Abstract: An ultrathin glass-ceramic article is provided having an article thickness (t) of equal to or less than 0.3 mm and an outer surface followed towards the inside of the article by an outer layer and a central part. The glass-ceramic has a crystal phase and an amorphous phase and the outer layer includes the crystal phase. The article has a gradient structure or a layered structure.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element is provided that includes at least two layers with different etching speeds for dry etching process. The diffractive optical element has a substrate of glass and a microstructure layer arranged on the substrate. The ratio of dry etching speed in thickness direction of the substrate to that of the microstructure layer is no more than 1:2 so that the substrate functions as an etching stop layer. The ratio of dry etching speed in horizontal direction of the substrate is substantially equal to that of the microstructure layer. The composition of glass includes, but is not limited to, Al2O3, alkaline material (M2O) and alkaline earth material (MO), where the weight percentage of Al2O3+M2O+MO>=5%.

Abstract: A ceramic electronic device includes a plurality of dielectric layers of which a main component is a ceramic having a perovskite structure, and a plurality of internal electrode layers, each of which is stacked through each of the plurality of dielectric layers and includes a co-material which is inactive against the main component of the plurality of dielectric layers.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a glass for strengthening, that: has an average transmittance of at least 70% when converted to a thickness of 0.8 mm at a wavelength of 380-780 nm; has a haze value of no more than 0.7% when converted to a thickness of 0.8 mm in a C light source; has a Young's modulus of at least 85 GPa; has a fracture toughness value of at least 0.90 MPa·m1/2; a thermal conductivity at 20° C. of at least 1.3 W/m·K; and comprises a lithium aluminosilicate crystallized glass.

Abstract: A glass with a reinforced layer is provided, including a glass body and the reinforced layer formed in a surface of the glass body. The compressive stress of the reinforced layer trends to decrease non-linearly from the surface of the glass body to the interior of the glass body. The compressive stress curve of the reinforced layer has an inflection point. The gradient of a first curve section in front of the inflection point is greater than the gradient of a second curve section behind the inflection point. The overall refractive index of the reinforced layer trends to decrease non-linearly from the surface of the glass body to the interior of the glass body. The refractive index curve of the reinforced layer has at least two inflection points. Furthermore, a method for preparing the glass with a reinforced layer is provided.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein relate to glass articles that include mechanically durable glass compositions having high liquidus viscosity. The glass articles may include glass compositions having from 50 mol. % to 80 mol. % SiO2; from 7 mol. % to 25 mol. % Al2O3; from 2 mol. % to about 14 mol. % Li2O; 0.4 mol. % P2O5; and less than or equal to 0.5 mol. % ZrO2. The quantity (Al2O3 (mol. %)?R2O (mol. %)?RO (mol. %)) is greater than zero, where R2O (mol. %) is the sum of the molar amounts of Li2O, Na2O, K2O, Rb2O, and Cs2O in the glass composition and RO (mol. %) is the sum of the molar amounts of BeO, MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, and ZnO in the glass composition. A molar ratio of (Li2O (mol. %))/(R2O (mol. %)) may be greater or equal to 0.5. In embodiments, the glass composition may include B2O3. The glass compositions are fusion formable and have high damage resistance.

Abstract: An EUV collector for use in an EUV projection exposure apparatus includes at least one mirror surface having surface structures for scattering a used EUV wavelength (?) of used EUV light. The mirror surface has a surface height with a spatial wavelength distribution between a lower limit spatial wavelength and an upper limit spatial wavelength. An effective roughness (rmsG) below the lower limit spatial wavelength (PG) satisfies the following relation: (4? rmsG cos(?)/?)2<0.1. ? denotes an angle of incidence of the used EUV light at the mirror surface. The following applies to an effective roughness (rmsGG?) between the lower limit spatial wavelength (PG) and the upper limit spatial wavelength (PG?): 1.5 rmsG<rmsGG?<6 rmsG.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical arrangement comprising: at least one optical element comprising an optical surface and a substrate, wherein the substrate is formed from a material whose temperature-dependent coefficient of thermal expansion at a zero crossing temperature ?TZC=TZC?Tref related to a reference temperature Tref is equal to zero, wherein the optical surface has, during the operation of the optical arrangement, a location-dependent temperature distribution ?T(x, y) that is dependent on a local irradiance (5a), is related to the reference temperature Tref and has an average temperature ?Tav, a minimum temperature ?Tmin and a maximum temperature ?Tmax, wherein the average temperature ?Tav is less than the average value 1/2 (?Tmax+?Tmin) formed from the minimum temperature ?Tmin and the maximum temperature ?Tmax, and wherein the zero crossing temperature ?TZC is greater than the average temperature ?Tav.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for obtaining a material comprising a substrate provided on at least one of its faces with a permanent coating comprising at least one thin film, said process comprising the following steps: said permanent coating is deposited on at least one of the faces of said substrate; then a temporary coating is deposited directly on top of said permanent coating, said temporary coating comprising, as the layer closest to the substrate, at least one thin film soluble in a solvent, surmounted by at least one functional layer; then the substrate thus coated is subjected to a heat treatment; and then said coated substrate is treated with said solvent so as to remove said temporary coating from the surface of said substrate.

Abstract: A transparent low-colour lithium aluminium silicate (LAS) glass ceramic and the use thereof are provided. The ceramic has an environmentally friendly composition with high-quartz mixed crystals as the main crystal phase. The glass ceramic contains the following components (in wt % on the basis of oxide): TiO2 1.6-<2.5; Nd2O3 0.005-0.15; MgO 0.2-1.0; ZnO 1-2.5; CaO+SrO 0-1.5; BaO 0-1.5 with the condition B1: MgO+ZnO>CaO+SrO +BaO. In some embodiments, the glass ceramic has a hue c* of less than 5.5, a light transmission Y greater than 81% and has no visually disruptive diffusion.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a one crystalline phase lithium silicate glass ceramic and the manufacture of machinable blocks for dental appliances using a CAD/CAM device. The resulting glass ceramic contains a thermodynamically stable lithium silicate crystal through each of the steps of the process due to its specific material formulation.

Abstract: A lithium-containing, transparent glass-ceramic material is provided. The material has low thermal expansion and has an amorphous, lithium-depleted, vitreous surface zone. The zone is at least 50 nm thick on all sides and encloses a crystalline interior, which has high transmission. The material includes a transition region connecting the zone and the interior.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 SiO2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li2O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO ] [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] ?between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ? ? ratio ? : ? [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 ] [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] ?greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity ?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to glass ceramics based on the lithium metasilicate system (Li2OSiO2(Li2SiO3)), which are mechanically processible in a simple manner in an intermediate stage of the crystallization and, after complete crystallization, represent a high-strength, highly translucent and chemically stable glass ceramic.

Abstract: A mullite body comprising: a plurality of crystals, wherein about 70 percent or greater of the crystals have a crystal diameter that is within about 3 microns or less of an average diameter of the plurality of crystals, and a porosity of 55 percent or greater; and made using a process comprising: mixing precursor materials together with an average aggregate particle size of about 3 microns or smaller measured using a particle size analyzer; heating greenware in air to a first temperature such that the greenware is dried and forms calcineware, heating the calcineware in a silicon tetrafiouride atmosphere to form flurotopaz, and heating to a second temperature so that a mullite structure is formed.

Abstract: A glass ceramic as cooktop for induction heating having improved colored display capability and heat shielding is provided. The cooktop includes a transparent, dyed glass ceramic plate having high-quartz mixed crystals as a predominant crystal phase. The glass ceramic contains none of the chemical refining agents arsenic oxide and/or antimony oxide and has a transmittance values greater than 0.4% at at least one wavelength in the blue spectrum between 380 and 500 nm, a transmittance >2% at 630 nm, a transmittance of less than 45% at 1600 nm, and a light transmittance of less than 2.5% in the visible spectrum.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to fusion formable highly crystalline glass-ceramic articles whose composition lies within the SiO2—R2O3—Li2O/Na2O—TiO2 system and which contain a silicate crystalline phase comprised of lithium aluminosilicate (?-spodumene and/or ?-quartz solid solution) lithium metasilicate and/or lithium disilicate. Additionally, these silicate-crystal containing glass-ceramics can exhibit varying Na2O to Li2O molar ratio extending from the surface to the bulk of the glass article, particularly a decreasing Li2O concentration and an increasing Na2O concentration from surface to bulk. According to a second embodiment, disclosed herein is a method for forming a silicate crystalline phase-containing glass ceramic.

Abstract: Lithium silicate glass ceramics and glasses are described which can advantageously be applied to zirconium oxide ceramics in particular by pressing-on in the viscous state and form a solid bond with these.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic plate of lithium aluminosilicate free of arsenic and antimony, the optical transmission of which, for a thickness of 4 mm, is between 0.2 and 4% for at least one wavelength between 400 and 500 nm.

Abstract: Transparent, essentially colorless ?-quartz glass-ceramic materials, the composition of which is free of As2O3 and of Sb2O3, where said composition contains a specific combination of three nucleating agents: TiO2, ZrO2 and SnO2; TiO2 being present in low quantity.

Abstract: ?-quartz glass-ceramics, the composition of which is most particularly optimized, with reference to the refining of their precursor glasses, with reference to good resistance to devitrification of said precursor glasses and with reference to their resistance to temperature ageing, articles comprising such glass-ceramics, lithium alumino-silicate glasses, which are precursors of such glass-ceramics, as well as methods for preparing such glass-ceramics and articles.

Abstract: A crystallized glass with negative coefficient of thermal expansion includes 38 wt % to 64 wt % of silica (SiO2); 30 wt % to 40 wt % of alumina (Al2O3); and 5 wt % to 12 wt % of lithium oxide (Li2O) as a basic component, and further includes more than one component selected from the group consisting of 0.5 wt % to 15 wt % of zirconia (ZrO2), 0.5 wt % to 6.5 wt % of titanium dioxide (TiO2), 0.5 wt % to 4 wt % of phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), 2 wt % to 5 wt % of magnesium oxide (MgO), and 0 wt % to 5 wt % of magnesium fluoride (MgF2) in addition to the basic components. The crystallized glass may have a high negative coefficient of thermal expansion so that it has an advantage that it can be used as a thermal expansion compensation material according to the temperatures of all kinds of glasses and similar products thereof.

Abstract: Mineral materials selected from lithium aluminosilicate glasses containing vanadium, precursors of glass-ceramics, and glass-ceramics colored by vanadium contain solid solution(s) of ?-quartz and/or ?-spodumene as main crystalline phase. Also disclosed are articles made from said mineral materials, as well as methods for forming said glasses, glass-ceramics and articles of said glasses and glass-ceramics. Methods involve optimizing the refining of lithium aluminosilicate glasses containing SnO2 as a fining agent in preparing glasses or glass-ceramics.

Abstract: A lithium-aluminosilicate glass or a corresponding glass ceramic that has a content of 0-0.4SnO2, 1.3-2.7% by weight of ?SnO2+TiO2, 1.3-2.5% by weight of ZrO2, 3.65-4.3% by weight of ?ZrO2+0.87 (TiO2+SnO2), ?0.04% by weight of Fe2O3, 50-4000 ppm of Nd2O3 and 0-50 ppm of CoO is described. The glass or the glass ceramic is color-neutral, has a turbidity of less than 1% HAZE and a high light transmission. The glazing time for conversion of the glass into glass ceramic is especially short with less than 2.5 hours.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 SiO2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li3O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO _ ] ? [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ratio: [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 _ ] ? [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity ?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 Si O2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li2O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO ] [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ratio: [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 ] [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity ?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: The transparent glass ceramic with low thermal expansion is produced from a glass that is fined with a combination of environmentally friendly fining agents, specifically a combination of SnO2 with at least one of Sb2O3, SO42?, Br? and Cl?. The glass is free of arsenic and is preferably made from a mixture of SiO2, Al2O3, Li2O, TiO2, ZrO2 and ZnO. A mirror support for astronomy and a prism for LCD lithography are advantageously made from this glass ceramic.

Abstract: An LAS-type float glass, which is substantially free of As2O3 and/or Sb2O3 and precipitates a ?-quartz solid solution or a ?-spodumene solid solution as a main crystal by heat treatment, wherein, when C1 [mass %] represents the content of SnO2 at a glass surface, C0 [mass %] represents the content of SnO2 at a depth of 0.5 mm from the glass surface, and k [mass %/mm] represents an SnO2 concentration gradient defined by k=(C1-C0)/0.5, the LAS-type crystallized glass satisfies relationships of K?2 and C0?0.8 with respect to at least one surface thereof.

Abstract: An anodic bondable low-temperature fired porcelain having high-strength and low-thermal-expansion, wherein a conductive ion during anodic bonding is an Li ion, containing a complex oxide having a composition represented by the following formula: (1?x)(?Li2O-?MgO-?Al2O3-?Si2O2).xBi2O3??(1) where x represents a mass ratio of 0.01 to 0.1, and ?, ?, ? and ? have a molar ratio of 2 to 5:1 to 2:1 to 2:7 to 17.

Abstract: Described herein are glass ceramic compositions with bulk scattering properties that have improved light extraction properties due to high levels of diffuse transmission, and methods of making such glass ceramic compositions. The compositions are based on Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2 glass ceramics and with the proper crystal size, exhibit good volume scattering characteristic for visible light and enhance the outcoupling from the substrate to the air in optical devices, such as light emitting diodes.

Abstract: Antiballistic armor is provided that includes a glass-ceramic component having 50 to 70 weight percent SiO2, 15 to 25 weight percent Al2O3, 0.5 to 5 weight percent ZrO2, 0.1 to 10 weight percent Li2O, 1 to 5 weight percent TiO2. The glass ceramic component has a main crystalline phase that comprises keatite mixed crystal in a compositional range of LiAlSi2O6 to LiAlSi4O10.

Abstract: The invention mainly relates to a transparent, essentially colorless/??-quartz glass-ceramic material, the composition of which is free of As2O3 and of Sb2O3 and contains a specific combination of three nucleating agents: TiO2, ZrO2 and SnO2; TiO2 being present in low quantity.

Abstract: To provide crystallizable glass that is less likely to be devitrified even when formed into shape by a float process, causes no breakage during a forming step and a crystallization step and is capable of precipitating LAS-based crystals as main crystals by subjecting the glass to heat treatment after being formed into shape, and crystallized glass obtained by crystallizing the crystallizable glass. The crystallizable glass of the present invention is characterized by substantially containing neither As2O3 nor Sb2O3 and having a composition of, in percent by mass, 55.0 to 73.0% SiO2, 17.0 to 27.0% Al2O3, 2.0 to 5.0% Li2O, 0 to 1.5% MgO, 0 to 1.5% ZnO, 0 to 1.0% Na2O, 0 to 1.0% K2O, 0 to 3.8% TiO2, 0 to 2.5% ZrO2, 0 to 0.6% SnO2, and 2.3 to 3.8% TiO2+ZrO2.

Abstract: Glass-ceramics include SiO2, Al2O3 and Li2O on oxide basis. In the glass-ceramics, total amount in mass % of SiO2 and Al2O3 is less than 77% and Li2O/(SiO2+Al2O3) which is the ratio in mass % of the amount of Li2O to the total amount of SiO2 and Al2O3 is 0.064 or over. The glass-ceramics include at least one crystal phase selected from the group consisting of ?-quartz, ?-quartz solid solution, ?-eucryptite, ?-eucryptite solid solution, ?-spodumene and ?-spodumene solid solution.

Abstract: Transparent ?-quartz glass-ceramics containing vanadium oxide. Such glass-ceramics have advantageous optical properties including good transmission in the infrared range, low transmission in the visible range, and significant transmission in the blue range for thicknesses of 3 mm. They can be used as materials for cooking top plates.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure includes at least one honeycomb unit. The at least one honeycomb unit has a longitudinal direction and includes zeolite and an inorganic binder. A content of the zeolite per apparent unit volume of the at least one honeycomb unit is about 230 g/L or greater. The at least one honeycomb includes plural cell walls extending from one end face to another end face along the longitudinal direction to define plural cell walls. A porosity of substantially all pores in the cell walls is about 40% or less. A porosity of pores having diameters in a range of about 0.005 ?m through about 0.02 ?m in the cell walls is about 5% or greater. A porosity of pores having diameters in a range of about 0.05 ?m through about 0.2 ?m in the cell walls is about 17.5% or greater.

Abstract: Lithium silicate materials are described which can be easily processed by machining to dental products without undue wear of the tools and which subsequently can be converted into lithium silicate products showing high strength.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a blue transparent glass-ceramic material comprising ?-quartz solid solution as a predominant crystalline phase and process for making same. The glass-ceramic comprises TiO2 as a nucleating agent, sulphur and at least one metal oxide, advantageously MgO and/or ZnO. The process for making the glass-ceramic material comprises including a metal sulphide, such as ZnS and/or MgS, as a reducing agent in melting the precursor glass of the glass-ceramic material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transparent and essentially colorless ?-quartz glass-ceramic material which is free of TiO2, As2O3, Sb2O3 and phosphates; articles formed from said glass-ceramic material; lithium aluminosilicate glasses, precursors for said glass-ceramic material; and methods of producing said glass-ceramic material and said articles formed from said glass-ceramic material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of refining lithium aluminosilicate glass capable of being controllably ceramized and free of arsenic oxide, antimony oxide and tin oxide, in which at least 0.05% by weight of at least one sulfide is added to the glass batch materials and said materials are melted at a temperature below 1750° C. The invention also relates to the glass-ceramics obtained from said colored glass, especially glass colored by vanadium oxide, and cooktops and cooking utensils including such glass-ceramics.

Abstract: A highly porous substrate is provided using an extrusion system. More particularly, the present invention enables the production of a highly porous substrate. Depending on the particular mixture, the present invention enables substrate porosities of about 60% to about 90%, and enables advantages at other porosities, as well. The extrusion system enables the use of a wide variety of fibers and additives, and is adaptable to a wide variety of operating environments and applications. Fibers, which have an aspect ratio greater than 1, are selected according to substrate requirements, and are typically mixed with binders, pore-formers, extrusion aids, and fluid to form a homogeneous extrudable mass. The homogeneous mass is extruded into a green substrate. The more volatile material is preferentially removed from the green substrate, which allows the fibers to form interconnected networks.

Abstract: An optically detectable, floatable arsenic- and antimony-free, glazable lithium-aluminosilicate glass that can be prestressed and the glass ceramic converted therefrom are described. The glass or the glass ceramic has a composition (in % by weight based on oxide) of essentially SiO2 55-69, Al2O3 19-25, Li2O 3.2-5, Na2O 0-1.5, K2O 0-1.5, MgO 0-2.2, CaO 0-2.0, SrO 0-2.0, BaO 0-2.5, ZnO 0-<1.5, TiO2 1-3, ZrO2 1-2.5, SnO2 0.1-<1, ?TiO2+ZrO2+SnO2 2.5-5, P2O5 0-3, Nd2O3 0.01-0.6, CoO 0-0.005, F 0-1, B2O3 0-2.

Abstract: Provided are SiO2—Al2O3-based or Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2-based crystallized glass which has various properties intrinsic to the crystallized glass of the type and which contains an arsenic component or an antimony component in an amount as small as possible or does not contain an arsenic component and an antimony component; and a method for producing the crystallized glass. The crystallized glass contains components of SiO2 and Al2O3 (as oxides) and contains an SnO2 component (as oxide) and/or a CeO2 component (as oxide). Preferably, the glass contains from 0.01 to 5.0% (as oxide) of an SnO2 component and/or from 0.01 to 5.0% (as oxide) of a CeO2 component.

Abstract: A transparent, colorless lithium-aluminosilicate glass ceramic plate with high-quartz mixed crystals as the prevailing crystal phase, which is provided on one side with an opaque, colored, temperature-stable coating over the entire surface or over the entire surface to a large extent, is described, which has a content of Nd2O3 of 40 to 4000 ppm, a Yellowness Index of less than 10% with a 4 mm glass (ceramic) layer thickness, and a variegation of colors of the glass or the glass ceramic in the CIELAB color system of C* of less than 5. The glass ceramic plate preferably has a composition (in % by weight based on oxide) of: Li2O 3.0-4.5, Na2O 0-1.5, K2O 0-1.5, ?Na2O+K2O 0.2-2.0, MgO 0-2.0, CaO 0-1.5, SrO 0-1.5, BaO 0-2.5, ZnO 0-2.5, B2O3 0-1.0, Al2O3 19-25, SiO2 55-69, TiO2 1-3, ZrO2 1-2.5, SnO2 0-0.4, ?SnO2+TiO2<3, P2O5 0-3.0, Nd2O3 0.01-0.4, CoO 0.0-0.004.

Abstract: For providing glass-ceramics having properties suitable for use as a substrate of an information storage medium of next generation such as one for the perpendicular magnetic recording system without employing arsenic and antimony components which adversely affect human beings and the environment, there are provided glass-ceramics comprising SiO2, Li2O and Al2O3 on oxide basis, comprising lithium disilicate as a crystal phase, and comprising one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Sn, Ce, Mn, W, Ta, Bi, Nb, S, Cl and F.

Abstract: There are provided glass-ceramics comprising, in mass %, 50-60% SiO2, 22-26% Al2O3 and 3-5% Li2O, having an average crystal grain diameter exceeding 100 nm, and having an average linear thermal expansion coefficient of 30×10?7/° C. or below within a temperature range of 0° C. to 50° C. These glass-ceramics are manufactured by a step of melting glass raw materials, a step of forming the molten glass, a step of annealing the formed glass, a first heat treating step for heat treating the annealed glass at a temperature of 650-750° C. for 0.1 hour to 200 hours, and a second heat treating step for heat treating the glass at a temperature of 800-1000° C. for 0.1 hour to 50 hours.

Abstract: A fibrous ceramic material comprises a plurality of fibers having a modified aluminosilicate compositional structure (i.e., x(RO).y(Al2O3).z(SiO2) or w(MO).x(RO).y(Al2O3).z(SiO2)). The fibrous ceramic material is form by combining two or more x(RO).y(Al2O3).z(SiO2) or w(MO).x(RO).y(Al2O3).z(SiO2) precursors in which at least one of the two or more precursors is in fiber form. The resulting fibrous ceramic material has a low coefficient of thermal expansion (i.e., ?4.7×10-6/° C.).

Abstract: The invention is directed to transparent glass-ceramic materials for use in transparent armor systems. Applications include armor systems for ground vehicles and aircraft as well as personal protective equipment. The glass-ceramic materials according to the invention exhibit a ballistic limit vs. areal density line slope of 1.0 or greater, preferably 1.1 or greater and more preferably 1.2 or greater. The crystalline phase of the glass ceramic materials may include ?-quartz, spinel, spinel solid solutions, mullite and phases known in the art to be transparent.

Abstract: A glass composition for chemical tempering includes oxides in wt % ranges of: SiO2 60 to 75; Al2O3 18 to 28; Li2O 3 to 9; Na2O 0 to 3; K2O 0 to 0.5; CaO 0 to 3; MgO 0 to 3; ZrO2 0 to 3; where MgO+CaO is 0 to 6 wt %; Al2O3+ZrO2 is 18 to 28 wt %, and Na2O+K2O is 0.05 to 3.00 wt %. The glass has a log 10 viscosity temperature in the temperature range of 1328° F. (720° C.) to 1499° F. (815° C.); a liquidus temperature in the temperature range of 2437° F. (1336° C.) to 2575° F. (1413° C.), and a log 7.6 softening point temperature in the temperature range of 1544° F. (840° C.) to 1724° F. (940° C.). The chemically tempered glass has, among other properties, an abraded modulus of rupture of 72 to 78 KPSI, and a modulus of rupture of 76 to 112 KPSI.

Abstract: A transparent, colorless lithium-aluminosilicate glass ceramic plate with high-quartz mixed crystals as the prevailing crystal phase, which is provided on one side with an opaque, colored, temperature-stable coating over the entire surface or over the entire surface to a large extent, is described, which has a content of Nd2O3 of 40 to 4000 ppm, a Yellowness Index of less than 10% with a 4 mm glass (ceramic) layer thickness, and a variegation of colors of the glass or the glass ceramic in the CIELAB color system of C* of less than 5. The glass ceramic plate preferably has a composition (in % by weight based on oxide) of: Li2O 3.0-4.5, Na2O 0-1.5, K2O 0-1.5, ?Na2O+K2O 0.2-2.0, MgO 0-2.0, CaO 0-1.5, SrO 0-1.5, BaO 0-2.5, ZnO 0-2.5, B2O3 0-1.0, Al2O3 19-25, SiO2 55-69, TiO2 1-3, ZrO2 1-2.5, SnO2 0-0.4, ?SnO2+TiO2<3, P2O5 0-3.0, Nd2O3 0.01-0.4, CoO 0.0-0.