-12 wt %, wherein M is chosen in the group consisting of: Li, NA, K or mixture thereof; M? is chosen in the group consisting of: Be, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Zn, Pb or mixture thereof are described.

Abstract: Nanoscale particles, particle coatings/particle arrays and corresponding consolidated materials are described based on an ability to vary the composition involving a wide range of metal and/or metalloid elements and corresponding compositions. In particular, metalloid oxides and metal-metalloid compositions are described in the form of improved nanoscale particles and coatings formed from the nanoscale particles. Compositions comprising rare earth metals and dopants/additives with rare earth metals are described. Complex compositions with a range of host compositions and dopants/additives can be formed using the approaches described herein. The particle coating can take the form of particle arrays that range from collections of disbursable primary particles to fused networks of primary particles forming channels that reflect the nanoscale of the primary particles. Suitable materials for optical applications are described along with some optical devices of interest.

Abstract: This invention relates to a flat float glass that can be prestressed or transformed into a glass ceramic with high quartz mixed crystals or keatite mixed crystals. To eliminate undesirable surface defects during floating and to achieve superior characteristics of the glass or of he glass ceramic, in particular with regard to a low coefficient of thermal expansion and high light transmittance, the glass has a concentration of less than 300 ppb Pt, less than 30 ppb Rh, less than 1.5 wt. % ZnO and less than 1 wt. % SnO2, and is refined during melting without the use of the conventional fining agents arsenic oxide and/or antimony oxide.

Abstract: The cooking panel is made from an opaque glass-ceramic material uniformly colored throughout and having keatite mixed crystals as the predominant crystalline phase. The cooking panel is made by ceramicizing a ceramicizable glass or a transparent glass-ceramic with high quartz mixed crystals as the predominant crystalline phase in a definite color location range with a brightness parameter value (L*) less than 85 and a color shade and chromaticity according to its later service and wear pattern. The cooking panel makes deposited material, such as dirt and the like, less conspicuous.

Abstract: A ceramic structure which is pollucite-based and has high refractoriness and high resistance to thermal shock. The inventive structure is suitable in high temperature applications such as a filtering particulates from diesel engine exhaust.

Abstract: A pressable dental ceramic comprising a mixture of glass and glass-ceramic frits. A refractory filler is also combined with the frits. The dental ceramic contains an amount of leucite less than about 35 percent by weight. Other additives may be included such as pigments, opacifying agents and fluorescing agents. The dental ceramic comprises a cellular-like microstructure comprised of glassy regions surrounded by clusters of leucite crystals distributed around those glassy regions forming a cellular three-dimensional network.

Abstract: An insulating ceramic compact is provided which can be obtained by low-temperature firing, has a low relative dielectric constant and superior high frequency characteristics, and can be co-sintered with a material having a high coefficient of thermal expansion. The insulating ceramic compact is a fired mixture of an MgAl2O4-based ceramic and a borosilicate glass, in which an MgAl2O4 crystal phase and at least one of an Mg3B2O6 crystal phase and an Mg2B2O5 crystal phase are precipitated as primary crystal phases.

Abstract: A crystallized glass for an optical filter substrate, which has an average linear expansion coefficient &agr;L of from 95×10−7/° C. to 130×10−7/° C. at from −30° C. to 70° C. and which has a crystal or the like of Na4-xKxAl4Si4O16 (1<x≦4) precipitated therein. Further, a crystallized glass for an optical filter substrate, which comprises from 35 to 60% of SiO2, from 10 to 30% of Al2O3, from 1 to 15% of TiO2+ZrO2, from 4 to 20% of Na2O, from 4 to 20% of K20, from 0.1 to 10% of CaO+SrO+Bao, from 0 to 10% of MgO, etc., and which has &agr;L of from 95×10−7/° C. to 130×10−7/° C. and which has a crystal or solid solution precipitated therein.

Abstract: Disclosed are antifouling material possessing excellent surface antifouling properties, particularly excellent antifouling activity against greasy stains and soils, a process for producing the same, and a coating composition and an apparatus for the antifouling material. The antifouling material comprises: a substrate; and an inorganic layer consisting essentially of an amorphous metal oxide, the inorganic layer containing an alkali metal and non-bridging oxygen in an amount effective in removing contaminants, derived from an exhaust gas, adhered on the surface of the inorganic layer by cleaning using running water alone to restore the diffuse reflectance of the surface of the inorganic layer to not less than 75% of the initial diffuse reflectance, the inorganic layer constituting the outermost fixed layer of the antifouling material.

Abstract: A porcelain composition for dental restorations comprising a leucite crystallite phase and a glass matrix phase, wherein the leucite crystallites possess diameters not exceeding about 10 micron. Preferably, the porcelain composition has a maturing temperature from about 750° to about 1050° C. and a coefficient of thermal expansion from about 12×10−6/° C. to about 17.5×10−6/° C., and comprises: Component Amount (wt. %) SiO2 57-66 Al2O3  7-15 K2O  7-15 Na2O  7-12 Li2O 0.5-3.

Abstract: Micaceous glass-ceramics are useful in the fabrication of single and multi-unit dental restorations including but not limited to orthodontic appliances, bridges, space maintainers, tooth replacement appliances, splints, crowns, partial crowns, dentures, posts, teeth, jackets, inlays, onlays, facing, veneers, facets, implants, abutments, cylinders, and connectors by machining the glass-ceramic using CAM/CAM devices. The micaceous glass-ceramics are provided in a plurality of shades and colors to adequately match the colors and shades of teeth found in 95% or more of the human population.

Abstract: A component of a thermal processing apparatus for a fluid stream of hydrocarbons, a precursor glass for a glass-ceramic coating on such component, and a method of inhibiting deposition of a material, such as carbon, on a surface of the component.

Abstract: High-frequency ceramics containing SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, ZnO and B2O3 as constituent components, said ceramics comprising: 30 to 50% by weight of a crystal phase containing ZnO and Al2O3; 5 to 15% by weight of a crystal phase containing SiO2 and MgO; and 40 to 60% by weight of an amorphous phase comprising substantially SiO2 or SiO2 and B2O3; wherein the content of the SiO2 crystal phase is suppressed to be not larger than 6% by weight. The ceramics has a dielectric loss at 60 GHz of not larger than 15×10−4, exhibiting excellent high-frequency characteristics, and is very useful as an insulating substrate for the wiring boards that deal with high-frequency signals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing a glass-ceramic containing leucite crystals, comprising the steps of: mixing (1) a glassy material comprising 53 to 65 wt. % of SiO2, 13 to 23 wt. % of Al2O3, 9 to 20 wt. % of K2O and 6 to 12 wt. % of Na2O and (2) synthetic leucite seed crystals comprising 53 to 64 wt. % of SiO2, 19 to 27 wt. % of Al2O3 and 17 to 25 wt. % of K20, and heat-treating the mixture at 750 to 950° C. for 1 to 5 hours; and a dental porcelain powder and a metal-ceramic restoration both comprising a glass-ceramic prepared by the method. The porcelain comprising the glass-ceramic prepared by the method is substantially free of opacification and decrease in the coefficient of thermal expansion, during fusion-bonding to a metal frame.

Abstract: The cooking panel is made from an opaque glass-ceramic material uniformly colored throughout and having keatite mixed crystals as the predominant crystalline phase, which is ceramicized with a ceramicizable glass or a transparent glass-ceramic with high quartz mixed crystals as the predominant crystalline phase in a definite color location range according to its later service and wear pattern. The cooking panel makes deposited material, such as dirt and the like, less conspicuous.