Abstract: A light absorbing layer which is bonded to a laser medium to configure a bonded body, wherein the light absorbing layer is formed from a glass material and, in an oscillation wavelength (wavelength of 650 nm or more and less than 1400 nm) of the laser medium, an absorption coefficient is 0.1 to 10.0 cm?1, a difference in refractive index between the light absorbing layer and the laser medium is within ±0.1, and a difference in linear thermal expansion coefficient between the light absorbing layer and the laser medium is within ±1 ppm/K. The present invention relates to a light absorbing layer for preventing parasitic oscillation, and aims to provide a material capable of suppressing the manufacturing cost and which can be easily processed for preparing a bonded body.

Abstract: Manufacturing methods for making a substantially rectangular and flat glass preform for manufacturing a Li ion conducting glass separator can involve drawing the preform to a thin sheet and may involve one or more of slumping, rolling or casting the glass within a frame that defines a space filling region and therewith the shape and size of the preform. The thickness of the rectangular flat preform so formed may be about 2 mm or less. The frame may be slotted having a back surface and widthwise wall portion that define the height and width of the space filling region. The flat backing surface and surfaces of the widthwise wall portions are defined may be coated by a material that is inert in direct contact with the heated glass material, such as gold.

Abstract: Chemically tempered lithium aluminosilicate glasses and methods of tempering are provided. The method allows fast tempering at moderate temperatures, which leads to a deep zone of surface tension with a high level of surface tension.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: a negative electrode active material including silicon-based composite particles containing SiOx (0<x<2) and a MgSiO3 phase, wherein the MgSiO3 phase includes a first MgSiO3 phase having an enstatite structure and a second MgSiO3 phase having a clinoenstatite structure at a weight ratio of 1:1 to 1:5; a negative electrode including the same; and a secondary battery including the negative electrode.

Abstract: Methods of obtaining a titanium dioxide nanofilm or microfilm are provided herein. A pure sheet of titanium is irradiated with a CO2 laser to produce the titanium dioxide nanofilm or microfilm. The titanium sheet can optionally be doped with an oxide, such as barium oxide. The method produces titanium dioxide nanofilms or microfilms that can be produced in more than one phase, such as a rutile phase, an anatase phase, or both combined. The titanium dioxide nanofilms or microfilms can be directly fabricated with high purity without any further processing.

Abstract: A composition includes: 30 mol % to 60 mol % SiO2; 15 mol % to 35 mol % Al2O3; 5 mol % to 25 mol % Y2O3; 0 mol % to 20 mol % TiO2; and 0 mol % to 25 mol % R2O, such that R2O is the sum of Na2O, K2O, Li2O, Rb2O, and Cs2O.

Abstract: A method of treating a bacterial infection including bacteria that have become resistant to an antibiotic in a subject in need thereof is provided. The method includes administering to the subject a safe and therapeutically effective amount of the antibiotic and a reviving agent selected from the group consisting of glass-ceramic particles, silver ions, and combinations thereof. The reviving agent restores antibiotic activity to the antibiotic against the bacteria.

Abstract: Glass-based articles that include a compressive stress layer extending from a surface of the glass-based article to a depth of compression are formed by exposing glass-based substrates to water vapor containing environments. The glass-based substrates have compositions selected to avoid the formation of haze during the treatment process. The methods of forming the glass-based articles may include elevated pressures and/or multiple exposures to water vapor containing environments selected to avoid the formation of haze during the treatment process.

Abstract: Optically transparent glass ceramic materials comprising a glass phase containing and a crystalline tungsten bronze phase comprising nanoparticles and having the formula MxWO3, where M includes at least one H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cu, Ag, Sn, Cd, In, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and U, and where 0<x<1. Aluminosilicate and zinc-bismuth-borate glasses comprising at least one of Sm2O3, Pr2O3, and Er2O3 are also provided.

Abstract: Glass-based articles are disclosed having a thickness in a range of from about 0.2 mm to about 4.0 mm, a first compressive stress layer extending from a first surface of the glass-based article to a first depth of compression that is in a range of from about 5% to about 20% of the thickness, a second compressive stress layer extending from a second surface of the glass-based article to a second depth of compression that is in a range of from about 5% to about 20% of the thickness, wherein the second surface is opposite the first surface, and a central region extending from the first depth of compression to the second depth of compression and having a maximum tensile stress in a range of from about 0.5 MPa to about 20 MPa. Electronic devices comprising the glass-based articles and methods of making glass-based articles are also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to glass compositions having improved thermal tempering capabilities. The disclosed glass compositions have high coefficients of thermal expansion and Young's moduli, and are capable of achieving high surface compressions. A method of making such glasses is also provided.

Abstract: Provided is a tempered glass sheet, including: a compressive stress layer having a compressive stress of 20 MPa or more continuously from a main surface in a depth direction thereof; a tensile stress layer that is arranged on an inner side with respect to the compressive stress layer in a sheet thickness direction and has a tensile stress of 20 MPa or more continuously in a depth direction thereof; and a stress-neutral layer arranged between the compressive stress layer and the tensile stress layer, wherein the stress-neutral layer has a compressive stress of less than 20 MPa and/or a tensile stress of less than 20 MPa continuously in the sheet thickness direction, and has a thickness of 5.3% or more of a sheet thickness.

Abstract: A glass composition with high Young's modulus and specific modulus, wherein the glass composition includes the following components by weight percentage: 30-46% of SiO2, 0-6% of B2O3, 10-30% of Al2O3, 4-20% of CaO, 2-15% of MgO, and 13-32% of Y2O3. The glass composition uses common chemical raw materials. By reasonably arranging the contents of each component, the glass is good in heat resistance, chemical stability and press-molding devitrification resistance performance, low in high-temperature viscosity, convenient in bubble elimination, with specific modulus above 34 and Young's modulus above 100 GPa, and is suitable for hard disk substrate manufacturing, semiconductor sealing and other fields.

Abstract: A glass, glass ceramic, or ceramic bead is described, with an internal porous scaffold microstructure that is surrounded be an amorphous shield. The shield serves to protect the internal porous microstructure of the shield while increasing the overall strength of the porous microstructure and improve the flowability of the beads either by themselves or in devices such as biologically degradable putty that would be used in bone or soft tissue augmentation or regeneration. The open porosity present inside the bead will allow for enhanced degradability in-vivo as compared to solid particles or spheres and also promote the growth of tissues including but not limited to all types of bone, soft tissue, blood vessels and nerves.

Abstract: Embodiments of alkali aluminosilicate glass articles that may be chemically strengthened to achieve a maximum surface compressive stress that exceeds compressive stresses that have been achieved in similar glasses are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the fictive temperature of these glass articles may be equal to the 1011 poise (P) viscosity temperature of the glass article. In some embodiments, the strengthened alkali aluminosilicate glass articles described herein may exhibit a maximum compressive stress of at least about 400 MPa, 800 MPa, 930 MPa or 1050 MPa. In some embodiments, the strengthened alkali aluminosilicate glass articles described herein may exhibit a compressive stress layer extending to a depth of layer of at least about 40 ?m (in samples having a thickness of 1 mm). In still other embodiments, these strengthened alkali aluminosilicate glass articles exhibit a parabolic or near-parabolic tensile stress profile in the central region of the glass articles.

Abstract: An optical glass having a small partial dispersion ratio (?g,F), while having a refractive index (nd) and Abbe number (?d) within desired ranges, is obtained. The optical glass, in mass %, comprises 10.0 to 70.0% of an SiO2 component, 1.0 to 50.0% of an Nb2O5 component, and 1.0 to 30.0% of an Na2O component, and has a refractive index (nd) of 1.62 to 1.75, an Abbe number (?d) of 30 to 42, and a partial dispersion ratio (?g,F) of no greater than 0.594.

Abstract: A glass composition includes: from 55.0 mol % to 70.0 mol % SiO2; from 12.0 mol % to 20.0 mol % Al2O3; from 5.0 mol % to 15.0 mol % Li2O; and from 4.0 mol % to 15.0 mol % Na2O. The glass composition has the following relationships ?8.00 mol %?R2O+RO—Al2O3—B2O3—P2O5??1.75 mol %, 9.00?(SiO2+Al2O3+Li2O)/Na2O, and (Li2O+Al2O3+P2O5)/(Na2O+B2O3)?3.50. The glass composition may be used in a glass article or a consumer electronic product.

Abstract: A redrawing method for the production of thin glasses is provided that allows redraw of high refractive index optical glasses. The includes the steps of providing a vitreous preform with a mean width B, a mean thickness D, and a refractive index nD of at least 1.68 in a redrawing device, heating at least a part of the preform, redrawing of the preform to a thin glass with a mean width b and a mean thickness d. The heated part of the preform exhibits, for the duration of at most 30 minutes, a temperature above a lower limit of devitrification of the glass. The glass of the preform exhibits a dependence of the viscosity on the temperature, which is characterized by a mean decrease of the viscosity with increasing temperature in an viscosity range of 108 to 105 dPas of at least 3*105 dPas/K.

Abstract: An optical glass having a small partial dispersion ratio (?g,F), while having a refractive index (nd) and Abbe number (?d) within desired ranges, is obtained. The optical glass, in mass %, comprises 10.0 to 70.0% of an SiO2 component, 1.0 to 50.0% of an Nb2O5 component, and 1.0 to 30.0% of an Na2O component, and has a refractive index (nd) of 1.62 to 1.75, an Abbe number (?d) of 30 to 42, and a partial dispersion ratio (?g,F) of no greater than 0.594.

Abstract: A high refractive index glass is provided. The glass has a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.7 and less than about 0.1 wt. % As2O3. A head mounted wearable device having a light guide optical element including high refractive index glass is also provided.

Abstract: A non-frangible glass article strengthened by a dual or two-step ion exchange (IOX) process, where the first IOX step leads to a depth of compressive layer FSM_DOL>0.1·t or, in some embodiments, FSM_DOL>0.15·t, where t is the thickness of the glass, is provided. The glass article has a compressive stress CS1 after the first IOX step at the surface of from 100 MPa to 400 MPa or, in some embodiments, from 150 MPa to 300 MPa. The first IOX step is followed by a second IOX step, leading to a “spike” compressive stress CS2 after the second IOX step at the surface of greater than 500 MPa or, in some embodiments, 700 MPa. The width of the spike generated by the second IOX is between 1 ?m and 30 ?m, or between 8 ?m and 15 ?m, using the criteria where the magnitude (absolute value) of the slope of the spike is higher than 20 MPa/?m.

Abstract: Glass articles having a base layer formed of glass and having a first compressive stress, an adjacent compression layer formed in the glass and having a second compressive stress, and a witness layer formed in the glass adjacent the compression layer and having a third compressive stress. The first, second and third compressive stresses all differing from one another. The witness layer also having a higher index of refraction than an index of refraction for the base or compression layers. Methods for manufacturing and methods of quality control that include the use of the witness layer are also disclosed.

Abstract: An alkali aluminosilicate glass that can be chemically strengthened and formed into a three dimensional shape. The glass has a softening point of less than about 825° C. and a high temperature coefficient of thermal expansion of less than about 30 parts per million (ppm)/° C. The glass may be ion exchanged after the three dimensional shape is formed. When ion exchanged, the glass has a surface layer that is under a compressive stress of at least about 700 MPa.

Abstract: Chemically strengthened glass articles having at least one deep compressive layer extending from a surface of the article to a depth of at least about 45 ?m within the article are provided. In one embodiment, the compressive stress profile includes a single linear segment extending from the surface to the depth of compression DOC. Alternatively, the compressive stress profile includes two linear portions: the first portion extending from the surface to a relatively shallow depth and having a steep slope; and a second portion extending from the shallow depth to the depth of compression. The strengthened glass has a 60% survival rate when dropped from a height of 80 cm in an inverted ball drop test and an equibiaxial flexural strength of at least 10 kgf as determined by abraded ring-on-ring testing. Methods of achieving such stress profiles are also described.

Abstract: Alkali-free phosphoboroaluminosilicate glasses are provided. The glasses include the network formers SiO2, B2O3, and at least one of Al2O3 and P2O5. The glass may, in some embodiments, have a Young's modulus of less than about 78 GPa and/or a coefficient of thermal expansion, averaged over a temperature range from about 20° C. to about 300° C., of less than about 38×10?7/° C. The glass may be used as a cover glass for electronic devices or as an outer clad layer for a glass laminate.

Abstract: Provided is optical glass that does not contain lead, which is an environmental pollutant. The optical glass is ideal for the transmission of light even after being exposed to X-rays, and has a high refractive index. The optical glass comprises, by mass % in terms of oxide versus the glass total mass, 1.0% to 60.0% of an SiO2 component, and one or more selected from the group consisting of an La2O3 component, ZrO2 component, TiO2 component, Nb2O5 component, and Ta2O5 as essential components. The optical glass has a refractive index (nd) of 1.50 or greater, and has a light intensity recovery rate of 45% or greater when the glass having been irradiated with X-rays with a dose of 2.5 Gy is irradiated with light of a xenon lamp for 11 hours.

Abstract: Alkali aluminosilicate glasses that are resistant to damage due to sharp impact and capable of fast ion exchange are provided. The glasses comprise at least 4 mol % P2O5 and, when ion exchanged, have a Vickers indentation crack initiation load of at least about 7 kgf.

Abstract: A lithium aluminosilicate glass and a method for producing such lithium aluminosilicate glass are provided. The glass has a composition, in mol %, of: SiO2 60-70; Al2O3 10-13; B2O3 0.0-0.9; Li2O 9.6-11.6; Na2O 8.2-less than 10; K2O 0.0-0.7; MgO 0.0-0.2; CaO 0.2-2.3; ZnO 0.0-0.4; ZrO2 1.3-2.6; P2O5 0.0-0.5; Fe2O3 0.003-0.100; SnO2 0.0-0.3; and CeO2 0.004-0.200. Further, the composition complies with the following relations and conditions: (Li2O+Al2O3)/(Na2O+K2O) greater than 2; Li2O/(Li2O+Na2O+K2O) greater than 0.47 and less than 0.70; CaO+Fe2O3+ZnO+P2O5+B2O3+CeO2 greater that 0.8 and less than 3, where at least four out of the six oxides are included. The glass exhibits a modulus of elasticity of at least 82 GPa and has a glass transition point below 540° C. and/or a working point below 1150° C.

Abstract: A glass, glass-ceramic, or ceramic bead is described, with an internal porous scaffold microstructure that is surrounded by an amorphous shield. The shield serves to protect the internal porous microstructure of the shield while increasing the overall strength of the porous microstructure and improve the flowability of the beads either by themselves or in devices such as biologically degradable putty that would be used in bone or soft tissue augmentation or regeneration. The open porosity present inside the bead will allow for enhanced degradability in-vivo as compared to solid particles or spheres and also promote the growth of tissues including but not limited to all types of bone, soft tissue, blood vessels, and nerves.

Abstract: Alkali aluminosilicate glasses that are ion exchangeable to high compressive stresses, have fast ion exchange kinetics, and high intrinsic damage resistance. The glasses achieve all of the above desired properties either with only small amounts of P2O5 (<1 mol %) or without addition of any P2O5.

Abstract: Embodiments of glass composition including at least about 65 mol % SiO2, Al2O3 in the range from about 7 mol % to about 11 mol %, Na2O in the range from about 13 mol % to about 16 mol %; and a non-zero amount of one or more alkali earth metal oxides selected from MgO, CaO and ZnO, wherein the sum of the alkali earth metal oxides is up to about 6 mol %, are disclosed. The glass compositions can be processed using fusion forming processes and float forming processes and are ion exchangeable. Glass articles including such glass compositions and methods of forming such glass articles are also disclosed. The glass articles of one or more embodiments exhibit a Vickers indentation crack initiation load of at least 8 kgf.

Abstract: A white glass contains, in terms of mole percentage on the basis of the following oxides, from 50 to 80% of SiO2, from 0 to 10% of Al2O3, from 11 to 30% of MgO, from 0 to 15% of Na2O and from 0.5 to 15% of P2O5.

Abstract: Provided is an optical glass that has desired optical properties, superior resistance to devitrification, and superior mass productivity. An optical glass is made of a SiO2—Nb2O5—TiO2-based glass having a refractive index (nd) of 1.75 to 1.95 and an Abbe's number (?d) of 15 to 35 and has an operation temperature range (?T=(temperature at 100.5 poise)?(liquidus temperature)) of 20° C. or more. The optical glass preferably contains, in percent by mass, 15% to 45% SiO2, 15% to 40% (but excluding 40%) Nb2O5 and 1% to 30% TiO2 as glass components.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a silica-titania-niobia glass and to a method for making the glass. The composition of the silica-titania-niobia (SiO2—TiO2—Nb2O5) glass, determined as the oxides, is Nb2O5 in an amount in the range of 0.005 wt. % to 1.2 wt. %, TiO2 in an amount in the range of 5 wt. % to 10 wt. %, and the remainder of glass is SiO2. In the method, the STN glass precursor is consolidated into a glass by heating to a temperature of 1600° C. to 1700° C. in flowing helium for 6 hours to 10 hours. When this temperature is reached, the helium flow can be replaced by argon for the remainder of the time. Subsequently the glass is cooled to approximately 1050° C., and then from 1050° C. to 700° C. followed by turning off the furnace and cooling the glass to room temperature at the natural cooling rate of the furnace.

Abstract: Disclosed are alkali aluminosilicate glasses having unexpected resistance to indentation cracking. The glasses obtain this high resistance as a result of a high level of surface compression accompanied by a shallow depth of layer. The advantaged glasses show greater resistance to radial crack formation from Vickers indentation than glasses with the same compressive stress, but higher depths of layer.

Abstract: Glass-ceramics and precursor glasses that are crystallizable to glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics of one or more embodiments include rutile, anatase, armalcolite or a combination thereof as the predominant crystalline phase. Such glasses and glass-ceramics may include compositions of, in mole %: SiO2 in the range from about 45 to about 75; Al2O3 in the range from about 4 to about 25; P2O5 in the range from about 0 to about 10; MgO in the range from about 0 to about 8; R2O in the range from about 0 to about 33; ZnO in the range from about 0 to about 8; ZrO2 in the range from about 0 to about 4; B2O3 in the range from about 0 to about 12, and one or more nucleating agents in the range from about 0.5 to about 12. In some glass-ceramic articles, the total crystalline phase includes up to 20% by weight of the glass-ceramic article.

Abstract: Ion exchangeable glasses containing SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, MgO, B2O3, and P2O5 are provided. The compressive stresses of these ion exchanged glasses are greater than 900 megapascals (MPa) at a depth of 45 or 50 microns (?m) with some glasses exhibiting a compressive stress of at least 1 gigaPascals (GPa). The ion exchange rates of these glasses are much faster than those of other alkali aluminosilicate glasses and the ion exchanged glass is resistant damage to impact damage. A method of ion exchanging the glass is also provided.

Abstract: The invention introduces new glasses, and new methods for making glass, glass-ceramics, and/or ceramic articles from inorganic compounds extracted from organic waste streams, including food waste streams, agricultural waste streams, and other organic waste streams with high inorganic oxide content. The organic waste stream can also be extended to human and animal wastes. These glasses will have the same, or improved physical, chemical, and mechanical properties as glasses made from mined minerals, however, the methodology disclosed in this invention will produce a renewable and sustainable inorganic product manufactured from organic waste streams.

Abstract: Ion exchangeable glasses having coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) at least about 90×10?7 ° C.?1. The glasses undergo rapid ion exchange, for example, in a molten KNO3 salt bath to a depth of layer of greater than 30 microns in less than 2 hours at temperatures of 370° C. to 390° C. When ion-exchanged to a depth of layer between 30 to 50 microns, the glasses exhibit a Vickers median/radial crack initiation threshold exceeding 30 kilograms force (kgf). The glasses are fusion formable and, in some embodiments, compatible with zircon.

Abstract: Various embodiments described herein comprise a laser and/or an amplifier system including a doped gain fiber having ytterbium ions in a phosphosilicate glass. Various embodiments described herein increase pump absorption to at least about 1000 dB/m-9000 dB/m. The use of these gain fibers provide for increased peak-powers and/or pulse energies. The various embodiments of the doped gain fiber having ytterbium ions in a phosphosilicate glass exhibit reduced photo-darkening levels compared to photo-darkening levels obtainable with equivalent doping levels of an ytterbium doped silica fiber.

Abstract: Ion exchangeable glass articles are disclosed. In one embodiment, a glass article formed from alkali aluminosilicate glass which may include Ga2O3, Al2O3, Na2O, SiO2, B2O3, P2O5 and various combinations thereof. The glass article may generally include about X mol % of Ga2O3 and about Z mol % of Al2O3, wherein 0?X?20, 0?Z?25 and 10?(X+Z)?25. The glass article may also include from about 5 mol % to about 35 mol % Na2O, SiO2 may be present in an amount from about 40 mol % to about 70 mol % SiO2. The glass article may further include Y mol % B2O3 where Y is from 0 to about 10. The glass article may further include (10-Y) mol % of P2O5. Glass articles formed according to the present invention may be ion-exchange strengthened. In addition, the glass articles may have a low liquid CTE which enables the glass articles to be readily formed into complex shapes.

Abstract: Alkali-free phosphoboroaluminosilicate glasses are provided. The glasses include the network formers SiO2, B2O3, and at least one of Al2O3 and P2O5. The glass may, in some embodiments, have a Young's modulus of less than about 78 GPa and/or a coefficient of thermal expansion, averaged over a temperature range from about 20° C. to about 300° C., of less than about 38×10?7/° C. The glass may be used as a cover glass for electronic devices or as an outer clad layer for a glass laminate.

Abstract: An ion exchangeable glass that is free of lithium and comprising 0.1-10 mol % P2O5 and at least 5 mol % Al2O3. The presence of P2O5 enables the glass to be ion exchanged more quickly and to a greater depth than comparable glasses that do not contain P2O5.

Abstract: To provide a substrate for information recording medium having various properties, in particular higher fracture toughness, required for application of the substrate for information recording medium of the next generation such as perpendicular magnetic recording system, etc. and a material with excellent workability for such purpose. A crystallized glass substrate for information recording medium, consisting of a crystallized glass which comprises one or more selected from RAl2O4 and R2TiO4 as a main crystal phase, in which R is one or more selected from Zn, Mg and Fe, and in which the main crystal phase has a crystal grain size in a range of from 0.5 nm to 20 nm, a degree of crystallinity of 15% or less, and a specific gravity of 3.00 or less.

Abstract: A down-drawable glass ceramic. The glass ceramic has a composition which yields a liquidus viscosity that enables formation of the parent glass by down-draw techniques such as fusion-draw and slot-draw methods. The resulting glass ceramic is white or translucent in appearance with high strength achieved through heat treatment of the fusion-formed glass.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for producing a composite bone graft material that can regenerate bony defects in the body. The invention further relates to methods that allow for the production of bioactive glass particles used in the composite that have been surface treated to allow for the production of a highly porous composite that can hold significant amounts of body fluid or other molecules that will aid in the regenerative process. The method of surface treatment allows for the manufacture of a suitable implantable composite while retaining the unique osteostimulative properties that are associated with bioactive glass particles.

Abstract: An optical glass comprising, by mass %, 12 to 40% of SiO2, 15% or more but less than 42% of Nb2O5, 2% or more but less than 18% of TiO2, (provided that Nb2O5/TiO2 is over 0.6), 0.1 to 20% of Li2O, 0.1 to 15% of Na2O, and 0.1 to 25% of K2O, and having an Abbe's number ?d of 20 to 30, a ?Pg,F of 0.016 or less and a liquidus temperature of 1,200° C. or lower.

Abstract: Alkali aluminosilicate glasses that are resistant to damage due to sharp impact and capable of fast ion exchange are provided. The glasses comprise at least 4 mol % P2O5 and, when ion exchanged, have a Vickers indentation crack initiation load of at least about 7 kgf.

Abstract: An ion exchangeable glass that is free of lithium and comprising 0.1-10 mol % P2O5 and at least 5 mol % Al2O3. The presence of P2O5 enables the glass to be ion exchanged more quickly and to a greater depth than comparable glasses that do not contain P2O5.

Abstract: Glasses are described which have characteristics that produce high visible transmittance, low solar transmittance, and high selectivity. The glasses can also preferably have a blue-green color. A number of advantageous formulations are described.